CN103454540A - Manual accelerating electrical ageing test method for ceramic insulator - Google Patents
Manual accelerating electrical ageing test method for ceramic insulator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a manual accelerating electrical ageing test method for a ceramic insulator. Graphite mixtures are prepared through crystalline flake graphite and liquid glue, the surface of one end of an umbrella skirt of the ceramic insulator is coated with the graphite mixtures to form a latticed graphite layer to form a plurality of blocky graphite electrodes, and clearance channels between the adjacent graphite electrodes are high-resistance dry areas. High-voltage electrodes are arranged on the middle portion of the end face of the umbrella skirt of the ceramic insulator, and grounding electrodes are arranged on the edge of the end face of the umbrella skirt of the ceramic insulator. The high-voltage electrodes and the grounding electrodes are connected into a high-voltage test circuit respectively, continuous and stable electric arcs are formed in the high-resistance dry areas of the graphite layer of the surface of the umbrella skirt of the ceramic insulator by adjusting the voltage of the high-voltage test circuit, and the electric arcs fires continuously to enable electric corrosion to occur on the surficial enamel layer of the umbrella skirt of the ceramic insulator. The testing apparatuses needed by the manual accelerating electrical ageing test method for the ceramic insulator are simple, operation is convenient, electrical aging can be made to occur to the ceramic insulator fast and effectively, and the test cycle is shortened.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the porcelain insulator field, especially relate to a kind of porcelain insulator artificial acceleration electrical ageing test method.
Background technology
Insulator is requisite components and parts in power transmission and transforming equipment, plays electric insulation and the fixing vital role of machinery.Porcelain insulator is most popular insulator in electric system, in its operational process, can be subject to strong electromagnetic environment, exterior mechanical load and the impact of climatic environment on every side, along with increase working time, these external factor and the effect of porcelain insulator internal soundness combined factors, can impel porcelain insulator to occur aging.
The aging main manifestations of porcelain insulator is two aspects, the one, and its electrical insulation properties is deteriorated gradually even to be completely lost, and the 2nd, its physical strength even fracture that descends gradually, both all may cause serious electrical hazard.In operational process, the flashover electric arc that the leakage current under filthy wet condition and thunderbolt cause can cause porcelain insulator full skirt surface that the galvanic corrosion damage occurs, and destroys its surface glaze layer, causes that insulating property reduce; Simultaneously, can produce stress after the glaze damage layer and concentrate, cause the porcelain insulator physical strength to descend.
The unaccelerated aging of porcelain insulator is a long process, and generally, after 20 years of operation, its ageing rate just increases gradually, therefore, is necessary to adopt artificial accelerated aging test to study its aging characteristics.At present, the insulating material artificial accelerated aging test method of IEC standard and China's national Specification mainly comprises the multifactor aging test method of inclined plane method, 1000h saline fog method, squirrel wheel method and 5000h, the testing equipment complexity that these methods require, and the time cycle is longer, need the many factors of controlling.In addition, said method also is mainly used in the artificial accelerated aging test of composite insulator, almost not application in the accelerated deterioration of porcelain insulator.Therefore, be necessary to propose a kind of fast effectively, be applicable to the artificial accelerated aging test method of porcelain insulator.
Summary of the invention
Given this, the object of the invention is to, a kind of porcelain insulator artificial acceleration electrical ageing test method is provided, for fast and effeciently making porcelain insulator full skirt surface glaze layer generation galvanic corrosion, damage, for the aging characteristics of further studying porcelain insulator provide test product, the short form test device, shorten the test product manufacturing cycle.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of porcelain insulator artificial acceleration electrical ageing test method, it is characterized in that, crystalline flake graphite and liquid glue are mixed with to graphite mixture, coat this graphite mixture on the surface of porcelain insulator full skirt one end and form latticed graphite linings, form a plurality of blocky graphite electrodes, the clearance channel between adjacent block graphite electrode is the dry district of high resistant; Then arrange high-field electrode at this end face middle part, in this end surface side along arranging ground-electrode; High-field electrode and ground-electrode access respectively in the high-potting loop, by regulating the voltage in high-potting loop, the dry district of high resistant in porcelain insulator full skirt surface graphite linings forms continual and steady electric arc, and the lasting calcination of electric arc makes porcelain insulator full skirt surface glaze layer generation galvanic corrosion damage.
In a kind of above-mentioned porcelain insulator artificial acceleration electrical ageing test method, the concrete steps of the method are as follows:
In a kind of above-mentioned porcelain insulator artificial acceleration electrical ageing test method, described porcelain insulator comprises for the suspended porcelain insulator of transmission line of electricity with for the pillar porcelain insulator of transformer station.
In a kind of above-mentioned porcelain insulator artificial acceleration electrical ageing test method, described graphite linings is the potpourri that crystalline flake graphite and liquid glue are prepared and stirred by the quality proportioning of 1:1 ~ 1:2.
In a kind of above-mentioned porcelain insulator artificial acceleration electrical ageing test method, described high-field electrode and ground-electrode are bare copper wire, for suspended porcelain insulator, at its chapeau de fer and porcelain body junction, are wound around a circle bare copper wire as high-field electrode; For pillar porcelain insulator, at its full skirt root porcelain knob, be wound around a circle bare copper wire as high-field electrode; Ground-electrode adopts high temperature resistant adhesive tape to be fixed on the full skirt edge.
In a kind of above-mentioned porcelain insulator artificial acceleration electrical ageing test method, described high-potting loop comprises power switch S, the pressure regulator T that connects power supply
1, HT testing transformer T
2, current-limiting resistance R, RC divider D and leakage current collection system, described leakage current collection system comprises leakage current sampling resistor R
a, data collecting card A, computing machine C, described pressure regulator T
1with HT testing transformer T
2the input power frequency be 48Hz ~ 62Hz; Described power switch S two termination pressure regulator T
1input end, described pressure regulator T
1output termination HT testing transformer T
2input end, described HT testing transformer T
2high-voltage output end connect the high-pressure side of RC divider D and be arranged in the high-field electrode on porcelain insulator P through current-limiting resistance R, the ground-electrode of described porcelain insulator P is by series connection leakage current sampling resistor R
awith HT testing transformer T
2be connected to grounded screen, described leakage current sampling resistor R with together with the earth terminal of RC divider D
athe input end of output termination data collecting card A, the USB interface of the output termination computing machine C of described data collecting card A.
In a kind of above-mentioned porcelain insulator artificial acceleration electrical ageing test method, described brushing mould is a latticed fanning strip, in described fanning strip, grid is the hollow out grid, and the radius of fanning strip is less than the radius of the full skirt end face of porcelain insulator, and fan-shaped central angle is less than 360 ° for being greater than 0 °; Thickness is 0.5mm ~ 2mm.
Advantage and positive effect that the present invention has are: owing to having adopted technique scheme, can form continual and steady electric arc on porcelain insulator full skirt surface, by controlling the arc time, the galvanic corrosion that can make porcelain insulator full skirt surface glaze layer occur is in various degree damaged, and can fast and effeciently realize that porcelain insulator artificial acceleration electricity is aging; Simultaneously, the required test unit of porcelain insulator artificial acceleration electrical ageing test method of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, and can greatly shorten the test period.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 2 is the graphite linings brushing moulds in the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 3 is high-field electrode, ground electrode arrangement mode and graphite linings brushing design sketchs of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, and by reference to the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.Wherein, S: power switch, T
1: pressure regulator, T
2: HT testing transformer, R: current-limiting resistance, D: RC divider, P: pillar porcelain insulator test product, R
a: leakage current sampling resistor, A: data collecting card, C: computing machine, 1: hollow out grid, 2: clearance channel, 3: pillar porcelain insulator, 4: tested full skirt, 5: high-field electrode, 6: ground-electrode, 7: graphite linings.
In the present embodiment, using ZSW-40.5/10K-4 t shore porcelain insulator as subjects, as shown in Figure 1, high-potting of the present invention loop is by power switch S, pressure regulator T
1, HT testing transformer T
2, current-limiting resistance R, RC divider D and leakage current collection system form, wherein, supply frequency is 50Hz, voltage is 380V, pressure regulator is the TCWJH series variable ratio pressure regulator that Wuhan China electric U.S. human relations power technology company limited produces, and carries overcurrent relay, and HT testing transformer is the YDJ(G that Wuhan China electric U.S. human relations power technology company limited produces) serial light-duty ac high-voltage testing transformer, current-limiting resistance is water resistance, and the leakage current collection system is by accurate noninductive resistance R
a, data collecting card A and computer software platform C form, adopt direct extraction method to gather leakage current, seal in accurate noninductive resistance in loop, when pillar porcelain insulator full skirt surface produces electric arc, electric current flows through measuring circuit, converting leakage current to the resistance both end voltage measures, the sample circuit module adopts the CATV shielding box to be shielded to reduce the impact of external interference on signal, computing machine is used for capture card is arranged and the operation such as data preservation, utilize LabVIEW to be programmed, can omnidistancely measure leakage current and voltage, but and save data and waveform, the leakage current collection system acquisition to the data magnitude of voltage that is accurate noninductive resistance two ends, be leakage current data divided by the noninductive resistance resistance.
As shown in Figure 2, the graphite linings brushing mould adopted in the present embodiment is the fan-shaped cardboard that a central angle is 60 °, thickness is 1mm, make a plurality of rhombus hollow out grids on its surface, make it there is certain dutycycle, clearance channel width between adjacent mesh is 3mm, at the trial as discharge channel.
As shown in Figure 3, the arrangement of high-field electrode and ground-electrode is as follows: be wound around a circle bare copper wire as high-field electrode at tested full skirt upper surface umbrella root porcelain knob, adopt high temperature resistant adhesive tape to fix one section bare copper wire as ground-electrode at tested full skirt edge.High-field electrode is connected to the high-voltage output end in high-potting loop, and ground-electrode is connected to grounded screen by series connection leakage current collection system.
The graphite adopted in the present embodiment is high-purity crystalline flake graphite that Henan Xixia Mine graphite factory produces, its particle diameter≤0.3mm, and carbon content is greater than 99%, and the liquid glue of employing is 7302 liquid glues that the capable Group Co.,Ltd in Zhejiang produces.Graphite linings employing crystalline flake graphite and liquid glue mixed preparing according to a certain ratio form, and its quality proportioning generally is decided to be 1:1.2, and graphite is relevant with porcelain insulator full skirt pilot region size with the glue consumption.In the present embodiment, adopt precision balance to take 5g crystalline flake graphite and 6g liquid glue, it is mixed mutually, and adopt stirring rod to stir, be mixed with potpourri.
The brushing process of graphite linings is as follows: the brushing mould is fitted tightly on the full skirt surface, adopt adhesive tape that its four angles are fixed on full skirt, guarantee that in the brushing process, slippage does not occur mould; Adopt writing brush to dip the graphite linings prepared, single-frame be filled among the grid of mould, make the graphite linings consumption be evenly distributed as far as possible, and do not allow graphite linings stick in die surface; After brushing, tear the adhesive tape of mould four ends, along the full skirt vertical direction, open carefully mould, guarantee that mould does not go out graphite linings in the large tracts of land area, because the glue in graphite linings has viscosity, it is inevitable on mould, having residual on a small quantity; After opening mould, then adopt little writing brush slightly to modify graphite linings, make it neat and artistic.
After the graphite linings brushing, according to Fig. 1 joint test loop, after guaranteeing that test connection is errorless, slowly boost to the graphite linings gap starting the arc on pillar porcelain insulator full skirt surface by pressure regulator, maintain this voltage levvl, can keep electric arc to burn continually and steadily, pass through LabVIEW software platform real-time monitored leakage current values in process of the test, if leakage current values is excessive, appropriateness reduces trial voltage, guarantees not cause the transformer overcurrent protection tripping operation; If leakage current values is very little, can appropriateness improve trial voltage, increase arc energy.Because there are a plurality of clearance channel in porcelain insulator full skirt surface graphite linings, electric arc can produce in a plurality of gaps simultaneously, along with the arc time extends, continuous variation also can occur in the arcing position, thereby the galvanic corrosion of the glaze layer occurrence of large-area of porcelain insulator full skirt surface pilot region is damaged.By controlling arc time length, can draw the porcelain insulator test product of different galvanic corrosion degree.
Specific embodiment described above is only to the explanation for example of the present invention's spirit.Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. a porcelain insulator artificial acceleration electrical ageing test method, it is characterized in that, crystalline flake graphite and liquid glue are mixed with to graphite mixture, coat this graphite mixture on the surface of porcelain insulator full skirt one end and form latticed graphite linings, form a plurality of blocky graphite electrodes, the clearance channel between adjacent block graphite electrode is the dry district of high resistant; Then arrange high-field electrode at this end face middle part, in this end surface side along arranging ground-electrode; High-field electrode and ground-electrode access respectively in the high-potting loop, by regulating the voltage in high-potting loop, the dry district of high resistant in porcelain insulator full skirt surface graphite linings forms continual and steady electric arc, and the lasting calcination of electric arc makes porcelain insulator full skirt surface glaze layer generation galvanic corrosion damage.
2. a kind of porcelain insulator artificial acceleration electrical ageing test method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the concrete steps of the method are as follows:
Step 1, latticed brushing mould is covered to porcelain insulator full skirt surface, and by the graphite mixture brushing in the grid of brushing mould, after taking off the brushing mould, porcelain insulator full skirt surface just forms a plurality of blocky graphite electrodes, and the clearance channel between adjacent block graphite electrode is the dry district of high resistant;
Step 2, high-field electrode is arranged at end face middle part at the porcelain insulator full skirt that scribbles graphite, in the end surface side of the porcelain insulator full skirt that scribbles graphite along arranging ground-electrode, high-field electrode is connected to the high-voltage output end in high-potting loop, and ground-electrode is connected to grounded screen by series connection leakage current collection system;
Step 3, after guaranteeing that test connection is errorless, boost to the graphite linings gap starting the arc on porcelain insulator full skirt surface by the high-potting loop modulation, maintain this voltage levvl, can keep electric arc to burn continually and steadily, the glaze layer generation galvanic corrosion of porcelain insulator full skirt surface pilot region is damaged, by the leakage current real-time waveform collected, can either be judged that whether arc burning is stable.
3. a kind of porcelain insulator artificial acceleration electrical ageing test method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described porcelain insulator comprises for the suspended porcelain insulator of transmission line of electricity with for the pillar porcelain insulator of transformer station.
4. a kind of porcelain insulator artificial acceleration electrical ageing test method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described graphite linings is the potpourri that crystalline flake graphite and liquid glue are prepared and stirred by the quality proportioning of 1:1 ~ 1:2.
5. a kind of porcelain insulator artificial acceleration electrical ageing test method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described high-field electrode and ground-electrode are bare copper wire, for suspended porcelain insulator, at its chapeau de fer and porcelain body junction, are wound around a circle bare copper wire as high-field electrode; For pillar porcelain insulator, at its full skirt root porcelain knob, be wound around a circle bare copper wire as high-field electrode; Ground-electrode adopts high temperature resistant adhesive tape to be fixed on the full skirt edge.
6. a kind of porcelain insulator artificial acceleration electrical ageing test method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described high-potting loop comprises power switch S, the pressure regulator T that connects power supply
1, HT testing transformer T
2, current-limiting resistance R, RC divider D and leakage current collection system, described leakage current collection system comprises leakage current sampling resistor R
a, data collecting card A, computing machine C, described pressure regulator T
1with HT testing transformer T
2the input power frequency be 48Hz ~ 62Hz; Described power switch S two termination pressure regulator T
1input end, described pressure regulator T
1output termination HT testing transformer T
2input end, described HT testing transformer T
2high-voltage output end connect the high-pressure side of RC divider D and be arranged in the high-field electrode on porcelain insulator P through current-limiting resistance R, the ground-electrode of described porcelain insulator P is by series connection leakage current sampling resistor R
awith HT testing transformer T
2be connected to grounded screen, described leakage current sampling resistor R with together with the earth terminal of RC divider D
athe input end of output termination data collecting card A, the USB interface of the output termination computing machine C of described data collecting card A.
7. a kind of porcelain insulator artificial acceleration electrical ageing test method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described brushing mould is a latticed fanning strip, in described fanning strip, grid is the hollow out grid, the radius of fanning strip is less than the radius of the full skirt end face of porcelain insulator, and fan-shaped central angle is less than 360 ° for being greater than 0 °; Thickness is 0.5mm ~ 2mm.
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| CN105203879A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2015-12-30 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Pot-type insulator lifetime assessment method based on artificial accelerated aging test |
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| CN107843771A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-03-27 | 清华大学 | Test device for surface of composite insulator resistivity |
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| CN112433133A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-02 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Power cable fault simulation device and method using electric arc ignition |
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| CN104569767A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-04-29 | 国家电网公司 | Leakage current signal acquisition system of insulator |
| CN105203879A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2015-12-30 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Pot-type insulator lifetime assessment method based on artificial accelerated aging test |
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| CN105203879B (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2018-05-04 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of disc insulator lifetime estimation method based on artificial accelerated aging test |
| CN105277822B (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2018-06-12 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of artificial accelerated aging test method for GIS disc insulators |
| CN105137311A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2015-12-09 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Dry-type air-core reactor turn-to-turn insulation electrical aging test system and test method thereof |
| CN105137311B (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2018-01-19 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of dry-type air-core reactor turn-to-turn insulation electrical ageing test system and its test method |
| CN107843771A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-03-27 | 清华大学 | Test device for surface of composite insulator resistivity |
| CN109298273A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-02-01 | 醴陵华鑫电瓷科技股份有限公司 | A kind of electrical ageing test method of composite material insulator |
| CN112433133A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-02 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Power cable fault simulation device and method using electric arc ignition |
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