CN103439198B - A kind of weak coal petrography material shear creep test device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a shear creep test device for weak coal and rock materials, comprising a loading mechanism, a load transmission mechanism, a dead load mechanism, a monitoring system, and a frame; the loading mechanism and the load transmission mechanism are in contact with concave and convex surfaces, and the There is a rigid cylinder between the load transmission mechanism and the constant load mechanism. The monitoring system is fixed on the load transmission mechanism and connected with the data dynamic acquisition system. The frame supports the constant load mechanism and the loading mechanism. The test device has the characteristics of light structure, stable load, and high data monitoring accuracy; the equipment can complete the experimental research on the mechanical properties of shear and shear creep of weak coal and rock mass from both macro and micro perspectives.

Description

A shear creep test device for weak coal and rock materials

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of shear creep test of weak coal and rock mass, in particular to a shear creep test device for weak coal and rock materials.

Background technique

The macroscopic and microscopic mechanical properties of coal and rock materials are closely related to the macroscopic and microscopic deformation and the change of internal microstructure under the action of external force. The experimental study of shear and shear creep characteristics is to study the influence of the internal microstructure development, development, scale expansion, and property changes of coal and rock materials on the failure of coal and rock materials during the shear failure process. The loading system of the existing test equipment for shear creep characteristics of coal and rock materials relies on an external press, which has the disadvantages of unstable creep load, complex structure, and insufficient precision, which makes the test research extremely inconvenient. In addition, the existing shear creep test equipment for coal and rock materials cannot realize the integrated and real-time dynamic mesoscopic monitoring of the internal structure changes during the creep process, and it is difficult to monitor the progressive failure process of coal and rock materials, and it is impossible to Simultaneously study the evolution of mechanical properties of coal and rock materials from both macro and meso perspectives.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem solved by the invention is to make up for the deficiency of the existing test equipment, simplify the structure of the equipment, realize the combination of macroscopic and mesoscopic research, realize dynamic real-time monitoring, and improve the practicability of the test equipment.

In order to solve the above problems, the design of the present invention is:

A shear creep test device for weak coal and rock materials mainly includes a loading mechanism, a load transmission mechanism, a constant load mechanism, a monitoring mechanism and a frame. The loading mechanism, the load transmission mechanism and the constant load mechanism are installed in the frame, and the load transmission mechanism is assembled on the loading mechanism at the bottom. The dead load mechanism is located on the load transfer mechanism. The monitoring mechanism is fixed on the load transmission mechanism.

A shear creep test device for weak coal and rock materials of the present invention realizes independent loading and unloading of the system by the loading mechanism; through the constant load mechanism, the load on the test piece can be relatively constant under small deformation; the monitoring mechanism The small microscopic monitoring device realizes the recording of the evolution of microscopic cracks of coal and rock materials under shear load; through the high-precision digital display measuring device and self-compiled data acquisition software, the dynamic shear deformation of coal and rock materials is realized. Chemical monitoring; the test device can realize the laboratory test research on the shear creep characteristics of coal and rock materials, and is a kind of experimental equipment with simple structure, high precision and high reliability.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is the left side view of Figure 1 (with the rack removed).

Marked in the figure:

1. Loading mechanism; 2. Loading lower mold; 3. Loading upper mold; 4. Roller parts; 5. Load transmission mechanism; 6. Pressure transmission plate; 7. Constant pressure ring; 8. Connecting plate; 9. Bolts 10. Constant load mechanism; 11. Fixed bracket; 12. Digital display measuring device; 13. Microscopic monitoring device; 14. Monitoring mechanism; 15. Pressure-bearing bottom plate; 16. Pressure-bearing top plate; 17. Support frame; ; 19, measuring rod; 20, magnetic seat.

detailed description

A more complete understanding of the invention, and many other advantages thereof, will be more fully understood and many of its other advantages readily apparent by reference to the following detailed description when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the accompanying drawings illustrated herein are intended to provide a further understanding of the invention and constitute the In part, the exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with Figures 1-2 and specific embodiments:

The invention is a shear creep test device for weak coal and rock materials, which mainly includes a loading mechanism 1, a load transmission mechanism 5, a constant load mechanism 10, a monitoring mechanism 14 and a frame. The loading mechanism 1, the load transmission mechanism 5 and the constant load mechanism 10 are installed in the frame. The load transfer mechanism 5 is assembled on the loading mechanism 1 at the bottom. The constant load mechanism 10 is located on the load transmission mechanism 5 with rigid circular rollers 4 arranged therebetween. The monitoring mechanism 14 is fixed on the load transmission mechanism 5 .

Described frame is made up of support frame 17 on both sides, the pressure-bearing bottom plate 15 that is fixedly installed on support frame 17 bottoms, and the pressure-bearing top plate 16 that is assembled on support frame 17 tops; Rack 17.

The loading mechanism 1 is placed at the center of the pressure-bearing base plate 15 . As a preference, the loading mechanism 1 is a high-precision numerical control hydraulic loading device. There is a protrusion in the center of the upper surface of the loading mechanism 1 .

The load transmission mechanism 5 includes a lower mold 2 for transmission and an upper mold 3 for transmission; the center of the lower surface of the lower mold 2 for transmission is provided with a groove matching the protrusion on the loading mechanism 1; the loading mechanism 1 and the lower transmission mold The mold 2 is in free contact with the concave-convex surface, and is aligned with the center of the pressure-bearing bottom plate 15 . Both the upper transmission mold 3 and the lower transmission mold 2 are bevel molds with a fixed angle, and the test object is placed between the lower transmission mold 2 and the bevel mold of the upper transmission mold 3 .

The constant load mechanism 10 includes a constant pressure ring 7 , a pressure transmitting plate 6 and a connecting plate 8 . The connecting plate 8 and the pressure transmitting plate 6 fasten the bottom of the constant pressure ring 7 through bolts 9, and the top of the constant pressure ring 7 is screwed to the upper pressure bearing top plate 16. As a preference, the constant pressure ring is an elastic ring. The round rollers 4 are freely arranged on the upper surface of the upper mold 3 and are in free contact with the pressure transmission plate 6 . As a preference, the rigid circular rollers are steel rollers.

The monitoring mechanism 14 includes a digital display measuring device 12 and a microscopic monitoring device 13 , and a measuring rod 19 is installed on the digital display measuring device 12 . The monitoring mechanism 14 is fixed on the load transmission mechanism 5 by a fixing device. As a preference, the fixing device consists of a fixing bracket 11 and a magnetic base 20 to form a multifunctional magnetic base bracket. The fixed support 11 relies on the magnetic base 20 to absorb the surface of the mold 2 under the load transmission mechanism 5, and is connected with the digital display measuring device 12 and the microscopic monitoring device 13 through a clamp. When working, the digital display measuring device 12 contacts the surface of the upper mold 3 through the measuring rod 19 to measure the macroscopic deformation of the test object and collect data automatically. The microscopic monitoring device 13 is arranged at the same height level as the test object through the fixed bracket 11, and monitors the internal crack evolution characteristics of the experimental object in real time and dynamically from a mesoscopic perspective. The amount of change detected by the digital display measuring device 12 and the microscopic monitoring device 13 is connected with a data dynamic acquisition system and a computer (not part of the content of the present invention, not shown in the figure).

When the shear creep test device for weak coal and rock materials involved in the present invention works specifically, the coal and rock material test piece is placed between the lower mold 2 for transmission and the upper mold 3 for transmission, and the loading mechanism 1 is properly raised so that The loading mechanism 1 is in close contact with the lower load transfer mold 2, the lower load transfer die 2 and the upper load transfer die 3 are in close contact with the coal and rock material specimen, and the round roller 4 is in close contact with the upper load transfer die 3 and the pressure transfer plate 6; Adjust the fixed support 11 so that the measuring rod 19 of the digital display measuring device 12 is vertical, and the other end is in contact with the upper mold 3 on the transmission. At the same time, by adjusting the fixed bracket 11, the micro-monitoring device 13 is in a proper position to monitor the dynamic evolution of the internal cracks of the test object. By gradually raising the loading mechanism 1, the shear load on the specimen is increased, and at the same time, the deformation of the specimen and the dynamic evolution of the cracks of the specimen are dynamically monitored to realize the dynamic monitoring research on the shear failure characteristics of coal and rock materials.

As mentioned above, although the Example of this invention was demonstrated in detail, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that many modifications can be made as long as the inventive point and effect of this invention are not substantially deviated. Therefore, all such modified examples are also included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A kind of weak coal rock material shear creep test device is characterized in that: mainly comprises loading mechanism, load transfer mechanism, dead load mechanism, monitoring mechanism and frame; Described loading mechanism, load transfer mechanism, dead load mechanism Installed in the frame, the load transmission mechanism is assembled on the loading mechanism at the bottom; the constant load mechanism is located on the load transmission mechanism; the constant load mechanism includes a constant pressure ring, a pressure transmission plate and a connection plate; the connection plate and the pressure transmission plate connect the constant pressure through bolts The bottom of the ring is fastened, and the top of the constant pressure ring is connected to the upper pressure-bearing top plate through threads; the constant pressure ring is an elastic ring; the monitoring mechanism is fixed on the load transmission mechanism; the loading mechanism is a numerically controlled hydraulic loading device The loading mechanism is placed at the center of the pressure-bearing base plate, and there is a protrusion at the center of the upper surface of the loading mechanism; the load transmission mechanism includes a lower mold for transmission and an upper mold for transmission; a center of the lower surface of the lower mold for transmission is provided with a The protrusions on the loading mechanism match the grooves; the loading mechanism and the lower mold are in free contact through the concave-convex surface, and are aligned with the center of the pressure bottom plate; the upper mold and the lower mold have fixed The angled mold of the angle; the test object is placed between the lower mold for transmission and the angled mold for the upper mold. 2. The test device according to claim 1, wherein the frame is composed of support frames on both sides, a pressure-bearing bottom plate fixedly installed on the bottom of the support frame, and a pressure-bearing top plate assembled on the top of the support frame; The pressure-bearing top plate is fastened on the support frame by nuts. 3. The test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: between the constant load mechanism and the load transmission mechanism, a rigid circular roller is provided; the rigid circular roller is freely discharged on the upper surface of the mold for loading, and Free contact with the pressure transfer plate. 4. The test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the circular rolling elements are steel rollers. 5. The test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: said monitoring mechanism comprises a digital display measuring device and a microscopic monitoring device, and the monitoring mechanism is fixed on the load transfer mechanism by a fixture; on the digital display measuring device, a Measuring rod; the fixing device consists of a fixed bracket and a magnetic base to form a multifunctional magnetic base bracket; the fixed bracket relies on the magnetic base to absorb the surface of the mold under the load transmission mechanism, and passes through the fixture with the digital display measuring device and the microscopic monitoring device connect. 6. The test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: during work, the digital display measuring device is in contact with the upper mold surface through the measuring rod to measure the macroscopic deformation of the test object and automatically collect data; The monitoring device is arranged at the same height level as the test object through the fixed bracket, and monitors the evolution characteristics of the internal cracks of the test object in real time from a mesoscopic perspective; the change detected by the digital display measuring device and the microscopic monitoring device is connected with the data dynamic acquisition system and the computer .