CN103422893B - Aerodynamic engine assembly used for pneumatic automobile - Google Patents
Aerodynamic engine assembly used for pneumatic automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN103422893B CN103422893B CN201210164319.9A CN201210164319A CN103422893B CN 103422893 B CN103422893 B CN 103422893B CN 201210164319 A CN201210164319 A CN 201210164319A CN 103422893 B CN103422893 B CN 103422893B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B25/00—Regulating, controlling, or safety means
- F01B25/02—Regulating or controlling by varying working-fluid admission or exhaust, e.g. by varying pressure or quantity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B1/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements
- F01B1/04—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with cylinders in V-arrangement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B23/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01B23/02—Adaptations for driving vehicles, e.g. locomotives
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B31/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01B31/08—Cooling of steam engines; Heating; Heat insulation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
Disclosed is a multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine assembly used for a pneumatic automobile. The multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine assembly comprises an aerodynamic engine, an air distribution controller, a main air storage tank, a heating adjuster, a flow control valve, a control device, an auxiliary loop, a supplementary air incoming loop or an exhaust recovery and pressurizing loop. The multi-cylinder engine assembly effectively utilizes pressure energy contained in compressed air, so that performance of the aerodynamic engine can be remarkably improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of power plant of Pneumatic automobile, more specifically, relate to a kind of multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine assembly using pressurized air as power.
Background technique
Most of surface car, such as automobile, truck, go-anywhere vehicle etc. all adopt internal-combustion engine using fuel oil as working medium as power source.This employing fuel oil as the motor of working medium on the one hand because oil inflame is insufficient, make in the gas of discharging containing a large amount of harmful matters and befouling environment, fuel oil on the other hand because using refines from oil and obtains, and the day by day in short supply of petroleum resources makes the development of fuel engine and utilization be subject to increasing restriction.Therefore develop new, clean, free of contamination alternative energy source, and become modern vehicle development urgent problem using this alternative energy source as the power source of surface car, Pneumatic automobile is applicable to this needs just and progressively enters into the outlook of common people.
Pneumatic automobile utilizes high pressure air expansion work process in cylinder, promotes piston and to do work external outputting power, drive automobile running.It is consume fuel not, is the environmentally friendly vehicle of real zero-emission, effectively can alleviate the situation of the serious and petroleum resources scarcity of urban air pollution.For this reason, many countries all actively drop into the research to Pneumatic vehicle.
The Designer Guy Negre that typical air-powered motor is French MDI company double fuel mode of operation motor disclosed in patent FR2731472A1.Adopt conventional fuel as gasoline or diesel oil on a highway, in low speed particularly urban district and suburbs, pressurized air (or other any on-contaminated pressurized gass) is injected firing chamber.Although this motor its part reduces fuel consumption, owing to still have employed fuel oil service pattern, emission problem still fails to solve.
In order to further pollution abatement, US6311486B1 discloses a kind of pure air-powered motor, such motor have employed three independently rooms: air-breathing-pressing chamber, expanded exhaust room and constant volume firing chamber, and air-breathing-pressing chamber is connected to constant volume firing chamber by valve, constant volume firing chamber is connected to expanded exhaust room by valve.One of problem of this motor is that the time that pressurized gas experiences from air-breathing-pressing chamber to expanded exhaust room is longer, the power source gas time obtaining driven plunger acting is longer, simultaneously, the pressurized gas of discharging from expanded exhaust room fail to be used, and which limits working efficiency and the single aeration continuous working period of this kind of motor.
The claimant of the application discloses a kind of air power engine assembly that can be used for transport facility in its patent documentation CN101413403 A (its international application of the same clan is WO2010051668 A1), this motor utilizes compressed air to do work and does not use any fuel, so there is no toxic emission, achieve " zero-emission ", and reuse waste gas to generate electricity, save the energy, reduce cost.But this motor is based on traditional four stroke engine, and bent axle often rotates 720 degree, piston acting once.And can promote piston acting when entering in cylinder as the high-pressure air of power source, then discharge, namely the stroke of compressed air engine is actual is air inlet-expansion stroke and discharge stroke.Obviously, this four-stroke compressed air engine disclosed in patent documentation CN101413403 A wastes effective expansion stroke greatly, limits the efficiency of motor.And the tail gas of this motor fails to recycle well, need enough large gas holder deposit high-pressure air could work the sufficiently long time.
Summary of the invention
Based on the problems referred to above, the invention provides a kind of multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine assembly, be intended to the output power problem and the circulation of tail gas Utilizing question that solve air-powered motor, thus realize Novel compressed air motor that is economic, efficient, zero-emission.For this reason, the present invention adopts following technological scheme.
A kind of multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine assembly for Pneumatic automobile, it comprises: air-powered motor, it comprises: left and right two exhaust casing, piston, connecting rod, air inlet trunnion, exhaust gear, bent axle, flywheel, oil sump, and every exhaust casing has three cylinders; Control for air distribution, it comprises two air distribution unit, and the pressurized air distributed through air distribution unit sends into left and right two exhaust casings respectively through air inlet trunnion; Main gas holder, it is connected with the decompression gas holder in downstream, to provide required high pressure air for air-powered motor; Heating controller, it is connected with decompression gas holder, to carry out supercharging and intensification to the pressurized air entered wherein; Flow control valve, it is connected with heating controller by Filter dryer, to receive the pressurized air after heating up from heating controller; Control gear, it is according to the operating conditions flow control valve of air-powered motor.Wherein, described multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine assembly also comprises: secondary circuit, and it is connected between heating controller and decompression gas holder, to send the pressurized air of Overpressure of a safety valve threshold value in heating controller back to decompression gas holder.
In exemplary enforcement, described multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine assembly comprises supplementary air inlet loop further.
In exemplary enforcement, described multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine assembly comprises tail gas recycle and boost-up circuit further.
Preferably, described secondary circuit comprises auxiliary piping, safety valve, knock out drum and air supplying pump, when the pressure Overpressure of a safety valve threshold value that the pressure transducer in heating controller detects, safety valve is opened, and unnecessary high-pressure air enters in knock out drum from heating controller and temporarily preserves.
Preferably, described tail gas recycle and boost-up circuit comprise silencing apparatus, device for recovering tail gas, filter, tail gas booster compressor, one-way valve, main gas holder branch road and heating controller branch road.
Preferably, described main gas holder branch road is provided with condenser and pressure-limit valve, so that the pressurized air of higher pressure is sent to main gas holder.
Preferably, described heating controller branch road is provided with sequence valve, and when the tail gas pressure after the supercharging of tail gas booster compressor is less than 10MPa, supercharging tail gas is sent in heating controller by sequence valve.
Preferably, described supplementary air inlet loop comprises battery unit, gate-controlled switch, direct current generator, supplements inlet air compressor and the pipeline that is connected between main gas holder and supplementary inlet air compressor.
Preferably, the cracking pressure of described pressure-limit valve is 10MPa, 12 MPa or 15MPa.
In the exemplary embodiment, described control gear comprises multiple input and at least one exports, described multiple input comprises accelerator pedal position signal, engine rotational speed signal, key switch signal, the control command that at least one output described is the operation of control flow check control valve.
Preferably, described control gear comprises data reception processing unit, operating mode determination module, air flow control module, power amplification circuit and MAP data storage.
In the exemplary embodiment, described heating controller comprises cooling water tank, circulating water pump, heating tank, water spout.
Preferably, be provided with the electric heater of being powered by battery unit in described heating controller, the heating control module of described control gear controls the compressed air temperature in heating controller based on the temperature that the temperature transducer be set in heating controller detects.
Preferably, described air distribution unit comprises admission cam shaft, intake cam shaft housing, air distribution module and high-pressure common rail constant voltage pipe.
Preferably, described exhaust gear comprises exhaust cam shaft, exhaust tappet, rocking arm, pitman arm shaft, shoulder pole iron, exhaust valve spring and exhaust valve.
More preferably, described air distribution module comprises: seat under seat and controller in controller upper cover, the controller seat of honour, controller, described admission cam shaft is placed in air inlet intake cam shaft housing, and described intake cam shaft housing is connected between controller upper cover and the controller seat of honour.
Because air-powered motor of the present invention have employed supplementary air inlet loop, secondary circuit and tail gas recycle and boost-up circuit, efficiently utilize pressurized air and store the pressure energy contained, therefore can significantly improve the performance of air-powered motor.And control gear of the present invention controls compressed-air actuated flow based on the running state of vehicle and the operation of driver, the performance of air-powered motor thus can be improved further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
To describe according to preferred but nonrestrictive embodiment of the present invention now, these and other features of the present invention, aspect and advantage will become apparent when reading following detailed description in detail with reference to accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the general structure schematic diagram of the Pneumatic vehicle adopting multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of the control gear in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural drawing of the heating controller in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the air-powered motor in Fig. 1 and the three-dimensional oblique view after control for air distribution assembling;
Fig. 5 is multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine and the rear sectional view laterally taken of control for air distribution assembling of Fig. 4;
The three-dimensional oblique view of the control for air distribution in Fig. 6 Fig. 1;
Fig. 7 is the cross sectional longitudinal view of the control for air distribution of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the side cross-sectional view of the control for air distribution of Fig. 6.
Embodiment
The following description is only exemplary and be not to limit the disclosure, application or purposes in essence.Should be understood that, in whole accompanying drawing, corresponding reference character represents identical or corresponding parts and feature.
With reference now to accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 is the general structure schematic diagram of the Pneumatic vehicle adopting multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, Pneumatic vehicle multiple wheels 51 of comprising vehicle frame (not shown), being supported on the chassis (not shown) on vehicle frame and being connected on axletree.Air-powered motor 31 is supported on chassis, and it is connected to the gearbox 40 that conventional truck adopts, and is connected to the transmission system 45 that orthodox car adopts, so that the power of air-powered motor 31 is delivered to wheel 51 by axletree by gearbox 40.Axletree is connected with brake unit 50 further, with when car brakeing for vehicle provides braking.
With further reference to Fig. 1, it is high pressure air between 20MPa ~ 45MPa that main gas holder 46 stores pressure, is preferably 30MPa.Main gas holder 46 passes through aerating pipeline (unmarked) and outside aerating equipment connection, to obtain required pressurized air from pressurized air gas station or external high pressure gas tank.Main gas holder 46 is provided with pressure gauge and the flowmeter of monitoring tank compressed air pressure and capacity, and detects the pressure transducer 49 of main gas holder internal pressure in real time, and the main reservoir pressure signal 2 that pressure transducer 49 detects is sent to control gear 35.Vacuum pump 13 is provided with, to be sent to by the high pressure air in main gas holder 46 when engine start or stable operation in decompression gas holder 5 between main gas holder 46 and decompression gas holder 5.Decompression gas holder 5 is connected to heating controller 17 by the gas holder pipeline 14 being provided with control valve 12.Decompression gas holder 5 is provided with the pressure transducer 49 of detected pressures, so that the pressure signal 41 in this decompression gas holder 5 is sent to control gear 35.Heat in heating controller 17 through post-decompression high pressure air, to improve compressed-air actuated pressure and temperature.
Pressurized air after heating controller 17 heat regulation 22 is connected to Filter dryer 23 by the road, and the dried pressurized air of exsiccator 23 24 sends into flow control valve 25 by the road after filtration.In an alternative embodiment, also can omit Filter dryer 23, heating controller 17 directly can be connected to flow control valve 25 by pipeline.The controlled device 35 of flow control valve 25 controls, and to determine aperture and the opening time of flow control valve 25 according to the operating mode of air-powered motor 31 and the operation of driver, thus regulates the air supply entering air-powered motor 31.The pressurized air regulated through flow control valve 25 sends into control for air distribution 28 by pipeline 27.Air-powered motor 31 is connected rotationally with the rotating shaft of generator 47, generates electricity with drive electrical generators 47.The electricity that generator 47 sends changes direct current into through converter plant 48 and is stored in battery unit 3, and other power units for vehicle use.
The tail gas of discharging from air-powered motor 31 still has certain pressure, and it reclaims by pipeline and reuses after supercharging, thus farthest utilizes compressed-air actuated pressure energy.This tail gas recycle and boost-up circuit comprise silencing apparatus pipeline 32, silencing apparatus 30, device for recovering tail gas 29, tail gas recycle pipeline 19, filter 15, tail gas booster compressor 10, one-way valve 9, main gas holder branch road and heating controller branch road.Tail gas is admitted to silencing apparatus 30 through silencing apparatus pipeline 32, and the tail gas after noise elimination is admitted to device for recovering tail gas 29.Device for recovering tail gas 29 can be simple gather qi together tank, also can be the container of additional pumping cells.After filter 15 filters, tail gas booster compressor 10 is sent to from tail gas recycle tank 29 tail gas out.Tail gas booster compressor 10 by being such as that the link 21 of belt drive unit drives, with to the tail gas supercharging of reclaiming.Its pressure of tail gas after tail gas booster compressor 10 compresses is increased significantly, usually can reach 5 more than MPa.Be provided with one-way valve 9 at the downstream part of tail gas booster compressor 10, the tail gas after supercharging sends into main gas holder 46 and heating controller 17 through one-way valve 9 respectively through main gas holder branch road and heating controller branch road.Main gas holder branch road is provided with cracking pressure and is set as it being such as the pressure-limit valve 7 of 10MPa, so that the pressurized air of higher pressure is sent to main gas holder 46.Can be alternative, main gas holder branch road is set with condenser 8, to be stored in main gas holder 46 by the pressurized air of cryogenic high pressure.The pipeline leading to heating controller 17 is provided with sequence valve 9, when the tail gas pressure after tail gas booster compressor 10 supercharging is less than 10MPa, supercharging tail gas is be such as that the sequence valve (this sequence valve is opened when suction pressure is less than 10MPa, automatically closes when suction pressure is greater than 10MPa) of 10MPa is sent in heating controller 17 by pressure limiting pressure setting.In alternative, can according to actual needs, the setting cracking pressure of pressure-limit valve and the closing pressure of sequence valve.Can be such as any pressure between 7Ma to 20MPa.Preferably, be any one in 10MPa, 12MPa, 15MPa.Thus, for drive the high pressure air of air-powered motor 31 after acting its quite a few by being recovered to main gas holder 46 after tail gas recycle and boost-up circuit supercharging purification, or enter recirculation by heating controller branch road, thus achieve the recycling of tail gas.In other words, for the main gas holder 46 giving constant volume, the existence of tail gas recycle and boost-up circuit considerably increases the continuous working period of air-powered motor 31, considerably increases the continuous working period of Pneumatic vehicle, thus puies forward the performance of Pneumatic vehicle significantly.
Between decompression gas holder 5 and heating controller 17, be also provided with auxiliary heating regulator 17 heat safe secondary circuit.This secondary circuit comprises auxiliary piping 26, safety valve 43, knock out drum 44, air supplying pump 42.Heating controller 17 is provided with the pressure transducer 49 of detected pressures and the temperature transducer 18 of detected temperatures.The temperature signal 34 that temperature transducer 18 detects and the heating tank internal pressure signal 39 that pressure transducer 29 detects send into control gear 35.Control gear 35 controls the electric heater in heating controller 17 according to temperature signal 34, but the temperature in heating controller 17 exceedes when being such as the temperature threshold of 400 DEG C, control gear 35 disconnects battery unit 3 to the power supply of heating controller 17, thus the temperature of restriction heating controller 17 compressed air improves further.When pressure transducer 49 detect pressure exceed be such as 15MPa time pressure threshold time, safety valve 43 is opened, unnecessary high-pressure air enters in knock out drum 44 and temporarily preserves, but decompression gas holder 5 in underpressure time, the pressurized air in knock out drum 44 enters decompression gas holder by air supplying pump 42.
As shown in Figure 1, Pneumatic vehicle of the present invention also comprises supplementary air inlet loop.The pipeline that this supplementary air inlet loop comprises battery unit 3, gate-controlled switch 4, direct current generator 6, supplementary inlet air compressor 52 and is connected between main gas holder 46 and supplementary inlet air compressor 52.When the pressure signal 2 of main gas holder 46 operates lower than predetermined threshold or according to the selection of driver, control gear 35 sends instruction makes gate-controlled switch 4 connect, direct current generator 6 starts, supplementary inlet air compressor 52 is driven to work, ambient air sends into main gas holder 46 through supplementing after inlet air compressor 52 compresses supercharging, thus can on one's own initiative for vehicle provides high pressure air.
The control of air-powered motor is undertaken by the operation of control gear 35 according to the operating mode of Pneumatic vehicle and driver.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, control gear has multiple input, such as accelerator pedal position signal 38, engine rotational speed signal 36, key switch signal 37, vehicle speed signal, main reservoir pressure signal 2, heating tank internal pressure signal 39, decompression tank internal pressure signal 41, the temperature signal 34 measured by the temperature transducer 18 be arranged on heating controller 17, brake signal and be such as other inputs of atmospheric temperature, suction pressure.After control gear 35 processes, the control command 33 of control flow check control valve 25 is sent after multiple input signal input control device 35, thus the opening and closing of control flow check control valve 25.
The concrete structure of control gear 35 as shown in Figure 2.Control gear 35 comprise data reception processing unit 35-7, operating mode determination module 35-1, main control unit 35-4, from control unit 35-2, power amplification circuit 35-6 and MAP data storage 35-8.Main control unit 35-4 and form air flow control module 35-0 from control unit 35-2.Control gear also comprises the heating control module 35-3 controlling heating controller 17 and operate, and controls through gate-controlled switch 4 the compressor control module 35-5 supplementing inlet air compressor 52.Preferably, control gear 35 also comprises abnormal handling module 35-9, to start purpose overspeed protective module 35-10 according to the operating mode of vehicle or to shut down the action of module 35-11.The working procedure of control gear 35 will be described in detail below.
Data reception processing unit 35-7 receives accelerator pedal position signal 38, engine rotational speed signal 36, key switch signal 37, vehicle speed signal, gas tank air pressure signal (2,39,41), temperature signal 34 and other input signals, these signals, after data reception processing unit 35-7 treatment and analysis, are sent to operating mode determination module 35-1.Operating mode determination module 35-1 judges the operating mode of vehicle according to the input of data reception processing unit 35-7.In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the air-powered motor 31 control gear 35 controlled operating mode is divided into state of starting operating, idling operation, steady state operating condition, Accelerating running operating mode, run slowly operating mode.Control gear 35 takes different air inlet strategies according to different operating modes.
State of starting operating, when key switch signal 37 is enabled, when engine rotational speed signal 36 is less than idling speed threshold signal, namely thinks that air-powered motor 31 is in state of starting operating.Now, vacuum pump 13 is opened, the pressurized air of certain pressure enters decompression gas holder 5 from main gas holder 46.For the ease of the starting of air-powered motor 31, adopt to look into and get having little significance of MAP, now, fixing jet timing and jet amount is adopted (during top dead center, to start air inlet, and adopt maximum jet amount, so that start), by the adjustment of rotational speed of motor to idling, then with the jet timing of idling and jet amount, the rotating speed of air-powered motor 31 is maintained in idling, to wait for next step operation.The different idling threshold value of adjustment can be set according to different air-powered motors 31.Because air-powered motor is generally wool(l)y-type engine, idling threshold value can be set as 300 revs/min or 500 revs/min.
Idling operation, when throttle position is 0%, when engine speed is higher than idling threshold value, is defined as idling operation.The size of idling speed is according to looking into the practical operation situation of getting MAP data under this operating mode and determining.
Steady state operating condition, namely motor operates under accelerator pedal position and load immobilize or change less condition, and the rotating speed of motor can keep constant.In order to simplify the control of motor, the situation that accelerator pedal position change can be no more than 10% is defined as steady state operating condition.In outside MAP data storage 35-8, store the MAP of steady-state operation, according to engine speed and accelerator pedal position, directly search and call corresponding jet amount and jet timing.
Accelerating running operating mode, accelerator pedal position amplification regards as Accelerating running operating mode more than 10%, in order to keep traveling comfort, the method adopted gets an intermediate value between the upper accelerator pedal position that once collects and current throttle pedal position, cooperatively form an Accelerating running operating mode with present engine rotating speed, then in stable operation MAP, search corresponding jet timing and jet amount.
Run slowly operating mode, accelerator pedal position amount of decrease regards as Accelerating running operating mode more than 10%, in order to keep traveling comfort, the method adopted gets an intermediate value between the upper accelerator pedal position that once collects and current throttle pedal position, cooperatively form the operating mode that runs slowly with present engine rotating speed, then in stable operation MAP, search corresponding jet timing and jet amount.For the abrupt deceleration situation of accelerator pedal position amount of decrease more than 40%, or brake petal is operated brake signal when being activated, and the strategy taked stops air inlet, until depart from Accelerating running operating mode, then goes process according to corresponding operating mode.
Main control unit 35-4 and form air flow control module from control unit 35-2.Main control unit 35-4 judges to read MAP data by serial ports from outside MAP data storage 35-8 according to the operating mode that operating mode determination module 35-1 provides, and draws required jet timing and jet amount from MAP data.The jet timing obtained from MAP data storage 35-8 and jet amount send to from control unit 35-2 by serial port by main control unit 35-4, from control unit 35-2 use be such as the input parameter of engine speed and camshaft location by conversion output drive signal, drive singal zooms into the electrical signal driving flow control valve 25 to open by power amplification circuit.In the exemplary embodiment, the electrical signal driving flow control valve 25 is the endurance electrical signal that valve is opened.
Compressor control module 35-5 is used to control supplementary air inlet loop according to the pressurized air state in main gas holder 46.When the hypotony of main gas holder 46, when namely reflecting that the gas storage pressure signal 2 of main gas holder 46 compressed air capacity is too low (when such as pressure is lower than 5MPa), when compressor control module 35-5 receives this signal from data reception processing unit 35-7, gate-controlled switch 4 can be connected, battery unit 3 is powered to direct current generator 6, direct current generator 6 drives supplementary inlet air compressor 52 to work, and realizes the active air feed to main gas holder 46.
Control gear 35 also comprises the heating control module 35-3 controlling heating controller 17 and work, when the compressed-air actuated temperature 34 in heating controller 17 exceedes setting threshold value, heating control module 35-3 cuts off the electricity supply of the electric heater of battery unit 3 pairs of heating controllers 17, electric heater stops heating, so just the compressed air temperature in electric heater 17 can be controlled within threshold temperature scope.In exemplary enforcement, threshold temperature of the present invention is set to 400 DEG C.Heating control module 35-3 can also control secondary circuit.When the pressurized air in knock out drum 44 reaches certain pressure, heating control module starts air supplying pump 42, and the pressurized air in knock out drum 44 is sent into decompression gas holder 5 by air supplying pump 42.
Control gear 35 also comprises abnormal handling module 35-9, to be used for processing the non-normal working of air-powered motor 31 and phenomenon of the failure.When the engine rotational speed signal 36 that engine rotation speed sensor detects meets or exceeds the maximum permissible speed threshold value of air-powered motor 31 (being such as set as 3500 revs/min), this signal is sent to abnormal handling module 35-9 by data reception processing unit 35-7, purpose overspeed protective module 35-10 sends to flow control valve 25 instruction stopping air feed after receiving this overspeed protection signal from abnormal handling module 35-9 immediately, thus the air feed cut off to air-powered motor 31, till engine speed is adjusted to idling, then with the jet timing of idling and jet amount engine speed maintained operation idling waiting for next step.When brake petal is operated and gas pedal amplification sharply becomes the abnormal conditions of (namely gas pedal amplification is greater than 40%) greatly; abnormal handling module 35-9 triggers immediately and shuts down module 35-11; close flow control valve 25 immediately; cut off the power supply circuits of air-powered motor 31, engine stop work simultaneously.
With reference now to Fig. 3, Fig. 3, describe the internal structure according to heating controller 17 of the present invention.Heating controller 17 comprises cooling water tank 1709, circulating water pump 1701, first heating tank (left side heating tank is as shown in the figure the first heating tank), the second heating tank, connects breather line 5 between the first heating tank and the second heating tank, to the first water spout 1704 of the first heating tank water spray, the second water spout 1704 to the second heating tank water spray, and be connected to the one-way valve 1702 between water spout 1704 and circulating water pump 1701.First heating tank and the second heating tank have identical structure, and heating tank is duplex shell structure, and most external is cooling chamber shell 1720, and centre is cooling chamber inner casing 1722, and the inside is heating core outer wall 1724.Annular space between cooling chamber shell 1720 and cooling chamber inner casing 1722 is cooling chamber 1710, water in cooling water tank 1709 enters cooling chamber 1710 after circulating water pump 1701 pumping, to cool heating tank, prevent the outside wall temperature of heating tank too high and affect pipeline around or electric equipment.Cooling water tank 1709 is back to through cooler bin water pipe 1728 after water heat exchange in cooling chamber 1710.
Spiral heating pipe 1711 is furnished with between heating core 1726 and cooling chamber inner casing 1722.Why heating pipe is set to multi-circle spiral flow shape, is convenient to carry out sufficient heat exchange with heating core 1726 by the pressurized air of heating pipe 1711, improves compressed-air actuated object rapidly to reach.Heating pipe 1711 on first heating tank is connected with gas holder pipeline 14 by admission line 1703, to receive post-decompression pressurized air from decompression gas holder 5.The inside of heating core 1726 has hollow heating chamber 1712, and pressurized air enters heating chamber 1712 and further heats after heating pipe 1711.In the present invention, heating core 1726 is a kind of electric heater.From the heating chamber 1712 of the first heating tank out add hot air to enter the second heating tank heating pipe 1711 through breather line 5, enter the heating chamber 1712 of the second heating tank thereafter again.Pressurized air after twice heating tank heating after filtration exsiccator 23 is sent to flow control valve 25, to be sent to air-powered motor 31 further.The top of the heating core 1726 of the second heating tank is also provided with pressure-limit valve 1708, when the pressurized air in heating core 1726 exceedes after the authorized pressure of pressure-limit valve, pressure-limit valve 1708 is opened, and a part of pressurized air enters in knock out drum 44 and saves, and is connected to air supplying pump 42 through outlet pipe 1706.
First heating tank is provided with the first temperature transducer K1 and the first pressure transducer P1, second heating tank is provided with the second temperature transducer K2 and the second pressure transducer P2, temperature transducer K1, K2 and pressure transducer P1, P2 sends the compressed-air actuated temperature and pressure in the heating tank detected to control gear 35, the heating control module 35-3 of control gear 35 controls gate-controlled switch 1707(as shown in Figure 2 according to the temperature signal received or pressure signal, herein first, second temperature transducer represents to mark 38 in FIG, herein first, second pressure transducer is representing to mark 49 in FIG).When the temperature signal value that the first temperature transducer K1 detects is greater than temperature threshold (being such as 400 DEG C) of setting, heating control module 35-3 sends the instruction of disconnection to the first gate-controlled switch 1713 and the second gate-controlled switch 1714 simultaneously, battery unit 3 powers no longer to heating controller 17, stops the heating to heating tank.When the temperature signal value that the first temperature transducer K1 detects is less than temperature threshold (being such as 400 DEG C) of setting, first gate-controlled switch 1713 is connected, second gate-controlled switch 1714 is connected, from decompression gas holder 5 pressurized air through heating controller 17 the first heating tank, second heating tank heating.When the temperature signal value that the second temperature transducer K2 detects is greater than temperature threshold (being such as 400 DEG C) of setting, heating control module 35-3 sends the instruction of disconnection to the second gate-controlled switch 1714, battery unit 3 powers, till the compressed-air actuated temperature in the second heating tank is less than temperature threshold no longer to the second heating tank of heating controller 17.
In an alternative embodiment, the heating of heating controller 17 also can be controlled according to the pressure signal of pressure transducer P1, P2.Such as, pressure threshold is set as 15MPa, when the pressure signal value that the first pressure transducer P1 detects is greater than pressure threshold (being such as 15MPa) of setting, heating control module 35-3 sends the instruction of disconnection to the first gate-controlled switch 1713 and the second gate-controlled switch 1714 simultaneously, battery unit 3 powers no longer to heating controller 17, stops the heating to heating tank.When the pressure signal value that the first pressure transducer P1 detects is less than the pressure threshold of setting, first gate-controlled switch 1713 is connected, second gate-controlled switch 1714 is connected, from decompression gas holder 5 pressurized air through heating controller 17 the first heating tank, second heating tank heating.When the pressure signal value that the second pressure transducer P2 detects is greater than the pressure threshold of setting, heating control module 35-3 sends the instruction of disconnection to the second gate-controlled switch 1714, battery unit 3 powers, till the compressed-air actuated pressure in the second heating tank is less than pressure threshold no longer to the second heating tank of heating controller 17.
Consult Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 now, Fig. 4 is the air-powered motor in Fig. 1 and the three-dimensional oblique view after control for air distribution assembling; Fig. 5 is multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine and the rear sectional view laterally taken of control for air distribution assembling of Fig. 4.As shown in Figure 4, control for air distribution 28 is made up of two, left and right air distribution unit 2800, and each air distribution unit 2800 is arranged on the top of left and right two exhaust casings respectively.Left and right two exhaust casings become V-type each other, and v-angle can change according to embody rule, can be 60 °, 90 °, 120 ° or other angles.In the configuration shown in Fig. 4, the angle of left and right two exhaust casing is 90 °.Every exhaust casing has 3 cylinders.Each cylinder comprises cylinder body 3107, cylinder cap 3108, cylinder head cover 3102, and air distribution unit 2800 is inclined and mounted on the cylinder head cover upper cover 3122 of cylinder head cover, and it keeps reliably sealing with cylinder head cover upper cover 3122.Air distribution unit 2800 is connected gear 3105 by admission cam shaft 2801, chain 3106 with chain and is mechanically connected, the rotation of bent axle 3135 is delivered to admission cam shaft by chain connection gear 3105, chain 3106 and is realized the air inlet of each cylinder.The bent axle 3135 of air-powered motor 31 is provided with flywheel 3110, and oil sump 3108 is used for storing the lubricant oil that lubricates of motor 31.
With further reference to Fig. 5, piston 3132 is connected with connecting rod 3133 by wrist pin 3138, and is connected on bent axle 3135 by connecting rod 3133.The piston 3132 that rotarily drives of bent axle 3135 moves reciprocatingly in the cylinder sleeve 3131 of cylinder body 3107.Left and right two exhaust casings are respectively equipped with respective exhaust cam shaft 3116 and regulate the admission cam shaft 2801 of pressurized air air inlet for controlling control for air distribution 28.Pressurized air through control for air distribution 28 enters air expansion chamber (not shown) between piston 3132 and cylinder cap 3103 through air inlet trunnion 3101, and the pressurized gas after acting is discharged through outlet pipe 3114.
The exhaust gear of air-powered motor is described now in further detail.The exhaust gear of V-type 6 cylinder air-powered motor of the present invention comprises exhaust cam shaft 3116, exhaust tappet 3119, rocking arm 3121, pitman arm shaft 3123, shoulder pole iron 3124, exhaust valve spring 3127, exhaust valve 3128.One end of exhaust tappet 3119 is with the exhaust cam contact on exhaust cam shaft 3116, and the other end is connected on rocking arm 3121 by rocking arm bolt 3120.Rocking arm can rotate around pitman arm shaft 3123, and rocking arm 3121 is contacted with shoulder pole iron 3124 by the oppose protruding (not shown) of rocking arm at one end place of itself and rocking arm bolt 3120.Two ends of shoulder pole iron 3124 contact with two exhaust valves 3129 respectively, and under the effect of exhaust valve spring 3127, drive the unlatching of exhaust valve 3128.The exhaust valve lining 3129 that directing exhaust gas door 3128 moves also is provided with between exhaust valve 3128 and cylinder cap 3103.Exhaust valve spring 3127 is resisted against on exhaust valve spring seat 3126, and when exhaust valve 3128 cuts out, it is resisted against in exhaust valve cover for seat 3131.
With reference now to Fig. 6-Fig. 8, wherein, Fig. 6 is the three-dimensional oblique view of the control for air distribution in Fig. 1; Fig. 7 is the cross sectional longitudinal view of the control for air distribution of Fig. 6; Fig. 8 is the side cross-sectional view of the control for air distribution of Fig. 6.As shown in the figure, control dispensing controller 28 and comprise the air distribution unit 2800 that two, left and right becomes " V " shape, each air distribution unit comprises 2800 and comprises an admission cam shaft 2801, intake cam shaft housing 2802, three air distribution module 2830, high-pressure common rail constant voltage pipe 2826.Air distribution module 2830 comprises seat 2816 in seat 2825 under controller upper cover 2803, the controller seat of honour 2804, controller, controller.In each controller seat 2816 from top to bottom (orientation as shown in Figure 7) there is valve spring hole 2832, valve oil sealing of hole 2833, air inlet trunnion communicated cavity 2834.Controller valve 2809, controller valve spring 2808, valve column sleeve 2810, valve oil seal 2811, controller valve cover for seat 2817, controller cotter seat 2806 is established in seat 2816 in controller.Controller valve 2809 is supported on valve seat trepanning (unmarked) respectively by respective controller valve cover for seat 2817.Air inlet trunnion communicated cavity 2834 is there is between valve oil seal 2811 and controller valve cover for seat 2817, the side of this communicated cavity 2834 is provided with inlet hole, to communicate with air inlet trunnion 3101, with when controller valve 2809 is opened, pressurized air from high-pressure common rail constant voltage pipe 2826 is sent into expanded exhaust room, thus drives engine operation.
In the exemplary embodiment, the aperture of valve spring hole 2832, valve oil sealing of hole 2833, air inlet trunnion communicated cavity 2834 is different, the diameter in valve spring hole 28321 is greater than the diameter of valve oil sealing of hole 2833, and be less than the diameter of air inlet trunnion communicated cavity 2834, the diameter of air inlet trunnion communicated cavity 2834 is less than the diameter of valve seat trepanning.Controller valve cover for seat 2817 is arranged in controller valve seat trepanning, and is supported on air inlet trunnion communicated cavity 2834.Valve oil seal 2811 is arranged in valve oil sealing of hole 2833, and is supported on controller valve spring 2808, by the valve stem of controller valve 2809 in it.This valve oil seal 2811 also play the guiding role to valve stem except carrying out sealing to controller valve 2809.Controller valve spring 2808 is arranged in valve spring hole 2832, and its upper end is supported with controller cotter seat 2806, and is fastened on controller valve spring cover for seat 2806 by controller valve collet sheet 2807.When motor does not work, the pretensioning that controller valve spring 2808 preload is certain, controller valve 2809 is resisted against in controller valve cover for seat 2817 by it, and controller valve 2809 is closed, and then controls entering of gas.
High-pressure common rail constant voltage pipe 2826 has cylindrical outer shape, and it also can be the profile such as rectangle, triangle.High-pressure common rail constant voltage pipe 2826 inside is be such as columniform cavity, to accept the high pressure admission from flow control valve 25, and keep the compressed air pressure in cavity balanced substantially, to make the high-pressure air of the expanded exhaust indoor initially entering each cylinder have identical pressure, thus to make engine mildness.The two ends of high-pressure common rail constant voltage pipe 2826 are fixedly equipped with air inlet rear end cover 2824, the air inlet rear end cover 2824 be connected with flow control valve 25 at it has outward extending flange, this flange extend in the pipeline 2821 between flow control valve 25 and high-pressure common rail constant voltage pipe 2826, and is removably fixedly connected with pressure duct by the Placement being such as screw thread.The air inlet rear end cover 2824 of high-pressure common rail constant voltage pipe 2826 is connected with high-pressure common rail constant voltage pipe 2826 by end cover connecting bolt 2823.High-pressure common rail constant voltage pipe 2826 is provided with the lower seat attachment hole (unmarked) corresponding to single number of cylinders, is provided with valve motion chamber 2835 under controller in seat 2825, and it is communicated with high-pressure common rail constant voltage pipe 2826 by lower seat attachment hole fixing seal ground.Under controller seat 2825 by lower seat and middle seat connecting bolt 2818 or other fastening pieces and seat in controller 2816 formed seal, be detachably fixedly connected with.In controller, seat 2140 forms by middle seat and seat of honour connecting bolt 2815 or other fastening pieces and the controller seat of honour 2804 being detachably fixedly connected with of sealing.
Consult Fig. 7 further, intake cam shaft housing 2802 is fixedly mounted between the controller seat of honour 2804 and controller upper cover 2803, and its inside is provided with admission cam shaft 2801.The inside at the controller seat of honour 2804 is provided with multiple tappet mounting hole 2831 for installing tappet 2805, and tappet 2805 pumps with the rotation of admission cam shaft 2801.When needs provide high pressure air to cylinder, the downward jack-up tappet 2805 of cam of admission cam shaft 2801, tappet 2805 then jack-up controller valve 2809 controller valve 2809 overcomes the pulling force of controller valve spring 2808, leave controller valve cover for seat 2817, thus controller valve 2809 is opened, high pressure air is able to enter expanded exhaust room from high-pressure common rail constant voltage pipe 2826, to meet the air feed demand of motor.After admission cam shaft 2801 turns over several angle with bent axle 3135, controller valve 2809 is again seated in controller valve cover for seat 2817 under the restoring force effect of controller valve spring 2808, and controller valve 2809 is closed, and air feed terminates.Because compressed air engine of the present invention is two stroke engine, bent axle 3135 often rotates one week, controller valve 2809 and each opening and closing of outlet valve once, therefore, are easy to arrange the annexation of the cam phase of admission cam shaft 2801 and exhaust cam shaft 3116 and they and bent axle 3135.
Although disclose in detail the present invention with reference to accompanying drawing, it should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary, be not used for limiting application of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention by appended claims, and can be included in the various modification made for the present invention of pin when not departing from scope and spirit, remodeling and equivalents.
Claims (12)
1., for a multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine assembly for Pneumatic automobile, it comprises:
Air-powered motor, it comprises: left and right two exhaust casing, piston, connecting rod, air inlet trunnion, exhaust gear, bent axle, flywheel, oil sump, and every exhaust casing has three cylinders;
Control for air distribution, it comprises two air distribution unit, and the pressurized air distributed through air distribution unit sends into left and right two exhaust casings respectively through air inlet trunnion;
Main gas holder, it is connected with the decompression gas holder in downstream, to provide required high pressure air for air-powered motor;
Heating controller, it is connected with decompression gas holder, to carry out supercharging and intensification to the pressurized air entered wherein;
Flow control valve, it is connected with heating controller by Filter dryer, to receive the pressurized air after heating up from heating controller;
Control gear, it is according to the operating conditions flow control valve of air-powered motor;
It is characterized in that, described multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine assembly also comprises:
Secondary circuit, it is connected between heating controller and decompression gas holder, to send the pressurized air of Overpressure of a safety valve threshold value in heating controller back to decompression gas holder.
2. multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine assembly according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises supplementary air inlet loop further.
3. multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine assembly according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises tail gas recycle and boost-up circuit further.
4. the multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine assembly according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, described secondary circuit comprises auxiliary piping, safety valve, knock out drum and air supplying pump, when the pressure Overpressure of a safety valve threshold value that the pressure transducer in heating controller detects, safety valve is opened, and unnecessary high-pressure air enters in knock out drum from heating controller and temporarily preserves.
5. multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine assembly according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described tail gas recycle and boost-up circuit comprise silencing apparatus, device for recovering tail gas, filter, tail gas booster compressor, one-way valve, main gas holder branch road and heating controller branch road.
6. multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine assembly according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described main gas holder branch road is provided with condenser and pressure-limit valve, so that the pressurized air of higher pressure is sent to main gas holder.
7. multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine assembly according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described heating controller branch road is provided with sequence valve, and when the tail gas pressure after the supercharging of tail gas booster compressor is less than 10MPa, supercharging tail gas is sent in heating controller by sequence valve.
8. multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine assembly according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the pipeline that described supplementary air inlet loop comprises battery unit, gate-controlled switch, direct current generator, supplementary inlet air compressor and is connected between main gas holder and supplementary inlet air compressor.
9. multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine assembly according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the cracking pressure of described pressure-limit valve is 10MPa, 12 MPa or 15MPa.
10. multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine assembly according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described air distribution unit comprises admission cam shaft, intake cam shaft housing, air distribution module and high-pressure common rail constant voltage pipe.
11. multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine assemblies according to any one of claim 1-3 or 10, is characterized in that, described exhaust gear comprises exhaust cam shaft, exhaust tappet, rocking arm, pitman arm shaft, shoulder pole iron, exhaust valve spring and exhaust valve.
12. multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine assemblies according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, described air distribution module comprises: seat under seat and controller in controller upper cover, the controller seat of honour, controller, described admission cam shaft is placed in air inlet intake cam shaft housing, and described intake cam shaft housing is connected between controller upper cover and the controller seat of honour.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510062485.1A CN104763472B (en) | 2012-05-25 | 2012-05-25 | Multi-cylinder air-powered engine assembly for air-powered vehicle |
| CN201210164319.9A CN103422893B (en) | 2012-05-25 | 2012-05-25 | Aerodynamic engine assembly used for pneumatic automobile |
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| CN201210164319.9A CN103422893B (en) | 2012-05-25 | 2012-05-25 | Aerodynamic engine assembly used for pneumatic automobile |
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| CN104153818A (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2014-11-19 | 严基铭 | Air source piston engine |
| CN104358591B (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2016-10-05 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Opposed piston air motor |
| CN104564159B (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2017-01-25 | 苟仲武 | Improved power device using environmental thermal energy and improved power system |
| EP3604807A4 (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2020-08-26 | Anest Iwata Corporation | Reciprocating booster compressor |
| CN108386232B (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2023-07-21 | 冯帆 | Aerodynamic transport vehicle |
| CN110430725B (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2021-02-05 | 扬州创群网络科技有限公司 | Electric vehicle controller with prolonged service life |
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| CN103422893A (en) | 2013-12-04 |
| CN104763472A (en) | 2015-07-08 |
| CN104763472B (en) | 2017-05-10 |
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