CN103413166A - Automatic switching power supply system for semi active RFID sensor tag - Google Patents
Automatic switching power supply system for semi active RFID sensor tag Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic switching power supply system for a semi active RFID sensor tag. The automatic switching power supply system includes an antenna, a tag module, a sensor, and is characterized by further comprising: a radio frequency simulation unit which is used for acquisition, storage, modulation, and demodulation of a radio frequency signal of the tag module, a digital control unit which is used for decoding, calibration, and processing of a baseband signal of the radio frequency simulation unit, a switching power supply unit which selects a power supply mode according to a command signal of the digital control unit, a power supply for ensure operation of the switching power supply unit, and a storage for reading and writing according to the command signal of the digital control unit. According to the invention, the control command is used to intelligently switch the power supply mode, so that the work efficiency of the semi active RFID sensor tag is improved, the power consumption is reduced, the resource is saved, and the environmental protection requirement is met.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of radio frequency identification and wireless sensing field, be specifically related to the automatic switchover electric power system for low-power consumption half active RFID sensing label.
Background technology
REID (Radio Frequency Identification, RFID) is a kind of contactless automatic identification technology, and it is by the radiofrequency signal automatic tag identification and can carry out two-way data transmission.
Rfid system is comprised of reader (Reader), electronic tag (Tag) and main frame three parts usually.The principle of work of rfid system is that operating personnel can carry out some operation to reader by main frame, reader sends the electromagnetic wave energy that is loaded with command information through antenna, label is by antenna reception information, and according to the protocol requirement return data, last reader receives the information from label.The RFID label that embeds intelligent sensor is the important component part of radio sensing network WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) and Internet of Things, is " feeler " in the perception world.Therefore, sensor is combined with the RFID technology, can realizes abundanter function, greatly expand the application of RFID.If temperature sensor, blood oxygen transducer are combined with RFID, can build the Telemedicine system.
Semi-active label in the past is to carry out preliminary judging distance according to received signal strength indicator (RSSI) value, then according to the far and near Switching power switch of operating distance, realizes passive to active mode of operation or active conversion to passive operation modes.This control method can suitably be saved power consumption, and keeps operating distance.Yet in real work, except EEPROM read-write or high-precision sensor operation, the power consumption of other command operations is lower, therefore, now adopting active mode of operation is the significant wastage to power supply.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of automatic switchover electric power system for half active RFID sensing label.The present invention, by using control command to carry out intelligence switching power supply mode, has improved half active RFID sensing label work efficiency, reduces power consumption, economizes on resources, and meets environmental requirement.In addition, the invention provides multiple circuit interface, facilitate multiple sensors to connect, control different sensors by different orders, realize the real-time detection of much information.
In order to solve problems of the prior art, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of automatic switchover electric power system for half active RFID sensing label, comprise the label model that is connected with antenna and sensor, described label model comprises: collect for the radiofrequency signal by described label model, storage, modulation, the radio frequency analog unit of demodulation, for the baseband signal of described radio frequency analog unit is decoded, verification, the digital control unit of processing, for the command signal according to described digital control unit, select the power switching unit of powering mode, for guaranteeing the power supply of described power switching cell operation, for the storer of reading and writing according to the command signal of described digital control unit.
Described digital control unit comprises: the decoder module that reverts to the original directive signal for the baseband signal that the radio frequency analog unit is sent, the parsing module that the original directive signal that is used for that described decoder module is sent carries out the most-significant byte parsing, for the original directive signal parallel signal that described digital control unit is existed, convert the register module of serial signal to, for the serial signal that described register module is sent, have and select the correction verification module that carries out verification, be used for the command processing module that the order that check results is correct is processed, random number module for generation of 16 random numbers, for to described storer, carrying out the read control module of read-write operation and writing control module, the coding module that signal encodes for described digital control unit is given an order to described radio frequency analog unit, described digital control unit also comprises the general-purpose interface of controlling described sensor and receiving described sensor return signal.
If described command processing module receives that the result that described correction verification module produces is wrong, described command processing module is no longer processed order; If described command processing module receives that the result that described correction verification module produces is correct, described command processing module is carried out command process.
Described command processing module has different processing for different orders:
When 1) described label model receives correct Select order or NAK order, only need carry out the state conversion, without return message, described label model is operated in passive mode;
2) described label model receives correct Query, QueryRep, QueryAdjust and Req_RN order, described label only need to return to 16 random numbers or 16 random numbers and CRC-16 check code, now 16 random numbers are by described register module parallel-serial conversion, through described correction verification module, calculate, then through described coding module coding, export to described modulation module, the signal after ovennodulation sends through described antenna, and described label model still is operated in passive mode;
When 3) described label model receives correct mandatory order and optional command, start described read control module and the described control module of writing, described storer is carried out to read-write operation, the parallel signal that described command processing module is produced is by described register module parallel-serial conversion, after serial signal after conversion is placed on to the signal that described storer returns, through described correction verification module, calculate together, then through described coding module coding, export to described modulation module, signal after ovennodulation sends by described antenna, described label model is operated in active mode.
When described label model received the order of the described sensor of user-defined access, if the return signal that the precision of described sensor is greater than 80um or needs to store described sensor, described label model was operated in active mode; If sensor accuracy is less than 50um and without the return signal of storing described sensor, described label model is operated in passive mode.
Described command processing module transmits control signal to described power switching mode circuit, when control signal is 1, and described power switching unit starting active mode, now powered battery; When control signal is 0, described power switching unit starting passive mode.
Beneficial effect
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) according to operational order, switch neatly powering mode, in the situation that do not affect operating distance, can effectively reduce power consumption, improve battery.
2) be provided with general-purpose interface, can embed polytype sensor, convenient flexibly.Therefore half active RFID tag technology can be applied to the fields such as commercial production, business logistics, traffic administration.
3) digital control unit adopts the technology such as gated clock, multiple module control combination, common source, multi-clock zone, can effectively reduce chip area, reduces power consumption.At Cyclic Redundancy Check, calculate and coding module employing three class pipeline structure, reduced the stand-by period, improved processing speed.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is system architecture diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is radio frequency analog cellular construction block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is digital control unit structured flowchart of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is power switching element circuit figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present invention are described in detail:
As shown in Figure 1, the invention provides a kind of automatic switchover electric power system for half active RFID sensing label, comprise the label model 2 that is connected with antenna 1 and sensor 3, this system comprises: for the radiofrequency signal by described label model 2 collect, store, the radio frequency analog unit 21 of modulation, demodulation; For the baseband signal of described radio frequency analog unit 21 is decoded, the digital control unit 22 of verification, processing; For the command signal according to described digital control unit 22, select the power switching unit 23 of powering mode; For guaranteeing the power supply 24 of described power switching cell operation; For according to the command signal of described digital control unit 22, carrying out the storer 26 of read-write operation; Described digital control unit also comprises the general-purpose interface of controlling described sensor and receiving described sensor signal.Rfid system is comprised of reader 4, electronic tag and main frame three parts usually.The principle of work of rfid system is that operating personnel can carry out some operation to reader 4 by main frame, reader 4 sends the electromagnetic wave energy that is loaded with command information through antenna, label is by antenna reception information, and according to the protocol requirement return data, last reader 4 receptions are from the information of label.According to the signal transmission in Fig. 1, understand: the main realization in radio frequency analog unit 21 reaches modulating and demodulating signal electromagnetic collection, storage, and under particular command, gives circuit other part power supplies.The baseband signal that digital control unit 22 mainly sends over radio frequency analogue unit 21 is processed, and control sensor according to specific instructions, the switching powering mode, read/write storer 26, the result produced after finally processing is issued the radio frequency analog unit in the mode of coding, in electromagnetic mode, returns to reader 4 after modulation.Between mimic channel feeder ear and battery, by digital controlled signal, realize the switching of power supply mode.At the digital control unit port, reserve the interface of controlling sensor and receiving data.
As shown in Figure 2, described radio frequency analog unit 21 comprises: the rectification module 211 that changes into direct current signal for the radiofrequency signal that will receive, for the direct current signal that described rectification module 211 is produced, carry out stable Voltage stabilizing module 212, for the radiofrequency signal that will receive, carry out demodulation and input to the demodulation module 213 of described digital control unit, the modulation module 214 of modulating for the command signal that described digital control unit 22 is sent; When described label model 2 receives radiofrequency signal, the signal that described radio frequency analog unit 21 will be received is inputted burning voltages by rectification circuit 211, mu balanced circuit 212 to described digital control unit 22 respectively, and the signal that described radio frequency analog unit 21 will be received is inputted baseband signal by demodulator circuit 213 to described digital control unit.Reader 4 is referred to as downlink or forward link to the transmission between described label model (R=> T); Described label model is referred to as up-link or reverse link to the transmission between reader 4 (T=> R).Described antenna 1 receives the radiofrequency signal that reader 4 sends, and described rectification module 211 is converted to direct current signal by radiofrequency signal, and Voltage stabilizing module 212 is stabilized in the required operating voltage V in rear class unit by direct current signal
DD.Demodulation module 213 utilizes the envelope detection principle to carry out the amplitude shift keying demodulation to the radiofrequency signal received, and therefore can carry out detection to double-side band amplitude shift keying, single-side belt amplitude shift keying or reverse phase amplitude shift keying signal.Envelope is carried out to the R=that shaping can be identified to produce digital circuit > the T baseband signal.Modulation module 214 utilizes the backscattering principle to carry out amplitude shift key modulation to radiofrequency signal, and self does not produce carrier wave described label model, and the continuous carrier that will receive reflects, simultaneously according to T=> the R baseband signal is to its amplitude modulation(PAM).Oscillator 215 and electrify restoration circuit 216, clocking and reset signal respectively.Biasing circuit 217 is described demodulator circuit, described oscillator, described reset circuit generation biasing (bias).
As shown in Figure 3, described digital control unit 22 comprises: the decoder module 221 that reverts to the original directive signal for the baseband signal that radio frequency analog unit 21 is sent, the parsing module 225 that the original directive signal that is used for that described decoder module 221 is sent carries out the most-significant byte parsing, for the original directive signal parallel signal that described digital control unit 22 is existed, convert the register module 228 of serial signal to, for the serial signal that described register module 228 is sent, have and select the correction verification module (226 that carries out verification, 229), described correction verification module (226) is the CRC-5 correction verification module, described correction verification module (229) is CRC-16 verification and computing module.Be used for the command processing module 232 that the order that check results is correct is processed, random number module 227 for generation of 16 random numbers, for to described storer, carrying out the read control module 231 of read-write operation and writing control module 230, the coding module 233 of encoding for signal that described digital control unit 22 is given an order to described radio frequency analog unit 21.Digital control unit 22 is divided into two parts according to working clock frequency, and one of them is the 1.92MHz part, processes asynchronous reset module 222 and receives the asynchronous reset signal rst that AFE (analog front end) sends, by its synchronization output.Divide ratio generation module 235 and reverse clock module 223 produce the needed clock of reverse link, and this clock is mainly used in read control module 231, register module 228, correction verification module (CRC-16) 229, coding module etc.In order to reduce power consumption, designed the low frequency processing section, the 240K clock that other modules adopt this clock to be produced by clock frequency division module 224, this clock is also for register module 228 and correction verification module 229.Power management module 237 is for the clock of switching modules, to reach the purpose of low-power consumption.When digital control module detects baseband signal, arrive, by opening the clock of decoder module 221, start decoder module, complete the conversion of baseband signal to raw information.Command analysis module 225 receives the most-significant byte of raw information, order is resolved, and mean result in the mode of only heat code, to reduce power consumption; While raw information is issued command process control module 232 and is processed after register module 228 parallel-serial conversions.Command process control module 232 is according to 5 cyclic redundancy check (CRC) of verification type selecting (CRC-5) module verification or the verification of 16 cyclic redundancy check (CRC) (CRC-16) module of order request.Through (CRC-5) module 226 or (CRC-16) result after correction verification module 229 verifications return to command process control module 232, if check results is correct, to ordering further processing; If the order mistake, directly abandon, do not process.
According to the agreement regulation, when described label model 2 receives correct NAK, Select order, only need carry out the state conversion, without return message, described label model now is operated in passive mode; Described label model receives correct QueryRep, Query, QueryAdjust, Req_RN order, described label model only need to return to 16 random numbers or 16 random numbers and CRC-16 check code, and without to storage operation, so now label still is operated in passive mode.While when described label model, receiving the optional command such as the mandatory order such as Read, Write, Kill, Lock, Access and BlockWrite, BlockErase, owing to will described storer being carried out to read-write operation, consider power problems, now automatically switch to active mode, i.e. powered battery.When described label received the order of the described sensor of user-defined access, if described sensor accuracy is low, namely sensor accuracy was less than 50UM and can be operated in passive mode without the storage data; If described sensor accuracy is higher, namely sensor accuracy is greater than 80UM or needs storage information, automatically switches to active mode of operation.
Random number module 227 is mainly used to produce 16 random numbers, this random number can be as described label model 2 to reader 4(T=> R) part of order sends to reader 4, and as receiving reader 4 to described label model 2(R next time=T) foundation of commands match.Described parsing module 225 in forward link by decoded (R >=T) parallel-serial conversion is carried out in order, (T=> R) command component in reverse link, command processing module produced is carried out parallel-serial conversion.Described correction verification module (CRC-16) 229 in forward link to (R >=T) verification is carried out in order, in reverse link, (T=> R) order is carried out to calculation code.Write main generation of control module 230 and read control module 231 and meet the read-write that storer 26 requires.Coding module is mainly realized (T=> R) order is encoded.The sensor control module mainly realizes producing according to specific instructions the control signal that is applicable to multiple sensors, and receives the return message of multiple sensors.In reverse link, parsing module, correction verification module (CRC-16), memory module adopt the three class pipeline structure, have saved resource, have improved speed, have reduced power consumption.
As shown in Figure 4, in figure, Enable is control signal, from digital control part, is connected on the grid of two PMOS, if Enable=1, P1 opens, and P2 closes, and now the RFID label model is operated in battery powered mode, i.e. active work; If Enable=0, P2 opens, and P1 closes, and now the RFID sensing label is operated in passive mode.
Principle of work of the present invention: the radiofrequency signal that label model sends by antenna reception reader 4, rectification module is converted to direct current signal by radiofrequency signal, and Voltage stabilizing module is stabilized in the required operating voltage V of late-class circuit by direct current signal
DD.Demodulation module utilizes the envelope detection principle to carry out the amplitude shift keying demodulation to the radiofrequency signal received, and envelope is carried out to the R=that shaping can be identified to produce digital circuit > the T baseband signal.Decoder module, to this baseband signal decoding, obtains original directive.The command analysis module is resolved the order most-significant byte.Simultaneously original directive is through the register module parallel-serial conversion, through correction verification module (CRC-5 module or CRC-16 module) verification, if result correctly transfer to command processing module and process, is directly lost if result is incorrect.Command processing module has different processing for different orders: if when 1. label receives correct NAK, Select order, only need carry out the state conversion, without return message, label now is operated in passive mode, 2. if label receives correct QueryRep, Query, QueryAdjust, Req_RN order, label only need to return to 16 random numbers or 16 random numbers and CRC-16 check code, now 16 random numbers are by public register module parallel-serial conversion, through the CRC-16 module, calculate, then pass through coding module) coding, export to modulation circuit, by antenna, send to reader 4 after ovennodulation, so now label still is operated in passive mode, 3. if label receives correct Read, Write, Kill, Lock, mandatory order and the BlockWrite such as Access, during the optional commands such as BlockErase, start read control module and write control, storer is carried out to read-write operation, the parallel information that command processing module is produced passes through the register module parallel-serial conversion, after serial information after conversion is placed on to the signal that storer returns, passing through together correction verification module (CRC-16) calculates, then through the coding module coding, export to modulation module, signal sends to reader 4 by antenna after ovennodulation, owing to wanting storer to carry out read-write operation, consider power problems, now automatically switch to the powered battery mode.Described command processing module transmits control signal to described power switching unit, when control signal is 1, and described power switching unit starting active mode, now powered battery; When control signal is 0, described power switching unit starting passive mode.
Claims (6)
1. automatic switchover electric power system for half active RFID sensing label, comprise the label model that is connected with antenna and sensor, it is characterized in that, described label model comprises: collect for the radiofrequency signal by described module, storage, modulation, the radio frequency analog unit of demodulation, for the baseband signal of described radio frequency analog unit is decoded, verification, the digital control unit of processing, for the command signal according to described digital control unit, select the power switching unit of powering mode, for guaranteeing the power supply of described power switching cell operation, for the storer of reading and writing according to the command signal of described digital control unit.
2. according to claim 1 for the automatic switchover electric power system of half active RFID sensing label, it is characterized in that, described digital control unit comprises: the decoder module that reverts to the original directive signal for the baseband signal that the radio frequency analog unit is sent, the parsing module that the original directive signal that is used for that described decoder module is sent carries out the most-significant byte parsing, for the original directive signal parallel signal that described digital control unit is existed, convert the register module of serial signal to, for the serial signal that described register module is sent, have and select the correction verification module that carries out verification, be used for the command processing module that the order that check results is correct is processed, random number module for generation of 16 random numbers, for to described storer, carrying out the read control module of read-write operation and writing control module, the coding module that signal encodes for described digital control unit is given an order to described radio frequency analog unit, described digital control unit also comprises the general-purpose interface of controlling described sensor and receiving described sensor return signal.
3. according to claim 2 for the automatic switchover electric power system of half active RFID sensing label, it is characterized in that, if described command processing module receives that the result that described correction verification module produces is wrong, described command processing module is no longer processed order; If described command processing module receives that the result that described correction verification module produces is correct, described command processing module is carried out command process.
4. according to claim 3 for the automatic switchover electric power system of half active RFID sensing label, it is characterized in that, described command processing module has different processing for different orders:
When 1) described label model receives correct Select order or NAK order, only need carry out the state conversion, without return message, described label model is operated in passive mode;
2) described label model receives correct Query, QueryRep, QueryAdjust and Req_RN order, described label only need to return to 16 random numbers or 16 random numbers and CRC-16 check code, now 16 random numbers are by described register module parallel-serial conversion, through described correction verification module, calculate, then through described coding module coding, export to described modulation module, the signal after ovennodulation sends through described antenna, and described label model still is operated in passive mode;
When 3) described label model receives correct mandatory order and optional command, start described read control module and the described control module of writing, described storer is carried out to read-write operation, the parallel signal that described command processing module is produced is by described register module parallel-serial conversion, after serial signal after conversion is placed on to the signal that described storer returns, through described correction verification module, calculate together, then through described coding module coding, export to described modulation module, signal after ovennodulation sends by described antenna, described label model is operated in active mode.
5. according to claim 4 for the automatic switchover electric power system of half active RFID sensing label, it is characterized in that, when described label model receives the order of the described sensor of user-defined access, if the precision of described sensor is greater than 80uw or needs the return signal of the described sensor of storage, described label model is operated in active mode; If sensor accuracy is less than 50um and without the return signal of storing described sensor, described label model is operated in passive mode.
6. according to the described automatic switchover electric power system for low-power consumption half active RFID tag of claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that, described command processing module transmits control signal to described power switching mode circuit, when control signal is 1, described power switching unit starting active mode, now powered battery; When control signal is 0, described power switching unit starting passive mode.
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Application publication date: 20131127 |