CN103424153A - Measuring device and method of natural gas flow - Google Patents
Measuring device and method of natural gas flow Download PDFInfo
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- CN103424153A CN103424153A CN2013103380135A CN201310338013A CN103424153A CN 103424153 A CN103424153 A CN 103424153A CN 2013103380135 A CN2013103380135 A CN 2013103380135A CN 201310338013 A CN201310338013 A CN 201310338013A CN 103424153 A CN103424153 A CN 103424153A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a measuring device and method of natural gas flow. The measuring device is composed of a sensor, a sensing circuit, signal amplifiers, filters and a single chip microcomputer, wherein the sensor is composed of four thermal resistors and a platinum resistor, and the sensing circuit is composed of four precision resistors, a potentiometer, an operation amplifier and a triode. Two voltage signals output by the sensor and a voltage signal output by the sensing circuit pass the three signal amplifiers and then are connected with the input ends of the three filters respectively, and the output ends of the three filters are connected with an AD sampling port of the single chip microcomputer. The measuring device and method are simple in structure, the four thermal resistors and the platinum resistor serve as sensing elements, a gas flow measuring and direction detection circuit is designed, and the gas flow is measured in a constant temperature difference method. A measuring circuit is powered up through a battery, and the problem that power supply is inconvenient in remote areas is solved. As is shown in an experiment, the measuring device is high in response speed in gas flow measurement, response time is less than 10ms, and the measuring range is 0-50m/s.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the gas discharge field of measuring technique, relate to a kind of measurement mechanism and measuring method of rock gas gas flow.
Background technology
Rock gas, as a kind of high-quality, efficient, the clean energy and important industrial chemicals, all obtains in countries in the world generally paying attention to and preferential the utilization, and it has brought clean environment and high-quality life to the mankind.Along with the continuous rising of rock gas as the eco-friendly power source status, and the gage work of rock gas is as the gas industry important component part, among gas extraction, transportation, storage, trade and use procedure, so the gage work of rock gas is rock gas to be carried out to an important technology job of scientific management.And the temperature and pressure of rock gas changes greatly, the fluctuations in discharge wide ranges, the large and out-of-shape of caliber bore, cause traditional gas flow measurement method coming with some shortcomings in various degree all when measuring, be difficult to solve preferably the problem of flow accurate-metering, and have the problems such as power supply inconvenience in the measurement of rock gas from far-off regions.Therefore, rock gas gas flow measurement method and the device of a kind of available powered battery of research and design, low-power consumption and measurement broad quantum are one of effective means overcome the above problems.
Summary of the invention
The rock gas gas flow measurement method and the device that the objective of the invention is to design a kind of available powered battery, low-power consumption and measure broad quantum, can solve rock gas and measure that range ratio is not high, the inconvenient problem of powering, thereby this device energy test fluid direction can detect ducted backflow.
The technical scheme that technical solution problem of the present invention is taked is:
The sensing element that apparatus of the present invention consist of thermal resistance RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4 and platinum resistance Pt, by precision resistance R
1, R2, R3, potentiometer R4, operational amplifier and positive-negative-positive the triode sensing circuit, signal amplifier, wave filter, the single-chip microcomputer that form form.Output voltage signal V2, the V3 of sensing element and the output voltage signal V1 of sensing circuit are connected with the input end of three wave filters respectively after three signal amplifiers, the output terminal of three wave filters is connected with the AD Sampling Interface of single-chip microcomputer, voltage signal V1 has reflected the gas flow in pipeline, by the direction of comparative voltage signal V2, V3 size detectable gas.
The present invention is simple in structure, usings thermal resistance RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4 and platinum resistance Pt as sensing element, has designed gas flow measurement and direction testing circuit, adopts constant difference method measurement gas flow.This metering circuit adopts powered battery, can solve the inconvenient problem of remote districts power supply.Experiment shows, adopts measurement gas response of the present invention fast, and the response time is less than 10ms, and the measurement range is 0 ~ 50m/s.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention structural representations.
Fig. 2 is a kind of physical circuit example of apparatus of the present invention.
Embodiment
Further illustrate the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
With reference to Fig. 1, the sensing element 1 that apparatus of the present invention consist of thermal resistance RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4 and platinum resistance Pt, by precision resistance R
1, R2, R3, potentiometer R4, operational amplifier and positive-negative-positive the triode sensing circuit 2, signal amplifier 3, wave filter 4, the single-chip microcomputer 5 that form form.The voltage signal V1 of voltage signal V2, the V3 of sensing element 1 output and sensing circuit 2 outputs is connected with the input end of three wave filters 4 respectively after three signal amplifiers 3, and the output terminal of three wave filters 4 is connected with the AD Sampling Interface of single-chip microcomputer 5.Measuring method of the present invention is the geometric center that the sensing element that will consist of thermal resistance RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4 and platinum resistance Pt is positioned over measuring channel, thermal resistance RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4 are for gas flow in measuring channel and detection gas direction, and platinum resistance Pt is for temperature compensation.When having gas flow to cross the sensing element surface, can take away thermal resistance part heat, cause the variation of thermal resistance resistance, this variable quantity is relevant with flow and the temperature of gas, reach the compensation to gas temperature by the variable quantity of measuring resistance, calculate the flow of gas.Simultaneously because upstream heat resistance heat transfer capacity is larger than downstream heat resistance heat transfer capacity, so the upstream heat resistance changes greatly than downstream heat resistance, and the voltage signal by measuring two thermal resistances also compares the direction that just can judge fluid.
Fig. 2 is a kind of physical circuit example of the present invention, and in legend, signal amplifier adopts the TLC2274 chip, three identical signal amplification circuits, consists of, and these three signal amplification circuit structures are identical, therefore one of them amplifying circuit is described.The 5th pin of chip TCL2274 is connected with an end of resistance R 12 and an end of resistance R 13 respectively, the output signal V3 of another termination sensing circuit 1 of resistance R 12, the other end ground connection of resistance R 13, the 6th pin of chip TLC2274 is connected with an end of resistance R 11 and resistance R 14 respectively, the other end of resistance R 11 is connected with the end of resistance R 10 and potentiometer W1 respectively, the other end ground connection of resistance R 10, the voltage source of another termination 2.5V of potentiometer W1, the other end of resistance R 14 is connected with the 7th pin of chip TLC2274 and the end of R15 respectively, the 10th pin of the other end of resistance R 15 and chip TLC2274 is connected, the 9th pin of TCL2274 is connected with resistance R 17 1 ends with an end of resistance R 16 respectively, the other end ground connection of resistance R 16, the end of the other end of resistance R 17 and potentiometer W2 is connected, the other end of potentiometer W2 is connected with the 8th pin of chip TLC2274 and the input end of wave filter respectively.
Wave filter and signal amplifier adopt jointly with a TLC2274 chip, and wave filter is comprised of three identical filtering circuits, and these three filter circuit constructions are identical, therefore one of them filtering circuit are described.12 pin of chip TLC2274 are connected with an end of capacitor C 11 and an end of resistance R 19 respectively, the other end ground connection of capacitor C 11, the other end of resistance R 19 is connected with an end of capacitor C 10 and an end of resistance R 18 respectively, the other end ground connection of capacitor C 10, the other end of resistance R 18 is connected with the output terminal of signal amplifier, and the 13rd pin of chip TLC2274 is connected with the 14th pin, the output terminal that the 14th pin is wave filter, with the AD sampling end of single-chip microcomputer, the 75th pin connects.
Single-chip microcomputer adopts the MSP430F435 chip, the 8th pin of single-chip microcomputer is connected with the end of crystal oscillator Y and an end of capacitor C 1 respectively, the other end of capacitor C 1 is connected with an end of ground and capacitor C 2 respectively, the other end of capacitor C 2 is connected with the other end of crystal oscillator Y and the 9th pin of single-chip microcomputer respectively, the 1st pin of single-chip microcomputer is connected with the negative pole of electrochemical capacitor CD1 and an end of capacitor C 3 respectively with the 52nd pin, and the 79th pin of single-chip microcomputer is respectively that the positive pole of electrochemical capacitor CD1, the other end and the ground of capacitor C 3 are connected with the 53rd pin.The 80th pin of single-chip microcomputer is connected with the negative pole of electrochemical capacitor CD2 and an end of capacitor C 4 respectively, and the 78th pin of single-chip microcomputer is connected with the positive pole of electrochemical capacitor CD2, the other end and the ground of capacitor C 4 respectively.The 66th pin of single-chip microcomputer is the PWM output terminal, with the input end of the controlled feed circuit of voltage, is connected.
Sensing circuit adopts constant temperature hot-wire anemometer pattern, the collector of triode Q1 is connected with the 5V power supply, base stage connects the 1st pin of chip LM2904/NS, emitter respectively with precision resistance R1, the input end V1 of precision resistance R2 and signal amplifier connects, the other end of precision resistance R1 and thermal resistance RS1 mono-end, the 2nd pin of the end of thermal resistance RS2 and chip LM2904/NS connects, the other end of precision resistance R2 is connected with the 1st pin of potentiometer R4, the 3rd pin of potentiometer R4 is connected with the end of precision resistance R3 and the 3rd pin of chip LM2904/NS respectively, the other end of precision resistance R3 is connected with the end of platinum resistance Pt, the other end of platinum resistance Pt is connected with the end of thermal resistance RS2 and thermal resistance RS4, the other end of thermal resistance RS2 is connected with the other end of thermal resistance RS1 with the output terminal V2 of sensing circuit, the other end of thermal resistance RS4 is connected with the other end of thermal resistance RS3 with the output terminal V3 of sensing circuit.
Principle of work of the present invention:
The sensing element that will consist of thermal resistance RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4 and platinum resistance Pt during work is put into the measuring channel center, when having fluid to flow through from left to right, thermal resistance RS1 heat transfer capacity is greater than thermal resistance RS3 heat transfer capacity, make the temperature of temperature specific heat resistance R S3 of thermal resistance RS1 low, the resistance of the resistance value ratio thermal resistance RS3 of thermal resistance RS1 is little, so the current ratio by RS1 is large by the electric current of RS3, make V2 > V3, V2, V3 signal are processed relatively by single-chip microcomputer after signal amplifier and wave filter, just can determine flow direction.When having the fluid right-to-left to flow through, make V2<V3.When fluid is static, the sensing circuit electric bridge is in equilibrium state, when having fluid to flow through, sensing circuit electric bridge out of trim, so exported a positive electromotive force after amplifying through chip LM2904/NS, the triode conducting makes the electric current by platinum resistance Pt become large, and temperature rises, it is large that resistance becomes, and constantly repeats such process until electric bridge restores balance; Sensing circuit output voltage signal V1 now, this voltage signal through signal amplifier amplify, after wave filter elimination high-frequency signal, the AD interface of input single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer just can calculate the flow of gas
.
In formula
,
,
,
,
For constant.
Claims (2)
1. the measurement mechanism of rock gas gas flow is characterized in that: the sensor (1) consisted of thermal resistance RS1, RS2, RS3, RS4 and platinum resistance Pt, by precision resistance R
1, R2, R3, potentiometer R4, operational amplifier and NPN type the triode sensing circuit (2), signal amplifier (3), wave filter (4), the single-chip microcomputer (5) that form form; The voltage signal V1 of voltage signal V2, the V3 of sensor (1) output and sensing circuit (2) output is connected with the input end of three wave filters (4) respectively after three signal amplifiers (3), and the output terminal of three wave filters (4) is connected with the AD Sampling Interface of single-chip microcomputer (5);
The concrete structure of sensor (1) is: the end of thermal resistance RS1 is in parallel with the end of thermal resistance RS3, the other end of thermal resistance RS1 is connected with the end of thermal resistance RS2, the other end of thermal resistance RS3 is connected with the end of thermal resistance RS4, the other end parallel connection of the other end of thermal resistance RS2 and thermal resistance RS4; Wherein voltage signal V2 takes from the junction of thermal resistance RS1 and thermal resistance RS2; Voltage signal V3 takes from the junction of thermal resistance RS3 and thermal resistance RS4, the end connection thermal resistor RS2 of platinum resistance Pt, the parallel connected end of thermal resistance RS4, and the other end is connected to the end of the precision resistance R3 in sensing circuit (2);
The concrete structure of sensing circuit (2) is: precision resistance R
2An end, precision resistance R
1An end with the emitter of NPN type triode, be connected and as the collection point of voltage signal V1, precision resistance R
1The other end with the reverse input end of operational amplifier, be connected, precision resistance R
2The other end with the end of potentiometer R4, be connected, the other end of potentiometer R4 is connected with the other end of precision resistance R3, the sliding end of potentiometer R4 is connected with the positive input of operational amplifier, the output terminal of operational amplifier is connected with the base stage of NPN type triode, and the collector of NPN type triode connects the 5V power supply.
2. utilize measurement mechanism claimed in claim 1 to carry out the method for rock gas gas flow measurement, it is characterized in that:
Sensor (1) is put into to the measuring channel center, when having fluid to flow through from left to right, thermal resistance RS1 heat transfer capacity is greater than thermal resistance RS3 heat transfer capacity, make the temperature of temperature specific heat resistance R S3 of thermal resistance RS1 low, the resistance of the resistance value ratio thermal resistance RS3 of thermal resistance RS1 is little, then large by the electric current of thermal resistance RS3 by the current ratio of thermal resistance RS1, make V2>V3, voltage signal V2 and V3 process relatively by single-chip microcomputer after signal amplifier and wave filter, just can determine flow direction; When having the fluid right-to-left to flow through, make V2<V3; When fluid is static, sensor bridge is in equilibrium state, when having fluid to flow through, the sensor bridge out of trim, so exported a positive electromotive force after amplifying through operational amplifier, the conducting of NPN type triode makes the electric current by platinum resistance Pt become large, and temperature rises, it is large that resistance becomes, and constantly repeats such process until electric bridge restores balance; Sensing circuit output voltage signal V1 now, this voltage signal through signal amplifier amplify, after wave filter elimination high-frequency signal, the AD interface of input single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer just can calculate the flow of gas
, wherein
,
,
,
,
For constant.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310338013.5A CN103424153B (en) | 2013-08-05 | 2013-08-05 | The measurement mechanism of rock gas gas flow and measuring method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103712659A (en) * | 2013-12-28 | 2014-04-09 | 苏州谷之道软件科技有限公司 | Hot type air flow meter |
| CN103884391A (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2014-06-25 | 浙江大学 | Double-feedback gas flow sensor |
| CN107131905A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2017-09-05 | 高准公司 | Detect two or more gauge assemblies |
| CN112000171A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-11-27 | 中筑科技股份有限公司 | Voltage reference source circuit applied to low-power-consumption ultrasonic gas flowmeter |
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| US20040211253A1 (en) * | 2001-08-14 | 2004-10-28 | Junichi Horie | Thermal type flow measuring device |
| US20060156807A1 (en) * | 2005-01-19 | 2006-07-20 | Denso Corporation | Fluid flow sensor |
| CN201034658Y (en) * | 2006-12-11 | 2008-03-12 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Heat type gas flowmeter |
| CN101943591A (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-12 | 武汉华瑞同创科技有限公司 | Air quality flowmeter for intelligent automobile |
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2013
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20040211253A1 (en) * | 2001-08-14 | 2004-10-28 | Junichi Horie | Thermal type flow measuring device |
| US20060156807A1 (en) * | 2005-01-19 | 2006-07-20 | Denso Corporation | Fluid flow sensor |
| CN201034658Y (en) * | 2006-12-11 | 2008-03-12 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Heat type gas flowmeter |
| CN101943591A (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2011-01-12 | 武汉华瑞同创科技有限公司 | Air quality flowmeter for intelligent automobile |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 陆川: "热式气体质量流量计的研制", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技II辑》, 15 April 2011 (2011-04-15) * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103712659A (en) * | 2013-12-28 | 2014-04-09 | 苏州谷之道软件科技有限公司 | Hot type air flow meter |
| CN103884391A (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2014-06-25 | 浙江大学 | Double-feedback gas flow sensor |
| CN103884391B (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2016-08-24 | 浙江大学 | A kind of double feedback gas flow transducer |
| CN107131905A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2017-09-05 | 高准公司 | Detect two or more gauge assemblies |
| CN112000171A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-11-27 | 中筑科技股份有限公司 | Voltage reference source circuit applied to low-power-consumption ultrasonic gas flowmeter |
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| CN103424153B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
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