CN105319592B - The adaptive drawing method of ground Active noise in microseism data - Google Patents
The adaptive drawing method of ground Active noise in microseism data Download PDFInfo
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- CN105319592B CN105319592B CN201410317726.8A CN201410317726A CN105319592B CN 105319592 B CN105319592 B CN 105319592B CN 201410317726 A CN201410317726 A CN 201410317726A CN 105319592 B CN105319592 B CN 105319592B
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Abstract
The adaptive drawing method of ground Active noise includes in the microseism data of the present invention：The Annual distribution scope of Active noise is determined using energy ratio between the long window and the short window；For the microseism data of ground Active noise development, according to the most strong principle of stack power, three-dimensional optimum search is carried out along ground, determines the position coordinates of Active noise and noise transmission speed；According to the position coordinates of Active noise and noise transmission speed, the dynamic correction value of each microseism station is calculated, and to microseism data into action correction process；Compression process is carried out to Active noise microseism data using adaptive average power method, obtains the microseism data of high s/n ratio.The present invention is on the basis of definite Active noise Annual distribution, the Active noise coordinate position and spread speed obtained according to three-dimensional optimum search, ground Active noise is effectively suppressed by adaptive energy averaging method, the effective information in microseism data is not damaged so that the signal-to-noise ratio of microseism data is largely increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to microseism data de-noising treatment technologies in oil gas geophysical exploration, especially relate to microseism
The adaptive drawing method of ground Active noise in data.
Background technology
It is two main physical property characteristics of non-conventional gas and oil effective reservoir compared with low-porosity and compared with low-permeability, fracturing reform
Work is the effective ways of unconventionaloil pool resource exploitation, can improve the crack system of effective reservoir by fracturing reform work
System improves effective permeability and production capacity.Micro-seismic monitoring is most effective, most economical at present and most timely Fracturing Monitoring technology.
Microseismic mainly includes borehole microseismic monitoring and ground micro-seismic monitoring, and borehole microseismic monitoring cost is high, right
Well site condition requirement is harsh, but the signal-to-noise ratio of microseism data is relatively high；Ground micro-seismic monitoring cost is relatively low, and
And with higher flexibility, but ground Active noise seriously affects the signal-to-noise ratio of microseism data.
In ground micro-seismic monitoring gatherer process is carried out, due to the influence of earth's surface various factors, in microseism data
Face Active noise is very more, such as：Well site Active noise, villages and small towns factory Active noise, construction site Active noise and terrain vehicle
Active noise etc..All kinds of Active noises seriously affect the signal-to-noise ratio of microseism data, add microseism in microseism data
The identification difficulty of validity event.It is also relatively fewer currently for the noise-removed technology of microseism data, in the low noise of microseism data
Than in the case of, it is necessary to by targetedly ground Active noise compression process means, the letter of microseism data can be improved
It makes an uproar and compares, so as to fulfill the accurate positionin of the effective micro-seismic event of microseism.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to the situation that ground Active noise is developed in microseism data, a kind of microseism number is provided
According to the adaptive drawing method of middle ground Active noise.
The present invention uses following technical scheme.
The adaptive drawing method of ground Active noise, comprises the following steps in microseism data：
Step 1：The automatic identification of Active noise is carried out using energy ratio between the long window and the short window method, obtains having in microseism data
The ripple of source noise determines the Annual distribution scope of Active noise to the lineups moment；
Step 2：In the microseism data of ground Active noise development, according to the most strong principle of stack power, along ground
Three-dimensional optimum search is carried out, while determines the position coordinates of Active noise and noise transmission speed；
Step 3：According to the position coordinates of Active noise and noise transmission speed, the dynamic school of each microseism station is calculated
Positive quantity, and to microseism data into action correction process；
Step:4：Adaptive compression process is carried out to containing Active noise microseism data, and carries out reaction correction process,
Finally obtain the microseism data of high s/n ratio.
Preferably, the step 1 comprises the concrete steps that：
The distribution of micro-seismic monitoring observation system, the microseism data collected and ground Active noise is all led
Enter；
First, short time-window and the energy value of the microseism data in long window scope, the variation of short time-window energy value are calculated
Situation often than it is long when window energy value situation of change it is fast, with short time-window average energy with it is long when window average energy carry out
Comparison, in the case of there are Active noise, energy ratio between the long window and the short window value will significantly increase；Secondly, an identification energy is set
Measure threshold values, when energy ratio between the long window and the short window value be more than threshold values when, then the moment there is Active noise, when long short time-window energy value is small
When threshold values, then there is no Active noises；Again, the ripple of Active noise in microseism data is obtained to the axis moment in the same direction, is formed
The preliminary time distribution of one Active noise；Finally, judge and identify with reference to interaction, determine Active noise in microseism number
Correct time distribution in.
Preferably, the step 2 comprises the concrete steps that：
In the microseism data of ground Active noise development, the stack power based on all microseism station data is maximum
Principle carries out three-dimensional optimum search along ground Active noise distribution, while noise transmission speed is searched for, calculates active
Each location point reaches the arrival time of the microseism station in noise distribution, according to corresponding arrival time to microseism
All track datas after dynamic correction process are overlapped by data into action correction process, ask for the micro- of each location point
Seismic data is superimposed energy value, when stack power value reaches maximum, illustrates this location point and corresponding noise transmission speed
Degree can be optimal elimination due to NMO (normal moveout) caused by propagation distance difference, realize optimal dynamic correction process, this
Location point is the position coordinates of Active noise, this spread speed is the noise transmission speed of Active noise.
Preferably, the step 3 comprises the concrete steps that：
According to ground Active noise position coordinates, noise transmission speed and micro-seismic monitoring observation system coordinate, calculate every
The dynamic correction value of one microseism station.Dynamic correction value is brought into microseism data, microseism data are corrected into action
Processing, eliminates due to NMO (normal moveout) caused by propagation distance difference between different micro-seismic monitoring wave detectors, after moving correction process
The ripple of Active noise to lineups are substantially a horizontal straight line in microseism data.
Preferably, the step 4 comprises the concrete steps that：
For the microseism data in the range of Active noise Annual distribution, the average energy of all microseism station data is calculated
Amount, and according to one adaptive threshold value of microseism data mean value energy balane, more than threshold value average power as active
Noise is suppressed, and the average power below threshold value may include effective information, the average energy value below threshold value not into
Row compression process, so as to fulfill the adaptive compression process of ground Active noise；
Microseism Data Data is finally subjected to reaction correction process, exports ground Active noise adaptively pressed height
Signal-to-noise ratio microseism data.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：The present invention determines the time point of Active noise using energy ratio between the long window and the short window method
Cloth scope by three-dimensional optimum search method, determines the position coordinates of ground Active noise and noise transmission speed, according to definite
Active noise position coordinates and noise transmission speed, calculate the microseism station dynamic correction value, and to microseism data carry out
Correction process is moved, realizes that ground is active using adaptive average power elimination approach in the microseism data after dynamic correction process and makes an uproar
The compacting of sound, and effective information is protected to the greatest extent, the microseism data SNR after denoising is substantially improved, and is conducive to improve
The positioning accuracy of microseism focal point.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the adaptive drawing method flow chart signal of ground Active noise in microseism data in the embodiment of the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 2 is the microseism primary data schematic diagram chosen in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is to carry out three-dimensional optimum search, obtained microseism station data investigation energy along ground in the embodiment of the present invention
Measure three-dimensional distribution map.
Fig. 4 is that in the embodiment of the present invention the initial microseism data of selection are carried out with ground Active noise adaptively at compacting
Microseism schematic diagram data after reason.
Specific embodiment
For enable the present invention above and other objects, features and advantages be clearer and more comprehensible, it is cited below particularly go out preferable implementation
Example, and coordinate institute's accompanying drawings, it is described in detail below.
Embodiment 1.
The overall technological scheme of the adaptive drawing method of ground Active noise includes in a kind of microseism data：
（1）The automatic identification of Active noise is carried out using energy ratio between the long window and the short window method, is obtained active in microseism data
The ripple of noise determines the Annual distribution scope of Active noise to the lineups moment；
（2）In the microseism data of ground Active noise development, according to the most strong principle of stack power, carried out along ground
Three-dimensional optimum search, while determine the position coordinates of Active noise and noise transmission speed；
（3）According to the position coordinates of Active noise and noise transmission speed, the dynamic correction of each microseism station is calculated
Amount, and to microseism data into action correction process；
（4）Adaptive compression process is carried out to containing Active noise microseism data, and carries out reaction correction process, finally
Obtain the microseism data of high s/n ratio.
The Annual distribution scope of Active noise is determined using energy ratio between the long window and the short window method, is searched along ground progress three-dimensional is optimal
Suo Fangfa determines the position coordinates of ground Active noise and noise transmission speed, is realized using adaptive average power elimination approach
The compacting of ground Active noise, the microseism data SNR after denoising are substantially improved, and are conducive to improve microseism focal point
Positioning accuracy.
Embodiment 2.
The adaptive drawing method refinement scheme of ground Active noise includes in a kind of microseism data：
（1）The distribution of micro-seismic monitoring observation system, the microseism data collected and ground Active noise is complete
Portion imports.
（2）Calculate short time-window and the energy value of the microseism data in long window scope, the variation feelings of short time-window energy value
Condition often than it is long when window energy value situation of change it is fast, with short time-window average energy with it is long when window average energy carry out pair
Than, in the case of there are Active noise, energy ratio between the long window and the short window value will significantly increase, and set an identification energy threshold,
When energy ratio between the long window and the short window value be more than threshold values when, then the moment there is Active noise, when long short time-window energy value be less than threshold values
When, then there is no Active noises.
（3）The ripple of Active noise in microseism data is obtained to the axis moment in the same direction, formed Active noise it is preliminary when
Between distribution, with reference to interaction judge and identification, determine correct time distribution of the Active noise in microseism data.
（4）In the microseism data of ground Active noise development, the stack power based on all microseism station data
Maximum principle carries out three-dimensional optimum search along ground Active noise distribution, while noise transmission speed is searched for, calculates
Each location point reaches the arrival time of the microseism station in Active noise distribution, according to corresponding arrival time to micro-
All track datas after dynamic correction process are overlapped by seismic data into action correction process, ask for each location point
Microseism data investigation energy value.
（5）When stack power value reaches maximum, illustrate that this location point and corresponding noise transmission speed can be most
Good elimination realizes optimal dynamic correction process, this location point is due to NMO (normal moveout) caused by propagation distance difference
It is the position coordinates of Active noise, this spread speed is the noise transmission speed of Active noise.
（6）According to ground Active noise position coordinates, noise transmission speed and micro-seismic monitoring observation system coordinate, calculate
The dynamic correction value of each microseism station.Dynamic correction value is brought into microseism data, to microseism data into action school
Positive processing, eliminates due to NMO (normal moveout) caused by propagation distance difference between different micro-seismic monitoring wave detectors, moves correction process
Ripple to the lineups of Active noise are substantially a horizontal straight line in microseism data afterwards.
（7）For the microseism data in the range of Active noise Annual distribution, the equal of all microseism station data is calculated
It is worth energy, and according to one adaptive threshold value of microseism data mean value energy balane, more than the average power conduct of threshold value
Active noise is suppressed, and the average power below threshold value may include effective information, the average energy value below threshold value
Without compression process, so as to fulfill the adaptive compression process of ground Active noise.
（8）Microseism Data Data is subjected to reaction correction process, exports ground Active noise adaptively pressed height
Signal-to-noise ratio microseism data.
Embodiment 3, as shown in Figure 1, the adaptive drawing method of ground Active noise is specifically square in a kind of microseism data
Case includes：.
In step 101, ground micro-seismic is monitored into observation system, the microseism data collected and ground Active noise
The information such as general distribution all import.
In step 102, short time-window and the energy value of the microseism data in long window scope are calculated, is put down with short time-window energy
Average with it is long when window average energy compared, and set one identification energy threshold, when energy ratio between the long window and the short window value is more than
During threshold values, then the moment there is Active noise, obtain the ripple of Active noise in microseism data to the axis moment in the same direction, form one
The preliminary time distribution of a Active noise finally combines interaction and judges and identify, determines Active noise in microseism data
In correct time distribution.
It is folded based on all microseism station data in the microseism data of ground Active noise development in step 103
Add energy maximum principle, three-dimensional optimum search carried out along ground Active noise distribution, ask for each location point micro-ly
Data investigation energy value is shaken, when stack power value reaches maximum, illustrates this position point coordinates and noise transmission speed energy
Enough optimal elimination NMO (normal moveout)s, this location point is the accurate location coordinate of Active noise, this spread speed is
It is the spread speed of Active noise in the earth formation.
In step 104, sat according to ground Active noise position coordinates, noise transmission speed and micro-seismic monitoring observation system
Mark calculates the dynamic correction value of each microseism station.
In step 105, dynamic correction value is brought into microseism data, to microseism data into action correction process, is disappeared
Except due to NMO (normal moveout) caused by propagation distance difference between different micro-seismic monitoring wave detectors, moving Active noise after correction process
Ripple to lineups be substantially a horizontal straight line.
In step 106, for the microseism data in the range of Active noise Annual distribution, all microseism station numbers are calculated
According to average power, and an adaptive threshold value is set according to the microseism data mean value energy that is calculated.
In step 107, for being more than the average power of adaptive threshold value, compression process is carried out as Active noise, by
Average power below adaptive threshold value may include microseism effective information, the average power below threshold value without
Compression process, so as to fulfill the adaptive compression process of ground Active noise.
In step 108, the dynamic correction value being calculated according to step 104 subtracts dynamic correction value from microseism data,
Realize the reaction correction process of microseism Data Data.
In step 109, ground Active noise adaptively pressed high s/n ratio microseism data are exported.
Fig. 2 is the microseism primary data schematic diagram chosen in the embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 3 is to be used in the embodiment of the present invention
Method in the present invention carries out three-dimensional optimum search, obtained microseism station data investigation energy three-dimensional distribution map along ground.
From figure 3, it can be seen that according to microseism station data investigation energy three-dimensional distribution map, it is capable of the coordinate of optimal definite Active noise
Position and noise transmission speed.Fig. 4 is that the primary data of selection is carried out using the method in the present invention in the embodiment of the present invention
Microseism schematic diagram data after the adaptive compression process of ground Active noise.From fig. 4, it can be seen that earth construction sites are driven piles
Machine Active noise is preferably suppressed, and microseism validity event signal is not suffered a loss then.
The above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not makees any type of limitation to the present invention, any to be familiar with
Professional and technical personnel without departing from the scope of the present invention, when the technology contents using the disclosure above make change
Equivalent embodiment that is dynamic or being modified to equivalent variations, it is according to the invention as long as being the content without departing from technical solution of the present invention
Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification that technical spirit makees above example, still falls within technical solution of the present invention
In the range of.
Claims (5)
1. the adaptive drawing method of ground Active noise in microseism data, it is characterised in that including：
Step 1:The automatic identification of Active noise is carried out using energy ratio between the long window and the short window method, obtains active in microseism data make an uproar
The ripple of sound determines the Annual distribution scope of Active noise to the lineups moment；
Step 2:In the microseism data of ground Active noise development, according to the most strong principle of stack power, carried out along ground
Three-dimensional optimum search, while determine the position coordinates of Active noise and noise transmission speed；
In the microseism data of ground Active noise development, the stack power based on all microseism station data is most strong former
Then, three-dimensional optimum search is carried out along ground Active noise distribution, while noise transmission speed is searched for, calculates active make an uproar
Each location point reaches the arrival time of the microseism station in the range of cent cloth, according to corresponding arrival time to microseism number
According into action correction process, and all track datas after dynamic correction process are overlapped, ask for each location point micro-ly
Data investigation energy value is shaken, when stack power value reaches maximum, illustrates this location point and corresponding noise transmission speed
Elimination that can be optimal realizes optimal dynamic correction process, this position due to NMO (normal moveout) caused by propagation distance difference
Put be a little Active noise position coordinates, this spread speed is the noise transmission speed of Active noise；
Step 3:According to the position coordinates of Active noise and noise transmission speed, the dynamic correction of each microseism station is calculated
Amount, and to microseism data into action correction process；
Step 4:Adaptive compression process is carried out to the microseism data containing Active noise, and carries out reaction correction process, most
The microseism data of high s/n ratio are obtained afterwards.
2. the adaptive drawing method of ground Active noise in microseism data as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State comprising the concrete steps that for step 1：
The distribution of micro-seismic monitoring observation system, the microseism data collected and ground Active noise is all imported；
First, short time-window and the energy value of the microseism data in long window scope are calculated, with short time-window average energy and length
When window average energy compared, in the case of there are Active noise, energy ratio between the long window and the short window value will significantly increase；Its
It is secondary, set one identification energy threshold, when energy ratio between the long window and the short window value be more than threshold values when, then the moment there is Active noise,
When long short time-window energy value is less than threshold values, then there is no Active noises；Again, the ripple of Active noise in microseism data is obtained
To lineups moment, the preliminary time distribution of one Active noise of formation；Finally, judge and identify with reference to interaction, determine
Correct time distribution of the Active noise in microseism data.
3. the adaptive drawing method of ground Active noise in microseism data as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that
The step 3 comprises the concrete steps that：
According to ground Active noise position coordinates, noise transmission speed and micro-seismic monitoring observation system coordinate, each is calculated
The dynamic correction value of the microseism station；Dynamic correction value is brought into microseism data, to microseism data into action correction process,
It eliminates due to NMO (normal moveout) caused by propagation distance difference between different micro-seismic monitoring wave detectors, moves microseism after correction process
The ripple of Active noise to lineups are substantially a horizontal straight line in data.
4. the adaptive drawing method of ground Active noise in microseism data as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that
The step 4 comprises the concrete steps that：
For the microseism data in the range of Active noise Annual distribution, the average power of all microseism station data is calculated,
And according to one adaptive threshold value of microseism data mean value energy balane, more than threshold value average power as Active noise
It is suppressed, the average power below threshold value may include effective information, and the average energy value below threshold value is without pressure
System processing, so as to fulfill the adaptive compression process of ground Active noise；Microseism data are finally subjected to reaction correction process,
Export ground Active noise adaptively pressed high s/n ratio microseism data.
5. the adaptive drawing method of ground Active noise in microseism data as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that institute
State comprising the concrete steps that for step 4：
For the microseism data in the range of Active noise Annual distribution, the average power of all microseism station data is calculated,
And according to one adaptive threshold value of microseism data mean value energy balane, more than threshold value average power as Active noise
It is suppressed, the average power below threshold value may include effective information, and the average energy value below threshold value is without pressure
System processing, so as to fulfill the adaptive compression process of ground Active noise；Microseism data are finally subjected to reaction correction process,
Export ground Active noise adaptively pressed high s/n ratio microseism data.
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| CN112444853B (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2024-04-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Ground microseism noise suppression method |
| CN110967760B (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2022-02-11 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Noise reduction processing method and device for micro-seismic data |
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| US3924260A (en) * | 1974-06-27 | 1975-12-02 | Petty Ray Geophysical Inc | Method and apparatus for suppression of noise in seismic data |
| US20090296525A1 (en) * | 2008-05-27 | 2009-12-03 | Leo Eisner | Noise suppression for detection and location of microseismic events using a matched filter |
| CN101598809A (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2009-12-09 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | A kind of self-adaptation is eliminated the method for linear programming noise and multiple reflection interference |
| CN102636810B (en) * | 2012-04-05 | 2014-05-14 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Noises pressing and imaging method based on multiple times of focus |
| CN103837892B (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2016-10-05 | 宋维琪 | Microseism self adaptation independent component analysis Weak Signal Extraction |
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