CN103440894A - Process for treating high-ammonia radioactive wastewater by membrane absorbing method - Google Patents
Process for treating high-ammonia radioactive wastewater by membrane absorbing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103440894A CN103440894A CN2013103493909A CN201310349390A CN103440894A CN 103440894 A CN103440894 A CN 103440894A CN 2013103493909 A CN2013103493909 A CN 2013103493909A CN 201310349390 A CN201310349390 A CN 201310349390A CN 103440894 A CN103440894 A CN 103440894A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process for treating high-ammonia radioactive wastewater by a membrane absorbing method, and belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment. The process utilizes a hydrophobic polymeric membrane to adjust pH (potential of hydrogen) value of the wastewater, amine is volatilized to the other side of the membrane from the wastewater and is absorbed by sulfuric acid absorbing liquid, and then the amine is separated from the wastewater and is absorbed. The process has the advantages that the flow is simple, the scale design is easy, the removal efficiency is high, the energy consumption is low, the adaptability to the quality of incoming water is high, the process is easily combined with other processes, and the like; the application prospect on the treatment of the high-amine radioactive wastewater is good; after the wastewater is absorbed and treated by the membrane, the subsequent treatment load is effectively reduced through the removal of the amine and nitrogen; the defects of high energy consumption, low removal efficiency, easy corrosion of equipment pipelines and the like of a traditional evaporation process are effectively overcome, and nuclides are effectively prevented from being entrapped into distilled liquid along with small droplets.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of waste water processing, be specifically related to the new technology that a kind of membrane absorption method is processed high ammonia radioactive wastewater.
Background technology
Due to energy scarcity, I reenter Rapid development stage by Nuclear Electricity, and nuclear power will occupy prior position in China's energy structure.When greatly developing nuclear power, the processing of nuclear waste also more and more gets more and more people's extensive concerning.Radioactive wastewater is treated as an important restriction factor of nuclear power developing.
High temperature gas cooled reactor, as advanced heap type, demonstrates good application prospect in nuclear power developing.Can produce a large amount of high ammonia radioactive wastewaters in the fuel element production run, also there is no at present maturation, reliable treatment process.In conventional wastewater treatment, the disposal route of ammonia mainly comprises blow-off method, chemical precipitation method, evaporation method etc.Blow-off method comprises steam blow-off method and air stripping method, higher to ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency, and its major defect is that energy consumption is high and operation expense is high, and exists because fine droplet is carried the secondary pollution problem that produces secretly.The chemical precipitation method technological operation is simple, but, for high-concentration ammonia nitrogenous wastewater, produces sludge quantity larger, is not suitable for the Spent Radioactive water treatment.
The membrane technology of applying in the Spent Radioactive water treatment mainly comprises pressure-actuated micro-filtration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and counter-infiltration etc., mainly take hyperfiltration as main, abroad existing part nuclear power plant's employing reverse osmosis process processing section radioactive wastewater.For the hydrophobic film isolation technics, as film absorption, film distillation and pervaporation etc., be applied to the Spent Radioactive water treatment and also lack research.
Because conventional ammonia nitrogen treatment process originally is applicable to the Spent Radioactive water treatment, research and develop efficient, energy-conservation, safe new technology removal radioactive wastewater middle and high concentration ammonia very necessary.
Summary of the invention
The separating technology that the purpose of this invention is to provide ammonia in a kind of high ammonia radioactive wastewater, the energy consumption and the shortcomings such as operating cost is high, ammonia removal efficiency is low, complex process equipment that to solve traditional blow-off method, exist.
Implementation of the present invention is:
A kind of membrane absorption method is processed the technique of high ammonia radioactive wastewater, adopts membrane absorption method, utilizes hydrophobic membrane module ammonia in the processing radioactive wastewater under the normal temperature and pressure operation; Equipment comprises that hydrophobic membrane module, peristaltic pump, temperature take into account ducts.
Described membrane module is hollow fiber film assembly; Waste water enters the tube side of membrane module, through except after the ammonia process, being back to the waste water reservoir; Absorption liquid enters the shell side of membrane module, by being back to the absorption liquid storage tank after the membrane module absorbing ammonia.
Optionally, the method for operation of technique is that waste water circulation is walked shell side, the absorption liquid tube side that circulates away.
The Inlet and outlet water place, film both sides of membrane module all is equipped with thermometer, to monitor at any time the variation of film both sides solution Inlet and outlet water temperature.
Optionally, in order to improve the removal speed of ammonia, improving wastewater temperature is 20 ℃～80 ℃, is particularly useful for situation about having surplus heat or used heat utilizes.
In waste water, ammonia concentration is 2000 mg/L～25000 mg/L, and the waste water flow velocity is 0.0048 m/s～0.248 m/s, regulates initial pH on wastewater and is greater than 11.5.
Same, this technique is applicable to the radioactive wastewater of various concentration ammonia, is applicable to common ammonia-containing water simultaneously and processes.
Described absorption liquid is non-volatile acids.
Preferably, described absorption liquid is sulfuric acid or nitric acid.
Optionally, described membrane module is flat sheet membrane or rolled membrane module.
The present invention adopts membrane absorption method to process the radioactive wastewater of ammonia, this technique have flow process simple, be easy to the scale design, remove that efficiency is high, energy consumption is low, to the influent quality strong adaptability, be easy to and the advantage such as other process combination.High ammonia radioactive wastewater processes and displays is gone out to good application prospect.Waste water is after film absorbs processing, and the removal of ammonia nitrogen can effectively reduce the subsequent treatment load.This technique not only can effectively overcome the shortcomings such as traditional evaporation technology energy consumption is high, removal efficiency is low, equipment pipe is perishable, can also effectively prevent that nucleic from entering distillate with carrying secretly of droplet.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that membrane absorption method is removed the ammonia schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is that film absorbs ammonia device process flow diagram in the processing radioactive wastewater.
Embodiment
The present invention adopts the film absorption technique to process the ammonia in high ammonia radioactive wastewater, technological principle, referring to accompanying drawing 1, utilizes the hydrophobic polymer film, by regulating wastewater pH, ammonia evaporate into the opposite side of film and is absorbed by sulfuric acid absorption liquid from waste water, makes ammonia separate from waste water and reclaim.Equipment comprises that hollow fiber film assembly, peristaltic pump, temperature take into account ducts, as shown in Figure 2.
According to the high temperature nuclear reactor fuel sphere production technology of bibliographical information, preparation simulated emission wastewater.Simulated wastewater is by deionized water and analytically pure ammoniacal liquor, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, urea and ammonium nitrate preparation, and principal ingredient comprises the ammonia of 25000 mg/L, the nitrate radical of 7750 mg/L, the urea of 6000 mg/L and the tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol of 10000 mg/L.Absorption liquid adopts the sulfuric acid solution that volume fraction is 15%, and waste water and absorption liquid storage tank volume are 1 L.The two circular flow modes of process using, waste water enters the tube side of membrane module by peristaltic pump, finally flow back in the waste water storage tank, absorption liquid enters the shell side of membrane module by peristaltic pump, water (flow) direction is contrary with waste water, finally flow back in the absorption liquid storage tank, as shown in Figure 2.Ammonia in waste water enters absorption liquid through fenestra under the promotion of vapour pressure, and the generation of the sulfuric acid reaction in rapid and absorption liquid ammonium sulfate, thereby reaches the purpose of removing and reclaiming ammonia in waste water.Timing sampling is analyzed the variation of ammonia in waste water, processes the effect of ammonia in radioactive wastewater by changing different operational factor comparative film absorption processes.
Embodiment 1
Waste water and absorption liquid volume are 500 mL, do not regulate wastewater pH (initial pH approximately 11.5), and the flow velocity of waste water side and absorption liquid side is respectively 0.178 m/s and 0.035 m/s.After film Absorption and running 80 min, in waste water, the clearance of ammonia can reach 90.5%.
Embodiment 2
Waste water and absorption liquid volume are 500 mL, do not regulate wastewater pH (initial pH approximately 11.5), the flow velocity of absorption liquid side is 0.035 m/s, the flow velocity of regulating the waste water survey is respectively 0.0048 m/s, 0.0096 m/s, 0.024 m/s, 0.099 m/s, 0.248 m/s, after film Absorption and running 120 min, in waste water, the removal of ammonia is respectively 75.8%, 82.2%, 87.4%, 89.2%, 90.4%.Along with the increase of waste water flow velocity, the removal speed of ammonia increases, and when flow velocity reaches certain value, this increase tends towards stability.
Embodiment 3
Waste water and absorption liquid volume are 500 mL, regulate initial pH on wastewater to 12.0, and the flow velocity of waste water side and absorption liquid side is respectively 0.099 m/s and 0.035 m/s.Change the ammonia concentration in waste water, other compositions remain unchanged as mentioned above.Film Absorption and running result shows, initial ammonia concentration is respectively 2211.6 mg/L, and when 5864.6 mg/L and 23898.7 mg/L, after moving 120 min, the clearance of ammonia is respectively 95.0%, 94.2% and 94.1%.Illustrate that in waste water, initial ammonia concentration can be ignored except the impact of ammonia the film absorption, so this technique has very strong adaptability.
Embodiment 4
Waste water and absorption liquid volume are 500 mL, regulate initial pH on wastewater to 12.5, and the flow velocity of waste water side and absorption liquid side is respectively 0.178 m/s and 0.035 m/s.After film Absorption and running 120 min, in waste water, the clearance of ammonia can reach 99.0%.Improve the initial pH of waste water, can effectively improve the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen.
In four times embodiment, in radioactive wastewater, the removal effect of ammonia is stable, and after 120 min operations, the ammonia clearance can reach 99.0%.
Claims (10)
1. a membrane absorption method is processed the technique of high ammonia radioactive wastewater, it is characterized in that: adopt membrane absorption method, utilize the ammonia of hydrophobic membrane module process radioactive wastewater under the normal temperature and pressure operation in; Equipment comprises that hydrophobic membrane module, peristaltic pump, temperature take into account ducts.
2. membrane absorption method according to claim 1 is processed the technique of high ammonia radioactive wastewater, it is characterized in that: described membrane module is hollow fiber film assembly; Waste water enters the tube side of membrane module, through except after the ammonia process, being back to the waste water reservoir; Absorption liquid enters the shell side of membrane module, by being back to the absorption liquid storage tank after the membrane module absorbing ammonia.
3. membrane absorption method according to claim 2 is processed the technique of high ammonia radioactive wastewater, it is characterized in that: the method for operation of technique is that waste water circulation is walked shell side, the absorption liquid tube side that circulates away.
4. membrane absorption method according to claim 1 is processed the technique of high ammonia radioactive wastewater, it is characterized in that: the Inlet and outlet water place, film both sides of membrane module all is equipped with thermometer, to monitor at any time the variation of film both sides solution Inlet and outlet water temperature.
5. membrane absorption method according to claim 1 is processed the technique of high ammonia radioactive wastewater, it is characterized in that: in order to improve the removal speed of ammonia, improving wastewater temperature is 20 ℃～80 ℃.
6. membrane absorption method according to claim 1 is processed the technique of high ammonia radioactive wastewater, it is characterized in that: in waste water, ammonia concentration is 2000 mg/L～25000 mg/L, and the waste water flow velocity is 0.0048 m/s～0.248 m/s, regulates initial pH on wastewater and is greater than 11.5.
7. membrane absorption method according to claim 1 is processed the technique of high ammonia radioactive wastewater, it is characterized in that: this technique is applicable to the radioactive wastewater of various concentration ammonia, is applicable to common ammonia-containing water simultaneously and processes.
8. membrane absorption method according to claim 1 is processed the technique of high ammonia radioactive wastewater, it is characterized in that: described absorption liquid is non-volatile acids.
9. membrane absorption method according to claim 1 is processed the technique of high ammonia radioactive wastewater, it is characterized in that: described absorption liquid is sulfuric acid or nitric acid.
10. membrane absorption method according to claim 1 is processed the technique of high ammonia radioactive wastewater, it is characterized in that: described membrane module is flat sheet membrane or rolled membrane module.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN105277559A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-01-27 | 北京大学 | Microscopic imaging apparatus for pressure-adjustable flow field |
| CN105304155A (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2016-02-03 | 清华大学 | Optimization and purification system and regeneration method of high temperature gas cooled reactor by utilizing coolants |
| CN105600995A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-05-25 | 北京新源国能科技集团股份有限公司 | High-ammonia-nitrogen wastewater reutilization zero-discharge treatment method and device of membrane aeration and membrane absorption coupling technology |
| CN108597636A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-09-28 | 南华大学 | A kind of method and system of film distillation technology processing radioactive wastewater |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105304155A (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2016-02-03 | 清华大学 | Optimization and purification system and regeneration method of high temperature gas cooled reactor by utilizing coolants |
| CN105277559A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-01-27 | 北京大学 | Microscopic imaging apparatus for pressure-adjustable flow field |
| CN105277559B (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2019-05-31 | 北京大学 | Microscopic imaging device and the device used with microscopes |
| CN105600995A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-05-25 | 北京新源国能科技集团股份有限公司 | High-ammonia-nitrogen wastewater reutilization zero-discharge treatment method and device of membrane aeration and membrane absorption coupling technology |
| CN105600995B (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2018-07-24 | 北京新源国能科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater recycling and zero discharge processing method and processing device of film aeration and film absorbing coupling technique |
| CN108597636A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-09-28 | 南华大学 | A kind of method and system of film distillation technology processing radioactive wastewater |
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Application publication date: 20131211 |