CN103414234A - Low-cost and overlong-service-life solar load electric power storage system - Google Patents

Low-cost and overlong-service-life solar load electric power storage system Download PDF

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CN103414234A
CN103414234A CN2013103958906A CN201310395890A CN103414234A CN 103414234 A CN103414234 A CN 103414234A CN 2013103958906 A CN2013103958906 A CN 2013103958906A CN 201310395890 A CN201310395890 A CN 201310395890A CN 103414234 A CN103414234 A CN 103414234A
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accumulating unit
electricity accumulating
buffering
capacity
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CN103414234B (en
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李洪强
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Hunan University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a low-cost and overlong-service life solar load electric power storage system, which is used for being connected with a solar photovoltaic panel and a load to meet the requirements of electric energy storage and release. In the electric power storage system, a low-capacity buffering electric power storage unit used for charging and discharging frequently and a high-capacity main electric power storage unit used for charging and discharging at intervals for a long time are adopted to construct a dual electric power storage module; the designs of the capacities of the buffering power storage unit and the main electric power storage unit differ according to regional climatic characteristics and the using requirements of lamps; the main electric power storage unit adopts a stepped buffering gradient-type design. The electric power storage system is low in cost, and the service life is prolonged greatly and is 3-10 times those of various conventional solar load electric power storage systems.

Description

The solar energy load accumulating system of a kind of low cost, extra long life
Technical field
The present invention relates to the accumulating system that a kind of low cost, extra long life need to discharge and recharge in the face of high frequency time, be specially adapted to all kinds of common load of solar energy as the energy of usining.
Background technology
The photovoltaic application belongs to intermittently using energy source, needs supporting with it accumulating system in a lot of situations.Variously using the common load of solar energy as the energy, below with solar energy lamp, describe, all kinds of solar energy lamps (solar street light, Lawn lamp, lower-light level illuminating lamp, Landscape Lamp etc.) all will arrange accumulating system, meet photovoltaic panel generating on daytime, charging, the user demand of electric discharge in night.
As the accumulating system of one of large core component of solar energy lamp four (solar energy photovoltaic panel, lighting, accumulating system and control system), directly determined the useful life of solar energy lamp, because other three large component life (light fixture is selected LED) is all over 10 years, and the life-span of accumulating system only has 1-2 at present.
In the life-span of solar energy lamp accumulating system, directly be subject to the impact of accumulating system design.With the supporting accumulating system of solar street light, be at present all to form, meet electric power storage and the needs that discharge, and take lead acid accumulator as main by the storage battery of single variety (commonly used have plumbic acid, NI-G, ni-mh) series and parallel.Although lead-acid battery capacity is high, cost is low, and it is very few that it charges and discharge cycle-index, 80%DOD(DOD, depth of discharge) time be 400 times, usually 1-2 must change batteries, greatly reduces the useful life of solar street light.Batteries accounts for the 25-30% of whole light fixture cost, and then impels the maintenance cost of solar street light batteries greatly to increase.Current lithium ion battery and super capacitor (a kind of Novel energy storage apparatus, comprise two kinds of double layer capacitor and counterfeit electric capacity, and the charge and discharge cycles number of times is 3-10 ten thousand times), memory-less effect almost, the charge and discharge cycles number of times is very large, but price is very expensive, can't bear economically.Therefore whole accumulating system adopts lithium ion or super capacitor, still infeasible at present.
Aspect Capacity design, often according to local weather number of days, design, as 1:2 weather number of days, design capacity is 3 times (that is generating was with three days in, a day) of power consumption at night.If continuous three days fine days, solar energy utilization ratio is only 30%, if the continuous sunny number increases, utilance can be lower; If non-fine day for three days on end on the contrary, the lamp accident that do not work, occur in accumulating system electric power exhaustion.
Generally speaking, the problems such as at present variously using that solar energy is short as the accumulating system average life of the load device of the energy, solar energy utilization ratio is low, the operating time is short during without solar irradiation, existing accumulation of energy design can't address the above problem.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: for the accumulating system design of existing all kinds of solar energy loads generally face there is no effective solution than short life, low solar energy primary energy ratio, without solar energy irradiation the time problems such as the operating time is short, a kind of low cost of brand new ideas, the solar energy load accumulating system of extra long life are provided.Realized significantly improving the solar energy primary energy ratio under the lower cost prerequisite, and realized the long service life of solar energy load accumulating system, with traditional electric power storage design comparison, the accumulating system life-span of the present invention is improved 3-10 doubly.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the solar energy load accumulating system of a kind of low cost, extra long life, be connected with solar energy photovoltaic panel and at least one load, and meet power storage and release demand.Be characterized in, this accumulating system adopts the buffering electricity accumulating unit (meeting the demand that discharges and recharges of high frequency time) of low capacity and two power storage module that jumbo main electricity accumulating unit (for the long demand that discharges and recharges of all period interval) forms, and this main electricity accumulating unit adopts the design of ladder disign gradual change type.
It is that the lithium ion battery group of 1000-2000 time or charge and discharge cycles number of times are the ultracapacitor of 3-10 ten thousand times that above-mentioned buffering electricity accumulating unit adopts memory-less effect, charge and discharge cycles number of times, above-mentioned main electricity accumulating unit employing has memory effect, charge and discharge cycles number of times only lead-acid batteries, cadmium-nickel storage cell group or the nickel-hydrogen accumulator group of 400-700 time.So, when have solar irradiation daytime, the solar energy photovoltaic panel generating, to the buffering electricity accumulating unit charging that lithium ion battery group (or ultracapacitor) forms, the simultaneous buffering electricity accumulating unit charges to main electricity accumulating unit (plumbic acid or hydrogen cadmium or Nickel-Hydrogen batteries).When evening, lighting needed driven by power to throw light on, by the buffering electricity accumulating unit, provide electric power, main electricity accumulating unit continues to keep charged state.In case run into continuously overcast and rainyly, main electricity accumulating unit, to buffering electricity accumulating unit quick charge, is full of the buffering electricity accumulating unit.Therefore, completed the charge and discharge process of high frequency by memory-less effect, high buffering electricity accumulating unit of cycle-index life-span, main electricity accumulating unit greatly reduces the cycle discharged and recharged, and has significantly improved the accumulating system whole service life.
The capacity of above-mentioned buffering electricity accumulating unit and main electricity accumulating unit, according to from different places and different, can adopt meticulous, coarse two kinds of proportioning computational methods.Wherein, Precise computation is: in the scope of a given area, main electricity accumulating unit capacity+buffering electricity accumulating unit capacity=the longest overcast and rainy interior load total power consumption continuously in 3 years, the capacity of buffering electricity accumulating unit=mono-day internal burden total power consumption * { (cloudy number in upper one year/fine day number in upper one year)+1.2 }.
The above-mentioned coarse computational methods of carrying are: the proportioning after directly selecting to optimize according to the China five classes areas of solar radiation intensity division, be specially: a class area, buffering electricity accumulating unit capacity doubly designs according to the 1.2-1.5 of load power consumption in night, and main electricity accumulating unit capacity is 1.5-2 times of buffering electricity accumulating unit capacity; Two class areas, buffering electricity accumulating unit capacity doubly designs according to the 1.5-2 of load power consumption in night, and main electricity accumulating unit capacity is 2-2.5 times of buffering electricity accumulating unit capacity; Three class areas, buffering electricity accumulating unit capacity doubly designs according to the 1.5-2 of load power consumption in night, and main electricity accumulating unit capacity is 2-3 times of buffering electricity accumulating unit capacity; Four, five class areas, buffering electricity accumulating unit capacity doubly designs according to the 2-2.5 of load power consumption in night, and main electricity accumulating unit capacity is 3-5 times of buffering electricity accumulating unit capacity.According to the rough design in five classes areas the time, overcast and rainy days is longer continuously if local, cushions the electricity accumulating unit capacity and main electricity accumulating unit capacity is all got higher value, otherwise chooses smaller value.
Above-mentioned main electricity accumulating unit adopts the design of ladder disign gradual change type to refer to: when buffering electricity accumulating unit life termination, from main electricity accumulating unit, marking part electric power storage zone as new buffering area (being new buffering electricity accumulating unit), main electricity accumulating unit remainder is as new main electricity accumulating unit.Now, new buffering electricity accumulating unit will be no longer to new main electricity accumulating unit charging, directly charged to new buffering electricity accumulating unit and new main electricity accumulating unit by the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of described solar energy photovoltaic panel daytime, and discharged and driven load by new buffering electricity accumulating unit night.When new buffering electricity accumulating unit electric weight is exhausted, there are two kinds of modes to meet the demand of discharging night, first kind of way is that new main electricity accumulating unit charges to new buffering electricity accumulating unit, new buffering electricity accumulating unit meets the demand of discharging night, the second way is that new main electricity accumulating unit directly meets the demand of discharging night, to new buffering electricity accumulating unit charging, new buffering electricity accumulating unit is not waited for the charging of solar energy photovoltaic panel Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT).So, can improve to greatest extent the useful life of whole solar energy load accumulating system.After new buffering area (new buffering electricity accumulating unit) life termination, again from new main electricity accumulating unit, continuing the new buffering area of cutting as new buffering electricity accumulating unit, according to this, the concrete magnitude setting of buffering area is 1-5, high reps≤(main electricity accumulating unit capacity/buffering electricity accumulating unit capacity)-1.
The present invention breaks through traditional Solar lamp accumulating system design concept, adopt brand-new method for designing and technology, cost is low, not only significantly improve the solar energy primary energy ratio, and realized solar energy load long service life and the time work duration without solar irradiation, possess and realize the plurality of advantages such as simple, that application is wide.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, two electricity accumulating unit framework modes of forming of the buffering electricity accumulating unit that forms by design lithium ion battery (or ultracapacitor) of the present invention and the main electricity accumulating unit that formed by plumbic acid or NI-G or nickel-hydrogen accumulator, greatly reduce in set time of main electricity accumulating unit and discharge and recharge number of times, elongate main electricity accumulating unit and discharged and recharged all period interval, thereby improved the useful life of whole accumulating system, improved 3-10 doubly.
2, buffering electricity accumulating unit of the present invention adopts memoryless property, lithium ion battery (or ultracapacitor) that the charge and discharge cycles number of times is high, success solved the solar energy high frequency time and discharge and recharge the life-span brought and reduce problem.
3, buffering electricity accumulating unit of the present invention, be that lithium ion battery (or ultracapacitor) buffering electricity accumulating unit Capacity design is little, maximum be only 1.2-2.5 times of power consumption between single night, and initial cost increase cost is not high, possess more excellent economy, possess characteristics cheaply.
4, the present invention adopts common plumbic acid or ni-mh or NI-G conventional accumulators to form main electricity accumulating unit, and cheap, not larger initial cost cost increases, and cost is low.
5, buffering electricity accumulating unit of the present invention and main electricity accumulating unit capacity are optimized design, adapt to multiple climatic province, the operating time while significantly having improved without solar radiation, the longest normal illumination under exceedingly odious condition can realize utilizing without solar energy in 30 days the time.
6, main electricity accumulating unit of the present invention adopts the design of ladder disign gradual change type, even a nearly step has improved under buffering electricity accumulating unit failure conditions, and the useful life of main electricity accumulating unit.Do not designing in buffering electricity accumulating unit situation, single accumulating system adopts the ladder disign gradual change type to design, and only setting up the first-level buffer district is 1.6 times of the former life-span useful life, if set up the two-stage buffering area be more than 2 times of former life-span useful life.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is general frame schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is accumulating system of the present invention fundamental diagram when solar irradiation is arranged;
Fig. 3 is accumulating system fundamental diagram in night of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the exhausted fundamental diagram of buffering electricity accumulating unit electric weight of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is buffering electricity accumulating unit end-of-life of the present invention, opens buffering area 1, fundamental diagram when solar irradiation is arranged;
Fig. 6 is buffering electricity accumulating unit end-of-life of the present invention, opens the fundamental diagram in night of buffering area 1;
Fig. 7 is the fundamental diagram of buffering area 1 electric weight exhaustion of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is another fundamental diagram of buffering area 1 electric weight exhaustion of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the fundamental diagram of buffering area 1 end-of-life of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below take certain model solar lawn lamp model machine (CPD-NO.01) is example, describes the applicating adn implementing of accumulating system of the present invention in detail.
In conjunction with referring to Fig. 1, the solar lawn lamp model machine comprises four parts: solar energy photovoltaic panel (employing polysilicon), accumulating system (comprise buffering electricity accumulating unit and main electricity accumulating unit, in the present embodiment, the buffering electricity accumulating unit adopts the lithium ion battery group to form, main electricity accumulating unit employing lead-acid batteries formation), lighting is Lawn lamp (the mono-lamp power of LED 3W, operating voltage 12V) and control system (not shown in the figures, as to be prior art).This accumulating system is connected with lighting, and solar energy photovoltaic panel generates electricity when solar energy irradiation is arranged by day.
The choice for use area is Changsha, is solar energy resources four, five class areas.Every day, illumination was 4 hours often, needed every night electric weight 1Ah.Buffering electricity accumulating unit capacity is according to 2.5 times of designs of power consumption in night, and lithium ion buffering electricity accumulating unit Capacity design is 2.5Ah.Selecting main electricity accumulating unit capacity and buffering capacitance of storage proportioning is 3.2 times, and plumbic acid master electricity accumulating unit Capacity design is 8Ah.The solar energy photovoltaic panel energy output is designed to 5W, and every day, photoelectric conversion time was 6 hours.
When the normal operation of buffering electricity accumulating unit, as shown in Figure 2, when solar energy irradiation is arranged daytime (and the solar energy irradiation intensity can produce photoelectric effect), solar energy photovoltaic panel (PV plate) generating, the buffering electricity accumulating unit is charged, and the simultaneous buffering electricity accumulating unit charges to main electricity accumulating unit.In the time of need to providing electric power to lighting, as shown in Figure 3, discharged by the buffering electricity accumulating unit evening, continues simultaneously main electricity accumulating unit is discharged, and keeps main electricity accumulating unit still to keep charged state.
In case run into continuous overcast and rainy days (over 2.5 days), namely cushion the electricity accumulating unit electric weight and exhaust, as shown in Figure 4, main electricity accumulating unit is rapidly to the charging of buffering electricity accumulating unit, until be full of.Continue according to front narration work pattern, if continue 2.5 days overcast and rainy, main electricity accumulating unit continues to charge to the buffering electricity accumulating unit, until be full of.Now the solar lawn lamp of design, can meet normal illumination in 10 days under the most extreme mal-condition (being all overcast and rainy), is 3 times of duration of working under common equal design parameter.
Buffering electricity accumulating unit end-of-life when lithium ion battery group formation, as shown in Figure 5, according to the ladder disign gradual change type method for designing of main accumulating system, it is new buffering electricity accumulating unit that main electricity accumulating unit is cut out to part electric power storage zone formation buffering area 1(), as in this model machine, cut out the electric power storage zone of 2.5Ah, the remaining main electric power storage of former main electricity accumulating unit district is as new main electricity accumulating unit.Daytime, when solar irradiation was arranged, buffering area 1 charged, and solar energy photovoltaic panel directly also charges to the charging of main electric power storage district simultaneously.While working, discharged by buffering area 1 evening, drives Lawn lamp, as shown in Figure 6.
Overcast and rainy (over 2.5 days) in case continuously, buffering area 1 electric weight exhaustion, can be charged to buffering area 1 by the new main electric power storage district formed as shown in Figure 7, until be full of, continues to return to normal operating conditions.This kind pattern, be in buffering area 1 end-of-life situation at new buffer cell, and this kind type is (being all overcast and rainy) under the most extreme mal-condition, can meet normal illumination in 7 days, is 2.5 times of duration of working under common equal design parameter.
Overcast and rainy (over 2.5 days) in case continuously, when buffering area 1 electric weight is exhausted, also can be as shown in Figure 8, new main electricity accumulating unit does not charge to buffering area 1, directly drives load (Lawn lamp) work, and buffering area 1 is waited for the solar energy photovoltaic panel charging.This kind pattern, be in buffering area 1 end-of-life situation at new buffer cell, and this kind type is (being all overcast and rainy) under the most extreme mal-condition, can meet normal illumination in 7 days, is 2 times of duration of working under common equal design parameter.
As shown in Figure 9, in the situation that buffering electricity accumulating unit end-of-life, in case 1 life-span of buffering area is when also stopping, at former main electricity accumulating unit, cut out in the rear remaining part of buffering area 1 and hew out again buffering area 2 as new buffering electricity accumulating unit, finally remaining main electric power storage district, as new main electricity accumulating unit, continues to repeat the above-mentioned course of work.By that analogy, according to demand buffering area can be set, mostly be most 5 times, in the present embodiment, this kind type has only designed buffering area 2 times.
Overall calculation is got off, and this type can improve accumulating system about 6-7 in useful life times of same parameter Solar lamp.Initial cost, approximately increase by 30%.Life cycle is analyzed, and this type cost is 25% of equal type cost.

Claims (8)

1. the solar energy load accumulating system of a low cost, extra long life, be connected with solar energy photovoltaic panel and at least one load, meet power storage and release demand, it is characterized in that, this accumulating system adopts low capacity to form two power storage module for the buffering electricity accumulating unit frequently discharged and recharged and the main electricity accumulating unit that large capacity discharges and recharges for the longer cycle interval, and this main electricity accumulating unit adopts the design of ladder disign gradual change type.
2. the solar energy load accumulating system of a kind of low cost as claimed in claim 1, extra long life, it is characterized in that, it is that the lithium ion battery group of 1000-2000 time or charge and discharge cycles number of times are the ultracapacitor of 3-10 ten thousand times that described buffering electricity accumulating unit adopts the charge and discharge cycles number of times.
3. the solar energy load accumulating system of a kind of low cost as claimed in claim 1, extra long life, is characterized in that, described main electricity accumulating unit adopts charge and discharge cycles number of times only lead-acid batteries, cadmium-nickel storage cell group or the nickel-hydrogen accumulator group of 400-700 time.
4. the solar energy load accumulating system of a kind of low cost as claimed in claim 1, extra long life, is characterized in that, the capacity of described buffering electricity accumulating unit and main electricity accumulating unit, according to from different places and different, adopts meticulous or coarse two kinds of computational methods.
5. the solar energy load accumulating system of a kind of low cost as claimed in claim 4, extra long life, it is characterized in that, described Precise computation is: in specifying application region, main electricity accumulating unit capacity equals the longest overcast and rainy interior load total power consumption continuously in 3 years, the capacity of buffering electricity accumulating unit=mono-day internal burden total power consumption * { (cloudy number in upper one year/fine day number in upper one year)+1.2 } with buffering electricity accumulating unit capacity sum.
6. the solar energy load accumulating system of a kind of low cost as claimed in claim 4, extra long life, it is characterized in that, described coarse computational methods are: distinguish according to the China five class ground that solar radiation intensity is divided, one class area, buffering electricity accumulating unit capacity is 1.2-1.5 times of load power consumption in night, and main electricity accumulating unit capacity is 1.5-2 times of buffering electricity accumulating unit capacity; Two class areas, buffering electricity accumulating unit capacity are 1.5-2 times of load power consumption in night, and main electricity accumulating unit capacity is 2-2.5 times of buffering electricity accumulating unit capacity; Three class areas, buffering electricity accumulating unit capacity are 1.5-2 times of load power consumption in night, and main electricity accumulating unit capacity is 2-3 times of buffering electricity accumulating unit capacity; Four, five class areas, buffering electricity accumulating unit capacity is load power consumption in night 2-2.5 times, main electricity accumulating unit capacity is 3-5 times of buffering electricity accumulating unit capacity; If overcast and rainy days is longer continuously local, cushions the electricity accumulating unit capacity and main electricity accumulating unit capacity is all got higher value, otherwise chooses smaller value.
7. the solar energy load accumulating system of a kind of low cost as claimed in claim 1, extra long life, it is characterized in that, described main electricity accumulating unit adopts the design of ladder disign gradual change type to refer to: when buffering electricity accumulating unit life termination, from main electricity accumulating unit, marking part electric power storage zone, be new buffering electricity accumulating unit as new buffering area, main electricity accumulating unit remainder is as new main electricity accumulating unit; After new buffering area life termination, again from new main electricity accumulating unit, continuing the new buffering area of cutting as new buffering electricity accumulating unit, so, the magnitude setting of buffering area is 1-5 time, and high reps does not subtract 1 higher than main electricity accumulating unit capacity and the ratio of buffering electricity accumulating unit capacity.
8. the solar energy load accumulating system of a kind of low cost as claimed in claim 7, extra long life, it is characterized in that, described when buffering electricity accumulating unit life termination, when main electricity accumulating unit, marking part electric power storage zone as new buffering electricity accumulating unit, new buffering electricity accumulating unit is no longer to new main electricity accumulating unit charging, directly charged to new buffering electricity accumulating unit and new main electricity accumulating unit by the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of described solar energy photovoltaic panel daytime, and discharged and driven load by new buffering electricity accumulating unit night; When new buffering electricity accumulating unit electric weight is exhausted, by new main electricity accumulating unit, charged to new buffering electricity accumulating unit, new buffering electricity accumulating unit meets the demand of discharging night, or new main electricity accumulating unit directly meets the demand of discharging night, newly cushions electricity accumulating unit and waits for the solar energy photovoltaic panel charging.
CN201310395890.6A 2013-09-04 2013-09-04 The solar energy load accumulating system of a kind of low cost, extra long life Expired - Fee Related CN103414234B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103762707A (en) * 2013-12-31 2014-04-30 华为技术有限公司 Solar power supply and method and device for controlling solar power supply
CN105207575A (en) * 2015-09-08 2015-12-30 江苏绿扬电子仪器集团有限公司 Hybrid energy storage device

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CN101170205A (en) * 2007-12-06 2008-04-30 中国科学院电工研究所 Lithium ion battery-super capacitor mixed energy storage optical voltage system
CN102593907A (en) * 2012-02-29 2012-07-18 华为技术有限公司 Power supply method and device as well as base station
US20130193751A1 (en) * 2010-10-14 2013-08-01 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Vehicular power supply apparatus, vehicle including the same, and method for controlling vehicle-mounted charger

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101170205A (en) * 2007-12-06 2008-04-30 中国科学院电工研究所 Lithium ion battery-super capacitor mixed energy storage optical voltage system
US20130193751A1 (en) * 2010-10-14 2013-08-01 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Vehicular power supply apparatus, vehicle including the same, and method for controlling vehicle-mounted charger
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN103762707A (en) * 2013-12-31 2014-04-30 华为技术有限公司 Solar power supply and method and device for controlling solar power supply
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CN105207575A (en) * 2015-09-08 2015-12-30 江苏绿扬电子仪器集团有限公司 Hybrid energy storage device

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