CN103439742A - Velocity analysis method based on stacked sections - Google Patents
Velocity analysis method based on stacked sections Download PDFInfo
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- CN103439742A CN103439742A CN2013103854841A CN201310385484A CN103439742A CN 103439742 A CN103439742 A CN 103439742A CN 2013103854841 A CN2013103854841 A CN 2013103854841A CN 201310385484 A CN201310385484 A CN 201310385484A CN 103439742 A CN103439742 A CN 103439742A
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Abstract
The invention provides a velocity analysis method based on stacked sections. The velocity analysis method comprises the steps that the first stacked section a is formed in a stacked mode based on a first velocity v1 of a time-velocity pair picked up from an energy spectrum; a position with an imaging effect higher than a preset standard is selected from the first stacked section a for velocity pickup so as to generate a second velocity v2; the second velocity v2 is used for forming the second stacked section b; the first stacked section a and the second stacked section b are contrasted according to a structural interpretation position and/or imaging effects so as to select positions with better imaging effects from the first stacked section a and the second stacked section b for velocity pickup.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geophysical survey Seismic Data Processing Technique field, more specifically, relate to a kind of velocity analysis method based on stacked section used in the geophysical survey process of seismic data processing.
Background technology
The conventional speeds analysis is to pick up in the enterprising line speed of velocity sweeping energy spectrum, by the speed of picking up, CMP road collection is moved to school in real time, carries out the quality control of velocity pick.And, on the basis of above velocity analysis, the speed of picking up is mapped to the enterprising line speed correction of multiple tracks stacked section.
Publication number is CN101251604, and the Chinese patent application that open day is on August 27th, 2008 discloses a kind of two parameter converted-wave velocity analysis and normal moveout correction method, comprising: extract CMP road collection, carry out the conventional stacking velocity analysis, ask for the compressional wave NMO velocity; Extract the transformed wave common midpoint gather; Transformed wave common midpoint gather data are input, utilize formula (A) to carry out initial velocity than analyzing; The transformed wave common-shot-gather data of take are input, and the compressional wave NMO velocity that utilizes analysis to obtain, initial velocity are than the calculating of carrying out common position of conversion point, and then extraction CCP road collection; Utilize formula (A) to carry out the velocity ratio analysis; Utilize formula (B) to carry out transformed wave CCP road collection normal moveout correction; Extract final transformed wave CCP road collection and transformed wave stack.
Publication number is CN102096103A, the Chinese patent application that open day is on June 15th, 2011 discloses a kind of velocity analysis method for the low signal-to-noise ratio seismic data, comprise: (1) chooses the location that the data signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) is high, adopts the velocity sweeping extraction rate; (2) centered by this speed, the precentagewise interval increases progressively, successively decreases, and variable speed scanning goes out the stacked section of many different weight percentage speed; (3) projection structure elucidation layer position on the stacked section of the different weight percentage speed scanned; (4) carry out the pickup velocity constraint according to the velocity range of setting different layers position, structure elucidation layer position; (5) carry out velocity pick according to structure elucidation layer position at the imaging effect of the stacked section of different weight percentage speed.
But, the information that above conventional speeds pick-up method has only utilized a common midpoint (CMP point) and near a small amount of CMP to order usually, do not take full advantage of tectonic information and instruct velocity pick, and, velocity analysis in its processing procedure is the process of many wheel iteration, every error of taking turns the artificial analysis in iteration inevitably can be revised as inaccurate value by the velocity amplitude that imaging effect is good accurately, causes the imaging effect variation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of velocity analysis method based on stacked section, comprising: the right First Speed v1 of time m-speed based on picking up from energy spectrum superposes and produces the first stacked section a; Choose imaging effect and carry out velocity pick higher than the position of preset standard on the first stacked section a, to produce second speed v2; Utilize second speed v2 to generate the second stacked section b; According to structure elucidation layer position and/or imaging effect, the first stacked section a and the second stacked section b are compared, to be chosen to carry out velocity pick as the position of better effects if in the first stacked section a and the second stacked section b.
According to an aspect of the present invention, in the step that produces the first stacked section a, if can not pick up effective time speed pair from energy spectrum, adopt initial velocity to be superposeed to produce the first stacked section a.
According to an aspect of the present invention, if exist be familiar with or identified structure elucidation layer position, after producing the first stacked section a, structure elucidation layer position information projection is shown to the first stacked section a.
According to an aspect of the present invention, if exist be familiar with or identified structure elucidation layer position, after generating the second stacked section b, structure elucidation layer position information projection is shown to the second stacked section b.
According to an aspect of the present invention, in the step that produces second speed v2, according to the second speed v2 picked up, produce in real time velocity profile.
According to an aspect of the present invention, in being chosen to carry out the step of velocity pick as effective position, according to the speed of picking up, produce in real time velocity profile in the first stacked section a and the second stacked section b.
The accompanying drawing explanation
By the description of carrying out below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, above and other purpose of the present invention and characteristics will become apparent, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram according to the velocity analysis method based on stacked section of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below provide the description carried out with reference to accompanying drawing to contribute to complete understanding as claim and exemplary embodiment of the present invention that equivalent was limited thereof.Described description comprises that various detailed details are to contribute to understanding, and these descriptions will be considered to only for exemplary.Therefore, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize and can make without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention various change described here and modification.In addition, for clear and succinct, can omit the description to known function and structure.
As shown in Figure 1, at first at step S101, the right First Speed v1 of time m-speed based on picking up from energy spectrum superposes and produces the first stacked section a.Here, if can not pick up effective time speed pair from energy spectrum, adopt initial velocity to be superposeed to produce the first stacked section a.
Next, at step S103, structure elucidation layer position information projection is shown to the first stacked section a.The projection of structure elucidation layer position information can be for the constraint of the pickup velocity scope of the velocity range of setting the different layers position.Yet structure elucidation layer that if there is no be familiar with or identified position, can omit step S103.
Then, at step S105, choose imaging effect and carry out velocity pick higher than the position of preset standard on the first stacked section a, to produce second speed v2.Here, can by checking stacked section, whether axle be continuously clear and/or whether meet existing understanding or identified geologic feature determines that whether imaging effect is higher than preset standard in the same way.
Then, at step S107, utilize the second speed v2 produced at step S105 to generate the second stacked section b.
Next, at step S109, structure elucidation layer position information projection can be shown to the second stacked section b.Similarly, structure elucidation layer that if there is no be familiar with or identified position, can omit step S109.
Finally, at step S111, according to structure elucidation layer position and/or imaging effect, the first stacked section a and the second stacked section b are compared, to be chosen to carry out velocity pick as the position of better effects if in the first stacked section a and the second stacked section b.For example, suppose to be better than the second stacked section b at the imaging effect of the first stacked section a of the time point 500ms place of CMP2200, therefore for CMP2200, in the speed at 500ms place, select the speed v 1 of the first stacked section a to carry out velocity analysis.Suppose the time point 1200ms place at CMP2500, the imaging of the second stacked section b more meets geological structure information, so CMP2500 selects the speed v 2 of the second stacked section b to carry out velocity analysis in the speed at 1200ms place.
Preferably, in the step S105 and S111 of velocity analysis method according to an embodiment of the invention, in pickup velocity, produce in real time velocity profile with the quality control for rate pattern.That is to say, when step S105 picks up second speed v2, produce in real time the velocity profile for second speed v2, and, when choosing in First Speed v1 and second speed v2 in step S111, produce in real time the velocity profile for a speed in preferred First Speed v1 and second speed v2.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that the present invention reaches is as follows:
1, the present invention takes full advantage of macroscopical section and structure elucidation is controlled velocity analysis, the conventional speeds analysis is picked up from only relying on energy spectrum or multiple tracks stack small section vertically to pick up to expand to horizontal dependence stacked section, improved like this quality of velocity model building, in the velocity analysis of processing at the low signal-to-noise ratio seismic data especially, performance is more outstanding.
2, the present invention has overcome in seismic data the very few or energy spectrum of useful information and does not restrain and cause the inaccurate technical matters of velocity analysis, and velocity pick is more accurate, thereby can build exactly rate pattern in low signal-to-noise ratio area and the serious area of multiple reflection.
3, the present invention has overcome information localization in the pick process, can't utilize comprehensive information and cause the technical matters of quality of profile variation, can carry out the real-time selected by comparison of many wheels speed, can build more accurately rate pattern.
The method according to this invention can be recorded in and comprise that execution is in the computer-readable medium of the programmed instruction of computer implemented various operations.Medium also can only include programmed instruction or comprise the data file that combines with programmed instruction, data structure etc.The example of computer-readable medium comprises magnetic medium (for example hard disk, floppy disk and tape); Optical medium (for example CD-ROM and DVD); Magnet-optical medium (for example, CD); And special preparation for example, for the hardware unit (, ROM (read-only memory) (ROM), random access memory (RAM), flash memory etc.) of storage execution of program instructions.Medium can be also the transmission medium (such as optical line or metal wire, waveguide etc.) that comprises the carrier wave of the signal that transmits established procedure instruction, data structure etc.The example of programmed instruction for example comprises can use the file of interpreter by the high-level code of computing machine execution by the machine code of compiler generation with comprising.
Although with reference to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, specifically shown and described the present invention, but it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art, in the situation that do not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention that are defined by the claims, can carry out the various changes on form and details to it.
Claims (7)
1. the velocity analysis method based on stacked section comprises:
The right First Speed v1 of time m-speed based on picking up from energy spectrum superposes and produces the first stacked section a;
Choose imaging effect and carry out velocity pick higher than the position of preset standard on the first stacked section a, to produce second speed v2;
Utilize second speed v2 to generate the second stacked section b;
According to structure elucidation layer position and/or imaging effect, the first stacked section a and the second stacked section b are compared, to be chosen to carry out velocity pick as the position of better effects if in the first stacked section a and the second stacked section b.
2. velocity analysis method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, in the step that produces the first stacked section a, if can not pick up effective time speed pair from energy spectrum, adopt initial velocity to be superposeed to produce the first stacked section a.
3. velocity analysis method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, in the step that produces second speed v2, whether continuously whether clear the and/or stacked section of the axle in the same way by checking stacked section meet existing understanding or identified geologic feature determines that whether imaging effect is higher than preset standard.
4. velocity analysis method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, if exist be familiar with or identified structure elucidation layer position, after producing the first stacked section a, structure elucidation layer position information projection is shown to the first stacked section a.
5. velocity analysis method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, if exist be familiar with or identified structure elucidation layer position, after generating the second stacked section b, structure elucidation layer position information projection is shown to the second stacked section b.
6. velocity analysis method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, in the step that produces second speed v2, produce velocity profile according to the second speed v2 picked up in real time.
7. velocity analysis method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, in being chosen to carry out the step of velocity pick as effective position in the first stacked section a and the second stacked section b, produce velocity profile according to the speed of picking up in real time.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104062682B (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-09-28 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司地球物理勘探公司 | A kind of velocity analysis method based on real-time power spectrum |
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Application publication date: 20131211 |