CN104897530A - Full-field injection atomization measurement device and method based on photon time domain filter technique - Google Patents
Full-field injection atomization measurement device and method based on photon time domain filter technique Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a full-field injection atomization measurement device and method based on a photon time domain filter technique. The device comprises a femtosecond laser, a beam splitter, a polarizer, a variable rectangular aperture, a beam expanding system, a target injector, a first convex lens, an optical kerr medium, a polarization analyzer, a second convex lens, a transmittance and spatial distribution structure variable attenuator, a ICOMS (Intensified Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) camera, a half wavelength plate, an optical path time delayer, a first reflecting mirror, a second reflecting mirror, an optical beam collector, a sequential control system and a computer. Ballistic photons are selected according to an optical kerr effect for imaging, and a clear spray field structure picture is further acquired; the optical beam is reshaped to rectangular light spots with variable length-width ratios by adopting the variable rectangular aperture and the beam expanding system, and all the spray field is effectively covered; the density of ballistic photons entering a near field region of the ICOMS camera is identical to that of the ballistic photons entering other regions due to the adoption of the transmittance and spatial distribution structure variable attenuator, so that a clear full-field image of the spray field is acquired.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laser measurement field, relate to a kind of engine ejector filler spray based on photon temporal filtering technique atomization measurement of full field device and method.
Background technology
Liquid fuel (hydrocarbon) has easy storage, carries, density is high, unit volume calorific value is high, be convenient to the advantages such as practical application, is widely used in punching engine, turbine engine, detonation engine, rocket engine and motor car engine etc.Motor fluid propellant spray atomization process plays a part very crucial in whole engine working process, and having engine combustion efficiency, ignition performance and combustion stability affects very significantly.In addition, the main computation fluid dynamics (CFD) of designing technique of Modern Engine, but due to complicacy and the shortage experimental data of combustion process, there is many deficiencies in CFD model, one of them main deficiency is exactly be difficult to the process of model fluid fuel atomization accurately, and then has influence on the accuracy of whole combustion process modelling emulation.
Spray atomization process roughly can be divided near field region, secondary-atomizing district and evaporating area, as shown in Figure 1.Fuel is near field region generation liquid crushing and first atomization, and this district's drop size is large, density is high, and photon, in this district, very serious absorption and scattering phenomenon can occur, and therefore conventional optical measurement means all can not obtain the information of near field region.At present, near field region, be the very potential measuring method of one based on trajectory photon time gating technique (photon temporal filtering technique) imaging measurement method.Here need to illustrate: when laser beam is by flow field, because scattering imaging is different, be broadly divided into three classes, first trajectory photon, directly through flow field, scattering do not occur, consistent with incident light propagation direction, carry information of flow.It two is snake photons, and during by flow field, 1 to 4 scatterings of general experience, they are along the outgoing of incident photon direction, but its angle of divergence is greater than trajectory photon.Also have a kind of photon diffuse photon, by experiencing the scattering of more than 5 times during flow field, its exit direction and incident direction have nothing to do, and with 4 π angle of divergence outgoing, do not carry information of flow, belong to noise.When incident light is by flow field, in sequential arrangement, up front, be thereafter snake photon, be finally diffuse photon to trajectory photon, utilizes its time response the trajectory photon carrying information of flow can be chosen.
Secondary-atomizing district (sparse range of atomization) and evaporating area drop size is little, density is low, conventional optical measurement means, as shadowing method, PLIF, Mie scattering technology and laser phase Doppler particle analysis technology etc., may be used to the measurement in these two regions.
Because near field region optical transmittance is approximately 10
-210
-5, trajectory photon number density is much smaller than diffuse photon.Secondary-atomizing district optical transmittance is greater than 0.1, and evaporating area optical transmittance is greater than 0.8, and based on trajectory photon.For above-mentioned reasons, atomization measurement at present faces two difficult points, the first, near field region, and spraying area center and peripheral optical transmittance difference about 10
2~ 10
5doubly, be difficult to when therefore measuring obtain near field region whole audience structural drawing clearly simultaneously.Second, because the optical transmittance difference near field region and other region is too large, therefore same measurement means cannot be used, all adopt different measuring methods to measure respectively at present, but due to spray atomization process be the process that a change in time and space is very violent, the near field region therefore recorded by means of different and the flow field structure in other region do not have correlativity.Based on an above-mentioned difficult problem, current atomization measurement means cannot obtain the whole audience transient buildup of spray atomization process simultaneously, cannot reflect real spray atomization process.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of spray based on photon temporal filtering technique atomization measurement of full field device and method, utilize the variable decay technique of trajectory photon time gating technique, transmitance and transmitance spatial distribution structure to realize spray and be atomized measurement of full field, for obtaining engine spray atomization whole audience transient buildup.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Based on a spray atomization measurement of full field device for photon temporal filtering technique, comprise femto-second laser, beam splitter, the polarizer, variable rectangular diaphragm, beam-expanding system, target injection device, first convex lens, light kerr medium, analyzer, second convex lens, transmitance and the variable attenuator of spatial distribution structure thereof, ICOMS camera, half-wave plate, light path chronotron, first catoptron, second catoptron, optical beam dump, sequential control system, computing machine, sequential control system controls femto-second laser and ICOMS camera, computing machine control ICMOS collected by camera stores view data and controls light path chronotron, the femtosecond laser that femto-second laser exports is divided into two bundles through beam splitter, respectively as imaging beam and gate light beam, gate light beam passes through half-wave plate successively, light path chronotron, first catoptron, second catoptron and light kerr medium, finally arrive optical beam dump, imaging beam passes through the polarizer successively, variable rectangular diaphragm, beam-expanding system, target injection device, first convex lens, light kerr medium, analyzer, second convex lens, transmitance and the variable attenuator of spatial distribution structure thereof, finally reach ICOMS camera.
Utilize said apparatus to obtain the method for spray atomization flow field full field image information, realized by following steps:
Step one: utilize femto-second laser to export 800nm femtosecond laser.
Step 2: utilize beam splitter that femtosecond laser is divided into two bundles by 1: 1, respectively as imaging beam and gate light beam, imaging beam is used for spray field imaging, and gate light beam is for triggering light Ke Ermen.
Step 3: gate light beam by half-wave plate, light path chronotron, the first catoptron, the second catoptron and light kerr medium, finally arrives optical beam dump successively.
Step 4: imaging beam is shaped as the variable rectangular light spot of length breadth ratio by (1) variable rectangular diaphragm and beam-expanding system, whole spray fields of effective coverage goal ejector filler; (2) imaging beam is by the spray field of target injection device, forms the trajectory photon and the noise (snake photon and diffuse photon) that carry spray field information; (3) define light Ke Ermen by the polarizer, analyzer and light kerr medium, realize the time-domain filtering to imaging beam, by diffuse photon and the filtering of snake photon; (4) apply transmitance and the variable attenuator of spatial distribution structure thereof by whole audience trajectory photon homogenising, the trajectory photon number density making to arrive the near field region of ICMOS camera and other region is suitable; (5) apply ICOMS camera and receive trajectory photon, form spray field full field image clearly.
Step 5: utilize sequential control system simultaneously to control femto-second laser and ICOMS camera, when guaranteeing that imaging beam arrives ICMOS camera, camera is in running order, and at the end of imaging beam, camera stops receiving data immediately.
Step 6: profit computerized control ICMOS collected by camera store view data; Simultaneously profit is computerizedd control light path chronotron, realizes the time-domain filtering to imaging beam.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, utilize optical kerr effect as temporal filtering technique, trajectory photon is chosen imaging, and then obtain spray field structural drawing clearly.
2, utilize variable rectangular diaphragm and beam-expanding system, be the variable rectangular light spot of length breadth ratio by beam shaping, effectively cover whole spray field.
3, transmitance and the variable attenuator of spatial distribution structure thereof is applied, make the near field region arriving ICMOS camera suitable with the trajectory photon number density in other region, thus obtain spray field full field image clearly simultaneously, solve the difficult problem that simultaneously can not obtain spray field whole audience information at present.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is collision ejector filler spray atomization field structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the spray atomization measurement of full field device schematic diagram based on photon temporal filtering technique;
Fig. 3 is variable rectangular diaphragm schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the variable attenuator of transmitance and spatial distribution structure thereof;
In figure, 1, femto-second laser; 2, beam splitter; 3, the polarizer; 4, variable rectangular diaphragm; 5, beam-expanding system; 6, target injection device; 7, the first convex lens; 8, light kerr medium; 9, analyzer; 10, the second convex lens; 11, transmitance and the variable attenuator of spatial distribution structure thereof; 12, ICOMS camera; 13, half-wave plate; 14, light path chronotron; 15, the first catoptron; 16, the second catoptron; 17, optical beam dump; 18, sequential control system; 19 computing machines.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is further described; but be not limited thereto; everyly technical solution of the present invention modified or equivalent to replace, and not departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one: as Fig. 2, shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the atomization of the spray based on the photon temporal filtering technique measurement of full field device that present embodiment provides is by femto-second laser 1, beam splitter 2, the polarizer 3, variable rectangular diaphragm 4, beam-expanding system 5, target injection device 6, first convex lens 7, light kerr medium 8, analyzer 9, second convex lens 10, transmitance and the variable attenuator 11 of spatial distribution structure thereof, ICOMS camera 12, half-wave plate 13, light path chronotron 14, first catoptron 15, second catoptron 16, optical beam dump 17, sequential control system 18 and computing machine 19 are formed.
The femtosecond laser that femto-second laser 1 exports is divided into two bundles through beam splitter 2, respectively as imaging beam and gate light beam, gate light beam is successively by half-wave plate 13, light path chronotron 14, first catoptron 15, second catoptron 16 and light kerr medium 8, finally arrive optical beam dump 17, imaging beam by the attenuator 11 that the polarizer 3, variable rectangular diaphragm 4, beam-expanding system 5, target injection device 6, first convex lens 7, light kerr medium 8, analyzer 9, second convex lens 10, transmitance and spatial distribution structure thereof are variable, finally reaches ICOMS camera 12 successively.
In order to ensure that ICMOS phase function effectively obtains spray field image, and effectively reduce ground unrest interference, the present invention adopts sequential control system 18 to control femto-second laser 1 and ICOMS camera 12, when guaranteeing that imaging beam arrives ICMOS camera 12, camera 12 is in running order, at the end of imaging beam, camera 12 stops receiving data immediately.The collection of computing machine 19 control ICMOS camera 12 stores view data and controls light path chronotron 14.
In present embodiment, femto-second laser 1 Output of laser energy is 05-2mJ, and repetition is 0.1-10kHz, and Output of laser centre wavelength is 800nm, and pulsewidth is 40-100fs, and Output of laser is line polarization light.
In present embodiment, ICOMS camera 12 is image intensifying type COMS camera, and frame frequency is 0.1-10kHz, and resolution is greater than 256 × 256, gathers gate-width and is less than 20ns.
In present embodiment, in order to effectively utilize imaging beam energy and ensure that imaging beam energy distribution is even, devise variable rectangular diaphragm 4.As shown in Figure 3, by four high-strength black taggers, (thickness is 1mm to variable rectangular diaphragm, length is 30mm, width is 10mm) composition, horizontal and vertical each two panels, every sheet iron plate can move along diaphragm axis independence and freedom, thus light hole length and width can independence and freedom be regulated, length and wide variety scope are 1-10mm, and length breadth ratio variation range is 1-10.
In present embodiment, it is 1-10 that beam-expanding system 5 expands rate.
In present embodiment, target injection device 6 can be ejector filler or the simulation ejector filler of the various engines such as punching engine, turbine engine, detonation engine, rocket engine and motor car engine.
In present embodiment, the polarizer 3 is vertical with analyzer 9 polarization direction.
In present embodiment, devise transmitance and the variable attenuator 11 of spatial distribution structure thereof, can make in same observation scope, photon number density differs greatly (difference 10-10
5zones of different homogenising doubly), makes the near field region arriving ICMOS camera 12 suitable with the trajectory photon number density in other region, thus obtains spray field full field image clearly simultaneously.As shown in Figure 4, transmitance and the variable attenuator 11 of spatial distribution structure thereof are made up of the attenuator organizing transmitance different more, A, B, C are different according to measurement target with D district, transmitance and region area variable, in actual application, first should measure the shape of zones of different, area and transmitance, then design its design parameter.Generally speaking, near field region (B), transmitance is greater than 0.9, and attenuator is trapezoidal, and upper bottom side length is 1-5mm, and the length of side of going to the bottom is 1-10mm, and height is 1-20mm; Spray field exterior domain (A), transmitance is 10
-2~ 10
-5, be the trapezoidal attenuator composition of two panels homalographic, upper bottom side length is 22-25mm, and the length of side of going to the bottom is 1-25mm, is highly 50mm; Secondary-atomizing district (C), transmitance is 10
-1~ 10
-4, attenuator is trapezoidal, and upper bottom side length is 1-10mm, and the length of side of going to the bottom is 1-30mm, is highly 1-20mm; Evaporating area (D), transmitance is 1.2 times of A district, and attenuator is trapezoidal, and upper bottom side length is 1-30mm, and the length of side of going to the bottom is 1-50mm, is highly 1-40mm.
Present embodiment, the first convex lens 7 and the second convex lens 10 constitute contracting beam system, and contracting bundle rate is 0.1-1.
Present embodiment, light path chronotron 14 is for regulating the time delay of imaging beam and gate light beam, and range of adjustment 1-1000 psec, degree of regulation is 0.1 psec.
Embodiment two: present embodiment utilizes device described in embodiment one can obtain the transient state full field image of spray field simultaneously, is realized by following steps:
Step one: utilize femto-second laser to export 800nm femtosecond laser.
Step 2: utilize beam splitter that femtosecond laser is divided into two bundles by 1: 1, respectively as imaging beam and gate light beam, imaging beam is used for spray field imaging, and gate light beam is for triggering light Ke Ermen.
Step 3: gate light beam, successively by half-wave plate 13, light path chronotron 14, first catoptron 15, second catoptron 16 and light kerr medium 8, finally arrives optical beam dump 17.Half-wave plate 13, for changing the polarization direction of gate light beam, guarantees the angle at 45 °, polarization direction of gate light beam and imaging beam; Light path chronotron 14 is for regulating the time delay of imaging beam and gate light beam; Gate light beam is induced by light kerr medium 8 and is produced the duration and be approximately the time gate of 1 ~ 2 psec, imaging beam only at this moment in can pass through and arrive ICOMS camera 12, thus realize the time gated of trajectory photon in imaging beam.
Step 4: imaging beam passes through the variable attenuator 11 of the polarizer 3, variable rectangular diaphragm 4, beam-expanding system 5, target injection device 6, convex lens 7, light kerr medium 8, analyzer 9, first convex lens 10, transmitance and spatial distribution structure thereof successively; Finally reach ICOMS camera 12.First, beam shaping is the variable rectangular light spot of length breadth ratio by variable rectangular diaphragm 4 and beam-expanding system 5, whole spray fields of effective coverage goal ejector filler 6.Then, imaging beam, by the spray field of target injection device 6, defines the trajectory photon and noise (snake photon and diffuse photon) that carry spray field information.Then, define light Ke Ermen by the polarizer 3, analyzer 9 with light kerr medium 8, realize the time-domain filtering to imaging beam, by diffuse photon and the filtering of snake photon.Then, application transmitance and the variable attenuator 11 of spatial distribution structure thereof are by whole audience trajectory photon homogenising, and the trajectory photon number density making to arrive the near field region of ICMOS camera 12 and other region is suitable.Finally, application ICOMS camera 12 receives trajectory photon, forms spray field full field image clearly.
Step 5: utilize sequential control system 18 simultaneously to control femto-second laser 1 and ICOMS camera 12, when guaranteeing that imaging beam arrives ICMOS camera 12, camera 12 is in running order, and at the end of imaging beam, camera 12 stops receiving data immediately.
Step 6: utilize the collection of computing machine 19 control ICMOS camera 12 to store view data; Utilize computing machine 19 to control light path chronotron 14 simultaneously, realize the time-domain filtering to imaging beam.
Claims (10)
1., based on a spray atomization measurement of full field device for photon temporal filtering technique, it is characterized in that described device is by femto-second laser, beam splitter, the polarizer, variable rectangular diaphragm, beam-expanding system, target injection device, first convex lens, light kerr medium, analyzer, second convex lens, transmitance and the variable attenuator of spatial distribution structure thereof, ICOMS camera, half-wave plate, light path chronotron, first catoptron, second catoptron, optical beam dump, sequential control system and computing machine are formed, sequential control system controls femto-second laser and ICOMS camera, computing machine control ICMOS collected by camera stores view data and controls light path chronotron, the femtosecond laser that femto-second laser exports is divided into two bundles through beam splitter, respectively as imaging beam and gate light beam, gate light beam passes through half-wave plate successively, light path chronotron, first catoptron, second catoptron and light kerr medium, finally arrive optical beam dump, imaging beam passes through the polarizer successively, variable rectangular diaphragm, beam-expanding system, target injection device, first convex lens, light kerr medium, analyzer, second convex lens, transmitance and the variable attenuator of spatial distribution structure thereof, finally reach ICOMS camera.
2. the atomization of the spray based on photon temporal filtering technique measurement of full field device according to claim 1, is characterized in that the rate that expands of described beam-expanding system is 1-10; Described first convex lens and the second convex lens composition contracting beam system, contracting bundle rate is 0.1-1.
3. the atomization of the spray based on photon temporal filtering technique measurement of full field device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described femto-second laser Output of laser energy is 05-2mJ, repetition is 0.1-10kHz, Output of laser centre wavelength is 800nm, pulsewidth is 40-100fs, and Output of laser is line polarization light.
4. the atomization of the spray based on photon temporal filtering technique measurement of full field device according to claim 1, described in it is characterized in that, ICOMS camera is image intensifying type COMS camera, and frame frequency is 0.1-10kHz, resolution is greater than 256 × 256, gathers gate-width and is less than 20ns.
5. the atomization of the spray based on photon temporal filtering technique measurement of full field device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described variable rectangular diaphragm is made up of four black taggers, horizontal and vertical each two panels, every sheet iron plate can move along diaphragm axis independence and freedom, length and wide variety scope are 1-10mm, and length breadth ratio variation range is 1-10.
6. the atomization of the spray based on photon temporal filtering technique measurement of full field device according to claim 1, is characterized in that described target injection device is ejector filler or the simulation ejector filler of various engine.
7. the atomization of the spray based on photon temporal filtering technique measurement of full field device according to claim 1, is characterized in that the described polarizer is vertical with analyzer polarization direction.
8. the atomization of the spray based on photon temporal filtering technique measurement of full field device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described light path chronotron is for regulating the time delay of imaging beam and gate light beam, range of adjustment 1-1000 psec, degree of regulation is 0.1 psec.
9. the atomization of the spray based on photon temporal filtering technique measurement of full field device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described transmitance and the variable attenuator of spatial distribution structure thereof are made up of the attenuator organizing transmitance different more, at near field region B, transmitance is greater than 0.9, attenuator is trapezoidal, upper bottom side length is 1-5mm, and the length of side of going to the bottom is 1-10mm, and height is 1-20mm; At spray field exterior domain A, transmitance is 10
-2~ 10
-5, be made up of the trapezoidal attenuator of two panels homalographic, upper bottom side length is 22-25mm, and the length of side of going to the bottom is 1-25mm, is highly 50mm; At secondary-atomizing district C, transmitance is 10
-1~ 10
-4, attenuator is trapezoidal, and upper bottom side length is 1-10mm, and the length of side of going to the bottom is 1-30mm, is highly 1-20mm; At evaporating area D, transmitance is 1.2 times of A district, and attenuator is trapezoidal, and upper bottom side length is 1-30mm, and the length of side of going to the bottom is 1-50mm, is highly 1-40mm.
10. utilize the method obtaining spray atomization flow field full field image information described in claim 1 based on the spray atomization measurement of full field device of photon temporal filtering technique, it is characterized in that described method is realized by following steps:
Step one: utilize femto-second laser to export 800nm femtosecond laser;
Step 2: utilize beam splitter that femtosecond laser is divided into two bundles by 1: 1, respectively as imaging beam and gate light beam, imaging beam is used for spray field imaging, and gate light beam is for triggering light Ke Ermen;
Step 3: gate light beam by half-wave plate, light path chronotron, the first catoptron, the second catoptron and light kerr medium, finally arrives optical beam dump successively;
Step 4: imaging beam is shaped as the variable rectangular light spot of length breadth ratio by (1) variable rectangular diaphragm and beam-expanding system, whole spray fields of effective coverage goal ejector filler; (2) imaging beam is by the spray field of target injection device, forms the trajectory photon and the noise that carry spray field information; (3) define light Ke Ermen by the polarizer, analyzer and light kerr medium, realize the time-domain filtering to imaging beam, by diffuse photon and the filtering of snake photon; (4) apply transmitance and the variable attenuator of spatial distribution structure thereof by whole audience trajectory photon homogenising, the trajectory photon number density making to arrive the near field region of ICMOS camera and other region is suitable; (5) apply ICOMS camera and receive trajectory photon, form spray field full field image clearly;
Step 5: utilize sequential control system simultaneously to control femto-second laser and ICOMS camera, when guaranteeing that imaging beam arrives ICMOS camera, camera is in running order, and at the end of imaging beam, camera stops receiving data immediately;
Step 6: profit computerized control ICMOS collected by camera store view data; Simultaneously profit is computerizedd control light path chronotron, realizes the time-domain filtering to imaging beam.
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