CN103424153B - The measurement mechanism of rock gas gas flow and measuring method - Google Patents
The measurement mechanism of rock gas gas flow and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103424153B CN103424153B CN201310338013.5A CN201310338013A CN103424153B CN 103424153 B CN103424153 B CN 103424153B CN 201310338013 A CN201310338013 A CN 201310338013A CN 103424153 B CN103424153 B CN 103424153B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of measurement mechanism and measuring method of rock gas gas flow.The sensor that the present invention is made up of four thermal resistances and platinum resistance, the sensing circuit be made up of four precision resistances, potentiometer, operational amplifier and triodes, signal amplifier, wave filter and single-chip microcomputer form; Two voltage signals that sensor exports and the voltage signal that sensing circuit exports are connected with the input end of three wave filters respectively after three signal amplifiers, and the output terminal of three wave filters is connected with the AD Sampling Interface of single-chip microcomputer.Structure of the present invention is simple, using four thermal resistances and platinum resistance as sensing element, devises gas flow measurement and angle detecting circuit, adopts constant difference method measurement gas flow.This metering circuit adopts powered battery, can solve the problem that remote districts power supply is inconvenient.Experiment shows, adopt measurement gas of the present invention to respond fast, the response time is less than 10ms, and measurement range is 0 ~ 50m/s.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to gas discharge field of measuring technique, relate to a kind of measurement mechanism and measuring method of rock gas gas flow.
Background technology
Rock gas is as a kind of high-quality, efficient, the clean energy and important industrial chemicals, and all obtain most attention and preferential utilization in countries in the world, it brings the life of clean environment and high-quality to the mankind.Along with rock gas is as the continuous rising of eco-friendly power source status, and the gage work of rock gas is as gas industry important component part, among gas extraction, transport, storage, trade and use procedure, so the gage work of rock gas is important technology work rock gas being carried out to scientific management.And the temperature and pressure of rock gas changes greatly, fluctuations in discharge wide ranges, the comparatively large and out-of-shape of caliber bore, cause traditional gas flow measurement method coming with some shortcomings all in various degree when measuring, be difficult to the problem solving flow accurate-metering preferably, and there is the problems such as power supply inconvenience in the measurement of rock gas from far-off regions.Therefore, a kind of usable-battery of research and design power, low-power consumption and measure the rock gas gas flow measurement method of broad quantum and device is one of effective means overcome the above problems.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to design that a kind of usable-battery is powered, low-power consumption and measure rock gas gas flow measurement method and the device of broad quantum, rock gas can be solved and measure the problem that range ratio is not high, power supply is inconvenient, this device energy test fluid direction thus ducted backflow can be detected.
The technical scheme that technical solution problem of the present invention is taked is:
The sensing element that apparatus of the present invention are made up of thermal resistance RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4 and platinum resistance Pt, by precision resistance R
1, R2, R3, potentiometer R4, operational amplifier and the PNP type triode sensing circuit, signal amplifier, wave filter, the single-chip microcomputer composition that form.Output voltage signal V2, V3 of sensing element and the output voltage signal V1 of sensing circuit are connected with the input end of three wave filters respectively after three signal amplifiers, the output terminal of three wave filters is connected with the AD Sampling Interface of single-chip microcomputer, voltage signal V1 reflects the gas flow in pipeline, by the direction of comparative voltage signal V2, V3 size detectable gas.
Structure of the present invention is simple, using thermal resistance RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4 and platinum resistance Pt as sensing element, devises gas flow measurement and angle detecting circuit, adopts constant difference method measurement gas flow.This metering circuit adopts powered battery, can solve the problem that remote districts power supply is inconvenient.Experiment shows, adopt measurement gas of the present invention to respond fast, the response time is less than 10ms, and measurement range is 0 ~ 50m/s.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention structural representations.
Fig. 2 is a kind of physical circuit example of apparatus of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
With reference to Fig. 1, the sensing element 1 that apparatus of the present invention are made up of thermal resistance RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4 and platinum resistance Pt, by precision resistance R
1, R2, R3, potentiometer R4, operational amplifier and the PNP type triode sensing circuit 2, signal amplifier 3, wave filter 4, the single-chip microcomputer 5 that form form.Voltage signal V2, V3 that sensing element 1 exports and the voltage signal V1 that sensing circuit 2 exports are connected with the input end of three wave filters 4 respectively after three signal amplifiers 3, and the output terminal of three wave filters 4 is connected with the AD Sampling Interface of single-chip microcomputer 5.Measuring method of the present invention is the geometric center sensing element be made up of thermal resistance RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4 and platinum resistance Pt being positioned over measuring channel, thermal resistance RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4 are used for gas flow and detection gas direction in measuring channel, and platinum resistance Pt is used for temperature compensation.When there being gas to flow through sensing element surface, can take away thermal resistance part heat, cause the change of thermal resistance resistance, this variable quantity is relevant with temperature with the flow of gas, by measuring the variable quantity of resistance and the compensation to gas temperature, calculate the flow of gas.Simultaneously because upstream heat resistance heat transfer capacity is larger than downstream heat resistance heat transfer capacity, therefore upstream heat resistance is larger than the change of downstream heat resistance, by measuring the voltage signal of two thermal resistances and comparing the direction that just can judge fluid.
Fig. 2 is a kind of physical circuit example of the present invention, and in legend, signal amplifier adopts TLC2274 chip, and be made up of three identical signal amplification circuits, these three signal amplification circuit structures are identical, are therefore described one of them amplifying circuit.5th pin of chip TCL2274 is connected with one end of resistance R12 and one end of resistance R13 respectively, the output signal V3 of another termination sensing circuit 1 of resistance R12, the other end ground connection of resistance R13, 6th pin of chip TLC2274 is connected with one end of resistance R11 and resistance R14 respectively, the other end of resistance R11 is connected with one end of resistance R10 and potentiometer W1 respectively, the other end ground connection of resistance R10, the voltage source of another termination 2.5V of potentiometer W1, the other end of resistance R14 is connected with the 7th pin of chip TLC2274 and one end of R15 respectively, the other end of resistance R15 is connected with the 10th pin of chip TLC2274, 9th pin of TCL2274 is connected with one end of resistance R16 and resistance R17 one end respectively, the other end ground connection of resistance R16, the other end of resistance R17 is connected with one end of potentiometer W2, the other end of potentiometer W2 is connected with the 8th pin of chip TLC2274 and the input end of wave filter respectively.
Wave filter and signal amplifier adopt with a TLC2274 chip jointly, and wave filter is made up of three identical filtering circuits, and these three filter circuit constructions are identical, are therefore described one of them filtering circuit.12 pin of chip TLC2274 are connected with one end of electric capacity C11 and one end of resistance R19 respectively, the other end ground connection of electric capacity C11, the other end of resistance R19 is connected with one end of electric capacity C10 and one end of resistance R18 respectively, the other end ground connection of electric capacity C10, the other end of resistance R18 is connected with the output terminal of signal amplifier, and the 13rd pin of chip TLC2274 is connected with the 14th pin, and the 14th pin is the output terminal of wave filter, with the AD sampling end of single-chip microcomputer, namely the 75th pin connects.
Single-chip microcomputer adopts MSP430F435 chip, 8th pin of single-chip microcomputer is connected with one end of crystal oscillator Y and one end of electric capacity C1 respectively, the other end of electric capacity C1 is connected with one end of ground and electric capacity C2 respectively, the other end of electric capacity C2 is connected with the other end of crystal oscillator Y and the 9th pin of single-chip microcomputer respectively, 1st pin of single-chip microcomputer is connected with the negative pole of electrochemical capacitor CD1 and one end of electric capacity C3 respectively with the 52nd pin, the 79th pin and the 53rd pin of single-chip microcomputer are the positive pole of electrochemical capacitor CD1 respectively, the other end of electric capacity C3 and ground be connected.80th pin of single-chip microcomputer is connected with the negative pole of electrochemical capacitor CD2 and one end of electric capacity C4 respectively, and the 78th pin of single-chip microcomputer is connected with the positive pole of electrochemical capacitor CD2, the other end of electric capacity C4 and ground respectively.66th pin of single-chip microcomputer is PWM output terminal, is connected with the input end of the controlled feed circuit of voltage.
Sensing circuit adopts constant temperature hot-wire anemometer pattern, the collector of triode Q1 is connected with 5V power supply, base stage connects the 1st pin of chip LM2904/NS, emitter respectively with precision resistance R1, the input end V1 of precision resistance R2 and signal amplifier connects, the other end of precision resistance R1 and thermal resistance RS1 one end, one end of thermal resistance RS2 and the 2nd pin of chip LM2904/NS connect, the other end of precision resistance R2 is connected with the 1st pin of potentiometer R4, 3rd pin of potentiometer R4 is connected with one end of precision resistance R3 and the 3rd pin of chip LM2904/NS respectively, the other end of precision resistance R3 is connected with one end of platinum resistance Pt, the other end of platinum resistance Pt is connected with one end of thermal resistance RS2 and thermal resistance RS4, the other end of thermal resistance RS2 is connected with the other end of the output terminal V2 of sensing circuit and thermal resistance RS1, the other end of thermal resistance RS4 is connected with the other end of the output terminal V3 of sensing circuit and thermal resistance RS3.
Principle of work of the present invention:
During work, the sensing element be made up of thermal resistance RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4 and platinum resistance Pt is put into measuring channel center, when there being fluid to flow through from left to right, thermal resistance RS1 heat transfer capacity is greater than thermal resistance RS3 heat transfer capacity, make the temperature of thermal resistance RS1 lower than the temperature of thermal resistance RS3, the resistance of the resistance value ratio thermal resistance RS3 of thermal resistance RS1 is little, so large by the electric current of RS3 by the electric current ratio of RS1, make V2>V3, V2, V3 signal is compared by single-chip microcomputer process after signal amplifier and wave filter, just can determine flow direction.When there being fluid right-to-left to flow through, make V2<V3.When fluid is static, sensing circuit electric bridge is in equilibrium state, when there being fluid to flow through, sensing circuit electric bridge out of trim, output a positive electromotive force after amplifying in being through chip LM2904/NS, triode ON makes by the ER effect of platinum resistance Pt large, and temperature rises, resistance becomes large, constantly repeats such process until electric bridge restores balance; Now sensing circuit output voltage signal V1, this voltage signal is after signal amplifier amplification, wave filter elimination high-frequency signal, and the AD interface of input single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer just can calculate the flow of gas
.
; In formula
,
,
,
,
for constant.
Claims (1)
1. the measuring method of rock gas gas flow, the method use device be made up of thermal resistance RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4 and platinum resistance Pt sensor (1), by precision resistance R
1, R2, R3, potentiometer R4, operational amplifier and the NPN type triode sensing circuit (2), signal amplifier (3), wave filter (4), single-chip microcomputer (5) composition that form; Voltage signal V2, V3 that sensor (1) exports and the voltage signal V1 that sensing circuit (2) exports are connected with the input end of three wave filters (4) respectively after three signal amplifiers (3), and the output terminal of three wave filters (4) is connected with the AD Sampling Interface of single-chip microcomputer (5);
The concrete structure of sensor (1) is: one end of thermal resistance RS1 is in parallel with one end of thermal resistance RS3, the other end of thermal resistance RS1 is connected with one end of thermal resistance RS2, the other end of thermal resistance RS3 is connected with one end of thermal resistance RS4, the other end of thermal resistance RS2 and the other end parallel connection of thermal resistance RS4; Wherein voltage signal V2 takes from the junction of thermal resistance RS1 and thermal resistance RS2; Voltage signal V3 takes from the junction of thermal resistance RS3 and thermal resistance RS4, one end connection thermal resistor RS2 of platinum resistance Pt, the parallel connected end of thermal resistance RS4, and the other end is connected to the one end of the precision resistance R3 in sensing circuit (2);
The concrete structure of sensing circuit (2) is: precision resistance R
2one end, precision resistance R
1one end to be connected with the emitter of NPN type triode and as the collection point of voltage signal V1, precision resistance R
1the other end be connected with the reverse input end of operational amplifier, precision resistance R
2the other end be connected with one end of potentiometer R4, the other end of potentiometer R4 is connected with the other end of precision resistance R3, the sliding end of potentiometer R4 is connected with the positive input of operational amplifier, the output terminal of operational amplifier is connected with the base stage of NPN type triode, and the collector of NPN type triode connects 5V power supply;
Sensor (1) is put into measuring channel center, when there being fluid to flow through from left to right, thermal resistance RS1 heat transfer capacity is greater than thermal resistance RS3 heat transfer capacity, make the temperature of thermal resistance RS1 lower than the temperature of thermal resistance RS3, the resistance of the resistance value ratio thermal resistance RS3 of thermal resistance RS1 is little, so large by the electric current of thermal resistance RS3 by the electric current ratio of thermal resistance RS1, make V2>V3, voltage signal V2 and V3 is compared by single-chip microcomputer process after signal amplifier and wave filter, just can determine flow direction; When there being fluid right-to-left to flow through, make V2<V3; When fluid is static, sensor bridge is in equilibrium state, when there being fluid to flow through, sensor bridge out of trim, output a positive electromotive force after amplifying in being through operational amplifier, NPN type triode conducting makes by the ER effect of platinum resistance Pt large, and temperature rises, resistance becomes large, constantly repeats such process until electric bridge restores balance; Now sensing circuit output voltage signal V1, this voltage signal is after signal amplifier amplification, wave filter elimination high-frequency signal, and the AD interface of input single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer just can calculate the flow q=aV of gas
1 4+ bV
1 3+ cV
1 2+ dV
1+ e, wherein a, b, c, d, e are constant.
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| CN103424153B true CN103424153B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103712659A (en) * | 2013-12-28 | 2014-04-09 | 苏州谷之道软件科技有限公司 | Hot type air flow meter |
| CN103884391B (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2016-08-24 | 浙江大学 | A kind of double feedback gas flow transducer |
| CN107131905B (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2021-07-27 | 高准公司 | Testing two or more metering assemblies |
| CN112000171A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-11-27 | 中筑科技股份有限公司 | Voltage reference source circuit applied to low-power-consumption ultrasonic gas flowmeter |
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| CN201034658Y (en) * | 2006-12-11 | 2008-03-12 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Heat type gas flowmeter |
| CN101943591A (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-12 | 武汉华瑞同创科技有限公司 | Air quality flowmeter for intelligent automobile |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6935172B2 (en) * | 2001-08-14 | 2005-08-30 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Thermal type flow measuring device |
| JP4470743B2 (en) * | 2005-01-19 | 2010-06-02 | 株式会社デンソー | Flow sensor |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201034658Y (en) * | 2006-12-11 | 2008-03-12 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Heat type gas flowmeter |
| CN101943591A (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-12 | 武汉华瑞同创科技有限公司 | Air quality flowmeter for intelligent automobile |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 热式气体质量流量计的研制;陆川;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技II辑》;20110415;正文2.2.3 测量方法的选择 * |
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