CN103449656A - Sequence fed-batch reactor and biological aerated filter (SFBR-BAF) biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal technology - Google Patents
Sequence fed-batch reactor and biological aerated filter (SFBR-BAF) biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sequence fed-batch reactor and biological aerated filter (SFBR-BAF) biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal technology. The SFBR-BAF biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal technology comprises carbon removal, nitrogen removal, and nitrogen and phosphorus removal, and concretely comprises that in a reaction period, sewage is continuously added into an activated sludge reaction tank, the environment of a front SFBR reaction tank is orderly set into an aerobic state and an anaerobic state, the supernatant is discharged by one step after solid-liquid separation in a static settlement stage, and the discharged supernatant is fed into a back improved BAF device, then is treated orderly by an anaerobic section and an aerobic section of the BAF device and then is discharged. The SFBR-BAF biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal technology realizes a good microbe growth environment, solves the problem that high-concentration salts in waste water damage microbes or inhibit microbe growth, solves the problem of mutual inhibition and carbon source contending of microbe mixed culture, solves the problem of BAF biological filter material blocking caused by high-concentration SS, improves a wastewater biotransformation rate, improves total nitrogen and phosphorus removal effects, improves an oxygen utilization rate, and reduces energy consumption and a production cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of sewage, particularly the bioremediation of a kind of municipal effluent, domestic sewage denitrifying-dephosphorizing.
Background technology
A large amount of nitrogen in sewage, phosphorus enter water body, are the major causes that causes river, lake eutrophication.China's surface water body and basin, coastal waters are due to the pollution that is subject to nitrogen phosphorus, and body eutrophication occurs big area continually, thereby cause that surface water body is smelly, algae overgrowing, hydrobiont be on the verge of to be destroyed, and causes huge financial loss.For this reason, country has taked positive measure, has formulated strict waste water nitrogen, phosphorus emission standard.As, " urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission standard (GB18918-2002) " that China is existing, have higher requirement to nitrogen, phosphorus discharge, primary standard regulation urban wastewater treatment firm water outlet NH
+ 4-N<5 mg/L, PO
-3 4-P<0.5 mg/L, one of purpose that it is important is to solve the body eutrophication problem.
The municipal effluent comprehensive utilization of purifying waste water after treatment is that sewage work guarantees normal operation, the important channel that solves running cost.The current shortage of water resources of China has become the restraining factors of national economy sustainable development, develop new water source and become the especially extremely urgent task of northern area of China, yet sewage can be used as water, urban afforestation water in agricultural water, urban look water, industrial water, life after treatment, and this has become the only way at the generally acknowledged new water source of solution China of water utilities circle.Therefore develop a kind of biotechnology of utilizing in decarburization at sewage treatment area at present, again efficiency denitrification and dephosphorization can be arranged, can also directly reach the quality of reused water index, and do not need the auxiliary cheap treatment process with chemical means, be significant.
Biological Nitrogen Removal Processe removes carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus owing to having simultaneously, and the advantage such as processing cost is low and being used widely.According to the variation of size, arrangement, quantity increase and decrease and mixed solution circulation and the reflux type in anaerobism, anoxic, the pond such as aerobic, a series of biological denitrification phosphorous removal techniques and technology have been developed at present.The biological denitrification dephosphorization technique simultaneously of comparative maturity is divided into following several series: A
2/ O series, SBR is serial and oxidation ditch is serial etc.
Yet conventional biological denitrification phosphorous removal technique flow process exists affects the effectively factor that influences each other and restrict of operation of this technique, main manifestations is: the mixed culture problem of (1) microorganism.In the traditional biological synchronous denitrogen dephosphorus technology, polyP bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, nitrifier etc. coexist in same Sludge System, yet the required Redox Condition difference of these biological flora breeding existence, requirement to sludge age is also different, as the contradiction between nitrifier and polyP bacteria; (2) problem such as simultaneous nitrification and denitrification under the settling property of active sludge and sludge bulking, low dissolved axygen; (3) improve the decline that dephosphorization efficiency by using often is accompanied by denitrification percent.In addition, between different biological floras, to the contention of carbon source, the mutual inhibition between biological reaction product all makes the mutual interference of denitrogenation dephosphorizing process phase, finally causes system denitrogenation dephosphorizing overall efficiency not high.In municipal effluent two stage biological treatment system, the power consumption of biological processing unit accounts for 70% left and right of total power consumption, and coefficient of oxygen utilization is low, and general utilization is 15～18%, and process energy consumption is high, is the key factor that determines the sewage disposal energy consumption.
SBR (Sequence Batch Rector) is sequencing batch active sludge: a kind of waste water treatment process distributed based on same reactor different time, in step of reaction, can adopt the aerobic of alternate cycles and anoxic process, make microorganism under different envrionment conditionss, utilize organic substrates and oxygen to carry out specific vital movement, the final purpose that realizes removing organism and nitrogen phosphorus.In a reaction time, adopt disposable water intake mode, the batch operation of disposable water outlet after reaction.
SBR technique has advantages of it: the SBR technique of (1) compound flowing state, and the biochemical reaction mass transfer force increases, and mass-transfer efficiency is high., from the time, there is not air-teturning mixed phenomenon in anaerobism, aerobic in alternating state in pond, good purification; (2) process system forms simply, does not establish second pond, and aeration tank has the function of second pond concurrently.Sewage precipitates under desirable stationary state, and the sludge settling performance is good, can effectively prevent sludge bulking.(3) treatment effect is good, can, by the control break operational stage, as limited aeration and unrestricted aeration etc., thereby realize the denitrogenation dephosphorizing of waste water.
SBR technique also has its defect simultaneously: (1) disposable water intake mode, be difficult to the optimum substrate concentration or the growing environment that guarantee that microorganism growth is required, particularly in waste water, contain harmful to microorganism growth or when inhibiting material is arranged, as ammonia nitrogen in high density and salt, high initial concentration is unfavorable to microorganism growth or biochemical reaction, extended the start time of microbial reaction, reduced organic degradation efficiency.(2) the waste water feature has important impact to microbial growth speed, high density NH as substrate concn, COD/N ratio and pH value etc.
4+, NO
2-capital suppresses nitrobacteria growth, the system impact resistance is poor, disposable feed way is difficult to maintain the required optimum environment of microorganism growth, COD/N ratio in waste water and concentration thereof, microorganism concn have a significant effect to COD, N clearance, in addition, in SBR technique, the water intake mode difference directly has influence on sedimentation function.
BAF (Biological Aerated Filter is called for short BAF), it is a kind of excellent technique of advanced treatment of wastewater, but it is that SS in the former water of requirement is lower than lOOmg/L that this technique is directly used in one of shortcoming that municipal sewage treatment exists, preferably SS is lower than 60mg/L, otherwise when adopting the direct Treating Municipal Sewage of this technique, can cause biofilter material block and can not normally move.Another problem is that biological worry pond filler is also having problems aspect economy, bio-film colonization, backwash.
Summary of the invention
Task of the present invention is the defect that overcomes prior art, a kind of municipal effluent is provided, the bioremediation of domestic sewage denitrifying-dephosphorizing, be SFBR-BAF(Sequence Fed-batch Reactor and Biological Aerated Filter) technique, comprise the biological section of two main bodys of SFBR and BAF, solve in prior art and be difficult to the optimum substrate concentration or the growing environment that guarantee that microorganism growth is required, and Coal Gas Washing Cycling Water salt and the harmful material to microorganism growth, microorganism is poisoned or suppresses to the problem of growth, the mixed culture that solves microorganism in denitrogenation dephosphorizing simultaneously suppresses and the problem such as carbon source contradiction mutually, solve high concentration SS and cause the problem that in BAF technique, biofilter material blocks, improve the wastewater biological transformation efficiency, strengthen overall Nitrogen/Phosphorus Removal.
The further task of the present invention be using after traditional B AF process modification as rearmounted biological section, thereby improve coefficient of oxygen utilization, reduce energy consumption and production costs.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of bioremediation of sewage denitrification and dephosphorization, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) carbon and nitrogen removal and reduction SS concentration: an activated sludge reaction pond is set, add sewage continuously in reaction tank within a reaction time, and the environment that makes reaction tank has been followed successively by oxygen condition period and anaerobic state period, finally by disposable discharge supernatant liquor after the solid-liquid separation that excessively staticly settles the period, the microorganism in described active sludge comprises nitrifier and denitrifying bacteria;
(2) dephosphorization denitrogenation a: BAF is set, BAF sets gradually anaerobism section and aerobic section, the described supernatant liquor of step 1 is discharged successively after the processing of the anaerobism section of BAF and aerobic section, and the microorganism of described BAF comprises polyP bacteria and denitrifying bacteria.
Described step 1 comprises:
1) aerobic reaction: in the good oxygen condition period of step 1, oxygen abundance in reaction tank, the sewage added, through the nitrification of nitrifier, is converted into nitrate by the ammonia salt in water body, and most of organic carbon material of while is by aerobic degradation or resolve into carbonic acid gas and water;
2) anaerobic reaction: in the anaerobic state period of step 1, under anoxic or oxygen free condition, through the effect of denitrifying bacteria, by the nitrate transformation of aerobic reaction product, be dinitrogen, the organic carbon material participates in denitrification process as electron donor and is removed simultaneously, realizes the carbon and nitrogen removal to sewage;
3) staticly settle: in the period that staticly settles of step 1, adopt the mode of free setting, isolate supernatant liquor and active sludge and other suspended solids, reduced the SS concentration in the supernatant liquor.
Described supernatant liquor continues denitrogenation in the anaerobism section of BAF through the effect of denitrifying bacteria, and the effect dephosphorization at the aerobic section of BAF through polyP bacteria, realize the dephosphorization denitrogenation to sewage.
Oxygen supply mode to aerobic section in the described BAF of step 2 adopts the foamless oxygen-supplying mode.
Described foamless oxygen-supplying is that forced air or pure oxygen are passed in the aeration tube of BAF continuously, aeration tube is hollow fiber film tube, keep the aeration tube internal gas pressure lower than bubble point, in film both sides oxygen partial pressure, under poor promotion, the micropore on intraluminal oxygen-permeable film wall or membranous wall directly diffuses in the water body outside pipe.
The bio-film colonization filler that the described BAF of step 2 adopts is the volcanics after manual handling.
Described manual handling comprises acid, alkali pre-treatment and the artificial granulation to volcanics.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The bioremediation of sewage denitrification and dephosphorization of the present invention, comprise the biological section of two main bodys of SFBR and BAF, the biological section of SFBR is mainly carbon and nitrogen removal and reduces SS concentration, the biological section of BAF is mainly dephosphorization denitrogenation, the microorganism species conflicted in sewage disposal is all separated on room and time, and the mixed culture that solves microorganism in the while denitrogenation dephosphorizing suppresses and carbon source contention contradiction mutually.
In the biological section of SFBR, change the disposable water intake mode of SBR into continuous water inlet, whole process is divided into two stages, before and after the phase aerobic and anaerobism of Controlling System sequentially respectively, adopt water inlet continuously, reaction finishes, intermittent drainage, remove COD in waste water to reach, the purpose of ammonia nitrogen and nitre state ammonia, water inlet and intermittently water-out manners continuously, characteristics with order semi batch reacor, can reduce the accumulation of starting stage organic concentration through the continuous water intake mode of reaction period, by diluting effect and the early stage aerobic stage logical oxygen aeration pollutent is degraded, prevent the restraining effect of the venomous injurant confrontation microorganism growth of high density, be conducive to improve the stability of reactor operation, within the reaction period, continuous water intake mode can be realized the best nutritional physical environment that microorganism growth is required, and feed supplement as required maintains the microorganism growth optimum environment in stable growth all the time, has strengthened treatment effect and the speed of response of step of reaction, and stop into water at precipitate phase, reactor is in the desirable quiescent setting stage, so sedimentation effect is good, can realize well mud-water separation, be contrary on aerobic, anaerobic sequence although what difference is this improvement de-carbon rate there is no, to be conducive to nitration reaction and anti-nitration reaction with traditional another difference of SBR technique, make the decreasing ratio of total nitrogen high, due to the water inlet through the whole reaction period, when the anaerobism late phase reaction finishes, the concentration of substrate in reactor can be too not low, and dissolved oxygen concentration is low, can resist hyphomycetic growth, prevents sludge bulking.
In the biological section of BAF, because the biological section of preposition SFBR has reduced the SS concentration of intaking effectively, met well the requirement of the biological section of rearmounted BAF to the SS lower concentration of water inlet, solved high concentration SS and caused the problem that in the biological section of BAF, biofilter material easily blocks; Volcanics after the employing manual handling, as biologic packing material, is easy to bio-film colonization, and mass transfer effect is good, can improve reactor waterpower condition, makes the interior biomass of reactor large, processes load high, and stable effluent quality is best in quality; Adopt the foamless oxygen-supplying mode, improve oxygen concn and coefficient of oxygen utilization, reduction process energy consumption.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process flow diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
A kind of bioremediation of sewage denitrification and dephosphorization comprises the biological section of two main bodys of SFBR and BAF:
In the biological section of SFBR, one activated sludge reaction pond is set, microorganism in active sludge comprises nitrifier and denitrifying bacteria, within a reaction time, (linear or non-linear) adds sewage in reaction tank continuously, comprise good oxygen condition period and the anaerobic state period of carrying out successively reaction time, in the good oxygen condition period, carry out aerobic reaction to aeration in reaction tank, the sewage added is through the nitrification of nitrifier, ammonia salt in water body is converted into to nitrate, and most of organic carbon material of while is by aerobic degradation or resolve into carbonic acid gas and water; In the anaerobic state period, stop carrying out anaerobic reaction to aeration in reaction tank, under anoxic or oxygen free condition, effect through denitrifying bacteria, by the nitrate transformation of aerobic reaction product, it is dinitrogen, the organic carbon material participates in denitrification process as electron donor and is removed simultaneously, realizes the carbon and nitrogen removal to sewage; Reaction finishes the laggard standing precipitation period that enters, and stops adding sewage in reaction tank, adopts the mode of free setting, isolates supernatant liquor and active sludge and other suspended solids, the SS concentration in the reduction supernatant liquor.
In the biological section of BAF, one BAF is set, the microorganism of BAF comprises polyP bacteria and denitrifying bacteria, BAF sets gradually anaerobism section and aerobic section, the supernatant liquor of discharging after the biological section of SFBR is processed, through anaerobism section and the aerobic section of BAF, process successively, continue denitrogenation in the anaerobism section through the effect of denitrifying bacteria, effect dephosphorization at aerobic section through polyP bacteria, the dephosphorization denitrogenation of realization to sewage, different from traditional B AF technique: 1, add a biological section of preposition SFBR and carried out the pre-treatment of sewage, reduced the SS concentration in the water inlet, 2, the oxygen supply mode of aerobic section adopted to the foamless oxygen-supplying mode, being about to forced air or pure oxygen passes in the aeration tube of BAF continuously, aeration tube is hollow fiber film tube, keep the aeration tube internal gas pressure lower than bubble point, in film both sides oxygen partial pressure, under poor promotion, the micropore on intraluminal oxygen-permeable film wall or membranous wall directly diffuses in the water body outside pipe, has improved oxygen concn and coefficient of oxygen utilization and has reduced the process energy consumption, 3, the bio-film colonization filler adopted is the volcanics after the manual handling such as peracid, alkali pre-treatment and artificial granulation, is easy to bio-film colonization, and mass transfer effect is good, can improve reactor waterpower condition, make the interior biomass of reactor large, process load high, stable effluent quality, best in quality.
Using the real life sewage of certain university apartment block discharge as experimental subjects, and experimental result shows, biological transformation ratio SS >=95% wherein, NH4-N >=85%, T-N >=90%, T-P >=88%; Coefficient of oxygen utilization is up to more than 50%; Per kilogram BOD removes cost more than 30%.Compare traditional treatment method, make the wastewater biological transformation efficiency improve 10～20%, Energy Intensity Reduction 30～50%, production cost reduces by 20～30%, efficiently coefficient of oxygen utilization.Conventional aeration is removed approximately 1.5～1.8 degree of 1 kilogram of BOD5 current consumption, adopts the foamless oxygen-supplying mode, removes the current consumption of 1 kilogram of BOD5 not higher than 0.4 degree, and the energy-conservation superiority of foamless oxygen-supplying technology is fairly obvious.According to the present invention, the water treatment system of design has the province of occupation of land characteristics, the floor space of greatly saving treatment tank.
The bioremediation of sewage denitrification and dephosphorization of the present invention, comprise the biological section of two main bodys of SFBR and BAF, the biological section of SFBR is mainly carbon and nitrogen removal and reduces SS concentration, the biological section of BAF is mainly dephosphorization denitrogenation, the microorganism species conflicted in sewage disposal is all separated on room and time, and the mixed culture that solves microorganism in the while denitrogenation dephosphorizing suppresses and carbon source contention contradiction mutually.
In the biological section of SFBR, change the disposable water intake mode of SBR into continuous water inlet, whole process is divided into two stages, before and after the phase aerobic and anaerobism of Controlling System sequentially respectively, adopt water inlet continuously, reaction finishes, intermittent drainage, remove COD in waste water to reach, the purpose of ammonia nitrogen and nitre state ammonia, water inlet and intermittently water-out manners continuously, characteristics with order semi batch reacor, can reduce the accumulation of starting stage organic concentration through the continuous water intake mode of reaction period, by diluting effect and the early stage aerobic stage logical oxygen aeration pollutent is degraded, prevent the restraining effect of the venomous injurant confrontation microorganism growth of high density, be conducive to improve the stability of reactor operation, within the reaction period, continuous water intake mode can be realized the best nutritional physical environment that microorganism growth is required, and feed supplement as required maintains the microorganism growth optimum environment in stable growth all the time, has strengthened treatment effect and the speed of response of step of reaction, and stop into water at precipitate phase, reactor is in the desirable quiescent setting stage, so sedimentation effect is good, can realize well mud-water separation, be contrary on aerobic, anaerobic sequence although what difference is this improvement de-carbon rate there is no, to be conducive to nitration reaction and anti-nitration reaction with traditional another difference of SBR technique, make the decreasing ratio of total nitrogen high, due to the water inlet through the whole reaction period, when the anaerobism late phase reaction finishes, the concentration of substrate in reactor can be too not low, and dissolved oxygen concentration is low, can resist hyphomycetic growth, prevents sludge bulking.
In the biological section of BAF, because the biological section of preposition SFBR has reduced the SS concentration of intaking effectively, met well the requirement of the biological section of rearmounted BAF to the SS lower concentration of water inlet, solved high concentration SS and caused the problem that in the biological section of BAF, biofilter material easily blocks; Volcanics after the employing manual handling, as biologic packing material, is easy to bio-film colonization, and mass transfer effect is good, can improve reactor waterpower condition, makes the interior biomass of reactor large, processes load high, and stable effluent quality is best in quality; Adopt the foamless oxygen-supplying mode, improve oxygen concn and coefficient of oxygen utilization, reduction process energy consumption.
Claims (7)
1. the bioremediation of a sewage denitrification and dephosphorization, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) carbon and nitrogen removal and reduction SS concentration: a preposition activated sludge reaction pond is set, add sewage continuously in reaction tank within a reaction time, and the environment that makes reaction tank has been followed successively by oxygen condition period and anaerobic state period, finally by disposable discharge supernatant liquor after the solid-liquid separation that excessively staticly settles the period, the microorganism in described active sludge comprises nitrifier and denitrifying bacteria;
(2) dephosphorization denitrogenation: the BAF that a postposition is set, BAF sets gradually anaerobism section and aerobic section, the described supernatant liquor of step 1 is discharged successively after the processing of the anaerobism section of BAF and aerobic section, and the microorganism of described BAF comprises polyP bacteria and denitrifying bacteria.
2. bioremediation according to claim 1 is characterized in that described step 1 comprises:
1) aerobic reaction: in the good oxygen condition period of step 1, oxygen abundance in reaction tank, the sewage added, through the nitrification of nitrifier, is converted into nitrate by the ammonia salt in water body, and most of organic carbon material of while is by aerobic degradation or resolve into carbonic acid gas and water;
2) anaerobic reaction: in the anaerobic state period of step 1, under anoxic or oxygen free condition, through the effect of denitrifying bacteria, by the nitrate transformation of aerobic reaction product, be dinitrogen, the organic carbon material participates in denitrification process as electron donor and is removed simultaneously, realizes the carbon and nitrogen removal to sewage;
3) staticly settle: in the period that staticly settles of step 1, adopt the mode of free setting, isolate supernatant liquor and active sludge and other suspended solids, reduced the SS concentration in the supernatant liquor.
3. bioremediation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described supernatant liquor continues denitrogenation in the anaerobism section of BAF through the effect of denitrifying bacteria, effect dephosphorization at the aerobic section of BAF through polyP bacteria, realize the dephosphorization denitrogenation to sewage.
4. bioremediation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the oxygen supply mode to aerobic section in the described BAF of step 2 adopts the foamless oxygen-supplying mode.
5. bioremediation according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described foamless oxygen-supplying is that forced air or pure oxygen are passed in the aeration tube of BAF continuously, aeration tube is hollow fiber film tube, keep the aeration tube internal gas pressure lower than bubble point, in film both sides oxygen partial pressure, under poor promotion, the micropore on intraluminal oxygen-permeable film wall or membranous wall directly diffuses in the water body outside pipe.
6. bioremediation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the bio-film colonization filler that the described BAF of step 2 adopts is the volcanics after manual handling.
7. bioremediation according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described manual handling comprises acid, alkali pre-treatment and the artificial granulation to volcanics.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN104961241A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-10-07 | 沈阳大学 | Method for preventing and controlling pollution of phosphorus to ditch matrix during rice filed water lowering |
| CN116562051A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-08-08 | 东莞理工学院 | Land sea nitrogen and phosphorus load trend estimation method |
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| JPH04247299A (en) * | 1991-02-04 | 1992-09-03 | Ebara Infilco Co Ltd | Method for treating organic sewage and device therefor |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104961241A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-10-07 | 沈阳大学 | Method for preventing and controlling pollution of phosphorus to ditch matrix during rice filed water lowering |
| CN116562051A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-08-08 | 东莞理工学院 | Land sea nitrogen and phosphorus load trend estimation method |
| CN116562051B (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2024-04-26 | 东莞理工学院 | Land sea nitrogen and phosphorus load trend estimation method |
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