Background technology
Along with people propose higher requirement to energy-saving and environmental protection, safety, the application of the light-weight high-strength materials such as aluminium alloy obtains extensive concern.Aluminium is a kind of renewable resource, and in the earth's crust, aluminium element content is very abundant, and the recyclable remelting of discarded aluminium and aluminium is not only energy-conservation but also reduce and pollute.Aluminium has seemed into the material of a kind of " never exhausted ", at least can be for mankind considerable time.Simultaneously aluminium and aluminium are again a kind of energy-conservation and energy storage materials, and under the condition of safety and environmental protection, energy-conservation, the energy-storage function of aluminium is much larger than steel and other many materials, so aluminium becomes the critical material of Aero-Space and Modern Traffic transportation lightweight, high speed.Lightweight can make aircraft and spacecraft fly get Geng Gao, faster, farther, can make guided missile beat sooner, farther, more accurate, can make electric automobile zero pollute and run at high speed, can reduce tractive force and save ample resources, make not only safety but also on schedule of means of transport.
Aluminium and aluminium alloy have higher specific strength and thermal conductivity, good corrosion resistance and can keep the good characteristics such as mechanical property at low temperatures, the needs that adapt to modern science and technology and high-new engineering development, become one of important structural material of the industry such as aerospace, chemical industry, communications and transportation.Progress along with solder technology, people have been developed into the multiple aluminum alloy welding connecting structure that can meet various Special use requirements, as space shuttle, spaceship, light-duty vehicle and can conduction, the various Welded products of heat radiation, corrosion-resistant, anti-ultralow temperature.
Along with the extensive use of aluminium and aluminium alloy, for the solder technology of aluminium and aluminium alloy, also obtained significant progress.Except traditional melting, gas welding, electric resistance welding method, some other welding method (as plasma arc welding (PAW), electron-bombardment welding, vacuum brazing, Laser Welding, friction stir welding, laser-electric arc combined weldering etc.) also can be used for the welding of aluminium and alloy thereof.The tungsten electrode argon-arc welding electric arc flameholding, weldquality is good, and intensity and the plasticity of welding point are high, in industry, obtain a wide range of applications.
Yet, following difficulty and characteristics are arranged when aluminium and Welded:
1, the chemical activity due to aluminium and aluminium alloy is very strong, while adopting the traditional welding method welding, very easily form oxide-film in aluminum alloy surface, and there is infusibility (as the fusing point of alundum (Al2O3) is about 2050 ℃) more, aluminium and aluminium alloy thermal conductivity are strong in addition, and during welding, easy formation does not fuse phenomenon.Because the density of oxide-film is extremely close with the density of aluminium, so also easily form the field trash of weld metal.Simultaneously, oxide-film can absorb usually becomes one of major reason that forms weld porosity than juicy.
2, in addition, the linear expansion coefficient of aluminium and alloy thereof is large, and thermal conductivity is strong again, easily produce buckling deformation during welding, tradition melting weld seam makes welded seam of aluminium alloy produce the cast sturcture harmful to performance, and simultaneously, what the joint heat affected area produced softens and will greatly reduce its mechanical performance on a large scale.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method that is welded to connect of same diameter aluminium alloy pipeline, its first purpose is to improve the weld strength of pipe joint and aluminium alloy pipeline, its second purpose is to improve the softening problem of pipe joint and aluminium alloy pipeline weld, and its 3rd purpose is to provide corrosion-inhibiting coating to pipe joint.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of method that is welded to connect of same diameter aluminium alloy pipeline comprises the steps:
(1) according to the diameter of described aluminium alloy pipeline, choose or process slightly larger in diameter in one section aluminium-alloy pipe of pipe diameter to be connected as pipe joint, some grooved through holes are circumferentially opened in edge respectively in both sides in described pipe joint, the slotted eye center line of grooved through hole is vertical with the axis of pipe joint, and the spacing between adjacent two grooved through holes is not less than the hole length of described each grooved through hole; Process the groove of 50 ~ 60 ° at the both ends of described pipe joint inner surface again;
(2) first with acetone, remove pipe joint and aluminium alloy pipeline end surface, grooved through hole hole wall, the greasy dirt in all zones to be welded such as grooved through hole and lower plate composition surface, and then with the above-mentioned zone to be welded of sand paper mechanical grinding, till metallic luster is exposed in polishing, finally use clean cotton yarn wiped clean;
(3) both ends of pipe joint are overlapped with aluminium alloy pipeline end to be welded respectively, determine suitable overlap distance, at least make the aluminium alloy pipeline end surface cover grooved through hole inboard fully;
(4) prepare the activating agent of aluminum alloy MIG welding seam penetration, its activating agent is by MnCl
2, V
2o
5, SiO
2, and Al
2o
3form, by weight percentage, its component is: MnCl
225-40%, V
2o
510-15%, SiO
230-40%, all the other are Al
2o
3;
(5) the special active agent that first will prepare by above-mentioned design mix adopts plasma spray to be applied to pipe joint and aluminium alloy pipeline lap-joint, adopt again the welding method to weld the lap weld place, the concrete technology parameter is: welding current 180 ~ 200A, speed of welding 700mm/min, 50 °, welding gun inclination angle, protective gas is the argon gas that purity is greater than 99.98%, argon flow amount 8L/min~16L/min;
(6) adopt again the grooved through hole welding of manual tungsten level argon arc welding method in pipe joint, select the ER5183 aluminium welding wire, the concrete technology parameter is: running parameter is: welding current 150 ~ 160A, speed of welding 150mm/min, arc length 3mm, angle between welding gun tungsten electrode and weldment is 70 °~85 °, and protective gas is the argon gas that purity is greater than 99.98%, argon flow amount 8L/min~16L/min; Until fill up all grooved through holes;
(7) part of the pipe joint after welding is heated to 500 ~ 520 ℃ under nitrogen protection, and is incubated 30 ~ 40min, then put into cold water and quench;
(8) again pipe joint partly is heated to 170 ~ 180 ℃, keeps this temperature range naturally cooling after 3 ~ 4 hours, omnidistance under nitrogen protection;
(9) check and clear up all weld seams, guaranteeing face of weld pore-free, crackle, the defect such as lack of penetration;
(10) prepare anticorrosive paint, the dimethyldiethoxysilane of the MTES of 20 weight portions, 5 weight portions and 1.5 gram ten trifluoro octyl group trimethoxy silanes are mixed, the NaOH that adds 1 weight portion after magnetic agitation is even, at room temperature stirring reaction is 16 hours, the water of 3.5 weight portions slowly is added drop-wise in above-mentioned solution, after finishing, be allowed to condition under room temperature and continue reaction 2 hours, obtain colloidal solution; Nanometer Al by 2 weight portions
2o
3tiO with 0.5 weight portion
2join in the Propylene Glycol of 10 weight portions, adopt ultrasonic wave to disperse, obtain finely dispersed Al
2o
3and TiO
2dispersion liquid, join above-mentioned colloidal solution by it, under room temperature, stirs and obtain anticorrosive paint;
(11) above-mentioned anticorrosive paint evenly is sprayed to each weld of pipe joint.
Preferably, the both sides of described pipe joint are respectively along circumferentially opening 3 grooved through holes.
Preferably, the both sides of described pipe joint are respectively along circumferentially opening 4 grooved through holes.
Preferably, a plurality of grooved through holes of described pipe joint are equidistant.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
At first, the present invention circumferentially opens some grooved through holes in edge respectively in the both sides of described pipe joint, except pipe joint and aluminium alloy pipeline lap weld, can also additionally provide welding in the grooved through hole, and increase the effective bearing area of lap weld, thereby compare common overlap welding and greatly improved weld strength.
Secondly; the present invention adopts activating agent welding method in pipe joint and aluminium alloy pipeline overlap welding place; select suitable proprietary activating agent by great many of experiments; the selection of activating agent basic material and composition definite extremely important can play activating agent and nucleating agent effect in MIG weldering welding aluminum alloy process simultaneously.
Then, the present invention especially heat-treats the weld heat affected area pipe joint after welding, first pipe joint is heated to quench after 500 ~ 520 ℃ of a period of times, heat affected area that can be higher at alloying element content obtains supersaturated solid solution, again pipe joint partly is heated to 180 ℃ and for a long time the insulation and air cooling, make supersaturated solid solution occur to decompose and the diffusion-precipitation phase, thereby further strengthen the weld alloy strength, effectively improve the softening problem of weld heat affected area.
Finally, because the weld zone alloy content is higher and be different from aluminium alloy pipeline and the remainder of aluminium alloy pipeline joint, thereby the present invention additionally sprays proprietary anticorrosive paint again in each weld zone of pipe joint, thereby to weld zone, provide antirust, anti-corrosive to process, further improve performance and increase the service life.
The present invention operates and implements simply, is easy to industry and promotes.
The specific embodiment
Below with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, the aluminium-alloy pipe 2024 that mother metal is two φ 208 * 4mm, and the aluminium alloy pipeline joint 2024 of φ 212 * 5mm, pass through following steps:
(1) circumferentially open 3 equidistant grooved through holes in edge respectively in the both sides of described pipe joint, the slotted eye center line of grooved through hole is vertical with the axis of pipe joint, and the spacing between adjacent two grooved through holes is not less than the hole length of described each grooved through hole; Process the groove of 60 ° at the both ends of described pipe joint inner surface again;
(2) first with acetone, remove pipe joint and aluminium alloy pipeline end surface, grooved through hole hole wall, the greasy dirt in all zones to be welded such as grooved through hole and lower plate composition surface, and then with the above-mentioned zone to be welded of sand paper mechanical grinding, till metallic luster is exposed in polishing, finally use clean cotton yarn wiped clean;
(3) both ends of pipe joint are overlapped with aluminium alloy pipeline end to be welded respectively, determine suitable overlap distance, at least make the aluminium alloy pipeline end surface cover grooved through hole inboard fully;
(4) prepare the activating agent of aluminum alloy MIG welding seam penetration, its activating agent is by MnCl
2, V
2o
5, SiO
2, and Al
2o
3form, by weight percentage, its component is: MnCl
240%, V
2o
510%, SiO
230%, all the other are Al
2o
3;
(5) the special active agent that first will prepare by above-mentioned design mix adopts plasma spray to be applied to pipe joint and aluminium alloy pipeline lap-joint, adopt again the welding method to weld the lap weld place, the concrete technology parameter is: welding current 180A, speed of welding 700mm/min, 50 °, welding gun inclination angle, protective gas is the argon gas that purity is greater than 99.98%, argon flow amount 16L/min;
(6) adopt again the grooved through hole welding of manual tungsten level argon arc welding method in pipe joint, select the ER5183 aluminium welding wire, the concrete technology parameter is: running parameter is: welding current 150A, speed of welding 150mm/min, arc length 3mm, angle between welding gun tungsten electrode and weldment is 70 °, and protective gas is the argon gas that purity is greater than 99.98%, argon flow amount 16L/min; Until fill up all grooved through holes;
(7) part of the pipe joint after welding is heated to 520 ℃ under nitrogen protection, and insulation 30min, then put into cold water and quench;
(8) again pipe joint partly is heated to 170 ℃, keeps this temperature range naturally cooling after 4 hours, omnidistance under nitrogen protection;
(9) check and clear up all weld seams, guaranteeing face of weld pore-free, crackle, the defect such as lack of penetration;
(10) prepare anticorrosive paint, the dimethyldiethoxysilane of the MTES of 20 weight portions, 5 weight portions and 1.5 gram ten trifluoro octyl group trimethoxy silanes are mixed, the NaOH that adds 1 weight portion after magnetic agitation is even, at room temperature stirring reaction is 16 hours, the water of 3.5 weight portions slowly is added drop-wise in above-mentioned solution, after finishing, be allowed to condition under room temperature and continue reaction 2 hours, obtain colloidal solution; Nanometer Al by 2 weight portions
2o
3tiO with 0.5 weight portion
2join in the Propylene Glycol of 10 weight portions, adopt ultrasonic wave to disperse, obtain finely dispersed Al
2o
3and TiO
2dispersion liquid, join above-mentioned colloidal solution by it, under room temperature, stirs and obtain anticorrosive paint;
(11) above-mentioned anticorrosive paint evenly is sprayed to each weld of pipe joint.
To adopting the sample that above welding method obtains to carry out performance test, specific as follows:
(1) weld is carried out to X-ray procedure: the defects such as flawless, lack of penetration, incomplete fusion, without exceeding standard pore, the weld seam inherent quality is qualified;
(2) weld zone tensile property check:
At grooved via regions vertical weld direction intercepting tensile sample, carry out the tensile strength test, recording sample tensile strength is 139MPa, is greater than the lower limit of mother metal standard code;
Materials tubing through the curved core diameter of 6.6 times of mother metal thickness, and angle of bend reaches 1800, has no crackle, and assay is qualified.
(3) weld zone Hardness Surveillance:
Adopt the hardness of HVA-10A Vickers butt joint to be measured, hardness number is evenly distributed, mean value reaches 131HV, and the hardness number (80 ~ 90 HV) much larger than the joint of not heat-treating and heat affected area, illustrate and greatly improved the welding joint softened problem after local heat treatmet.
(4) pipe joint corrosion resistance check:
According to the regulation in GB/T 10125 " artificial atmosphere corrosion test-salt spray test ", the pipe joint corrosion, after 36 hours, is led to the 1.1Mpa helium, joint, without leakage situation, illustrates that the corrosion resistance of joint is good after testing.
embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, the aluminium-alloy pipe 2024 that mother metal is two φ 208 * 4mm, and the aluminium alloy pipeline joint 2024 of φ 212 * 5mm, pass through following steps:
(1) circumferentially open 4 equidistant grooved through holes in edge respectively in the both sides of described pipe joint, the slotted eye center line of grooved through hole is vertical with the axis of pipe joint, and the spacing between adjacent two grooved through holes is not less than the hole length of described each grooved through hole; Process the groove of 50 ° at the both ends of described pipe joint inner surface again;
(2) first with acetone, remove pipe joint and aluminium alloy pipeline end surface, grooved through hole hole wall, the greasy dirt in all zones to be welded such as grooved through hole and lower plate composition surface, and then with the above-mentioned zone to be welded of sand paper mechanical grinding, till metallic luster is exposed in polishing, finally use clean cotton yarn wiped clean;
(3) both ends of pipe joint are overlapped with aluminium alloy pipeline end to be welded respectively, determine suitable overlap distance, at least make the aluminium alloy pipeline end surface cover grooved through hole inboard fully;
(4) prepare the activating agent of aluminum alloy MIG welding seam penetration, its activating agent is by MnCl
2, V
2o
5, SiO
2, and Al
2o
3form, by weight percentage, its component is: MnCl
225%, V
2o
515%, SiO
240%, all the other are Al
2o
3;
(5) the special active agent that first will prepare by above-mentioned design mix adopts plasma spray to be applied to pipe joint and aluminium alloy pipeline lap-joint, adopt again the welding method to weld the lap weld place, the concrete technology parameter is: welding current 200A, speed of welding 700mm/min, 50 °, welding gun inclination angle, protective gas is the argon gas that purity is greater than 99.98%, argon flow amount 8L/min;
(6) adopt again the grooved through hole welding of manual tungsten level argon arc welding method in pipe joint, select the ER5183 aluminium welding wire, the concrete technology parameter is: running parameter is: welding current 160A, speed of welding 150mm/min, arc length 3mm, angle between welding gun tungsten electrode and weldment is 85 °, and protective gas is the argon gas that purity is greater than 99.98%, argon flow amount 8L/min; Until fill up all grooved through holes;
(7) part of the pipe joint after welding is heated to 500 ℃ under nitrogen protection, and insulation 40min, then put into cold water and quench;
(8) again pipe joint partly is heated to 180 ℃, keeps this temperature range naturally cooling after 3 hours, omnidistance under nitrogen protection;
(9) check and clear up all weld seams, guaranteeing face of weld pore-free, crackle, the defect such as lack of penetration;
(10) prepare anticorrosive paint, the dimethyldiethoxysilane of the MTES of 20 weight portions, 5 weight portions and 1.5 gram ten trifluoro octyl group trimethoxy silanes are mixed, the NaOH that adds 1 weight portion after magnetic agitation is even, at room temperature stirring reaction is 16 hours, the water of 3.5 weight portions slowly is added drop-wise in above-mentioned solution, after finishing, be allowed to condition under room temperature and continue reaction 2 hours, obtain colloidal solution; Nanometer Al by 2 weight portions
2o
3tiO with 0.5 weight portion
2join in the Propylene Glycol of 10 weight portions, adopt ultrasonic wave to disperse, obtain finely dispersed Al
2o
3and TiO
2dispersion liquid, join above-mentioned colloidal solution by it, under room temperature, stirs and obtain anticorrosive paint;
(11) above-mentioned anticorrosive paint evenly is sprayed to each weld of pipe joint.
To adopting the sample that above welding method obtains to carry out performance test, specific as follows:
(1) weld is carried out to X-ray procedure: the defects such as flawless, lack of penetration, incomplete fusion, without exceeding standard pore, the weld seam inherent quality is qualified;
(2) weld zone tensile property check:
At grooved via regions vertical weld direction intercepting tensile sample, carry out the tensile strength test, recording sample tensile strength is 135MPa, is greater than the lower limit of mother metal standard code;
Materials tubing through the curved core diameter of 6.6 times of mother metal thickness, and angle of bend reaches 1800, has no crackle, and assay is qualified.
(3) weld zone Hardness Surveillance:
Adopt the hardness of HVA-10A Vickers butt joint to be measured, hardness number is evenly distributed, mean value reaches 131HV, and the hardness number (80 ~ 90 HV) much larger than the joint of not heat-treating and heat affected area, illustrate and greatly improved the welding joint softened problem after local heat treatmet.
(4) pipe joint corrosion resistance check:
According to the regulation in GB/T 10125 " artificial atmosphere corrosion test-salt spray test ", the pipe joint corrosion, after 48 hours, is led to the 1.1Mpa helium, joint, without leakage situation, illustrates that the corrosion resistance of joint is good after testing.
Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred embodiment further description made for the present invention, can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations.For the general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.