CN103440424B - Utilize slope displacement monitoring Data Detection and determine to come down and cut the method for mouth - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of slope displacement monitoring Data Detection that utilizes and cut the method for mouth with determining to come down, comprising: 1) the come down determination of slope body scope and choosing of main Monitoring Profiles; 2) position, monitoring point is chosen and numbering; 3) monitoring equipment is installed and displacement monitoring; 4) heterogeneity distorted area, landslide and landslide cut the determination in interruption-forming district; 5) determination at vertical displacement vectors angle, compression deformation district, landslide; 6) determination of side slope vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed; 7) vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed Time Series Mean and mean square deviation and landslide cut the determination of interruption-forming criterion; 8) vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed mean square deviation Anomaly criterion is used to determine to come down and cut the position of mouth.The displacement that the method is come down by Real-Time Monitoring, carries out statistical study and calculating to it, determines the position cutting mouth, and then accurately judges the resistance to overturning of whole side slope, therefore, effectively can avoid classic method calculated amount large, complex steps, and error is larger waits deficiency.

Description

Utilize slope displacement monitoring Data Detection and determine to come down and cut the method for mouth

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of slope project estimation of stability and Landslide Hazards monitoring and warning and Prevention Technique, especially a kind of utilize slope displacement monitoring Data Detection and determine to come down cut the method for mouth.

Background technology

Unstability that is large-scale or ultra-large type accumulation horizon slope is the process that audient's multifactor impact and control one is extremely complicated.How correctly, accurately and timely advanced estimation of stability and prediction made to large-scale accumulation horizon slope, forecast that of being still in modern landslide Disaster Study field is badly in need of the problem solved.

As everyone knows, to a middle-size and small-size homogenous soil-slope or accumulation horizon slope, due to relatively homogeneous and better simply slip boundary condition when its material is formed, use traditional soil slope stability evaluation method (slices method, residual pushing force analytic approach etc.) often effective to its A+E.But for large-scale or ultra-large type accumulation horizon slope, because its material forms, the inhomogeneity of boundary condition and the polytrope of the factor such as underground water and stress field, determine the unstability scale of such side slope, slippage form, the complicacy of the aspects such as sliding surface morphogenesis characters, the form of its unstability special is not often that unified entirety glides, and usually at the most weak part of side slope, the minimum position of the anti-skid power of sliding surface, the most concentrated locked patch position of sliding force is first formed shears outlet, form Local Sliding, afterwards, under sliding force and inertial force effect, the aslope entirety of shape glides, some landslides also produce dual-layer Parallel slippage or multilayer slippage, this is the particular law that large-scale heterogeneity slope instability has.And use traditional Slope Stability Analysis method by means of only obtain a stability factor to evaluate such slope whether stablize often row invalid, single evaluation also can make false judgment sometimes.To the correct evaluation method of such side slope should be: first, to side slope differently section carry out Local Sliding analysis, determining that slope body cuts the position of mouth with or without being formed, finding out and really meet the actual sliding surface in landslide and shear outlet; Secondly, global stability analysis is carried out to whole side slope.Therefore, get large-scale landslide induced clear and cut primary work and the prerequisite that the formation condition of mouth and forming position are Slope Stability Evaluation, this has important theory significance and practical significance to the selection of whole slope stability calculation and evaluation and prophylactico-therapeutic measures.

The document cutting mouth about differentiation landslide is less, Xiao Minggui etc. are at " mechanics that willow Class I highway K250 section landslide in osmanthus cuts mouth judges " (Technical Colleges Of Guilin's journal, 2nd phase in 1997) and He Keqiang etc. at " large-scale landslide induced cuts mechanical condition and the comprehensive displacement mechanics criterion of interruption-forming " (engineering investigation, 5th phase in 1999) in article, all use limit mechanics balancing method, find glide plane corresponding to minimum safety factor by tentative calculation, establishing landslide cut mouthful planar slip and Curved Surface Sliding two kinds of conditions under mechanics criterion.

But it is all that the mechanics limiting equilibrium being based upon Slope body is calculated as prerequisite that above-mentioned landslide cuts mouthful defining method, and use the calculating of limit mechanics balancing method to determine that landslide cuts mouth and has the following disadvantages and limit to: the method has avoided slope body deformability rapport and corresponding constitutive relation, namely the deformation mechanism of slope failure moment is only paid close attention to, namely be a kind of static physical mechanical model irrelevant with the time, and do not pay close attention to side slope and pass in time and the process that produces distortion.The limitation of modeling simultaneously and harsh conditions all accurately detect to limiting equilibrium mechanics detection method brings very large difficulty with practical application, more easily causes erroneous judgement and misjudgement especially to the native stone melange accumulation layer landslide of very difficult sampling and indoor test.Therefore, seek a kind of new method breaking through existing conventional art, the new method that namely seeking only just effectively can detect according to the displacement monitoring come down and determine to come down cuts mouth is imperative.Summary of the invention

The determination that the object of the invention is to cut mouth for sliding surface is key element and the precondition of Slope Stability Evaluation and control, and large-scale landslide induced sliding surface cuts the position of mouth and formation condition usually has stronger disguise, complicacy and probabilistic feature, traditional Analysis of Slope Stability method is used to be difficult to effectively determine its problem such as forming position and formation condition, a kind of slope displacement monitoring Data Detection that utilizes is provided to cut the method for mouth with determining to come down, the displacement that the method is come down by Real-Time Monitoring, statistical study and calculating are carried out to it, determine the position cutting mouth, and then accurately judge the resistance to overturning of whole side slope, therefore, can effectively avoid classic method calculated amount large, complex steps, error is larger waits deficiency.

For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:

Utilize slope displacement monitoring Data Detection and determine to come down and cut a method for mouth, comprising:

1) determination of slope, landslide body scope and choosing of main Monitoring Profiles;

2) position, monitoring point is chosen and numbering;

3) monitoring equipment is installed and displacement monitoring;

4) heterogeneity distorted area, landslide and landslide cut the determination in interruption-forming district;

5) determination at vertical displacement vectors angle, compression deformation district, landslide;

6) determination of side slope vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed;

7) vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed Time Series Mean and mean square deviation and landslide cut the determination of interruption-forming criterion;

8) displacement vector angle angular speed mean square deviation Anomaly criterion is used to determine to come down and cut the position of mouth.

In described step 1), to break seam, tension gash, slope body leading edge and left and right avris fracture distribution feature according to the peripheral trailing edge tension in landslide, determine the main Monitoring Profiles line on landslide slope body scope and landslide.Landslide scope and main Monitoring Profiles are the known methods of this area to utilize above-mentioned feature to determine, do not repeat them here.

Described step 2) in, monitoring point for displacement is made up of displacement monitoring reference point and landslide displacement distortion monitoring points, displacement monitoring reference point K _xbe selected in stable basement rock or the region without distortion beyond the slope body of monitoring landslide, formation control net, wherein, x be more than or equal to 3 integer; Landslide displacement distortion monitoring points is arranged on the main Monitoring Profiles line in landslide area, should from trailing edge tension break be sewn to slope body leading edge successively etc. horizontal range its monitoring point F is set _i, wherein i=1 ~ n, n get the integer being greater than 1, and i is the integer between 1 to n, represent monitoring point number.

In described step 3), in step 2) the corresponding monitoring equipment arranging installation wireless monitor change in displacement equipment and displacement monitoring reference point of monitoring point for displacement, the monitoring equipment buried underground is combined closely with top layer, landslide, separate between equipment, non-interference, monitor each monitoring point horizontal shift changing value, perpendicular displacement changing value; Utilize outdoor transacter GPS by real-time data transmission to intelligent remote monitoring station, the rough handling of transmission data separate computing machine is analyzed, and typing form.

In described step 4), according to the Monitoring Data of the horizontal shift aggregate-value of adjacent two distortion monitoring points of main Monitoring Profiles, determine the heterogeneity distorted area that comes down:

1) as horizontal shift value X _i> X _i+1, show that the body trailing edge distortion of slope, landslide is greater than landslide leading edge distortion, then judge that this region, two monitoring points is as compression deformation district, landslide;

2) as horizontal shift value X _i< X _i+1: show that the body leading edge distortion of slope, landslide is greater than landslide trailing edge distortion, then judge that this region, two monitoring points is as tension distorted area, landslide;

3) as horizontal shift value X _i≈ X _i+1: show that the body trailing edge distortion of slope, landslide is out of shape equal with landslide leading edge, then judge that this region, two monitoring points is as integral translation distorted area, landslide;

X _i, X _i+1represent the Monitoring Data of the horizontal shift aggregate-value of landslide slope body main Monitoring Profiles distortion monitoring points i, i+1 respectively, i=1 ~ n, n get the integer being greater than 1.

4) cut the mechanical condition of interruption-forming according to landslide, determine that landslide cuts interruption-forming district for compression deformation district, landslide.

In described step 5), cutting the position of mouth for accurately determining to come down, at slope body crimp zone encryption monitoring point for displacement, and the displacement vector angle of monitoring point need be determined, making x ⁽⁰⁾, y ⁽⁰⁾be respectively horizontal and vertical Displacement Sequence, x ⁽¹⁾, y ⁽¹⁾for their cumulative sequence, wherein the accumulated sequence of a kth point is

$x_{\left(k\right)}^{\left(1\right)}=\underset{j=1}{\overset{j}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{x}_{\left(j\right)}^{\left(0\right)},y_{\left(k\right)}^{\left(1\right)}=\underset{j=1}{\overset{j}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{y}_{\left(j\right)}^{\left(0\right)}---\left(1\right)$

Wherein j represents total number of institute's monitoring time interval t, represent horizontal and vertical Displacement Sequence numerical value in jth monitoring time interval;

Then defining vertical displacement vectors angle is the vertical accumulative displacement of monitoring point and the angle theta of horizontal accumulative displacement _k, namely

${\mathrm{\&theta;}}_k=\arctan \frac{y_{\left(k\right)}^{\left(1\right)}}{x_{\left(k\right)}^{\left(1\right)}}---\left(2\right).$

In described step 6), with the vertical displacement vectors angle θ of time interval t to monitoring point, Po Ti crimp district _kmonitor, determine vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed parameter time series:

The wherein vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed of an interval t time period kth monitoring point point for

${\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&theta;}}}_k=\frac{{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_k^1-{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_k^0}{t}---\left(3\right)$

Wherein represent respectively a kth monitoring point time interval t initially and finish time vertical displacement vectors angle value.

In described step 7), whether the vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed for analysis and resolution crush zone monitoring point occurs that in monitoring time sudden change or occurrence tendency reduce change, first adds up and determine the mean value of vertical displacement vectors angle, a certain monitoring point angular speed with sequence meansquaredeviationσ:

$\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{\mathrm{\&theta;}}=\frac{1}{n}\underset{k=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&theta;}}}_k---\left(4\right)$

$\mathrm{\&sigma;}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{n-1}\underset{k=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{({\stackrel{\&CenterDot;}{\mathrm{\&theta;}}}_k-\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{\mathrm{\&theta;}})}^2}---\left(5\right)$

According to statistical principle, by vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed mean value with 3 times of sums of vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed sequence meansquaredeviationσ as the criterion cutting interruption-forming that comes down, namely

$\left[\mathrm{\&theta;}\right]=\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{\mathrm{\&theta;}}+3\mathrm{\&sigma;}---\left(6\right)$

Wherein [θ] is the criterion that landslide cuts interruption-forming, σ is respectively mean value and the vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed sequence mean square deviation of vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed.

In described step 8), whether the criterion cutting interruption-forming according to landslide is abnormal, and the determining step of the position cutting mouth of determining to come down is as follows:

1) if vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed be less than or equal vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed mean value with the criterion of 3 times of mean square deviation sums of vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed sequence meansquaredeviationσ, then show just extrusion stress distributive province, landslide, position, monitoring point, do not form landslide and cut mouth;

2) if vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed be greater than vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed mean value with the criterion of 3 times of mean square deviation sums of vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed sequence meansquaredeviationσ, then show that formation landslide is cut mouth by this position, monitoring point, its distributed areas, monitoring point are that landslide cuts interruption-forming position.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that the displacement that the present invention is come down by Real-Time Monitoring carries out statistical study and calculating to it, determines the position cutting mouth, and then accurately judge the resistance to overturning of whole side slope.Therefore, effectively avoid classic method calculated amount large, complex steps, error is larger waits deficiency.The present invention cuts the method for mouth by utilizing displacement monitoring Data Detection and determining to come down, and the control for follow-up landslide provides reliably foundation.The present invention has that to determine that landslide cuts mouthful positional precision high, simple and efficient, and feature easy to implement, shows that engineer applied is strong, have very important practical significance.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is process flow diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 be slope body cut a mouthful schematic diagram;

Fig. 3 is coordinate conversion figure;

The even slope displacement speed rectangular coordinate schematic diagram of Fig. 4 to be inclination angle be θ;

Fig. 5 is monitoring point for displacement and device location distribution plan thereof;

Fig. 6 is monitoring analysis system arrangenent diagram;

Fig. 7 is that in Fig. 5, landslide cuts mouthful vertical displacement vectors angle, a C monitoring point angular speed anomalous discrimination figure;

Fig. 8 is that in Fig. 5, landslide cuts mouthful vertical displacement vectors angle, a D monitoring point angular speed anomalous discrimination figure;

Wherein, 01. landslide, 02. displacement monitoring reference point, 03. landslide displacement distortion monitoring points, 04 Controling network, 05. main Monitoring Profiles line, 06. wireless monitor change in displacement equipment, 07. displacement monitoring reference point monitoring equipment, 08. outdoor transacter GPS, 09. intelligent remote monitoring station, 10. loosens plot, 11. main skating areas, 12. cut port part.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.

Its general principles is as follows with foundation:

The gliding mass of a landslide induced, always from the breach slippage crossing with ground of sliding surface terminal or extrude, therefore, the mouth that cuts on landslide is fault offset point in slope downslide process, is also the starting point that Failure of Slopes skids off.

The inhomogeneity glided due to slope and the otherness of side slop's conditions, Accumulation slope is normal in downslide process forms different main skating areas 11, anti-skid district and loosening plot 10.Main skating area 11 is that the power source that slope glides produces district, is the power source on landslide and the determinative of sliding motion.Anti-skid district is the super-stable area on slope, is the slope section stoping slope to glide.When the main skating area 11 of coming down runs into the stop in anti-skid district in downslide displacement process, then form stress locked patch in the junction in main skating area 11 and anti-skid district.At locked patch position, slope body glides and is obstructed, and slope body itself is in extrusion stress state, slope body is made to produce larger plastic yield, when downslide extruding force reaches the compressive strength of slope body itself, just there is unexpected shear failure in slope body, and what form slope body cuts mouth (Fig. 2).So cutting port part 12 should be position, compressive stress field, i.e. the main skating area 11 of slope body and the handing-over position in anti-skid district.

(1) its vertical displacement vectors angle development law and feature thereof of side slope elastic compression steady-state deformation stage

If side slope is the homogeneous with relative fixed angle, isotropic body, the thickness of side slope is homogeneous or approximate homogeneous change, and side slope is formed under gravity to be out of shape and to gradate formation landslide and cuts mouth.Its side slope model coordinate transition diagram as shown in Figure 3.

First, OA=Δ y ' OE=Δ x ' CD=Δ xOC=Δ y is made

Then

AB＝Δy’tanθ(7)

BD＝Δx’-AB＝Δx’-Δy’tanθ(8)

So

Δx=CD=BDcosθ＝（Δx’-Δy’tanθ）cosθ(9)

Again because with BC=BDsin θ=(Δ x '-Δ y ' tan θ) sin θ

Then

$\mathrm{\&Delta;y}=\mathrm{OB}+\mathrm{BC}=\frac{\mathrm{\&Delta;y}\text{'}}{\cos \mathrm{\&theta;}}+(\mathrm{\&Delta;x}\text{'}-\mathrm{\&Delta;}y\text{'}\tan \mathrm{\&theta;})\sin \mathrm{\&theta;}---\left(10\right)$

Perpendicular displacement direction rate:

$\frac{\mathrm{\&Delta;y}}{\mathrm{\&Delta;x}}=\frac{\mathrm{OB}+\mathrm{BC}}{\mathrm{CD}}=\frac{\frac{\mathrm{\&Delta;y}\text{'}}{\cos \mathrm{\&theta;}}+(\mathrm{\&Delta;x}\text{'}-\mathrm{\&Delta;y}\text{'}\tan \mathrm{\&theta;})\sin \mathrm{\&theta;}}{(\mathrm{\&Delta;x}\text{'}-\mathrm{\&Delta;y}\text{'}\tan \mathrm{\&theta;})\cos \mathrm{\&theta;}}=\frac{\mathrm{\&Delta;y}\text{'}}{(\mathrm{\&Delta;x}\text{'}-\mathrm{\&Delta;y}\text{'}\tan \mathrm{\&theta;}){\cos }^2\mathrm{\&theta;}}+\tan \mathrm{\&theta;}---\left(11\right)$

Will $\begin{array}{cc}\mathrm{\&Delta;x}\text{'}=\frac{\mathrm{\&Delta;F}}{\mathrm{HE}}& \mathrm{\&Delta;y}\text{'}=2\mathrm{\&mu;}\frac{\mathrm{\&Delta;F}}{E}\end{array}$ Substitute into above formula and can obtain displacement vector angle:

$\mathrm{\&theta;}=\frac{\mathrm{\&Delta;y}}{\mathrm{\&Delta;x}}=\arctan \left\{\begin{array}{c}\frac{2\mathrm{\&mu;}\frac{\mathrm{\&Delta;F}}{E}}{(\frac{\mathrm{\&Delta;F}}{\mathrm{HE}}-2\mathrm{\&mu;}\frac{\mathrm{\&Delta;F}}{E}\tan \mathrm{\&theta;}){\cos }^2\mathrm{\&theta;}}\end{array}+\tan \mathrm{\&theta;}\right\}$

$=\arctan \left\{\begin{array}{c}\frac{2\mathrm{\&mu;}}{(\frac{1}{H}-2\mathrm{\&mu;}\tan \mathrm{\&theta;}){\cos }^2\mathrm{\&theta;}}+\tan \mathrm{\&theta;}\end{array}\right\}---\left(12\right)$

$\arctan =\left\{\begin{array}{c}\frac{2\mathrm{H\&mu;}}{(1-2\mathrm{H\&mu;}\tan \mathrm{\&theta;}){\cos }^2\mathrm{\&theta;}}+\tan \mathrm{\&theta;}\end{array}\right\}$

By the equation at vertical displacement vectors angle, can draw to draw a conclusion:

When side slope enters into the slow compression deformation stage, due to adjustment and the change of body stress field, slope, make increase to some extent or reduce, slope-mass slide displacement acceleration also increases thereupon or reduces, but, in this process, the vertical displacement vectors angle of side slope remains unchanged all the time, and this can find out from formula (12) above, the side slope vertical displacement vectors angle in this stage is only relevant with the inclination angle of side slope, slope Poisson ratio that the is thick and soil body, when side slope physical property is determined, vertical displacement vectors angle is just a definite value, and with have nothing to do with time variations, so its vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed is relatively stable constant constant, therefore its azimuth angle rate of acceleration should be zero.

(2) side slope plasticity unsteady deformation with cut its vertical displacement vectors angle Changing Pattern and feature thereof of interruption-forming stage

Side slope, after compression stage terminates, along with adjustment and the change of its stress, will form area of stress concentration at the inner different parts of slope body.Just plastic zone is formed in side slope inside when the shear stress of concentration zones is more than or equal to the shearing strength of slope body.Along with the continuous expansion of plastic zone, different plasticity district will connect through and then form complete plastic flow district, now will there is discontinuous nonlinear plastic yield and displacement in slope body, and simultaneously slope body will proceed to plastic period, imply that to overall collapse future development.

If homogeneous isotropism body Accumulation slope inclination angle is θ.X is set up with parallel domatic and vertical line of slope ⁺, Y ⁺rectangular coordinate system.The principal effective stress of certain point in its slope body be α with the angle of X-axis; Be β by two slip characteristics lines of this point _-and β ₊; for each characteristic curve is by the rate of displacement component of this point; Its synthesis rate amount is with (Fig. 4).

According to plasticity analysis principle, utilize effective stress, if slope body Principal plastic strain rate with with plastic yielding function tangent slope is directly proportional, then

Wherein: c ' is effective cohesion, for effective angle of inner friction.

According to Plastic Flow rule, by above formula pair

${\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}_2=0---\left(15\right)$

In formula: λ determines scale-up factor.

Average principal strain rate can be obtained and maximal shear strain rate is respectively by formula (12) and formula (14):

$\frac{{\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}_1-{\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}_3}{2}=\frac{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{2}---\left(18\right)$

From formula (15) and formula (16) cancellation λ, can obtain slope deforming continuity equation is

As can be seen from the above equation, if then plasticity slope body must occur that volume increases.According to the principle that the principal axes of stress are coordinated mutually with main rate of displacement axle, known:

$\frac{{2\mathrm{\&sigma;}}_{\mathrm{xy}}}{{\mathrm{\&sigma;}}_x^{\&prime;}-{\mathrm{\&sigma;}}_y^{\&prime;}}=\frac{2{\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}_{\mathrm{xy}}}{{\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}_x-{\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}_y}=\tan 2\mathrm{\&alpha;}---\left(20\right)$

Make U and V be respectively the rate of displacement component of slope body in X and Y-direction, and compression deformation speed is just, definable rate of deformation is as follows for this reason:

${\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}_x=-\frac{\&PartialD;U}{\&PartialD;x}---\left(21\right)$

${\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}_y=-\frac{\&PartialD;V}{\&PartialD;y}---\left(22\right)$

${\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}_{\mathrm{xy}}=-\frac{1}{2}(\frac{\&PartialD;V}{\&PartialD;x}+\frac{\&PartialD;U}{\&PartialD;y})---\left(23\right)$

Utilize rate of deformation transfer equation, known:

${\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}_x=\left(\frac{{\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}_1+{\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}_3}{2}\right)+\left(\frac{{\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}_1-{\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}_3}{2}\right)\cos 2\mathrm{\&alpha;}---\left(24\right)$

${\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}_y=\left(\frac{{\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}_1+{\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}_3}{2}\right)-\left(\frac{{\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}_1-{\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}_3}{2}\right)\cos 2\mathrm{\&alpha;}---\left(25\right)$

${\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}_{\mathrm{xy}}=\left(\frac{{\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}_1-{\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}_3}{2}\right)\sin 2\mathrm{\&alpha;}---\left(26\right)$

By formula (15) and formula (16), can obtain:

${\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}_{\mathrm{xy}}=-\frac{1}{2}(\frac{\&PartialD;V}{\&PartialD;x}+\frac{\&PartialD;U}{\&PartialD;y})=\frac{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{2}\sin 2\mathrm{\&alpha;}---\left(29\right)$

So, from formula (19), as long as slope body the change of slope body volumetric strain must cause the change of Ti Yany+ direction, slope rate of displacement, thus the change of surface displacement vector angle tendency also will inevitably be caused large or diminish.Order for the longitudinal the rate of plastic deformation of side slope, there is γ < 0, show that side slope is in compression zone, surface displacement vector angle will diminish; γ > 0, then show that side slope is in and draw a state, its surface displacement vector angle will become large.

According to formula (21 ~ 30) and the slope body deformability condition of continuity, can obtain plastic period side slope vertical displacement vectors angle is:

$\mathrm{\&theta;}=\arctan \left(\frac{-\&PartialD;V/\&PartialD;y}{-\&PartialD;U/\&PartialD;x}\right)=\arctan \left(\frac{{\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}_y}{{\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&epsiv;}}}_x}\right)$

Can be drawn to draw a conclusion by formula (31):

1) size of slope displacement azimuth and Δ F have nothing to do; Relative to the displacement of side slope, its impact by extraneous factor change is less, has more relative stability;

2) according to coulomb failure criteria, when Slope body enters plastic yield by compression deformation, the α value of body plastic zone, slope will equal 45 ° now the vertical displacement vectors angle of side slope is infinitely great by convergence.When this result shows that plastic flow face appears in slope body, appearance suddenlys change by its surrender position, deep plasticity perpendicular displacement amount, this sudden change will inevitably cause the sudden change at side slope vertical displacement vectors angle, and therefore, namely the mutation process at side slope vertical displacement vectors angle is that landslide cuts interruption-forming process.

The deformation based Monitoring Data that the present invention relates to is determined to come down and is cut the method for mouth, specifically comprises eight steps:

1, the determination of slope, landslide body scope and choosing of main Monitoring Profiles

To break wall, tension gash, slope body leading edge and left and right avris fracture distribution feature according to the peripheral trailing edge in landslide 01, the main Monitoring Profiles line on determine to come down slope body scope and landslide;

2, position, monitoring point is chosen and numbering

Monitoring point for displacement is made up of displacement monitoring reference point 02 and landslide displacement distortion monitoring points 03, displacement monitoring reference point K _x(x>=3) are selected in stable basement rock or the region without distortion beyond the body of slope, monitoring landslide, formation control net 04; Landslide displacement distortion monitoring points is arranged on landslide area principal section line 05, should arrange its monitoring point F from the trailing edge tension wall that breaks to the slope body leading edge horizontal range such as successively _i, wherein i=1 ~ n;

3, monitoring equipment is installed and displacement monitoring

Arrange in step (2) monitoring point for displacement correspondence and wireless monitor change in displacement equipment 06(numbering F is installed _i) and displacement monitoring reference point (K ₁~ K _x) monitoring equipment 07, the monitoring equipment buried underground is combined closely with top layer, landslide, separate between equipment, non-interference, monitor each monitoring point level, perpendicular displacement changing value; Utilize outdoor transacter GPS08 by real-time data transmission to intelligent remote monitoring station 09, the rough handling of transmission data separate computer software is analyzed, and typing Excel form;

4, heterogeneity distorted area, landslide and landslide cut the determination in interruption-forming district

According to the Monitoring Data of the horizontal shift aggregate-value of adjacent two distortion monitoring points of main Monitoring Profiles, determine the heterogeneity distorted area that comes down:

1) as horizontal shift value X _i> X _i+1, show that the body trailing edge distortion of slope, landslide is greater than landslide leading edge distortion, then can judge that this region, two monitoring points is as compression deformation district, landslide;

2) as horizontal shift value X _i< X _i+1: show that the body leading edge distortion of slope, landslide is greater than landslide trailing edge distortion, then can judge that this region, two monitoring points is as tension distorted area, landslide;

3) as horizontal shift value X _i≈ X _i+1: show that the body trailing edge distortion of slope, landslide is out of shape equal with landslide leading edge, then can judge that this region, two monitoring points is as integral translation distorted area, landslide;

X _i, X _i+1represent the Monitoring Data of the horizontal shift aggregate-value of landslide slope body main Monitoring Profiles distortion monitoring points i, i+1 respectively, i=1 ~ n, n get the integer being greater than 1.

4) cut the mechanical condition of interruption-forming according to landslide, can determine that landslide cuts interruption-forming district for compression deformation district, landslide.

Carry out analysis according to Monitoring Data to this landslide can obtain, landslide rear edge part is tension distorted area, landslide, middle part is integral translation distorted area, landslide, and leading edge portion is compression deformation district, landslide, and be provided with two monitoring point for displacements (C, D) at the domatic crush zone in this landslide, and the horizontal shift of landslide monitoring point and perpendicular displacement are monitored.

5, the determination at vertical displacement vectors angle, compression deformation district, landslide

Cutting the position of mouth for accurately determining to come down, at slope body crimp zone encryption monitoring point for displacement, and the vertical displacement vectors angle of monitoring point need be determined.Make x ⁽⁰⁾, y ⁽⁰⁾be respectively horizontal and vertical Displacement Sequence, x ⁽¹⁾, y ⁽¹⁾for their cumulative sequence, wherein the accumulated sequence of a kth point is

$x_{\left(k\right)}^{\left(1\right)}=\underset{j=1}{\overset{j}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{x}_{\left(j\right)}^{\left(0\right)},y_{\left(k\right)}^{\left(1\right)}=\underset{j=1}{\overset{j}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{y}_{\left(j\right)}^{\left(0\right)}---\left(1\right)$

Wherein j represents total number of institute's monitoring time interval t, represent horizontal and vertical Displacement Sequence numerical value in jth monitoring time interval.

Then defining displacement vector angle is the vertical accumulative displacement of monitoring point and the angle of horizontal accumulative displacement, namely

${\mathrm{\&theta;}}_k=\arctan \frac{y_{\left(k\right)}^{\left(1\right)}}{x_{\left(k\right)}^{\left(1\right)}}---\left(2\right)$

6, the determination of side slope vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed

With certain hour interval t, the vertical displacement vectors angle of monitoring point, Po Ti crimp district is monitored, determines vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed parameter time series:

Wherein the azimuth angular speed of an interval t time period kth point is

${\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&theta;}}}_k=\frac{{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_k^1-{\mathrm{\&theta;}}_k^0}{t}---\left(3\right)$

Wherein represent respectively a kth monitoring point time interval t initially and finish time vertical displacement vectors angle value.

Table 1C, D monitoring point vertical displacement, horizontal shift and displacement vector angle angular speed statistical form

Note: displacement: mm; Vertical displacement vectors angle: degree (°) rate of displacement: mm/M; Vertical displacement: Sh; Horizontal shift: Sv; Vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed:

7, vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed Time Series Mean and mean square deviation and landslide cut the determination of interruption-forming criterion

Whether the vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed for analysis and resolution crush zone monitoring point occurs that in monitoring time sudden change or occurrence tendency reduce change, first adds up and determine mean value and the sequence mean square deviation of vertical displacement vectors angle, a certain monitoring point angular speed:

$\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{\mathrm{\&theta;}}=\frac{1}{n}\underset{k=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{\&theta;}}}_k---\left(4\right)$

$\mathrm{\&sigma;}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{n-1}\underset{k=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{({\stackrel{\&CenterDot;}{\mathrm{\&theta;}}}_k-\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{\mathrm{\&theta;}})}^2}---\left(5\right)$

According to statistical principle, by vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed mean value with 3 times of sums of vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed sequence meansquaredeviationσ as the criterion cutting interruption-forming that comes down, namely

$\left[\mathrm{\&theta;}\right]=\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{\mathrm{\&theta;}}+3\mathrm{\&sigma;}---\left(6\right)$

Result of calculation is in table 2 and Fig. 7, Fig. 8.

Table 2 landslide cuts mouthful vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed Time Series Mean and a mean-variance criterion

8, displacement vector angle angular speed mean square deviation Anomaly criterion is used to determine to come down and cut the position of mouth

According to displacement vector angle angular speed mean square deviation Anomaly criterion, the determining step of its position cutting mouth of determining to come down is as follows:

1) if vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed is less than or equals vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed mean value with the criterion of 3 times of mean square deviation sums of vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed sequence meansquaredeviationσ, then show just extrusion stress distributive province, landslide, position, monitoring point, do not form landslide and cut mouth;

2) if vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed is greater than vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed mean value with the criterion of 3 times of mean square deviation sums of vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed sequence meansquaredeviationσ, then show that formation landslide is cut mouth by this position, monitoring point, its distributed areas, monitoring point are that landslide cuts interruption-forming position.

From above result, just extrusion stress distributive province, landslide, position, C, D two monitoring points before in July, 1985, and when July, vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed is greater than 3 times of mean square deviations of vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed Time Series Mean, then show that formation landslide is cut mouth by this position, monitoring point, its position, monitoring point is that landslide cuts interruption-forming position, and wherein D monitoring point is more more close than C monitoring point cuts interruption-forming position.

Above application example shows, the present invention cuts the method for mouth by utilizing displacement monitoring data to determine to come down, and the control for follow-up landslide provides reliably foundation.The present invention has that to determine that landslide cuts mouthful positional precision high, simple and efficient, and feature easy to implement, shows that engineer applied is strong, have very important practical significance.

By reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described although above-mentioned; but not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various amendment or distortion that creative work can make still within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. utilize slope displacement monitoring Data Detection and determine to come down and cut a method for mouth, it is characterized in that, comprising:

1) determination of slope, landslide body scope and choosing of main Monitoring Profiles;

2) position, monitoring point is chosen and numbering;

3) monitoring equipment is installed and displacement monitoring;

4) heterogeneity distorted area, landslide and landslide cut the determination in interruption-forming district;

5) determination at vertical displacement vectors angle, compression deformation district, landslide;

6) determination of side slope vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed;

7) vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed Time Series Mean and mean square deviation and landslide cut the determination of interruption-forming criterion;

8) displacement vector angle angular speed mean square deviation Anomaly criterion is used to determine to come down and cut the position of mouth;

Described step 2) in, monitoring point for displacement is made up of displacement monitoring reference point and landslide displacement distortion monitoring points, displacement monitoring reference point K _xbe selected in stable basement rock or the region without distortion beyond the slope body of monitoring landslide, formation control net, wherein, x be more than or equal to 3 integer; Landslide displacement distortion monitoring points is arranged on the main Monitoring Profiles line in landslide area, should from trailing edge tension break be sewn to slope body leading edge successively etc. horizontal range its monitoring point F is set _i, wherein, i=1 ~ n, n get the integer being greater than 1, and i represents the integer between 1 to n, represent monitoring point number.

2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 1) in, to break seam, tension gash, slope body leading edge and left and right avris fracture distribution feature according to the peripheral trailing edge tension in landslide, determine the main Monitoring Profiles line on landslide slope body scope and landslide.

3. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 3) in, in step 2) the corresponding monitoring equipment arranging installation wireless monitor change in displacement equipment and displacement monitoring reference point of monitoring point for displacement, the monitoring equipment buried underground is combined closely with top layer, landslide, separate between equipment, non-interference, monitor each monitoring point horizontal shift changing value, perpendicular displacement changing value; Utilize outdoor transacter GPS by real-time data transmission to intelligent remote monitoring station, the rough handling of transmission data separate computing machine is analyzed, and typing form.

4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 4) in, according to the Monitoring Data of the horizontal shift aggregate-value of adjacent two distortion monitoring points of main Monitoring Profiles, determine the heterogeneity distorted area that comes down:

1) as horizontal shift value X _i> X _i+1, show that the body trailing edge distortion of slope, landslide is greater than landslide leading edge distortion, then judge that this region, two monitoring points is as compression deformation district, landslide;

2) as horizontal shift value X _i< X _i+1: show that the body leading edge distortion of slope, landslide is greater than landslide trailing edge distortion, then judge that this region, two monitoring points is as tension distorted area, landslide;

3) as horizontal shift value X _i≈ X _i+1: show that the body trailing edge distortion of slope, landslide is out of shape equal with landslide leading edge, then judge that this region, two monitoring points is as integral translation distorted area, landslide;

X _i, X _i+1represent the Monitoring Data of the horizontal shift aggregate-value of landslide slope body main Monitoring Profiles distortion monitoring points i, i+1 respectively, i=1 ~ n, n get the integer being greater than 1;

4) cut the mechanical condition of interruption-forming according to landslide, determine that landslide cuts interruption-forming district for compression deformation district, landslide.

5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 5) in, cutting the position of mouth for accurately determining to come down, at slope body crimp zone encryption monitoring point for displacement, and the vertical displacement vectors angle of monitoring point need be determined, making x ⁽⁰⁾, y ⁽⁰⁾be respectively horizontal and vertical Displacement Sequence, x ⁽¹⁾, y ⁽¹⁾for their cumulative sequence, wherein the accumulated sequence of a kth point is

Wherein j represents total number of institute's monitoring time interval t, represent horizontal and vertical Displacement Sequence numerical value in jth monitoring time interval;

Then defining vertical displacement vectors angle is the vertical accumulative displacement of monitoring point and the angle theta of horizontal accumulative displacement _k, namely

6. method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described step 6) in, with the vertical displacement vectors angle θ of time interval t to monitoring point, Po Ti crimp district _kmonitor, determine vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed parameter time series:

The wherein vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed of an interval t time period kth monitoring point for

Wherein represent respectively a kth monitoring point time interval t initially and finish time vertical displacement vectors angle value.

7. method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described step 7) in, whether the vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed for analysis and resolution crush zone monitoring point occurs that in monitoring time sudden change or occurrence tendency reduce change, first adds up and determine the mean value of vertical displacement vectors angle, a certain monitoring point angular speed with sequence meansquaredeviationσ:

According to statistical principle, by vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed mean value with 3 times of sums of vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed sequence meansquaredeviationσ as the criterion cutting interruption-forming that comes down, namely

Wherein [θ] is the criterion that landslide cuts interruption-forming, σ is respectively mean value and the sequence mean square deviation of vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed.

8. method as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, described step 8) in, whether the criterion cutting interruption-forming according to landslide is abnormal, and the determining step of the position cutting mouth of determining to come down is as follows:

1) if vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed be less than or equal vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed mean value with the criterion of 3 times of sums of vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed sequence meansquaredeviationσ, then show just extrusion stress distributive province, landslide, position, monitoring point, do not form landslide and cut mouth;

2) if vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed be greater than vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed mean value with the criterion of 3 times of sums of vertical displacement vectors angle angular speed sequence meansquaredeviationσ, then show that formation landslide is cut mouth by this position, monitoring point, its distributed areas, monitoring point are that landslide cuts interruption-forming position.