CN104897530B - A kind of spray atomization measurement of full field device and method based on photon temporal filtering technique - Google Patents
A kind of spray atomization measurement of full field device and method based on photon temporal filtering technique Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Measurement of full field device and method is atomized the invention discloses a kind of spray based on photon temporal filtering technique, and described device is made up of femto-second laser, beam splitter, the polarizer, variable rectangular diaphragm, beam-expanding system, target injection device, the first convex lens, light kerr medium, analyzer, the second convex lens, transmitance and its variable attenuator, ICOMS cameras, half-wave plate, light path delayer, the first speculum, the second speculum, optical beam dump, sequential control system and the computer of spatial distribution structure.Trajectory photon is chosen imaging by the present invention using optical kerr effect, and then obtains field pattern of clearly spraying；Using variable rectangular diaphragm and beam-expanding system, it is the variable rectangular light spot of length-width ratio by beam shaping, effectively covers whole spray fields；Using the variable attenuator of transmitance and its spatial distribution structure, so as to get the trajectory photon number density up to the near field region of ICMOS cameras and other regions is suitable, so as to obtain clearly spray field full field image simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laser measurement field, is related to a kind of engine ejector filler spray based on photon temporal filtering technique
Note atomization measurement of full field device and method.
Background technology
Liquid fuel is (hydrocarbon) have easily storage, carry, density is high, unit volume calorific value is high, is easy to practical application etc. excellent
Point, it is widely used in punching engine, turbogenerator, detonation engine, rocket engine and automobile engine etc..Start
Machine liquid fuel spray atomization process plays very crucial effect in whole engine working process, and engine combustion is imitated
Rate, ignition performance and combustion stability have very significant impact.In addition, the designing technique of Modern Engine is mainly applied
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), but the complexity due to combustion process and lack experimental data, CFD model exist it is many not
Foot, it is difficult accurate simulated solution fluid fuel atomization process that one of them main deficiency, which is exactly, and then has influence on whole combustion process
The accuracy of analog simulation.
Spray atomization process can substantially be divided near field region, secondary-atomizing area and evaporating area, as shown in Figure 1.Fuel is near
Liquid crushing and first atomization occur for place, and area's drop size is big, density is high, and very serious suction can occur in the area for photon
Receipts and scattering phenomenon, therefore conventional optical measurement means can not all obtain the information of near field region.At present, near field region, base
In trajectory photon time gating technique (photon temporal filtering technique) imaging measurement method be a kind of very potential measurement side
Method.Need exist for illustrating：When laser beam passes through flow field, because scattering imaging is different, it is broadly divided into three classes, one is trajectory
Photon, directly through flow field, do not scatter, it is consistent with incident light propagation direction, carry information of flow.The second is snake light
Son, when passing through flow field, general 1 to 4 scatterings of experience, they are emitted along incident photon direction, but its angle of divergence is greater than
Trajectory photon.Also a kind of photon undergoes the scattering of more than 5 times, its exit direction and incidence photon is spread when passing through flow field
Direction is unrelated, is emitted with the 4 π angles of divergence, does not carry information of flow, belong to noise.When incident light passes through flow field, arranged in sequential
On row, trajectory photon up front, is followed by snake photon, is finally diffusion photon, can be flowed using its time response by carrying
The trajectory photon of field information chooses.
Secondary-atomizing area (sparse range of atomization) and the optical measurement means that evaporating area drop size is small, density is low, conventional, such as
Shadowing method, PLIF, Mie scattering technology and laser phase Doppler particle analysis technology etc., may be used to the two regions
Measurement.
Because near field region optical transmittance is about 10-210-5, trajectory photon number density is much smaller than diffusion photon.Secondary mist
To change area's optical transmittance and be more than 0.1, evaporating area optical transmittance is more than 0.8, and based on trajectory photon.Due to above-mentioned original
Cause, measurement is atomized at present and faces two difficult points, first, near field region, spraying area center and peripheral optical transmittance differs greatly
About 102~105Times, therefore be difficult to obtain near field region clearly whole audience structure chart simultaneously during measurement.Second, due near field region and its
The optical transmittance difference in its region is too big, therefore can not use same measurement means, is all to use different measurements at present
Method measures respectively, is the very violent process of a change in time and space yet with spray atomization process, therefore pass through different hands
The near field region and the flow field structure in other regions that section measures do not have correlation.Based on above-mentioned problem, current atomization measurement means
The whole audience transient buildup of spray atomization process can not be obtained simultaneously, can not reflect real spray atomization process.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of spray atomization measurement of full field device based on photon temporal filtering technique and side
Method, spray is realized using trajectory photon time gating technique, transmitance and the variable decay technique of transmitance spatial distribution structure
Measurement of full field is atomized, for obtaining engine spray atomization whole audience transient buildup.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
It is a kind of based on photon temporal filtering technique spray atomization measurement of full field device, including femto-second laser, beam splitter,
The polarizer, variable rectangular diaphragm, beam-expanding system, target injection device, the first convex lens, light kerr medium, analyzer, the second convex lens
Mirror, transmitance and its variable attenuator of spatial distribution structure, ICOMS cameras, half-wave plate, light path delayer, the first speculum,
Second speculum, optical beam dump, sequential control system, computer, sequential control system control femto-second laser and ICOMS phases
Machine, computer control ICMOS cameras collection storage image data and control light path delayer, the femtosecond of femto-second laser output swash
Light is divided into two beams through beam splitter, and respectively as imaging beam and gate light beam, gate light beam passes sequentially through half-wave plate, light path delay
Device, the first speculum, the second speculum and light kerr medium, optical beam dump is finally reached, imaging beam, which passes sequentially through, to be polarized
Device, variable rectangular diaphragm, beam-expanding system, target injection device, the first convex lens, light kerr medium, analyzer, the second convex lens,
Transmitance and its variable attenuator of spatial distribution structure, finally reach ICOMS cameras.
The method that spray atomization flow field full field image information is obtained using said apparatus, is realized by following steps：
Step 1：800nm femtosecond lasers are exported using femto-second laser.
Step 2：By femtosecond laser it is two beams by 1: 1 point using beam splitter, respectively as imaging beam and gate light beam,
Imaging beam is imaged for spray field, and gate light beam is used to trigger light Kerr-gate.
Step 3：Gate light beam passes sequentially through half-wave plate, light path delayer, the first speculum, the second speculum and light gram
That medium, finally reaches optical beam dump.
Step 4：(1) imaging beam is shaped as the variable rectangular light spot of length-width ratio by variable rectangular diaphragm and beam-expanding system,
Whole spray fields of effective coverage goal ejector filler；(2) imaging beam forms by the spray field of target injection device and carries spraying
The trajectory photon and noise (snake photon and diffusion photon) of field information；(3) formd by the polarizer, analyzer and light kerr medium
Light Kerr-gate, the time-domain filtering to imaging beam is realized, diffusion photon and snake photon are filtered out；(4) transmitance and its sky are applied
Between distributed architecture variable attenuator whole audience trajectory photon is homogenized, so as to get up to the near field region of ICMOS cameras and other areas
The trajectory photon number density in domain is suitable；(5) trajectory photon is received using ICOMS cameras, forms clearly spray field full field image.
Step 5：Femto-second laser and ICOMS cameras are controlled using sequential control system simultaneously, it is ensured that imaging beam reaches
During ICMOS cameras, camera is in running order, and at the end of imaging beam, camera stops receiving data immediately.
Step 6：Profit computerized control ICMOS cameras collection storage image data；Profit is computerizedd control light path simultaneously
Delayer, realize the time-domain filtering to imaging beam.
The invention has the advantages that：
1st, by the use of optical kerr effect as temporal filtering technique, trajectory photon is chosen into imaging, and then obtain clearly
Spraying field pattern.
2nd, using variable rectangular diaphragm and beam-expanding system, it is the variable rectangular light spot of length-width ratio by beam shaping, effectively covers
Cover whole spray fields.
3rd, using the variable attenuator of transmitance and its spatial distribution structure, so as to get up to the near field region of ICMOS cameras and
The trajectory photon number density in other regions is suitable, and so as to obtain clearly spray field full field image simultaneously, solution at present can not be same
When obtain spray field whole audience information problem.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the spray of collision ejector filler is atomized field structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is that the spray based on photon temporal filtering technique is atomized measurement of full field schematic device；
Fig. 3 is variable rectangular diaphragm schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is transmitance and its variable attenuator of spatial distribution structure；
In figure, 1, femto-second laser；2nd, beam splitter；3rd, the polarizer；4th, variable rectangular diaphragm；5th, beam-expanding system；6th, target
Ejector filler；7th, the first convex lens；8th, light kerr medium；9th, analyzer；10th, the second convex lens；11st, transmitance and its spatial distribution
The attenuator of structurally variable；12nd, ICOMS cameras；13rd, half-wave plate；14th, light path delayer；15th, the first speculum；16th, second is anti-
Penetrate mirror；17th, optical beam dump；18th, sequential control system；19 computers.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but is not limited thereto, it is every to this
Inventive technique scheme is modified or equivalent substitution, without departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, all should cover
In protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one：As shown in Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4, present embodiment provide based on photon time-domain filtering skill
The spray of art is atomized measurement of full field device by femto-second laser 1, beam splitter 2, the polarizer 3, variable rectangular diaphragm 4, beam-expanding system
5th, target injection device 6, the first convex lens 7, light kerr medium 8, analyzer 9, the second convex lens 10, transmitance and its spatial distribution
Attenuator 11, ICOMS cameras 12, half-wave plate 13, light path delayer 14, the first speculum 15, the second speculum of structurally variable
16th, optical beam dump 17, sequential control system 18 and computer 19 are formed.
The femtosecond laser that femto-second laser 1 exports is divided to for two beams through beam splitter 2, respectively as imaging beam and gate light
Beam, gate light beam pass sequentially through half-wave plate 13, light path delayer 14, the first speculum 15, the second speculum 16 and light Ke Er and are situated between
Matter 8, finally reaches optical beam dump 17, and imaging beam passes sequentially through the polarizer 3, variable rectangular diaphragm 4, beam-expanding system 5, target
Ejector filler 6, the first convex lens 7, light kerr medium 8, analyzer 9, the second convex lens 10, transmitance and its spatial distribution structure can
The attenuator 11 of change, finally reaches ICOMS cameras 12.
In order to ensure that ICMOS phases function effectively obtains spraying field picture, and ambient noise interference is effectively reduced, the present invention adopts
Femto-second laser 1 and ICOMS cameras 12 are controlled with sequential control system 18, it is ensured that when imaging beam reaches ICMOS cameras 12, phase
Machine 12 is in running order, and at the end of imaging beam, camera 12 stops receiving data immediately.Computer 19 controls ICMOS phases
Machine 12 gathers storage image data and control light path delayer 14.
In present embodiment, it is 05-2mJ, repetition 0.1-10kHz that femto-second laser 1, which exports laser energy, exports laser
Centre wavelength is 800nm, pulsewidth 40-100fs, and output laser is line polarization light.
In present embodiment, ICOMS cameras 12 are image intensifying type COMS cameras, frame frequency 0.1-10kHz, and resolution ratio is more than
256 × 256, collection gate-width is less than 20ns.
In present embodiment, in order to effectively utilize imaging beam energy and ensure that imaging beam Energy distribution is uniform, design
Variable rectangular diaphragm 4.As shown in figure 3, variable rectangular diaphragm is by four high-strength black taggers, (thickness 1mm, length are
30mm, width 10mm) form, horizontal and vertical each two panels, every iron plate can move along diaphragm axis independence and freedom, so as to
So that light hole length and width can be adjusted with independence and freedom, length and width excursion is 1-10mm, and length-width ratio changes model
Enclose for 1-10.
In present embodiment, it is 1-10 that beam-expanding system 5, which expands rate,.
In present embodiment, target injection device 6 can be punching engine, turbogenerator, detonation engine, rocket motor
The ejector filler or simulation ejector filler of the various engines such as machine and automobile engine.
In present embodiment, the polarizer 3 is vertical with the polarization direction of analyzer 9.
In present embodiment, transmitance and its variable attenuator 11 of spatial distribution structure are devised, can be caused same
In one observation scope, photon number density, which differs greatly, (differs 10-105Different zones homogenization again), so as to get up to ICMOS phases
The trajectory photon number density in the near field region of machine 12 and other regions is suitable, so as to obtain clearly spray field full field image simultaneously.
As shown in figure 4, transmitance and its variable attenuator 11 of spatial distribution structure are made up of the different attenuator of multigroup transmitance, A,
B, C with D areas are different according to measurement target, and transmitance and region area are variable, in actual application, should measure difference first
Shape, area and the transmitance in region, then design its design parameter.In general, near field region (B), transmitance is more than
0.9, attenuator is trapezoidal, a length of 1-5mm in upper bottom edge, a length of 1-10mm in bottom, a height of 1-20mm；Spraying out of bounds areas (A),
Transmitance is 10-2~10-5, it is that the trapezoidal attenuator of two panels homalographic forms, a length of 22-25mm in upper bottom edge, a length of 1- in bottom
25mm, it is highly 50mm；Secondary-atomizing area (C), transmitance 10-1~10-4, attenuator is trapezoidal, a length of 1- in upper bottom edge
10mm, a length of 1-30mm in bottom, it is highly 1-20mm；Evaporating area (D), transmitance are 1.2 times of A areas, attenuator be it is trapezoidal,
The a length of 1-30mm in upper bottom edge, a length of 1-50mm in bottom, it is highly 1-40mm.
Present embodiment, the first convex lens 7 and the second convex lens 10 constitute shrink beam system, and shrink beam rate is 0.1-1.
Present embodiment, light path delayer 14 are used to adjust imaging beam and gate the delay of light beam, adjustable range 1-
1000 psecs, degree of regulation are 0.1 psec.
Embodiment two：Present embodiment can obtain spray field simultaneously using the described device of embodiment one
Transient state full field image, realized by following steps：
Step 1：800nm femtosecond lasers are exported using femto-second laser.
Step 2：By femtosecond laser it is two beams by 1: 1 point using beam splitter, respectively as imaging beam and gate light beam,
Imaging beam is imaged for spray field, and gate light beam is used to trigger light Kerr-gate.
Step 3：Gate light beam passes sequentially through half-wave plate 13, light path delayer 14, the first speculum 15, the second speculum
16 and light kerr medium 8, finally reach optical beam dump 17.Half-wave plate 13 is used for the polarization direction for changing gate light beam, it is ensured that
Gate the polarization direction angle at 45 ° of light beam and imaging beam；Light path delayer 14 is used to adjust imaging beam and gates light beam
Delay；Gate light beam induces the time gate for producing that the duration is about 1~2 psec by light kerr medium 8, and imaging beam is only
Within this time can by and reach ICOMS cameras 12, so as to realize the time gated of trajectory photon in imaging beam.
Step 4：Imaging beam passes sequentially through the polarizer 3, variable rectangular diaphragm 4, beam-expanding system 5, target injection device 6, convex
Lens 7, light kerr medium 8, analyzer 9, the first convex lens 10, transmitance and its variable attenuator 11 of spatial distribution structure；
Finally reach ICOMS cameras 12.First, beam shaping is the variable rectangle of length-width ratio by variable rectangular diaphragm 4 and beam-expanding system 5
Hot spot, whole spray fields of effective coverage goal ejector filler 6.Then, imaging beam passes through the spray field of target injection device 6, shape
Into the trajectory photon and noise (snake photon and diffusion photon) for carrying spray field information.Then, by the polarizer 3, analyzer 9 with
Light kerr medium 8 forms light Kerr-gate, realizes the time-domain filtering to imaging beam, and diffusion photon and snake photon are filtered out.So
Afterwards, whole audience trajectory photon is homogenized using transmitance and its spatial distribution structure variable attenuator 11, so as to get up to ICMOS
The trajectory photon number density in the near field region of camera 12 and other regions is suitable.Finally, trajectory light is received using ICOMS cameras 12
Son, form clearly spray field full field image.
Step 5：Femto-second laser 1 and ICOMS cameras 12 are controlled using sequential control system 18 simultaneously, it is ensured that imaging
When beam reaches ICMOS cameras 12, camera 12 is in running order, and at the end of imaging beam, camera 12 stops receiving number immediately
According to.
Step 6：ICMOS cameras 12 are controlled to gather storage image data using computer 19；Controlled simultaneously using computer 19
Light path delayer 14 processed, realizes the time-domain filtering to imaging beam.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of spray atomization measurement of full field device based on photon temporal filtering technique, it is characterised in that described device is by femtosecond
Laser, beam splitter, the polarizer, variable rectangular diaphragm, beam-expanding system, target injection device, the first convex lens, light kerr medium,
Analyzer, the second convex lens, transmitance and its variable attenuator of spatial distribution structure, ICOMS cameras, half-wave plate, light path are prolonged
When device, the first speculum, the second speculum, optical beam dump, sequential control system and computer form, sequential control system control
Femto-second laser and ICOMS camera processed, computer control ICMOS cameras collection storage image data and control light path delayer,
The femtosecond laser of femto-second laser output is divided into two beams through beam splitter, respectively as imaging beam and gate light beam, gates light beam
Half-wave plate, light path delayer, the first speculum, the second speculum and light kerr medium are passed sequentially through, finally reaches beam collection
Device, imaging beam pass sequentially through the polarizer, variable rectangular diaphragm, beam-expanding system, target injection device, the first convex lens, Guang Keer
Medium, analyzer, the second convex lens, transmitance and its variable attenuator of spatial distribution structure, finally reach ICOMS cameras；
The beam-expanding system expands rate as 1 ~ 10；Into shrink beam system, shrink beam rate is 0.1 for first convex lens and the second convex lens group
~1；The femto-second laser output laser energy is 05 ~ 2mJ, and repetition is 0.1 ~ 10kHz, and output laser center wavelength is
800nm, pulsewidth are 40 ~ 100fs, and output laser is line polarization light；Described, ICOMS cameras are image intensifying type COMS cameras, frame frequency
For 0.1 ~ 10kHz, resolution ratio is more than 256 × 256, and collection gate-width is less than 20ns；The variable rectangular diaphragm is thin by four black
Iron plate forms, and horizontal and vertical each two panels, every iron plate can move along diaphragm axis independence and freedom, length and width change
Scope is 1 ~ 10mm, and length-width ratio excursion is 1 ~ 10；Ejector filler or simulation spray of the target injection device for various engines
Note device；The polarizer is vertical with analyzer polarization direction；The light path delayer is used to adjust imaging beam and gate light beam
Delay, the psec of adjustable range 1 ~ 1000, degree of regulation is 0.1 psec；The transmitance and its spatial distribution structure are variable
Attenuator is made up of the different attenuator of multigroup transmitance, and near field region B, transmitance is more than 0.9, and attenuator is trapezoidal, upper bottom
The length of side is 1 ~ 5mm, a length of 1 ~ 10mm in bottom, a height of 1 ~ 20mm；In spraying out of bounds areas A, transmitance is 10-2~10-5,
It is made up of the trapezoidal attenuator of two panels homalographic, a length of 22-25mm in upper bottom edge, a length of 1 ~ 25mm in bottom, is highly 50mm；
Secondary-atomizing area C, transmitance are 10-1~10-4, and attenuator is trapezoidal, a length of 1 ~ 10mm in upper bottom edge, bottom a length of 1 ~
30mm, it is highly 1 ~ 20mm；In evaporating area D, transmitance is 1.2 times of A areas, and attenuator is trapezoidal, a length of 1 ~ 30mm in upper bottom edge,
A length of 1 ~ the 50mm in bottom, it is highly 1 ~ 40mm.
2. a kind of be atomized the acquisition spray of measurement of full field device using the spray based on photon temporal filtering technique described in claim 1
It is atomized the method for flow field full field image information, it is characterised in that methods described is realized by following steps：
Step 1：800nm femtosecond lasers are exported using femto-second laser；
Step 2：By femtosecond laser it is two beams by 1: 1 point using beam splitter, respectively as imaging beam and gate light beam, imaging
Light beam is imaged for spray field, and gate light beam is used to trigger light Kerr-gate；
Step 3：Gate light beam passes sequentially through half-wave plate, light path delayer, the first speculum, the second speculum and light Ke Er and is situated between
Matter, finally reach optical beam dump；
Step 4：(1) imaging beam is shaped as the variable rectangular light spot of length-width ratio by variable rectangular diaphragm and beam-expanding system, effectively
Whole spray fields of coverage goal ejector filler；(2) imaging beam forms by the spray field of target injection device and carries spray field letter
The trajectory photon and noise of breath；(3) light Kerr-gate is formd by the polarizer, analyzer and light kerr medium, realized to imaging
The time-domain filtering of beam, diffusion photon and snake photon are filtered out；(4) using the variable attenuator of transmitance and its spatial distribution structure
Whole audience trajectory photon is homogenized, so as to get up to the trajectory photon number density phase of the near field region of ICMOS cameras and other regions
When；(5) trajectory photon is received using ICOMS cameras, forms clearly spray field full field image；
Step 5：Femto-second laser and ICOMS cameras are controlled using sequential control system simultaneously, it is ensured that imaging beam reaches
During ICMOS cameras, camera is in running order, and at the end of imaging beam, camera stops receiving data immediately；
Step 6：Profit computerized control ICMOS cameras collection storage image data；Simultaneously profit computerized control light path delay
Device, realize the time-domain filtering to imaging beam.
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| CN110739602B (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-12-29 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队航天工程大学 | Pre-mixing type carbon dioxide pneumatic laser driven by pulse detonation rocket combustion |
| CN111636989B (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2021-06-25 | 北京理工大学 | Measuring device for ignition and combustion lag period of jet spray at high and low temperatures |
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