CN103468659A - Efficient utilization method of activated sludge - Google Patents
Efficient utilization method of activated sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN103468659A CN103468659A CN2013103653791A CN201310365379A CN103468659A CN 103468659 A CN103468659 A CN 103468659A CN 2013103653791 A CN2013103653791 A CN 2013103653791A CN 201310365379 A CN201310365379 A CN 201310365379A CN 103468659 A CN103468659 A CN 103468659A
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- lytic enzyme
- active sludge
- extracting solution
- activated sludge
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Abstract
The invention discloses an efficient utilization method of activated sludge. The method comprises the following steps: performing centrifugation or filtration processing on the activated sludge so as to remove water in the activated sludge; adding an non-ionic surface-active agent-contained extraction solvent, of which amount is 1-4 times (w/v) of that of the activated sludge, into the dehydrated activated sludge, stirring or performing ultrasonic extraction for 0.5-2 hours, and then performing centrifugation or filtration to obtain a hydrolytic enzyme extracting solution; adding organic solvents such as ethanol or acetone into the hydrolytic enzyme extracting solution to enable the density of the extracting solution to be 60%-90%, performing still standing at the temperature of 4-25 DEG C for 0.5-1.0 hour, then performing centrifugation, and taking precipitation to obtain a hydrolytic enzyme. Through the method, resource utilization of the activated sludge can be realized, so that environment pollution is reduced; meanwhile, a huge amount of hydrolytic enzyme resource is developed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental protection and Biological resources and develop field, what particularly relate to a kind of active sludge efficiently utilizes method.
Background technology
Microbe fermentation method is sewage water treatment method commonly used, by the metabolism of microorganism, organic waste is resolved into to CO
2and water, also amount reproduction growth of microorganism self simultaneously.Sewage treatment process is specially the outer lytic enzyme of the various born of the same parents of microorganism secretion larger molecular organics is hydrolyzed into to small-molecule substance, and small-molecule substance can be absorbed and metabolism by microorganism, thereby reaches the purpose of sewage purification.
In sewage treatment process, sewage work must regularly discharge a large amount of microbial cells, is called active sludge or residual active sludge.Along with the development of urbanization, urban industry and the growth of urban population, sewage and active mud content increase rapidly, as the speed increment of active sludge with every year about 10%.Active sludge mainly is comprised of the residue after bacterium, virus, fungi, algae, protozoon and described biological death, has height cohesiveness, compressibility and putridness etc., processes very difficult.Sewage work accounts for approximately 40% of Sewage Plant gross investment and overall running cost for the expense of active sludge treatment, and active sludge becomes new source of pollution.
Existing activated sludge treatment method mainly contains directly or landfill, burning and throw sea etc. as the fertilizer of farm crop, landfill or after drying by fermentation.The relative merits of each method are as follows:
Containing a large amount of organic nitrogens and abundant inorganic salt, be a kind of organic fertilizer preferably in active sludge, but often contain pathogenic bacteria, harmful worm's ovum, heavy metal and toxic substance in active sludge, should not be applied to farmland by as fertilizer sources.And the active sludge water content is large, approximately 80%, need dehydration concentrated after-applied to field, in dehydration, need to add a large amount of flocculation agents, but flocculation agent can cause many detrimentally affects such as the hardening soil.
The landfill method engineering is large, expends a large amount of soils, and easily pollutes surrounding enviroment and underground water source.
Burning method investment and running cost are high, and energy consumption is large, and have during burning sulfurous gas and two dislike because of etc. the objectionable impurities generation.
Throw Haifa and easily make sea pollution, forbidden in the world throwing the extra large disposal of industrial wastes and sewage sludge.
In addition, for active sludge treatment, also work out multiple pyrolytic technique, as technology such as low temperature or pressure pyrolysis oil preparation, the conversions of microwave high pressure thermochemistry, under the effect of catalyzer, organism thermolysis in mud is converted into to combustion gas, fuel oil and tar etc., but also there are the problems such as product quality or production cost in the pyrolytic technique in conceptual phase.Generally speaking, current activated sludge treatment method all can not solve the processing of active sludge effectively.
Summary of the invention
What the technical problem that the present invention mainly solves was to provide a kind of active sludge efficiently utilizes method, can prepare lytic enzyme from active sludge, realizes the recycling of active sludge, environmental contamination reduction.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: what a kind of active sludge was provided efficiently utilizes method, comprises step: active sludge is carried out to centrifugal or filtration treatment to remove the moisture in active sludge; In active sludge after dehydration, add 1-4 doubly measure (w/v) containing the extraction solvent of nonionic surface active agent, stir or after ultrasonic extraction 0.5-2 hour, centrifugal or filter to obtain the lytic enzyme extracting solution; Adding ethanol or acetone and other organic solvent to its concentration in the lytic enzyme extracting solution is 60%-90%, centrifugal after the standing 0.5-1.0 of 4 ℃-room temperature hour, gets its precipitation, obtains lytic enzyme, realizes the recycling of active sludge.
Wherein, after obtaining the lytic enzyme extracting solution, also the lytic enzyme extracting solution can be carried out to membrane concentration so that the precipitation lytic enzyme.
Wherein, the lytic enzyme of acquisition is carried out to drying or dissolving, to make powder lytic enzyme preparation or liquid hydrolysis zymin.Drying mode is lyophilize, vacuum-drying or spraying drying.
The present invention extracts the Triton X-100 that the nonionic surface active agent in solvent is 0.5%-2%.
The present invention can be recycled organic solvent, after being specially acquisition lytic enzyme precipitation, the supernatant liquor after centrifugal is carried out to underpressure distillation to reclaim organic solvent wherein.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: be different from existing active sludge treatment technology, the method of the present invention using active sludge as the utilization of resources, can from active sludge, extract lytic enzyme, be specially at first active sludge is carried out to processed, add the extraction solvent that contains nonionic surface active agent in active sludge after dehydration, after stirring or ultrasonic extraction, centrifugal or filter to obtain the lytic enzyme extracting solution, then, add organic solvent in the lytic enzyme extracting solution, and standing rear centrifugal, obtain the lytic enzyme precipitation.By the way, the present invention can realize the recycling of active sludge, and environmental contamination reduction is developed a kind of natural lytic enzyme resource of flood tide simultaneously.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of activated sludge treatment method one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the activation analysis of proteolytic enzyme in the lytic enzyme of middle different concns organic solvent deposit embodiment illustrated in fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the activation analysis of esterase in the lytic enzyme of middle different concns organic solvent deposit embodiment illustrated in fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the activation analysis of proteolytic enzyme in different biomaterials.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
Refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet that active sludge of the present invention utilizes method one embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, active sludge utilize method for extracting lytic enzyme wherein, realize the recycling of active sludge.Active sludge, before extracting lytic enzyme, carries out processed to it, and dewatering type is centrifugal or filters.Then, in the active sludge after dehydration, add 1-4 doubly to measure (w/v) and extract solvent, stir or after ultrasonic extraction 0.5-2 hour, centrifugal or filter after the lytic enzyme extracting solution.
Wherein, extract in solvent containing nonionic surface active agent.In the present embodiment, extract solvent for the Triton X-100 aqueous solution containing 0.5%-2%.
Adding ethanol or acetone and other organic solvent to its concentration in the lytic enzyme extracting solution is 60%-90%, and room temperature or centrifugal after standing 0.5-1.0 hour on ice obtains the lytic enzyme precipitation.
In other embodiments, can utilize the ammonium sulfate precipitation lytic enzyme.
In other embodiments, the lytic enzyme extracting solution first can be carried out to membrane concentration, then precipitation process.
The lytic enzyme be settled out can carry out drying, to obtain powder lytic enzyme preparation; Or dissolved, to obtain liquid hydrolysis zymin.
Wherein, dry mode can be lyophilize, vacuum-drying or spraying drying.
In the present embodiment, also can carry out underpressure distillation to reclaim organic solvent wherein to the supernatant liquor after centrifugal.
Wherein, in the situation that there is no limiting temperature, the operation of the present embodiment is carried out usually under 4 ℃-room temperature.
In the present embodiment, the hydrolytic enzyme activities obtained is detected.
As shown in Figure 2, Fig. 2 is the activation analysis of proteolytic enzyme in the lytic enzyme of middle different concns organic solvent deposit embodiment illustrated in fig. 1, wherein, 1 protease activity that is active sludge lytic enzyme extracting solution, 2-8 is the protease activity that different concentration ethanol precipitation lytic enzyme extracting solution obtains.Its analytical procedure adopts neutral casein hydrolysis method and measures protease activity containing the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis gel autography method of 0.1%-0.5% gelatin.
Fig. 3 is the activation analysis of esterase in the lytic enzyme of middle different concns organic solvent deposit embodiment illustrated in fig. 1, as shown in Figure 3, the esterase activity that 1-6 is the different concns organic solvent deposit, 7-10 in contrast, is esterase activity in the peanut of different concns organic solvent deposit.Its analytical procedure adopts the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis gel autography method of para-nitrophenol method and fast blue RR salt dyeing to measure esterase activity.
Fig. 4 is the activation analysis of proteolytic enzyme in different biomaterials, and as shown in Figure 4,8 is protease activity in active sludge, and 10 is protease activity in pawpaw.
In the active sludge of 100g sewage work, add 400ml to extract solvent, stir and extract 1 hour, after centrifugal the lytic enzyme extracting solution.Adding acetone to acetone final concentration in the lytic enzyme extracting solution is in 80%, 4 ℃ of refrigerator standing 1 hour, centrifugal lytic enzyme precipitation, after resolution of precipitate liquid hydrolysis zymin, or after lyophilize high reactivity hydrolysis zymin powder.
Separate liquid state and the powder lytic enzyme preparation of preparation and measure its protease activity through the casein hydrolysis method with containing the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis gel autography method of 0.1% gelatin, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis gel autography method through para-nitrophenol method and fast blue RR salt dyeing is measured its esterase activity, by measuring, the extraction of proteolytic enzyme and esterase and the rate of recovery are all very high.
With aforesaid method, extract and the preparation zymin, every kilogram of active sludge can obtain the neutral protease of 30,000 enzymes unit alive and the esterase of 38.2 enzymes unit alive.Or every kilogram of active sludge can prepare 13 gram powder zymins, in every gram enzyme powder containing neutral protease 800 units of enzyme activity and esterase 11.6 units of enzyme activity.Or every gram protein is containing the neutral protease of 6800 units of enzyme activity and the esterase of 94 units of enzyme activity.
In sum, active sludge of the present invention utilizes method the active sludge of sewage work's discharge can be turned waste into wealth, fundamentally solve the environmental hazard that mud brings, also develop a kind of natural lytic enzyme resource of flood tide simultaneously, there is good economic and social benefit.The advantage of this method is as follows:
A. utilize first active sludge to extract and prepare high reactivity hydrolysis zymin.
B. the protease activity that extracts from active sludge and prepare is higher than the protease activity extracted in vegetable material pawpaw at present commonly used.Active sludge is the high-quality resource for preparing the lytic enzyme such as highly active protein enzyme, and it is containing the lytic enzyme of the larger molecular organicses such as a large amount of degrade proteins, polysaccharide and grease.
C. the method for extracting lytic enzyme from active sludge of the present invention, facility investment is few, simple to operate, and the products production cost is low, is convenient to scale operation.
D. the present invention efficiently utilizes active sludge, turns waste into wealth, and fundamentally solves the environmental hazard that the active sludge of sewage work discharge brings, and has huge economic and social benefit.
E. precipitating the organic solvent that lytic enzyme uses can recycle and reuse fully, and production process safety and environmental protection, contamination-free produce.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention; every equivalent structure or conversion of equivalent flow process that utilizes specification sheets of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to do; or directly or indirectly be used in other relevant technical fields, all in like manner be included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
- An active sludge efficiently utilize method, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:Active sludge is carried out to centrifugal or filtration treatment to remove the moisture in active sludge;In active sludge after dehydration, add 1-4 doubly measure (w/v) containing the extraction solvent of nonionic surface active agent, stir or after ultrasonic extraction 0.5-2 hour, centrifugal or filter to obtain the lytic enzyme extracting solution;Adding ethanol or acetone and other organic solvent to its concentration in the lytic enzyme extracting solution is 60%-90%, centrifugal after the standing 0.5-1.0 of 4 ℃-room temperature hour, gets its precipitation, obtains lytic enzyme, realizes the recycling treatment of active sludge.
- 2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, after the step of described acquisition lytic enzyme extracting solution, the lytic enzyme extracting solution carried out to membrane concentration.
- 3. according to claim 1, the described method of 2 any one, it is characterized in that, after the step of described acquisition lytic enzyme, described lytic enzyme is carried out to drying or dissolving, to make powder lytic enzyme preparation or liquid hydrolysis zymin.
- 4. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the drying mode of described lytic enzyme is lyophilize, vacuum-drying or spraying drying.
- 5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the Triton X-100 that the nonionic surface active agent in described extraction solvent is 0.5%-2%.
- 6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, after described acquisition lytic enzyme step, described supernatant liquor after centrifugal carried out to underpressure distillation to reclaim organic solvent wherein.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105016590A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-11-04 | 北京工业大学 | Method for extracting and recycling proteins from sludge |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103069071A (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2013-04-24 | 巴科曼实验室国际公司 | Methods to degrade sludge from pulp and paper manufacturing |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103069071A (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2013-04-24 | 巴科曼实验室国际公司 | Methods to degrade sludge from pulp and paper manufacturing |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| AMARE GESSESSE，ET AL: "Lipase and protease extraction from activated sludge", 《WATER RESEARCH》, vol. 37, no. 15, 30 September 2003 (2003-09-30), XP004437620, DOI: doi:10.1016/S0043-1354(03)00241-0 * |
| DEBORA NABARLATZ,ET AL: "Extraction and purification of hydrolytic enzymes from activated sludge", 《RESOURCES, CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING》, vol. 59, 29 February 2012 (2012-02-29) * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105016590A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-11-04 | 北京工业大学 | Method for extracting and recycling proteins from sludge |
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Application publication date: 20131225 |