CN103454278A - Microparticle swarm fuel micro-combustion system based on digital holographic optical tweezers - Google Patents
Microparticle swarm fuel micro-combustion system based on digital holographic optical tweezers Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000012576 optical tweezer Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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Abstract
The invention relates to a microparticle swarm fuel micro-combustion system based on digital holographic optical tweezers. The system comprises a first laser driver, a first laser, a first spectroscope, a second laser, an attenuation slice, a second reflection lens, a collimating lens group, a first reflection lens, a spatial light modulator, a beam-expanding lens group, a second spectroscope, an objective lens, a microparticle swarm fuel, a micro-combustion chip, a third spectroscope, a third reflection lens, a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) camera, an infrared camera, a first image acquisition card, a second image acquisition card, a data acquisition card, a computer, a nitrogen storage bottle, an oxygen storage bottle, a first flowmeter, a second flowmeter, a buffering tank, a first valve, a second valve and a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. The distribution pattern of the fuel can be effectively controlled through a digital holographic technology and the spatial light modulator, so that the combustion of the microparticle swarm fuel can be performed in the micro-combustion chip; the composition mode of the micro-combustion can be effectively improved; the combustion efficiency of the micro-combustion is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the micro-combustion technical field, relate to a kind of microparticle group fuel micro-combustion system based on digital hologram light tweezer.
Background technology
Micro-combustion is identical with the traditional combustion function, by the chemical energy Efficient Conversion of fuel, is heat energy and kinetic energy exactly, has reliable sparking mode, wider operating range and the less pressure loss simultaneously.But the microscale burning that is reduced to of yardstick has brought a lot of challenges: (1) fuel mix difficulty: the Reynolds number mobile because of the little fuel mixture of microscale is very little, flows in laminar condition.Therefore mix and can not rely on strong turbulent flow to mix, but rely on molecular diffusion.(2) the less fuel stays time: along with reducing of yardstick, the hold-up time of fuel in firing chamber reduces greatly, usually be about 0.5ms, reached the characteristic reactive time of fuel, therefore the accurate number Da of Deng Keer is close to even being less than 1, therefore a lot of fuel has little time reaction and just is excluded outdoorly, and burning efficiency reduces.(3) larger combustion heat loss: along with reducing of yardstick, the surface-to-volume of firing chamber is than greatly increasing, and corresponding surface radiating amount also increases greatly, thereby affects burning efficiency.Heat radiation simultaneously is serious, can cause chamber temperature to reduce, and reduces reaction velocity, increases the reaction time, makes the burning operating range narrow down, and the Deng Keer number is less, and burning efficiency reduces.The instability of burning strengthens: along with reducing of yardstick, flame-out phenomenon, even appear in combustion instability.Main because: surface-to-volume is than increasing, and thermal loss increases, and temperature of reaction reduces, and retarded combustion reaction rate reaction operating range reduces, and reaction delays even to stop; Combustion chamber volume reduces, thereby has reduced the residence time of fuel, strengthens gas flow rate, can cause in the short time not reacting and occurs putting out.Course of reaction produces many intermediate products, and wherein the activated free radical of tool will affect the continuity of reaction.Under large scale, the consumption of free radical wall can be ignored, but, under microscale, molecular diffusion is very short to the distance of wall, and the collision frequency of unit interval and wall increases, so the consumption of free radical wall is very large, and on W-response, impact strengthens.
Therefore, the present invention proposes to adopt the microparticle fuel micro-combustion control system based on digital hologram light tweezer, can increase the hold-up time of fuel in the micro-combustion chip, improve the mixability of fuel, realize that microparticle fuel burns in the micro-combustion chip, and can effectively be controlled, improve efficiency and the fuel energy utilization factor of burning.
Summary of the invention
The present invention uses micro-combustion in liquid or solid microparticle fuel micro-combustion system effectively to control and system integration problem in order to solve, and has proposed a kind of microparticle group fuel micro-combustion system based on digital hologram light tweezer.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
Microparticle group fuel micro-combustion system based on digital hologram light tweezer comprises the first laser driver, the first laser instrument, the first spectroscope, second laser, attenuator, the second reflective mirror, collimation lens set, the first reflective mirror, spatial light modulator, the beam expanding lens group, the second spectroscope, object lens, microparticle group fuel, the micro-combustion chip, the 3rd spectroscope, the 3rd reflective mirror, the CCD camera, thermal camera, the first image pick-up card, the second image pick-up card, data collecting card, computing machine, the nitrogen storage gas cylinder, the oxygen gas bomb, the first flow meter, the second flowmeter, surge tank, the first valve, the second valve, gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, the 3rd valve, vacuum pump, illuminator, objective table, piezoelectric ceramics and tensimeter.
The light that the first laser instrument sends incides in collimation lens set light path is collimated through the first spectroscope; Then through the first reflective mirror, incide in spatial light modulator, the light of spatial light modulator reflection expands through the beam expanding lens group, expands light beam and reflexes to object lens through the second spectroscope and focus on microparticle group fuel, and microparticle group fuel is hunted down and is uniformly distributed; The first laser instrument is driven by the first laser driver and controls; Microparticle group fuel is placed in the micro-combustion chip.
The light that second laser sends arrives on microparticle group fuel through attenuator, the second reflective mirror, collimation lens set, the first reflective mirror, spatial light modulator, beam expanding lens group, the second spectroscope, object lens, for light path is carried out to auxiliary adjustment, guarantee that microparticle group fuel can accurately be caught.
The light that illuminator is sent arrives the 3rd spectroscope through microparticle group fuel, objective table, micro-combustion chip, object lens, the second spectroscope, after the 3rd spectroscope light splitting, light beam enters in the CCD camera, and microparticle group fuel is carried out imaging and observes the fuel distribution situation; Another light beam enters in thermal camera through the 3rd reflective mirror, and microparticle group fuel is carried out to the Temperature Distribution test.
The CCD camera is connected with computing machine through the first image pick-up card; Thermal camera is connected with computing machine through the second image pick-up card; According to position distribution and the combustion case of microparticle group fuel, computing machine carries out FEEDBACK CONTROL by data collecting card to the first laser driver and spatial light modulator.
Nitrogen enters surge tank from the nitrogen storage gas cylinder through the first flow meter, and oxygen enters surge tank from the oxygen gas bomb through the second flowmeter, and nitrogen and oxygen are mixed into combination gas according to the ratio of 79:21 in surge tank.
Combination gas, before not entering the micro-combustion chip, first utilizes vacuum pump through the 3rd valve, the micro-combustion chip to be vacuumized; After meeting the vacuum tightness requirement, combination gas enters in the micro-combustion chip through the first valve, and tensimeter detects the pressure in the micro-combustion chip; Microparticle group fuel is evenly caught in combination gas atmosphere, improves the output power of the first laser instrument by the drive current of regulating the first laser driver, is lighted to microparticle group fuel.
The volatile matter of separating out after microparticle group fuel burns and combustion tail gas enter in gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer and carry out constituent analysis through the second valve.
Described microparticle fuel is liquid, solid, biological particles or fuel blend; Liquid is selected oil or alcohols, and solid is selected coal or metal, and biological particles is selected straw or stalk.
Described objective table is the frequency oscillation to set by piezoelectric ceramics, so that fuel can not be deposited on objective table.
The present invention can effectively control by Digital Holography and spatial light modulator the distributional pattern of fuel, realize that microparticle group fuel can burn in the micro-combustion chip, and can effectively improve the building form of micro-combustion, improve the burning efficiency of micro-combustion, for miniature Aero-Space and minitype portable equipment provide power and propulsion system.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is system architecture schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is digital hologram Optical Tweezers Array schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is digital hologram Optical Tweezers Array auxiliary adjustment light path schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is microparticle group fuel of the present invention imaging, detection and FEEDBACK CONTROL schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is micro-combustion chip system structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Classical holographic technique utilizes the interference of light principle, and the light wave wavefront of object emission is recorded with the form of interference fringe, reaches the purpose of scars phase of light wave information; Utilize the wavefront of diffraction of light principle reproducing recorded object light ripple, just can access amplitude (intensity) and position phase (comprising position, shape and the color) information of object, in optical detection and three-dimensional imaging field, there is unique advantage.
Digital hologram refers to the CCD image device and replaces common photographic plate to carry out recorded hologram, reproduces with numerical calculation method; Afterwards, the expanded range of digital hologram was to the computing mechanism hologram, and photoelectron reconstructing hologram etc., formed the more digital hologram of broad sense.Digital holography can be divided into two kinds of the holographic and pixel holographics of computing mechanism from recording process: from the reproduction process, divide and can be divided into computer vision reappear theory and photoelectron reproduction.
As shown in Figure 1: the present embodiment comprises the first laser driver 1, the first laser instrument 2, the first spectroscope 3, second laser 4, attenuator 5, the second reflective mirror 6, collimation lens set 7, 8, the first reflective mirror 9, spatial light modulator 10, beam expanding lens group 11, 12, the second spectroscope 13, object lens 14, microparticle group fuel 15, micro-combustion chip 16, the 3rd spectroscope 17, the 3rd reflective mirror 18, CCD camera 19, thermal camera 20, the first image pick-up card 21, the second image pick-up card 22, data collecting card 23, computing machine 24, nitrogen storage gas cylinder 25, oxygen gas bomb 26, first flow meter 27, the second flowmeter 28, surge tank 29, the first valve 30, the second valve 31, gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer 32, the 3rd valve 33, vacuum pump 34, illuminator 35, objective table 36, piezoelectric ceramics 37, tensimeter 38.
The light that the first laser instrument 2 sends incides in collimation lens set 7,8 light path is collimated through the first spectroscope 3.Then through the first reflective mirror 9, incide in spatial light modulator 10, the light of spatial light modulator 10 reflections expands through beam expanding lens group 11,12, expand light beam and reflex to object lens 14 through the second spectroscope 13 and focus on microparticle group fuel 15, microparticle group fuel 15 is hunted down and is uniformly distributed.
In the specific embodiment of the present invention, spatial modulator 10 adopts to row formula liquid crystal light valve spatial light modulator, comprise many by computer-controlled pixel cell, by applying electric field, can adjust in real time the orientation of liquid crystal on pixel, thereby produce corresponding phase shift, the final pattern that can control in real time light distribution that produces on optical acquisition face, wherein each luminous point can be caught a particulate, has the ability of catching Particle Swarm.Therefore single beam has the multiple beam of characteristic distribution form by the rear formation of spatial modulator 10, and multiple beam forms Optical Tweezers Array after object lens 14.The digital hologram light tweezer index path adopted in the present invention is shown in Fig. 2.
The present invention adopts the mode of digital recording and optical reproduction to realize digital hologram light tweezer, by the Software Create hologram, then is read in spatial light modulator 10 reproducing medium replaced in the traditional optical holography by spatial light modulator 10.At first, set and load the distributed intelligence of microparticle group fuel 15, read in the picture of fuel position distribution, notice that dimension of picture does not surpass 1024 * 1024 pixels.By the parameter of virtual optical path is set, as diffraction distance, angle between reference etc., generating digital hologram.Then, the hologram reconstruction calculation procedure is realized to the multi-beam array light tweezer with space distribution according to the light path utilization numeral of Figure of description 1.Regulate the angle of angle and spatial modulator 10 and the light path of the polaroid on spatial modulator 10, obtain the optimum reproducing effect.
Improve gradually and be radiated at the laser power on microparticle group fuel 15, the particle surface generating gasification, have Volatile, and when the microparticle fuel surface temperature surpasses its kindling point, microparticle fuel is lighted and combustion reaction occurred.In Figure of description 2, the first laser instrument 2 is driven and controls by the first laser driver 1, and therefore in order to realize the microparticle ignited fuel, the maximum power output of the first laser instrument 2 should reach several watts.
In the present invention, the wavelength of the first laser instrument 2 is invisible light, and therefore the adjusting for light path need to adopt auxiliary optical path to carry out, and digital hologram light tweezer auxiliary adjustment light path is shown in Figure of description 3.The light that second laser 4 sends arrives on microparticle group fuel 15 through attenuator 5, the second reflective mirror 6, collimation lens set 7,8, the first reflective mirror 9, spatial light modulator 10, beam expanding lens group 11,12, the second spectroscope 13, object lens 14, for light path is carried out to auxiliary adjustment, guarantee that microparticle group fuel 15 can accurately be caught.Second laser 4 adopts the visible ray helium-neon laser usually, wavelength 632.8nm, and power is the number milliwatt.
The imaging of microparticle group fuel 15 in the present invention, locus distribute and the Temperature Distribution test pattern is shown in Figure of description 4.The light that illuminator 35 is sent arrives the 3rd spectroscope 17 through microparticle group fuel 15, objective table 36, micro-combustion chip 16, object lens 14, the second spectroscope 13, after the 3rd spectroscope 17 light splitting, light beam enters in CCD camera 19, and microparticle group fuel 15 is carried out imaging and observes the fuel distribution situation.Another light beam enters in thermal camera 20 through the 3rd reflective mirror 18, and microparticle group fuel 15 is carried out to the Temperature Distribution test.In the micro-combustion chip, objective table 36 can be by piezoelectric ceramics 37 with certain frequency oscillation, so that fuel can not be deposited on objective table.
Adopt computing machine to carry out real-time data acquisition and FEEDBACK CONTROL, its structural representation is shown in Figure of description 4 simultaneously.CCD camera 19 is connected with computing machine 24 through the first image pick-up card 21.Thermal camera 20 is connected with computing machine 24 through the second image pick-up card 22.According to position distribution and the combustion case of microparticle group fuel 15, by 23 pairs of the first laser drivers 1 of data collecting card and spatial light modulator 10, carry out FEEDBACK CONTROL.Realize stable the catching of microparticle group fuel 15 by the power stage of regulating the first laser driver 1, by regulating and the multiple beam of transformation space photomodulator 10 distributes the distribution that realizes that microparticle group fuel 15 is multi-form.
Micro-combustion chip system structural representation is shown in Figure of description 5, nitrogen enters surge tank 29 from nitrogen storage gas cylinder 25 through first flow meter 27, oxygen enters surge tank 29 from oxygen gas bomb 26 through the second flowmeter 28, and nitrogen and oxygen are mixed into combination gas according to the ratio of 79:21 in surge tank 29.
Combination gas, before not entering micro-combustion chip 16, first utilizes vacuum pump 34 to vacuumize through 33 pairs of micro-combustion chips 16 of the 3rd valve.After meeting the vacuum tightness requirement, combination gas enters in micro-combustion chip 16 through the first valve 30, the pressure that tensimeter 38 detects in micro-combustion chips 16.
The volatile matter of separating out after microparticle group fuel 15 burns and combustion tail gas enter in gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer 32 and carry out constituent analysis through the second valve 31.
Claims (3)
1. the microparticle group fuel micro-combustion system based on digital hologram light tweezer, is characterized in that: comprise the first laser driver (1), the first laser instrument (2), the first spectroscope (3), second laser (4), attenuator (5), the second reflective mirror (6), collimation lens set (7, 8), the first reflective mirror (9), spatial light modulator (10), beam expanding lens group (11, 12), the second spectroscope (13), object lens (14), microparticle group fuel (15), micro-combustion chip (16), the 3rd spectroscope (17), the 3rd reflective mirror (18), CCD camera (19), thermal camera (20), the first image pick-up card (21), the second image pick-up card (22), data collecting card (23), computing machine (24), nitrogen storage gas cylinder (25), oxygen gas bomb (26), first flow meter (27), the second flowmeter (28), surge tank (29), the first valve (30), the second valve (31), gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (32), the 3rd valve (33), vacuum pump (34), illuminator (35), objective table (36), piezoelectric ceramics (37) and tensimeter (38),
The light that the first laser instrument (2) sends incides in collimation lens set (7,8) light path is collimated through the first spectroscope (3); Then through the first reflective mirror (9), incide in spatial light modulator (10), the light of spatial light modulator (10) reflection expands through beam expanding lens group (11,12), expand light beam and reflex to object lens (14) through the second spectroscope (13) to focus on microparticle group fuel (15) upper, microparticle group fuel (15) is hunted down and is uniformly distributed; The first laser instrument (2) is driven by the first laser driver (1) and controls; Microparticle group fuel (15) is placed in micro-combustion chip (16);
The light that second laser 4 sends arrives on microparticle group's fuel (15) through attenuator (5), the second reflective mirror (6), collimation lens set (7,8), the first reflective mirror (9), spatial light modulator (10), beam expanding lens group (11,12), the second spectroscope (13), object lens (14), for light path is carried out to auxiliary adjustment, guarantee that microparticle group fuel (15) can accurately be caught;
The light that illuminator (35) is sent arrives the 3rd spectroscope (17) through microparticle group fuel (15), objective table (36), micro-combustion chip (16), object lens (14), the second spectroscope (13), after the 3rd spectroscope (17) light splitting, light beam enters in CCD camera (19), and microparticle group fuel (15) is carried out imaging and observes the fuel distribution situation; Another light beam enters in thermal camera (20) through the 3rd reflective mirror (18), and microparticle group fuel (15) is carried out to the Temperature Distribution test;
CCD camera (19) is connected with computing machine (24) through the first image pick-up card (21); Thermal camera (20) is connected with computing machine (24) through the second image pick-up card (22); According to position distribution and the combustion case of microparticle group fuel (15), computing machine (24) carries out FEEDBACK CONTROL by data collecting card (23) to the first laser driver (1) and spatial light modulator (10);
Nitrogen enters surge tank (29) from nitrogen storage gas cylinder (25) through first flow meter (27), oxygen enters surge tank (29) from oxygen gas bomb (26) through the second flowmeter (28), and nitrogen and oxygen are mixed into combination gas according to the ratio of 79:21 in surge tank (29);
Combination gas is not entering micro-combustion chip (16) before, first utilizes vacuum pump (34) through the 3rd valve (33), micro-combustion chip (16) to be vacuumized; After meeting the vacuum tightness requirement, combination gas enters in micro-combustion chip (16) through the first valve (30), and tensimeter (38) detects the pressure in micro-combustion chip (16); (15 are evenly caught microparticle group fuel in combination gas atmosphere, by the drive current of regulating the first laser driver (1), improve the output power of the first laser instrument (2), are lighted to microparticle group fuel (15);
The volatile matter of separating out after microparticle group fuel (15) burns and combustion tail gas enter in gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (32) and carry out constituent analysis through the second valve (31).
2. the microparticle group fuel micro-combustion system based on digital hologram light tweezer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described microparticle fuel is liquid, solid, biological particles or fuel blend; Liquid is selected oil or alcohols, and solid is selected coal or metal, and biological particles is selected straw or stalk.
3. the microparticle group fuel micro-combustion system based on digital hologram light tweezer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described objective table is the frequency oscillation to set by piezoelectric ceramics, so that fuel can not be deposited on objective table.
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