CN103424771A - Method for recognizing surface layer velocity anomaly by utilizing reflex time shifting - Google Patents
Method for recognizing surface layer velocity anomaly by utilizing reflex time shifting Download PDFInfo
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- CN103424771A CN103424771A CN2012101506149A CN201210150614A CN103424771A CN 103424771 A CN103424771 A CN 103424771A CN 2012101506149 A CN2012101506149 A CN 2012101506149A CN 201210150614 A CN201210150614 A CN 201210150614A CN 103424771 A CN103424771 A CN 103424771A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a geophysical prospecting technology and provides a method for recognizing surface layer velocity anomaly by utilizing reflex time shifting. The method comprises the steps of selecting single shots on the same side of an anomaly area in a work area to perform dynamic correction processing to eliminate the influence of offset distances to the reflection wave travel time, generating a single shot set after dynamic correction, acquiring the reflection time of single layers in the single shot set respectively, arranging the reflection time of different single shot in detection-point sequence and in common-reflection-point sequence respectively, drawing a reflection time curve of selected single shots and confirming the surface layer velocity anomaly and a gas-containing anomaly area according to drawn reflection time curve of the selected single shots. The method can directly distinguish existing surface layer velocity anomaly without recognition based on a large amount of surface layer investigation work, saves the cost of field exploration construction is saved and has good economical efficiency. In addition, an effective technical means is provided for judgment of the gas-containing anomaly situation through recognition of the surface layer velocity anomaly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geophysical exploration method, is a kind of method of utilizing reflection time shift identification dimple.
Background technology
In gas prospecting, the scout finds that all seismic sections of gas area all have the phenomenon of " low frequency, by a narrow margin, the time is drop-down ", these characteristics have instructed gas prospecting within long period of time, and probing has obtained great success, have successively found a lot of Large gas fields.But, along with going deep into of exploration, a lot of failures have appearred in the oil gas drilling well definite according to these characteristics, make some oil-gas explorations get into a difficult position.Geologist and the Some Comments On Geophysical Work person seismic anomaly regional to this conduct in-depth research for this reason, recognize extremely not only relevant with underground gassiness, also relevant with near-surface velocity anomaly on seismic section.But how to identify, eliminate the seismic anomaly that near surface structure causes, be not well solved always.
Dimple refers generally to the top layer low-velocity anomal, speed step-down after underground gassiness, and seismic response also can produce extremely.In recent years, in order effectively to identify dimple, meticulous surface structure investigation has been carried out in a lot of gas prospectings zone, aspect near-surface investigation and static correction, significant progress is being arranged.On the basis to top layer structural research, the seismic anomaly that the his-and-hers watches interval velocity causes has carried out careful analysis and research, and the true and false gas bearing anomaly in the scope of understanding exploration area has been played to positive effect.But, effectively identify dimple, need the reference mark, top layer of certain density and precision, cause dropping in near-surface investigation is implemented high, efficiency is low, inevitably can expend a large amount of man power and materials, especially the micro logging research cost is higher, also has a strong impact on field construction efficiency.Some regional surface structures are very complicated, also are difficult to
Apply.Therefore be necessary to seek a kind of economy, the dimple of method identification efficiently.
Summary of the invention
A kind of be to provide economy, utilize efficiently reflection time shift identification dimple method order of the present invention.
Concrete grammar of the present invention is as follows:
1) carry out seismic prospecting in work area and obtain data, select single big gun of exceptions area the same side;
Described single big gun is arranged and should be comprised the exceptions area scope, and the quantity of single big gun is the 3-5 big gun.
2) institute's menu big gun is carried out to normal moveout correction and process the elimination offset distance to the reflection wave impact of hourage, the single big gun big gun collection behind the moving school of generation, and the reflection interval of picking up respectively individual layer on the big gun collection;
3) sequentially arranged with the common reflection point order and arrange by geophone station the reflection interval of the single big gun of difference respectively, and draw curve reflection interval of institute's menu big gun;
The drafting in the Excel table of described curve reflection interval.
Described reflection interval, curve was that ordinate is reflection interval, and horizontal ordinate is that geophone station pile No. and ordinate are reflection interval, and horizontal ordinate is two kinds of common reflection point pile No..
4) determine dimple and gas bearing anomaly district according to curve reflection interval of drawing institute's menu big gun.
Described definite dimple and gas bearing anomaly district are:
In the curve map that is the geophone station pile No. at horizontal ordinate, reflection interval, the abnormal time shift of curve was alignd, and in the curve map that is the common reflection point pile No. at horizontal ordinate during reflection interval abnormal pan position disperse, be defined as dimple;
In the curve map that is the geophone station pile No. at horizontal ordinate, reflection interval, the abnormal time shift of curve disperseed, and in the curve map that is the common reflection point pile No. at horizontal ordinate during reflection interval abnormal pan position align, be defined as gas bearing anomaly.
The present invention can directly distinguish the dimple of existence, does not need to identify by a large amount of near-surface investigation work, has saved the cost of ground observation construction, has economy preferably.Simultaneously, by the identification to dimple, for the judgement of true and false gas bearing anomaly provides a kind of effective technological means.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 dimple reflection time shift response theory figure:
Fig. 2 gas bearing anomaly reflection time shift response schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 dimple reflection time shift response characteristic schematic diagram, 3a dimple industry disturbance in geophone domain reflection time shift response characteristic schematic diagram; 3b is dimple CMP(common reflection point) territory reflection time shift response characteristic schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 utilizes reflection time shift identification dimple process flow diagram.
Embodiment
The present invention utilizes the response characteristic of seismic reflection information to near-surface velocity anomaly, the method for research identification dimple.
Fig. 1 has showed the raypath along survey line from several shot points to acceptance point.This survey line has low-velocity anomal zone, a top layer.For simplicity, raypath means with straight line, does not therefore comprise the refraction effect of interface between waste mantle and high-velocity bed.After eliminating the geophone offset impact (normal moveout or normal moveout correction proofread and correct after), abnormal due to low speed, the hourage that is greater than R3 hourage from shot point S1 to acceptance point R4.At shot point S3, also observed between the seismic event that acceptance point R4 and R3 place receive and had significantly larger time shift.For other shot point, too, always between fixing several acceptance points, (velocity sag district) observes the reflection time shift to result.In other words, in industry disturbance in geophone domain the inside (sequentially arranging by geophone station), the reflection time shift is alignd.From the CMP(common reflection point) territory the inside we can see, for shot point S1, CMP(common reflection point) 1 start to occur the reflection time shift; For shot point S3, CMP(common reflection point) 2 start to occur the reflection time shift.Investigate different shot points, the CMP(common reflection point) occur that the reflection abnormal position of time shift is different, that is to say, at the CMP(common reflection point) in territory (CMP(common reflection point) order arrange), the reflection time shift disperses.
The underground gas bearing anomaly that exists of Fig. 2.In like manner, for diverse location shot point (s1, s10), observed the reflection time shift of diverse location (R3, R7) at industry disturbance in geophone domain, at the CMP(common reflection point) only can be in the CMP(common reflection point territory) the 1-CMP(common reflection point) 2 these fragment position observe the reflection time shift.Therefore, the reflection time shift that underground gas bearing anomaly causes disperses at industry disturbance in geophone domain (sequentially arranging by geophone station), at the CMP(common reflection point) in territory (CMP(common reflection point) order arrange) the reflex time pan position aligns.
The concrete implementation step of the present invention is as follows:
Step 1: carry out seismic prospecting in work area and obtain data, select single big gun of exceptions area the same side; Described single big gun is arranged and should be comprised the exceptions area scope, and the quantity of single big gun is the 3-5 big gun.
Step 2: institute's menu big gun is carried out to normal moveout correction and process the elimination offset distance to the reflection wave impact of hourage, the single big gun big gun collection behind the moving school of generation.
Step 3: the single big gun of difference was picked up than the reflection interval in the reflection horizon of high s/n ratio.
Step 4: in Excel, sequentially arranged the reflection interval of the single big gun of difference by geophone station, be plotted in the same coordinate system.Transverse axis is the geophone station pile No., and the longitudinal axis is reflection interval.
Step 5: will press the CMP(common reflection point reflection interval of the single big gun of difference) order is arranged, is plotted in the same coordinate system.Transverse axis is the CMP(common reflection point) pile No., the longitudinal axis is reflection interval.
Step 6: according to drawing the upper reflection of figure time shift ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS response characteristic judgement dimple:
In the curve map that is the geophone station pile No. at horizontal ordinate, (Fig. 3 a), reflection interval, the abnormal time shift of curve was alignd, and, in the curve map that is the common reflection point pile No. at horizontal ordinate (Fig. 3 b), during reflection interval abnormal, pan position is disperseed, and is defined as dimple.
Process flow diagram of the present invention is shown in accompanying drawing 4.
Claims (5)
1. one kind is utilized the method that reflects time shift identification dimple, and characteristics are to realize as follows:
1) carry out seismic prospecting in work area and obtain data, select single big gun of exceptions area the same side;
2) institute's menu big gun is carried out to normal moveout correction and process the elimination offset distance to the reflection wave impact of hourage, the single big gun big gun collection behind the moving school of generation, and the reflection interval of picking up respectively individual layer on the big gun collection;
3) sequentially arranged with the common reflection point order and arrange by geophone station the reflection interval of the single big gun of difference respectively, and draw curve reflection interval of institute's menu big gun;
4) determine dimple and gas bearing anomaly district according to curve reflection interval of drawing institute's menu big gun.
2. method according to claim 1, the described single big gun of step 1) is arranged and should be comprised the exceptions area scope, and the quantity of single big gun is the 3-5 big gun.
3. method according to claim 1, step 3) described reflection interval of curve is drawn in the Excel table.
4. method according to claim 1, step 3) described reflection interval of curve is that ordinate is reflection interval, and horizontal ordinate is that geophone station pile No. and ordinate are reflection interval, and horizontal ordinate is two kinds of common reflection point pile No..
5. method according to claim 1, the described definite dimple of step 4) and gas bearing anomaly district are:
In the curve map that is the geophone station pile No. at horizontal ordinate, reflection interval, the abnormal time shift of curve was alignd, and in the curve map that is the common reflection point pile No. at horizontal ordinate during reflection interval abnormal pan position disperse, be defined as dimple;
In the curve map that is the geophone station pile No. at horizontal ordinate, reflection interval, the abnormal time shift of curve disperseed, and in the curve map that is the common reflection point pile No. at horizontal ordinate during reflection interval abnormal pan position align, be defined as gas bearing anomaly.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012101506149A CN103424771A (en) | 2012-05-15 | 2012-05-15 | Method for recognizing surface layer velocity anomaly by utilizing reflex time shifting |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111239826A (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-06-05 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Method for determining normal depth of reflecting surface by ellipse method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4298966A (en) * | 1979-01-22 | 1981-11-03 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Removal of surface layer anomaly effects |
| US4571710A (en) * | 1982-08-31 | 1986-02-18 | Neidell Norman S | Seismic method for identifying low velocity subsurface zones |
-
2012
- 2012-05-15 CN CN2012101506149A patent/CN103424771A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4298966A (en) * | 1979-01-22 | 1981-11-03 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Removal of surface layer anomaly effects |
| US4571710A (en) * | 1982-08-31 | 1986-02-18 | Neidell Norman S | Seismic method for identifying low velocity subsurface zones |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| IAN F.JONES: "《Tutorial: Incorporating near-surface velocity anomalies in pre-stack depth migration models》", 《FIRST BREAK》 * |
| 翟俊伟等: "《近地表异常和地下低速异常识别技术及应用》", 《青海石油》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111239826A (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-06-05 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Method for determining normal depth of reflecting surface by ellipse method |
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Application publication date: 20131204 |