CN103453809A - Water-mist dust settling method implemented during blast excavation for large-scale underground project - Google Patents
Water-mist dust settling method implemented during blast excavation for large-scale underground project Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water-mist dust settling method implemented during blast excavation for a large-scale underground project. The water-mist dust settling method include steps of 1), forming main blast holes in a blast excavation area of an underground cavern, placing a row of elongated water bags made of polyethylene materials at positions close to a working plane or between a first row of the main blast holes and a second row of the main blast holes, and arranging emulsion explosive packages under the water bags; 2), connecting the emulsion explosive packages under the water bags into a detonation network; 3), completing preparation for blast work in the blast excavation area, enabling detonation conditions to be met, and then filling water into the water bags until the water is uniformly filled in the water bags; 4), detonating and forming water mist to absorb dust generated during blasting of rocks, and settling the dust under the effect of the gravity. The size of each water bag is 6-10X0.5-0.9X0.13-0.16, and the distance between each two adjacent water bags is 2-4m. In order to guarantee convenience in recycling the water bags after blasting and a good water-mist effect, the emulsion explosive packages under the water bags need to be equidistantly and uniformly arranged under the water bags, and simultaneous detonation of the emulsion explosive packages needs to be guaranteed to the greatest extent. When the emulsion explosive packages are connected into the network, the detonation time of the emulsion explosive packages is 25-50ms ahead of the detonation time of the corresponding main blast holes which are detonated at first.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the engineering explosion technical field, be specifically related to a kind of water mist dust removal method of underground engineering Blasting Excavation, particularly water mist dust removal method in the large underground hole group blast working.
Background technology
In the Blasting Excavation of underground engineering, because bursting work is frequent, narrow space, the dust that explosion produces is long-term the suspension and drift in air, is difficult to dissipate, and site for labour, environmental and human health impacts are formed to very large harm.At present, only depend on the methods such as ventilation and improvement blasting construction process, be difficult to meet the demand of underground engineering.And the main component of blasting dust is SiO
2, clay and silicates material etc., hydrophily is stronger, so wet type depositing dust method has become the main depositing dust means in various blasting engineerings gradually.The wet type depositing dust mainly contains the high-pressure fog method, water stemming stops up the methods such as method, foam dust suppression method, blast water mist dust fall method, and these methods are mainly used in demolition blasting and underground blasting mining at present.The emphasis that high-pressure fog method and water stemming stop up method is to spray and form water smoke absorption dust by water stemming explosion or high-pressure water pipe.Foam dust suppression method emphasis is to utilize foam coverage explosion section, and during explosion, lather collapse forms droplet absorption dust.These three kinds of methods are implemented more difficult, and cost is higher, is difficult to be applied in the bursting work of underground engineering.Be by hang or cover water bag on buildings or structures to be removed and be applied to its emphasis of blast water mist dust fall method in demolition blasting, ignite the dust that water bag forms water smoke on a large scale and adsorbs demolition blasting.Due to the normally outdoor skyscraper of the object of demolition blasting, the Dust Capacity that onepull produces is larger, and the dust coverage is also larger, therefore usually needs a large amount of water bags to reach the effect of depositing dust.And, for underground engineering, its space is narrower and small, bursting work is comparatively frequent, and parallel excavated surface is more, and blasting dust is difficult to dissipate, but its measurements for reduction must be implemented convenience, the less prolonged application of cost and obvious dust-laying effect is arranged.There is no at present the dust-removing method of the underground engineering that meets these requirements.Therefore according to the characteristics of underground engineering, take the water mist dust fall principle as basis, research meets the dust-removing method of underground engineering depositing dust requirement.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly the situation according to above-mentioned prior art, for more than height 10m, need the normal deep-hole-bench explosion adopted in the underground engineering of stage excavation, a kind of water mist dust removal method of underground engineering Blasting Excavation is provided, can effectively reduce blasting dust, with the air quality that improves construction environment the health and safety that guarantees the workmen.
Technical scheme of the present invention: the water mist dust removal method step of a kind of underground engineering Blasting Excavation of the present invention is as follows:
1) arrange main blast hole on underground chamber Blasting Excavation zone after, between near the scope of operation or first row master blast hole and second row master blast hole, place the water bag that platoon leader's bar shaped polythene material is made, settle the emulsion cartridge bag under water bag;
2) emulsion cartridge bag under water bag is linked to blasting circuit;
3) in the bursting work of Blasting Excavation district, prepare to finish, after possessing initiation conditions, toward water filling in water bag, until water evenly is covered with water bag;
4) detonate and form the dust that water smoke absorption rock blasting produces, and sedimentation under Action of Gravity Field.
Described water bag size is 6 ~ 10 * 0.5 ~ 0.9 * 0.13 ~ 0.16, and the spacing between water bag is 2～4m.In order to guarantee conveniently to reclaim and guarantee the water smoke effect after the water bag explosion, under water bag, the emulsion cartridge bag must uniformly-spaced be evenly arranged under water bag, and guarantees as far as possible to detonate simultaneously, and its dose is unsuitable excessive also unsuitable too small, 4～7 of general emulsion cartridge bags, each dose 30～50g.
In order to guarantee that under water bag, cartridge bag does not affect propagation of explosion networking, earth's surface and not acceptor's blast hole explosion impact, while connecting networking, the emulsion cartridge bag burst time shifts to an earlier date 25 ~ 50ms than the main blast hole burst time of at first detonating.
After described step 4) explosion, reclaim water bag before rock ballast digs the running industry, and repaired in time, recycle in upper once explosion.
As the wide 20m of underground cave depot, single excavation drilling depth 8m, step excavation height 9.5m, main blast hole has four rows, 5 holes of every row, and excavation contoured surface place is the presplit blasting hole, establish cushion hole between presplit blasting hole and main blast hole, closing on edge two 6m * 0.9m of the wide layout of cave depot * 0.15m water bag between front two rounds of the scope of operation, spacing 4m between water bag, each water bag is 2m to the abutment wall distance.
Insert MS1 section on-electric detonator under described water bag in each emulsion cartridge bag, and draw payment to a porter connection the one MS15 section on-electric detonator, then the payment to a porter of a MS15 section on-electric detonator is connected with instantaneous detonator; What in main blast hole, detonate at first is explosive insertion the 2nd MS15 section on-electric detonator in the ，Gai Kong hole, hole of first row middle, and the 2nd MS15 section on-electric detonator payment to a porter is connected with MS3 section on-electric detonator, then the payment to a porter of MS3 section on-electric detonator is connected with instantaneous detonator; Under this initiation net, the nominal burst time of the main blast hole at first detonated is 930ms after instantaneous detonator is ignited, and under water bag, the nominal burst time of emulsion cartridge bag is 880ms after instantaneous detonator is ignited.
Advantage of the present invention: the present invention can directly utilize the blast of a small amount of strip water bag and form water smoke, to reduce the dust concentration of cave depot.With the blast water mist dust removal method in outdoor demolition blasting, compare, the present invention is closely in conjunction with the characteristics of Underground Engineering Excavation, it is convenient to implement, cost is lower, water bag is quick-fried rear recyclable, and both economical environmental protection has dust-laying effect preferably, and can prolonged application in the explosion cycle operation, reach the purpose of controlling whole cave depot dust concentration.
The present invention is directed to that underground engineering Blasting Excavation borehole blasting operation is frequent, narrow space, blasting dust be difficult to the characteristics such as dissipation, the utilization water smoke that water bag blast forms that is filled with water, the large tracts of land dust that absorption, trapping explosion produce, and sedimentation under Action of Gravity Field, significantly to reduce blasting dust, guarantee construction environment and workmen's health and safety.The present invention can be used in the excavation project of the industry underground chambers such as Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering, traffic, mine, oil reserve or tunnel.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The layout schematic diagram that Fig. 1 is water bag Bao district is the top view of looking down from the cave depot top.
Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is emulsion cartridge bag and on-electric detonator layout schematic diagram under water bag.
Fig. 4 is blasting circuit figure of the present invention.Fig. 5 is for adopting the present invention and not adopting quick-fried rear dust concentration comparison diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further introduced.
The blasting circuit figure of the embodiment that Fig. 4 is this dust-removing method.
This underground cavern adopts the deep-hole-bench explosion to carry out the full width excavation, the wide 20m of cave depot, single excavation drilling depth 8m, shoulder height 9.5m, main blast hole has four rounds, 5 main blast holes of every row, and excavation contoured surface place is the presplit blasting hole, establish cushion hole between presplit blasting hole and main blast hole, as shown in accompanying drawing 1, Fig. 2.Carry out successively following steps according to the present invention: in accompanying drawing, the 1-scope of operation (free face); 2-master's blast hole; The 3-cushion hole; The pre-ceasma of 4-; The 5-water bag; 6-emulsion cartridge bag; 7-MS1 section on-electric detonator; Detonator payment to a porter in the 8-water bag; The 9-instantaneous detonator; 10-MS15 section on-electric detonator; 11-MS3 section on-electric detonator; 12-MS5 section on-electric detonator; 13-MS7 section on-electric detonator.In figure, in main blast hole and cushion hole, detonator all adopts MS15 section on-electric detonator.
1, arrange water bag
As shown in accompanying drawing 1, Fig. 2: the place in smooth the quick-fried district of cave depot, closing between front two rounds of the scope of operation two the 6m * 0.9m * 0.15m water bag (5) that is arranged side by side, spacing 4m between water bag, each water bag is 2m to the abutment wall distance.Form the about 6m of water smoke height after water bag of the present invention blast, action time about 2s, coverage is roughly 100m
2(along water bag length direction and vertical water bag length direction, being 10m), in practical application, water bag size of the present invention, quantity should be determined according to the size of excavation zone and muckpile scope.
2, settle the emulsion cartridge bag
As shown in Figure 3: by the emulsion cartridge bag 6 of four 50g, uniformly-spaced be arranged in uniformly under water bag, the interior insertion of each emulsion cartridge bag 6 MS1 section on-electric detonator 7 under water bag in each cartridge bag, and draw payment to a porter 8 connection the one MS15 section on-electric detonators 10, then the payment to a porter of a MS15 section on-electric detonator 10 is connected with instantaneous detonator 9; What in main blast hole, detonate at first is the hole of first row middle, in this hole, hole, explosive inserts the 2nd MS15 section on-electric detonator, the 2nd MS15 section on-electric detonator payment to a porter is connected with MS3 section on-electric detonator 11, then the payment to a porter of MS3 section on-electric detonator 11 is connected with instantaneous detonator 9;
3, networked detonation:
Blasting circuit is as shown in Figure 4: fill with water in water bag, networked detonation.Under this initiation net, under water bag, the emulsion cartridge bag is done sth. in advance 50ms than the main blast hole at first detonated and is detonated.The nominal burst time of the main blast hole at first detonated is 930ms after instantaneous detonator 9 is ignited, and under water bag, the nominal burst time of emulsion cartridge bag 6 is 880ms after instantaneous detonator 9 is ignited.In practical application, emulsion cartridge bag dose can be adjusted according to blasting scale.
4, test quick-fried rear dust concentration.Accompanying drawing 5 is dust concentrations that do not adopt the present invention and quick-fried latter 15 minutes of the present invention quick-fried heap places of employing of utilizing the Dust Testing Instrument test.
Accompanying drawing 5 is for adopting the present invention and not adopting quick-fried rear dust concentration comparison diagram of the present invention: can see and adopting in situation of the present invention, after 15 minutes, mean dust concentration is not than adopting the mean dust concentration in situation of the present invention to reduce by 53% in explosion, and dust concentration is less than 10mg/m
3, dust-laying effect is remarkable.
Other embodiment
At quick-fried rear recovery water bag, to facilitate, recycle.
Claims (8)
1. the water mist dust removal method of a underground engineering Blasting Excavation, step is as follows:
1) arrange main blast hole on underground chamber Blasting Excavation zone after, between near the scope of operation or first row master blast hole and second row master blast hole, place the water bag that platoon leader's bar shaped polythene material is made, settle the emulsion cartridge bag under water bag;
2) emulsion cartridge bag under water bag is linked to blasting circuit;
3) in the bursting work of Blasting Excavation district, prepare to finish, after possessing initiation conditions, toward water filling in water bag, until water evenly is covered with water bag;
4) detonate and form the dust that water smoke absorption rock blasting produces, and sedimentation under Action of Gravity Field.
2. the water mist dust removal method of a kind of underground engineering Blasting Excavation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described water bag size is 6 ~ 10 * 0.5 ~ 0.9 * 0.13 ~ 0.16, the spacing between water bag is 2～4m.In order to guarantee conveniently to reclaim and guarantee the water smoke effect after the water bag explosion, under water bag, the emulsion cartridge bag must uniformly-spaced be evenly arranged under water bag, and guarantees as far as possible to detonate simultaneously, and its dose is unsuitable excessive also unsuitable too small, 4～7 of general emulsion cartridge bags, each dose 30～50g.
3. the water mist dust removal method of a kind of underground engineering Blasting Excavation as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: in order to guarantee that under water bag, cartridge bag does not affect propagation of explosion networking, earth's surface and not acceptor's blast hole explosion impact, while connecting networking, the emulsion cartridge bag burst time shifts to an earlier date 25 ~ 50ms than the main blast hole burst time of at first detonating.
4. the water mist dust removal method of a kind of underground engineering Blasting Excavation as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: after the step 4) explosion, reclaim water bag before rock ballast digs the running industry, and repaired in time, recycle in upper once explosion.
5. the water mist dust removal method of a kind of underground engineering Blasting Excavation as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the wide 20m of underground cavern, single excavation drilling depth 8m, step excavation height 9.5m, main blast hole has four rows, 5 holes of every row, excavation contoured surface place is the presplit blasting hole, establish cushion hole between presplit blasting hole and main blast hole, closing on edge two 6m * 0.9m of the wide layout of cave depot * 0.15m water bag between front two rounds of the scope of operation, spacing 4m between water bag, each water bag is 2m to the abutment wall distance.
6. the water mist dust removal method of a kind of underground engineering Blasting Excavation as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: insert MS1 section on-electric detonator (7) under water bag in each emulsion cartridge bag (6), and draw payment to a porter (8) and connect a MS15 section on-electric detonator (10), then the payment to a porter of a MS15 section on-electric detonator (10) is connected with instantaneous detonator (9); What in main blast hole, detonate at first is the hole of first row middle, in this hole, hole, explosive inserts the 2nd MS15 section on-electric detonator, the 2nd MS15 section on-electric detonator payment to a porter is connected with MS3 section on-electric detonator (11), then the payment to a porter of MS3 section on-electric detonator (11) is connected with instantaneous detonator (9); Under this initiation net, the nominal burst time of the main blast hole at first detonated is 930ms after instantaneous detonator (9) is ignited, and under water bag, the nominal burst time of emulsion cartridge bag (6) is 880ms after instantaneous detonator (9) is ignited.
7. the water mist dust removal method of a kind of underground engineering Blasting Excavation as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: insert MS1 section on-electric detonator (7) under water bag in each emulsion cartridge bag (6), and draw payment to a porter (8) and connect a MS15 section on-electric detonator (10), then the payment to a porter of a MS15 section on-electric detonator (10) is connected with instantaneous detonator (9); What in main blast hole, detonate at first is the hole of first row middle, in this hole, hole, explosive inserts the 2nd MS15 section on-electric detonator, the 2nd MS15 section on-electric detonator payment to a porter is connected with MS3 section on-electric detonator (11), then the payment to a porter of MS3 section on-electric detonator (11) is connected with instantaneous detonator (9); Under this initiation net, the nominal burst time of the main blast hole at first detonated is 930ms after instantaneous detonator (9) is ignited, and under water bag, the nominal burst time of emulsion cartridge bag (6) is 880ms after instantaneous detonator (9) is ignited.
8. the water mist dust removal method of a kind of underground engineering Blasting Excavation as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: insert MS1 section on-electric detonator (7) under water bag in each emulsion cartridge bag (6), and draw payment to a porter (8) and connect a MS15 section on-electric detonator (10), then the payment to a porter of a MS15 section on-electric detonator (10) is connected with instantaneous detonator (9); What in main blast hole, detonate at first is the hole of first row middle, in this hole, hole, explosive inserts the 2nd MS15 section on-electric detonator, the 2nd MS15 section on-electric detonator payment to a porter is connected with MS3 section on-electric detonator (11), then the payment to a porter of MS3 section on-electric detonator (11) is connected with instantaneous detonator (9); Under this initiation net, the nominal burst time of the main blast hole at first detonated is 930ms after instantaneous detonator (9) is ignited, and under water bag, the nominal burst time of emulsion cartridge bag (6) is 880ms after instantaneous detonator (9) is ignited.
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Cited By (12)
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| CN103925855A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-16 | 武汉爆破有限公司 | Blasting dust precipitation method |
| CN104107609A (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2014-10-22 | 中国长江三峡集团公司 | Combined dust settling method for large-area excavation and explosion in water conservancy and hydropower project |
| CN104819671A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-08-05 | 武汉爆破有限公司 | Dust settling and shock absorbing method for building blasting demolition |
| CN108871115A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-23 | 贵州大学 | A kind of fast dust laying apparatus for engineering explosion |
| CN110307761A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-10-08 | 中国水利水电第四工程局有限公司 | One kind being used for the one-time formed method of diversion tunnel middle layer full face tunneling |
| CN110425949A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-11-08 | 山东天宝爆破有限公司 | A kind of surface blasting smoke treatment method |
| CN111076630A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-28 | 山东科技大学 | Efficient open bench blasting dust fall method |
| CN111121577A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-05-08 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for quickly reducing dust of explosion water curtain of long-distance tunnel |
| CN112344817A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2021-02-09 | 张小兰 | Blasting synchronous dust removal method and system |
| CN112361905A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2021-02-12 | 张小兰 | Blasting synchronous dust removal method and system |
| CN114111481A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-03-01 | 乌海市安盛爆破服务有限责任公司 | Dynamic dust-suppression body to be exploded and explosion method |
| CN114894054A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-08-12 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Water-containing blast hole open-air trenching blasting water mist explosion dust settling method |
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| CN103925855A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-16 | 武汉爆破有限公司 | Blasting dust precipitation method |
| CN104107609A (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2014-10-22 | 中国长江三峡集团公司 | Combined dust settling method for large-area excavation and explosion in water conservancy and hydropower project |
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| CN110425949A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-11-08 | 山东天宝爆破有限公司 | A kind of surface blasting smoke treatment method |
| CN111076630A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-28 | 山东科技大学 | Efficient open bench blasting dust fall method |
| CN111121577A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-05-08 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for quickly reducing dust of explosion water curtain of long-distance tunnel |
| CN112344817A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2021-02-09 | 张小兰 | Blasting synchronous dust removal method and system |
| CN112361905A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2021-02-12 | 张小兰 | Blasting synchronous dust removal method and system |
| CN112361905B (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2024-05-07 | 张小兰 | Blasting synchronous dust removal method and system |
| CN114111481A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-03-01 | 乌海市安盛爆破服务有限责任公司 | Dynamic dust-suppression body to be exploded and explosion method |
| CN114894054A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-08-12 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Water-containing blast hole open-air trenching blasting water mist explosion dust settling method |
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