CN103468270A - Plant soil treatment agent for reducing heavy metal cadmium in crops - Google Patents
Plant soil treatment agent for reducing heavy metal cadmium in crops Download PDFInfo
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- CN103468270A CN103468270A CN2013104153618A CN201310415361A CN103468270A CN 103468270 A CN103468270 A CN 103468270A CN 2013104153618 A CN2013104153618 A CN 2013104153618A CN 201310415361 A CN201310415361 A CN 201310415361A CN 103468270 A CN103468270 A CN 103468270A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a plant soil treatment agent for reducing heavy metal cadmium in crops, aiming to reduce the content of the heavy metal cadmium in soil and reduce the absorption of cadmium by the crops so as to protect the health of people. A manufacturing method of the plant soil treatment agent comprises the following steps: 1, airing a biomass material; 2, crushing the aired biomass material by using a crusher, and filtering by using a 120-mesh screen to obtain biomass material powder; 3, drying the biomass material powder to ensure that the water content is not more than 2%; 4, adding water to dilute mercaptoacetic acid until the concentration is 25-30%; 5, uniformly scattering the diluted mercaptoacetic acid to the biomass material powder to ensure that the water content of the biomass material powder is 35-40%; 6 putting the biomass material powder into a microwave oven for treatment, and taking out after 15-20 minutes, wherein the microwave intensity is 20-25mW/cm<2>; and 7, performing sealed package by using plastic bags to obtain the plant soil treatment agent for reducing the heavy metal cadmium.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the agricultural soil treatment agent, relate in particular to a kind of plant soil treatment agent that reduces the farm crop heavy metal cadmium.
Background technology
Heavy metal cadmium; English name: cadmium period of element atom ordinal number is 48, belongs to IIB family metallic element.Symbol of element Cd.Cadmium is a kind of canescence metal, water insoluble, density 8.64g/cm3,331.03 ℃ of fusing points, 767 ℃ of boiling points.Agricultural land soil is the important medium of cadmium circulation, and in soil, cadmium exists with variform, can be divided into water-soluble state, ion-exchange state, carbonate combined, FE and Mn oxidizable, organically combine state, residual, ionic state and complex state.The main pollution source of cadmium is: the waste water produced in the exploitation of plumbous zinc ore, ore dressing and smelting process and waste gas, the production of steel alloy and the course of processing, waste water in plating, battery production process, production and the courses of processing such as dyestuff, agricultural chemicals, paint, glass, pottery.Plant absorbs and is enriched in the cadmium in soil, can make cadmium content in farm crop increase.Water-soluble cadmium CdCl2 etc. can be Crop, large to biological hazard, and the difficult migrations such as water-insoluble cadmium CdS, CdC03, be difficult for absorbed by cropsly, but the two can transform mutually with the change of envrionment conditions, when in the soil solution, chemical equilibrium is broken, the cadmium of indissoluble state can proceed in the soil solution and be absorbed by plants, once the heavy metal element cadmium enters soil, just can be trapped in for a long time in arable layer, after being absorbed by plants, be absorbed by the body.Cadmium is at the human body depot action, hides brightly to be 10～30 years, mainly is accumulated in liver, kidney, pancreas, Tiroidina and bone.The kidney organ is waited pathology occurs, and affect people's normal activity.Cause that anaemia, hypertension, neurodynia, sclerotin are soft, the illness such as ephritis and dyssecretosis, especially with the most obvious to kidney damage.Can cause diarrhoea, stomachache, serious vomiting, affect the reproduction fertility, damage nervus centralis, damage immunity system, and likely DNA is caused damage, cause cancer.Also can cause osteoporosis and softening, cause the itai-itai disease of refractory, cause suffering to the individual, have serious consequences to family and society.
Therefore the heavy metal cadmium problem solved in soil is extremely urgent.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: reduce the content of the heavy metal cadmium in soil, reduce the absorption of farm crop to cadmium, the protection people's is healthy.
When processing heavy metal contamination, absorption method is a kind of method with application potential, and in the application of absorption method, the selection of sorbent material is very crucial.High-efficiency adsorbent commonly used is gac, but its preparation cost is higher, the regeneration difficulty, thereby application is restricted.In recent years, find from biological material and geological materials and can replace the novel low-cost sorbent of gac for purifying, become gradually new focus.Although biological material is little to the adsorptive capacity specific activity charcoal of pollutent, due to the biological material wide material sources, draws materials conveniently, thereby there is good application prospect.In order to improve its adsorptive power to pollutent, must carry out chemical modification to its biological material.From inorganic chemical angle, analyzed, element sulphur has than high absorption capacity the divalent cation of heavy metal Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni etc.Add Thiovanic acid to carry out modification biological material, make it become the modification biological material, as sulfhydryl modified maize straw is absorbed the heavy metal cadmium ion.By test, contain the sulfydryl of 9.8g/kg in sulfhydryl modified maize straw, the adsorption rate less than 5% of unmodified corn stalk powder to the heavy metal in water ion, and can reach more than 97% after sulfhydryl modified.Adsorptive capacity to Hg2+ reaches stable to sulfhydryl modified corn stalk powder in pH5～7 o'clock, and pH when the heavy metal ion adsorbed ability of all the other except Pb2+ in water body is reached to maximum is 6～9.As can be seen here, sulfhydryl modified corn stalk powder is that the heavy metal cadmium ion is had to better adsorptive power.
A kind of manufacture method that reduces the plant soil treatment agent of farm crop heavy metal cadmium:
1, biological material is dried.
2, pulverize with pulverizer, filter with 120 eye mesh screens, make it to become the biological material powder.
3, the biological material powder is dried, and makes its moisture be no more than 2%.
4, Thiovanic acid is watered to dilution, concentration is 25-30%.
5, the Thiovanic acid after dilution is sprinkled upon on the biological material powder uniformly, makes its water content at 35-40%.
6, the biological material powder is placed in microwave oven, microwave intensity 20-25mW/cm2, took out after 15-20 minutes.
7, pack with plastic bag sealing, become the plant soil treatment agent that falls heavy metal cadmium.
During operation, to note:
1, microwave oven has severe radiation, must use the microwave oven product of regular producer, and during heating, operator's distance microwave stove should
Distance more than 2 meters is arranged, prevent from being subject to the injury of microwave radiation.
2, Thiovanic acid, English name thioglycolic acid has another name called thioglycolic acid, contains carboxylic acid group and sulfydryl in its molecule, and purposes is very extensive.Have strong impulse, the eye contact can cause grievous injury, can cause skin burn; Skin is had to sensitization, cause allergic dermatitis, can absorb and to cause poisoningly through skin, therefore, will note protection during operation.
Using method: 1, this soil treatment agent is sprinkling upon uniformly to the large field that heavy metal cadmium exceeds standard.2, plough (plowing).3, rise sheer from level ground.4, secondary plough (plowing).5, secondary rises sheer from level ground.Then according to conventional crop farming method operation.The purpose of rising sheer from level ground of ploughing for twice is to allow this treatment agent fully mix with soil, is conducive to the comprehensive absorption to the heavy metal in soil cadmium, improves treatment effect.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: utilize the characterization of adsorption of sulfhydryl modified corn stalk powder, effectively reduce the heavy metal cadmium content in soil, the content of the farm crop heavy metal cadmium that produces reduces more than 60%, thereby has guaranteed that people's is healthy.
Specific embodiments
Further illustrate the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment
Embodiment: 1, straw is dried.
2, pulverize with pulverizer, filter with 120 eye mesh screens, make it to become stalk powder.
3, stalk powder is put into to drying baker and dry, make its moisture be no more than 2%.
4, Thiovanic acid is watered to dilution, concentration is 25-30%.
5, the Thiovanic acid after dilution is sprinkled upon on plant straw powder uniformly, makes its water content at 35-40%.
The powder that 6, will contain Thiovanic acid is placed in microwave oven, and microwave intensity fixes on 20-25mW/cm2, after 15-20 minutes, takes out.
7, pack with plastic bag sealing, become the plant soil treatment agent that reduces the tobacco heavy metal cadmium.
The plant soil treatment agent in use, first is sprinkling upon this soil treatment agent the large field of plantation that heavy metal cadmium exceeds standard uniformly.Then plough (plowing), rise sheer from level ground.Secondary is ploughed (plowing) again, and secondary rises sheer from level ground.Then according to conventional crop farming method operation.The purpose of rising sheer from level ground of ploughing for twice is to allow this treatment agent fully mix with soil, is conducive to the comprehensive absorption to the heavy metal in soil cadmium, improves treatment effect.
Claims (2)
1. a plant soil treatment agent that reduces the farm crop heavy metal cadmium; Its manufacture method:
(1), biological material is dried;
(2), pulverize with pulverizer,, with 120 eye mesh screens filtrations, make it to become the biological material powder;
(3), the biological material powder dries, and makes its moisture be no more than 2%;
(4), Thiovanic acid is watered to dilution, concentration is 25-30%;
(5), by the dilution after Thiovanic acid be sprinkled upon uniformly on the biological material powder, make its water content 35-40%;
(6), the biological material powder is placed in microwave oven to microwave intensity 20-25mW/cm2, taking-up after 15-20 minutes;
(7), pack with plastic bag sealing, become the plant soil treatment agent that falls heavy metal cadmium.
2. as claimed in claim 1; Reduce the plant soil treatment agent of farm crop heavy metal cadmium, its using method:
(1), this soil treatment agent is sprinkling upon uniformly to the large field that heavy metal cadmium exceeds standard;
(2), plough (plowing);
(3), rise sheer from level ground;
(4), secondary plough (plowing);
(5), secondary rises sheer from level ground, then according to conventional crop farming method operation, the purpose of rising sheer from level ground of ploughing for twice is to allow this treatment agent fully mix with soil.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013104153618A CN103468270A (en) | 2013-09-02 | 2013-09-02 | Plant soil treatment agent for reducing heavy metal cadmium in crops |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013104153618A CN103468270A (en) | 2013-09-02 | 2013-09-02 | Plant soil treatment agent for reducing heavy metal cadmium in crops |
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| CN103468270A true CN103468270A (en) | 2013-12-25 |
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| CN2013104153618A Pending CN103468270A (en) | 2013-09-02 | 2013-09-02 | Plant soil treatment agent for reducing heavy metal cadmium in crops |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113444653A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-28 | 天津科技大学 | Method for improving control efficiency of yeast on postharvest diseases of fruits and vegetables through induction |
-
2013
- 2013-09-02 CN CN2013104153618A patent/CN103468270A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 高宝云等: "《巯基改性玉米秸秆粉对水体重金属离子的吸附性能初探》", 《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113444653A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-28 | 天津科技大学 | Method for improving control efficiency of yeast on postharvest diseases of fruits and vegetables through induction |
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