CN103424533A - Fractured rock heat-water-force three-field coupling large-scale model test method - Google Patents
Fractured rock heat-water-force three-field coupling large-scale model test method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fractured rock heat-water-force three-field coupling large-scale model test method which comprises the following steps: a plurality of sensing devices are mounted on a plurality of processed rock samples; the rock samples are placed into a model test box and assembled so as to form a fractured rock model; the fractured rock model is heated, watered and pressurized through a feed system so as to perform a heat-water-force three-field coupling test, various monitored test data is collected; change rules of the temperature field, the seepage field and the stress field inside the fractured rock model in the test are analyzed according to the collected test data. According to the invention, study on the change rules of the temperature field, the seepage field and the stress field inside the fractured rock model is achieved through performing the heat-water-force three-field coupling test on the fractured rock model, the method is used for the simulation test to large-scale fractured rock, the purpose of studying three-field coupling action of the fractured rock indoors is achieved, and the technical support and method support can be provided for an in-situ test.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the experimental study to the crack rock in underground and Geotechnical Engineering field, be specifically related to a kind of crack rock heat-water-tri-of Li coupling large scale test method.
Background technology
It is great and the be difficult to solution problems in one of countries in the world that the nuke rubbish (high-level waste) that nuclear energy power generation produces is disposed always.The dark geological disposal of high-level waste is method of disposal recognized in the world; it be take radioactive nuclide containing as content, retardance migration be core; take multibarrier as Main Means, take the Important Project that more than thousand and even 10000 years, public health and environmental protection are Security Target.High level radioactive waste repository is arranged in the rock stratum, deep more, and disposing the storehouse country rock becomes the natural cover for defense that prevents nuclein migration.High-level waste generates heat because the nucleic decay can heat up in long-term storage process, dispose the storehouse country rock and not only be subject to terrestrial stress and tectonic stress effect, inside also is distributed with various joints and crack and has seepage action of ground water, and the migration of nucleic depends on flowing of underground water, migration and the heat-water in crack rock-tri-of the Li coupling of visible nucleic are closely related.In addition, since new century, the exploitation of shale gas becomes the forward position of new energy development, and the natural gas extraction in shale is achieved by the underground gas storage layer, injecting water under high pressure splitting rock stratum, its recovery process also with in crack rock heat-water-tri-of Li coupling is relevant.
Due to on-the-spot crack rock heat-water-tri-of Li coupling test expense is huge, performance difficulty, and conventional indoor adopts small size (centimetre-sized) rock sample there is a big difference with crack rock, so large scale (meter level) model test becomes the necessary means of crack rock heat-water under three coupling conditions of research-force coupling action use rule.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of crack rock heat-water-tri-of Li coupling large scale test method, it assembles and forms the crack rock model by the rock sample that sensing device will be installed, by the crack strata model being carried out to heat-water-tri-of Li coupling test, realize its internal temperature field, the research of seepage field and change of stress field rule, the method is the simulation test to large scale (meter level) crack rock, be close to test in situ, can not only reach the purpose of three couplings of desk research crack rock, and can also provide for test in situ the support of experimental technique and method.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, crack rock heat-water of the present invention-tri-of Li coupling large scale test method comprises the following steps: 1) a plurality of sensing devices that are used for monitoring its performance parameter are installed respectively on a plurality of rock samples that process; 2) a plurality of described rock samples put into to model test box and assembled, forming the crack rock model; 3) feed system that loads case by including model heats, adds water and pressurization the crack strata model, carries out heat-water-tri-of Li coupling test, and collects the every test figure monitored by a plurality of described sensing devices; 4) Changing Pattern of crack rock model internal temperature field, seepage field and stress field in the test data analyzer test that basis is collected.
Preferably, the number of assembling steps of described crack rock model comprises: 1) the described type chamber of preliminary establishment mould in described model loads case; 2) according to designing requirement, a plurality of described rock sample block-by-blocks put into to the model test box that preliminary establishment is good and assembled, between every adjacent two rock samples, forming crack, treating that whole rock sample assemblings are complete, forming described crack rock model.
Further, in the described crack rock model step of assembling, also comprise the steps: 1) insulating water-proof device and load transfer device are installed around the crack rock model assembled, and further set up perfect by described model test box; 2) back-up sand in the crack formed between the crack rock model afterwards, after sand fills up, the closed model chamber.
Preferably, the construction step of described model test box comprises: base plate and the part side plate of 1) in described model loads case, at first putting into described model test box; 2), after described insulating water-proof device installs, the residue side plate of described model test box is installed; 3), after filling up sand, add a cover top board in described model test box top it is sealed.
Preferably, described insulating water-proof device comprises heat insulation laminate and waterproof laminate, described load transfer device comprises power transmission rod member and load transducer, wherein said heat insulation laminate and described waterproof laminate be arranged on described crack rock model around and by its sealing, described power transmission rod member and described load transducer are arranged on the relative both sides of described crack rock model.
Preferably, the step of heat-water in the present invention-tri-coupling tests of Li comprises: 1) setting heat source temperature is predetermined value, described crack rock model is heated, simultaneously to importing current and adjust constant flow pump in the crack formed in the crack rock model, make the crevice water flow velocity to constant; 2) until described crack rock model bulk temperature distribute reach stable after, keep heat source temperature and water velocity constant, utilize pressue device slowly to pressurize to described crack rock model one side, carry out stress test; 3) when carrying out above-mentioned test, the variation of observed temperature, seepage flow and fracture opening, and gather, record measurement data.
According to the test demand, described predetermined value can be 80～100 ℃, general optional 90 ℃.
Further, after forming crack rock model step, assembling also comprises the step that whole assembling process and each apparatus module are checked, debug, to guarantee all to reach normal operating conditions.
Preferably, described sensing device comprises temperature sensor, pressure transducer and displacement transducer, the quantity of wherein said temperature sensor, pressure transducer and displacement transducer is a plurality of, according to its type is different with function, select respective material to be fixed, connect wire together with it simultaneously and classified respectively and number.Described respective material can comprise one or more in glass cement, silica gel or cement.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
1) crack rock heat-water of the present invention-tri-of Li coupling large scale test method is by forming large scale crack rock model by a plurality of rock sample assemblings, and by heating, add water, pressurizeing and carry out heat-water-tri-of Li coupling test, be close to test in situ, overcome the difficult problem on indoor crack rock model test method in the past, realized the coupling of heat-water in the large scale crack rock-tri-of Li;
2) be formed with crack in the middle of crack rock model of the present invention, crack can be set as required and distribute, improved the analog capability of crack rock model test;
3) by method of the present invention can be conveniently the analysis of the heat under heat-water-tri-of Li coupling condition, stress transmission and crevice water infiltration flowing law to crack rock, with interaction and the Changing Pattern of research crack rock model temperature field, seepage field and stress field;
4) method of the present invention is simple, and principle is clear, and the test implementation cost is low, can provide test method and technical support for Study on Problems relevant with crack rock heat-water-tri-of Li coupling in high level radioactive waste repository or other underground workss.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is crack rock heat-water of the present invention-tri-of Li coupling large scale test method process chart;
Fig. 2 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram of realizing test method shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of crack rock model in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of the model of crack rock shown in Fig. 3;
Table 1 is depicted as three step load test schemes in test method of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1-crack rock model; The 11-rock sample; The 12-crack; 12a-the first crack; 12b-the second crack; 12c-the 3rd crack; The 2-feed system; The 21-model loads case; The 3-model test box; 4-insulating water-proof device; The heat insulation laminate of 41-; 42-waterproof laminate; The 5-load transfer device; 51-power transmission rod member; The 52-load transducer.
Embodiment
Below describe embodiments of the invention in detail, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, it is emphasized that accompanying drawing just schematically, only for explaining the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the test method of crack rock heat-water of the present invention-tri-of Li coupling large-scale model can be divided into two stages: the stage is carried out in test preparatory stage and test, below is described in detail respectively.
In the test preparatory stage, need to build the model test apparatus (Fig. 2) that can carry out crack rock heat-water-tri-coupling tests of Li.Be specially:
(1) require to install temperature sensor, pressure transducer and the displacement transducer for monitoring its performance parameter according to test design on the rock sample 11 processed, then according to the difference of sensor type and function, select the materials such as glass cement, silica gel, cement to be fixed, all the sensors and connection wire thereof are classified and numbered simultaneously;
(2) load the interior modeling chamber 3 of case 21 at ready model, then according to designing requirement, ready a plurality of rock samples 11 are put into to model test box 3 and assembled, form crack rock model 1.In this test, the size of crack rock model 1 is decided to be 120cm * 80cm * 50cm, for the sake of simplicity, only is provided with three groups of vertical and three groups of horizontal fissures 12 in crack rock model 1.In assembling crack rock model 1 step, also comprise the steps: 1) around the crack rock model 1 assembled, insulating water-proof device 4 and load transfer device 5 are installed, and further set up perfect by model test box 3, that is: around crack rock model 1, insulating water-proof device 4 is set and carries out waterproof sealing, then the residue side plate of model test box 3 and the power transmission rod member 51 and load transducer 52 of both sides are installed.2) back-up sand in the crack 12 of 1 formation of crack rock model afterwards, after sand fills up, closed model chamber 3.In above-mentioned steps, in order to reach better heat insulation, waterproof effect, insulating water-proof device 4 can consist of heat insulation laminate 41 and waterproof laminate 42, load transfer device 5 can consist of power transmission rod member 51 and load transducer 52, heat insulation laminate 41 and waterproof laminate 42 be preferably mounted at crack rock model 1 around and by its sealing, power transmission rod member 51 and load transducer 52 are preferably mounted at the relative both sides of crack rock model 1.
In above-mentioned link (2), model test box 3 can be set up by following steps: base plate and the part side plate of 1) in model loads case 21, at first putting into model test box 3; 2), after insulating water-proof device 4 installs, the residue side plate of described model test box 3 is installed; 3), after filling up sand, add lid top panel at described model test box 3 tops it is sealed.
As shown in Figure 2, the model test apparatus of implementing test method of the present invention specifically comprises the feed system 2 that contains model and load case 21, model test box 3, by heat insulation laminate 41 and the water barrier half 42 insulating water-proof devices 4 that form and contain power transmission rod member 51 and the load transfer device 5 of load transducer 52.Crack rock model 1 is inserted model test box 3 and is put in the lump model loading case 21 with this model test box 3 after interior, the hydraulic jack that loads case 21 both sides by model is loaded crack strata model 1, the maximum thrust of single hydraulic jack is 500kN, loading procedure is by electro-hydraulic servo and computer control, and 52 pairs of power that apply of load transducer are measured and record.
Heat insulation laminate 41 and waterproof laminate 42 are arranged on model and load between case 21 and model test box 3, load at model that case 21 tops are provided with the diversion conduit, bottom is provided with water output duct, available wriggling constant flow pump provides the lasting current of the rock cranny of flowing through to supplying water in the model rock mass.
Feed system 2 also comprises by thermal source and temperature control assembly (not shown), in model test box 3 left sides, electric hot plate is installed and is provided stable thermal source for test, the temperature control assembly is comprised of temperature sensor, temperature control instrument and A.C. contactor etc., when temperature reaches in default situation by the meeting auto-breaking, can connect fast electricity and heat up when the temperature lower than setting, thereby make crack rock model 1 can keep in a long time default temperature.
In this test, data for heat-water in better measurement process of the test-tri-of Li, be provided with altogether 66 temperature sensors, 6 miniature displacement transducers of rod-pulling type, 9 micro pressure meters, 1 load transducer, 3 multi-channel digital registering instruments, 1 strain acquirement instrument and 1 control computing machine.
After test is ready, control design requires whole set-up procedure is checked, and model test apparatus and each system thereof are checked and debug, and guarantees all to reach normal operating conditions, starts concrete test link after no problem.
Need to heat, add water and pressurization by 2 pairs of crack strata models of feed system 1 in concrete test link, carry out heat-water-tri-of Li coupling test, and collect the every test figure monitored by a plurality of sensing devices, the Changing Pattern of crack rock model 1 internal temperature field, seepage field and stress field in simultaneously testing according to the test data analyzer of collecting.Specific as follows:
(1) crack rock heat-water-tri-of Li coupling test: 1) setting heat source temperature is predetermined value, this predetermined value is generally 80～100 ℃, it is 90 ℃ that the present embodiment is selected heat source temperature, afterwards crack strata model 1 is heated, simultaneously to the interior importing current in the crack 12 of crack rock model 1 interior formation and adjust constant flow pump and make crack 12 water flow velocities to constant; 2) until crack rock model 1 bulk temperature distribute reach stable after, keep heat source temperature and water velocity constant, utilize pressue device slowly to pressurize to crack strata model 1 one sides, carry out stress test; 3) when carrying out above-mentioned test, the variation of observed temperature, seepage flow and crack 12 apertures, and gather, record measurement data.
As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, in loading procedure, load force applies to the left from right side, near the first crack 12a in pressurized one side rock mass, at first be compressed, after its inner back-up sand is forced into certain density, external load just can be passed to promote the left side sample and move, and the second crack 12b is compressed; In like manner, after the sand in the second crack 12b is compacted to certain density, the 3rd crack 12c just can be compressed.In order to be conducive to realize the analysis of heat-water-tri-of Li coupling and test findings, the present invention has adopted three step load test schemes in table 1.
Table 1
Loading principle and the variation program of test I, test II and test III are: during loading, the first crack 12a aperture starts to reduce, when aperture reaches after stable, (aperture is applying and reduce with load force no longer, lower same), the second crack 12b aperture starts to change, now test I and finish, collect, arrange the data by the monitoring of the sensing devices such as temperature sensor, pressure transducer and displacement transducer in process of the test; After this continue to load, start to test II, the second crack 12b aperture will reduce gradually, until the second crack 12b aperture vary stable completes test II, in being tested the II operation, the variation of observation the second crack 12b aperture measures related data simultaneously; In like manner, can continue loading the 3rd crack 12c is compressed, observe the variation of the 3rd crack 12c aperture, until the 3rd crack 12c aperture vary stable completes test III.
The Changing Pattern of crack rock model 1 internal temperature field, seepage field and stress field in the test data analyzer test of collecting according to above-mentioned test.
Visible, on the basis that crack rock heat-water of the present invention-tri-of Li coupling large scale test method is made great efforts without creativeness those of ordinary skills, do not realize, there is outstanding substantive distinguishing features, in addition, test method of the present invention can be brought following beneficial effect: crack rock heat-water of the present invention-tri-of Li coupling large scale test method is by forming large scale crack rock model 1 by a plurality of rock sample 11 assemblings, and by heating, add water, heat-water-tri-of Li coupling test is carried out in pressurization, be close to test in situ, overcome the difficult problem on indoor crack rock model 1 test method in the past, realized the coupling of heat-water in the large scale crack rock-tri-of Li, be formed with crack 12 in the middle of crack rock model 1, crack 12 can be set as required and distribute, improved the analog capability of crack rock model 1 test, by the method for the invention can be conveniently the analysis of the heat under heat-water-tri-of Li coupling condition, stress transmission and crack 12 water infiltration flowing laws to crack rock, with interaction and the Changing Pattern of research crack rock model 1 temperature field, seepage field and stress field, in addition, method of the present invention is simple, and principle is clear, and the test implementation cost is low, can provide test method and technical support for Study on Problems relevant with crack rock heat-water-tri-of Li coupling in high level radioactive waste repository or other underground workss.
It should be noted that; although above the present invention is explained in detail; but be not limited to this; the content that those skilled in the art can put down in writing according to the present invention is modified; therefore, all various modifications of carrying out according to the content of the present invention's record all should be understood to fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. crack rock heat-water-tri-of Li coupling large scale test method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) a plurality of sensing devices that are used for monitoring its performance parameter are installed respectively on a plurality of rock samples (11) that process;
2) a plurality of described rock samples (11) put into to model test box (3) and assembled, forming crack rock model (1);
3) feed system (2) that loads case (21) by including model heats, adds water and pressurization to crack strata model (1), carries out heat-water-tri-of Li coupling test, and collects the every test figure monitored by a plurality of described sensing devices;
4) Changing Pattern of crack rock model (1) internal temperature field, seepage field and stress field in the test data analyzer test that basis is collected.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the number of assembling steps of described crack rock model (1) comprising:
1) the preliminary described model test box (3) of setting up in described model loads case (21);
2) according to designing requirement, a plurality of described rock samples (11) block-by-block is put into to the model test box that preliminary establishment is good (3) and assembled, form crack (12) between every adjacent two rock samples (11), treat that whole rock samples (11) assemble completely, form described crack rock model (1).
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in assembling described crack rock model (1) step, also comprises the steps:
1) at the crack rock model (1) assembled, insulating water-proof device (4) and load transfer device (5) are installed on every side, and are further set up perfect by described model test box (3);
2) back-up sand in the crack (12) formed between crack rock model (1) afterwards, after sand fills up, closed model chamber (3).
4. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the construction step of described model test box (3) comprising:
1) in loading case (21), at first puts into by described model base plate and the part side plate of described model test box (3);
2), after described insulating water-proof device (4) installs, the residue side plate of described model test box (3) is installed;
3), after filling up sand, add lid top panel at described model test box (3) top it is sealed.
5. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described insulating water-proof device (4) comprises heat insulation laminate (41) and waterproof laminate (42), and described load transfer device (5) comprises power transmission rod member (51) and load transducer (52), wherein
Described heat insulation laminate (41) and described waterproof laminate (42) be arranged on described crack rock model (1) around and by its sealing, described power transmission rod member (51) and described load transducer (52) are arranged on the relative both sides of described crack rock model (1).
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the step of heat-water described in step 3)-tri-coupling tests of Li comprises:
1) setting heat source temperature is predetermined value, and described crack rock model (1) is heated, and to importing current and adjust constant flow pump in the crack (12) formed in crack rock model (1), makes crack (12) water flow velocity to constant simultaneously;
2) until described crack rock model (1) bulk temperature distribute reach stable after, keep heat source temperature and water velocity constant, utilize pressue device slowly to pressurize to described crack rock model (1) one side, carry out stress test simultaneously;
3) when carrying out above-mentioned test, the variation of observed temperature, seepage flow and fracture opening, and gather, record measurement data.
7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described predetermined value is 80～100 ℃.
8. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 2) back also comprises the step that whole assembling process and each apparatus module are checked, debug, to guarantee all to reach normal operating conditions.
9. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, sensing device described in step 1) comprises temperature sensor, pressure transducer and displacement transducer, wherein
The quantity of described temperature sensor, pressure transducer and displacement transducer is a plurality of, according to its type is different with function, selects respective material to be fixed, and connects wire together with it simultaneously and is classified respectively and number.
10. method according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described respective material comprises one or more in glass cement, silica gel or cement.
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| CN107907421A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-04-13 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | The lower country rock response test system of Thermal-mechanical Coupling effect |
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| CN109826243B (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2023-09-26 | 中国地质科学院地质力学研究所 | Rock mass test system and method under tri-water coupling effect |
| CN110132965A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-08-16 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Coupled heat-moisture-stress acts on lower swelled ground external crack test device and application method |
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