CN103408890B - Preparation method of Cu/carbon graphite mechanical sealing composite material - Google Patents
Preparation method of Cu/carbon graphite mechanical sealing composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103408890B CN103408890B CN201310304208.8A CN201310304208A CN103408890B CN 103408890 B CN103408890 B CN 103408890B CN 201310304208 A CN201310304208 A CN 201310304208A CN 103408890 B CN103408890 B CN 103408890B
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Abstract
The invention relates to Cu/carbon graphite composite materials, in particular to a preparation method of a mechanical sealing material. The method includes: firstly placing graphite, high carbon, copper powder and phenolic resin in certain proportion into a rubber plastic internal mixer in order to undergo hot kneading by a mechanical kneading technique, then crushing and sieving the kneaded material, taking a proper amount of the kneaded powder and conducting compression moulding under a press machine, and finally putting the moulded material into an chamber electric furnace to perform heating curing, thus obtaining the Cu/carbon graphite mechanical sealing composite material. The method provided in the invention has a simple process, and the prepared mechanical sealing material has large density, high hardness and small friction coefficient, and meets the industrial use requirements of mechanical sealing material.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of compound material, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of Cu/ carbon graphite mechanical seal composite material.
Background technology
Along with the development of modern industry, the operating condition of rotating machinery is more and more harsher, and therefore the requirement of mechanical seal to material is also more and more higher.In order to meet the requirement of sealing property, sealing material must possess excellent self-lubricating property, good corrosion resistance nature, low and stable frictional coefficient, high thermal conductivity, low-expansion coefficient, height than performances such as strong and large thermal capacitances.And carbon/graphite material just has the heat physical properties of these excellences, therefore carbon/graphite material occupies critical role in modern sealing material, be mainly used in static seal and the dynamic seal of the parts such as pipeline, valve and the casing in motor car engine, the cooling system of oil engine, hydraulic efficiency system and pneumatic system, and the sealing of structure and heat-protection system parts.
Current China produce that carbon/there is intensity in graphite material is low, poor air-tightness, the shortcomings such as wear rate is high, but high-performance mechanical carbon/graphite composite material abroad maintains the leading position, and also offshore company forbids the production technology transferring the possession of high-performance mechanical carbon/graphite material to China.Therefore us are needed to be improved by raw-material performance, formulating of recipe is improved, the multinomial measure such as complete processing and producing apparatus improves the functional quality of carbon/graphite material, thus reaches high strength, high-density, void content is low, anti-oxidant, frictional coefficient is low, wear-resistant, smooth exquisiteness, the performance characteristics such as easy processing and manufacturing.
Carbon/graphite material is roughly divided into the carbon/graphite material of roasting, graphited carbon/graphite material, the carbon/graphite material of resin pickup and leaching metal, resin bonded carbon/graphite material, fluorinated graphite material and siliconize graphite material etc.For preparing high performance composite carbon graphite material, patent of invention " production method of composite carbon graphite material " (patent No.: 200910026483.1) propose a kind of carbon dust and staple fibre to be flooded through hot kneading, compression moulding, high-temperature roasting, coal-tar pitch, method that secondary high-temperature roasting, resin impregnation, Vehicle Processing, secondary resin are flooded, thus prepared heat-shock resistance, shock-resistance, carbon graphite material that wear resisting property is high, can be used in space flight and aviation and war industry.Patent of invention " a kind of preparation method of the metal impregnation carbon/graphite material " (patent No.: the 200910075451.0) problem such as, poor air-tightness low for carbon graphite material intensity, refinery coke, Graphite Powder 99 is proposed to heat mixing by a certain percentage, then binder pitch is added, through repeatedly rolling sheet, the obtained a kind of carbon/graphite material soaking metal of sintering under final high temperature, this mechanical strength is high, aperture is little and be evenly distributed.Document " preparation technology is on the impact of charcoal/graphite sealing material performance and the structure " (people such as Liu Zhanjun, charcoal element technology, 29 volume 4 phases in 2010,1-4 page) in mention by after vacuum high-pressure impregnating metal Cu in carbon matrix, volume density, the Shore hardness of material increase considerably.
Not only there is due to copper-graphite composite material the copper of the features such as good intensity, hardness, electrical and thermal conductivity performance, also there is good self lubricity, anti-yaw damper, the graphite of resistance to chemical corrosion, thus make copper-graphite composite material play significant role in friction, sealing material and Parts Materials field.The many employings of current composite carbon graphite material are obtained after graphite sinter by vacuum impregnation, but owing to considering economic benefit, the industrial production cost of roasting and impregnation technology is higher.Though the preparation method of aforementioned patent and document medium-carbon graphite matrix material can reach the service requirements of sealing material, but there is complex manufacturing, cost is high.The present invention proposes the preparation method of Cu/ carbon graphite mechanical seal composite material of a kind of short route, low cost.
Summary of the invention
The shortcomings such as low in order to overcome carbon graphite machinery sealing material hardness, wear resisting property is poor, and wear rate is high, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of Cu/ carbon graphite mechanical seal composite material, its concrete steps are as follows:
(1) 20 ~ 30 parts of graphite, 10 ~ 20 parts of high-carbon, 10 ~ 30 parts of copper powders and 30 parts of resol are taken according to ratio of quality and the number of copies;
(2) raw material taken is put into rubber and plastic Banbury mixer to mix, 70 DEG C of mechanical kneadings 1 hour, 90 DEG C of kneadings 2 hours again;
(3) kneading material is pulverized, cross 200 mesh sieves;
(4) take appropriate kneading powder and put into mould, apply 5 ~ 15MPa pressure and carry out coldmoulding, pressurize 1min;
(5) finally matrix material is put into cabinet-type electric furnace, solidify according to certain thermograde.
The program that is heating and curing of material is as follows: the first stage: within 0.5 hour, from room temperature ~ 140 DEG C, be incubated 1 hour when 140 DEG C; Subordinate phase: 5min, from 140 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C, is incubated 1 hour when 150 DEG C; Phase III: 5min, from 150 DEG C ~ 160 DEG C, is incubated 1 hour when 160 DEG C; Fourth stage: 5min, from 160 DEG C ~ 170 DEG C, is incubated 1 hour when 170 DEG C; Five-stage: 5min, from 170 DEG C ~ 180 DEG C, is incubated 1 hour when 180 DEG C; 6th stage: 5min, from 180 DEG C ~ 190 DEG C, is incubated 1 hour when 190 DEG C; 7th stage: 5min, from 190 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, is incubated 1 hour when 200 DEG C; Finally cool to room temperature with the furnace.
Principle of the present invention: with graphite, high-carbon for matrix, add a certain amount of copper powder, resol is binding agent, by mechanical stirring Homogeneous phase mixing, then repressed shaping, is finally heating and curing shaping.In this process, resol is heated and solidifies gradually, the build resin with high ortho position is become from line style and branched chain type, thus graphite, high-carbon, to be connected with each other by resol between copper powder particle and particle, form fine and close network structure, finally obtain the Cu/ carbon graphite composite machine sealing material of high-density high-strength.
Embodiment
Embodiment one:
Take 30 parts of graphite according to massfraction ratio, rubber and plastic Banbury mixer put into by 20 parts of high-carbon, 10 parts of copper powders and 30 parts of resol, 70 DEG C of mechanical kneadings 1 hour, then 90 DEG C of kneadings 2 hours again; Kneading material is pulverized, crosses 200 mesh sieves; Take 1.5g kneading powder and put into mould, apply the pressure coldmoulding of 15MPa, pressurize 1min; Finally matrix material is put into cabinet-type electric furnace, solidify according to following thermograde.
First stage: from room temperature ~ 140 DEG C, be incubated 1 hour when 140 DEG C in 0.5 hour; Subordinate phase: 5min, from 140 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C, is incubated 1 hour when 150 DEG C; Phase III: 5min, from 150 DEG C ~ 160 DEG C, is incubated 1 hour when 160 DEG C; Fourth stage: 5min, from 160 DEG C ~ 170 DEG C, is incubated 1 hour when 170 DEG C; Five-stage: 5min, from 170 DEG C ~ 180 DEG C, is incubated 1 hour when 180 DEG C; 6th stage: 5min, from 180 DEG C ~ 190 DEG C, is incubated 1 hour when 190 DEG C; 7th stage: 5min, from 190 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, is incubated 1 hour when 200 DEG C; Finally cool to room temperature with the furnace.
The density of the machinery sealing material that the present embodiment obtains is 1.71g/cm
3, Shore hardness is 64.7HS, and frictional coefficient is 0.22.
Embodiment two
Take 25 parts of graphite according to massfraction ratio, rubber and plastic Banbury mixer put into by 20 parts of high-carbon, 15 parts of copper powders and 30 parts of resol, 70 DEG C of mechanical kneadings 1 hour, 90 DEG C of kneadings 2 hours again; Kneading material is pulverized, crosses 200 mesh sieves; Take appropriate kneading powder and put into mould, apply the pressure coldmoulding of 15MPa, pressurize 1min; Finally matrix material is put into cabinet-type electric furnace, solidify according to the thermograde of embodiment one.
The density of the machinery sealing material that the present embodiment obtains is 1.73g/cm
3, Shore hardness is 72.4HS, and frictional coefficient is 0.22.
Embodiment three
Take 20 parts of graphite according to massfraction ratio, rubber and plastic Banbury mixer put into by 15 parts of high-carbon, 25 parts of copper powders and 30 parts of resol, 70 DEG C of mechanical kneadings 1 hour, 90 DEG C of kneadings 2 hours again; Batch mixing is pulverized, crosses 200 mesh sieves; Take appropriate kneading powder and put into mould, apply the pressure coldmoulding of 15MPa, pressurize 1min; Finally matrix material is put into cabinet-type electric furnace, solidify according to the thermograde of embodiment one.
The density of the machinery sealing material that the present embodiment obtains is 1.92g/cm
3, Shore hardness is 90.0HS, and frictional coefficient is 0.17.
Embodiment four
Take 20 parts of graphite according to massfraction ratio, rubber and plastic Banbury mixer put into by 10 parts of high-carbon, 30 parts of copper powders and 30 parts of resol, 70 DEG C of mechanical kneadings 1 hour, 90 DEG C of kneadings 2 hours again; Batch mixing is pulverized, crosses 200 mesh sieves; Take appropriate kneading powder and put into mould, apply the pressure coldmoulding of 15MPa, pressurize 1min; Finally matrix material is put into cabinet-type electric furnace, solidify according to the thermograde of embodiment one.
The density of the machinery sealing material that the present embodiment obtains is 2.03g/cm
3, Shore hardness is 90.1HS, and frictional coefficient is 0.19.
Embodiment five
Take 30 parts of graphite according to massfraction ratio, rubber and plastic Banbury mixer put into by 20 parts of high-carbon, 10 parts of copper powders and 30 parts of resol, 70 DEG C of mechanical kneadings 1 hour, 90 DEG C of kneadings 2 hours again; Batch mixing is pinched pulverizing, crosses 200 mesh sieves; Take appropriate kneading powder and put into mould, apply the pressure coldmoulding of 10MPa, pressurize 1min; Finally matrix material is put into cabinet-type electric furnace, solidify according to the thermograde of embodiment one.
The density of the machinery sealing material that the present embodiment obtains is 1.65g/cm
3left and right, Shore hardness is about 62.2HS, and frictional coefficient is 0.21.
Embodiment six
Take 20 parts of graphite according to massfraction ratio, rubber and plastic Banbury mixer put into by 15 parts of high-carbon, 25 parts of copper powders and 30 parts of resol, 70 DEG C of mechanical kneadings 1 hour, 90 DEG C of kneadings 2 hours again; Kneading material is pulverized, crosses 200 mesh sieves; Take appropriate kneading powder and put into mould, apply the pressure coldmoulding of 10MPa, pressurize 1min; Finally matrix material is put into cabinet-type electric furnace, solidify according to the thermograde of embodiment one.
The density of the machinery sealing material that the present embodiment obtains is 1.91g/cm
3, Shore hardness is 86.8HS, and frictional coefficient is 0.18.
Embodiment seven
Take 20 parts of graphite according to massfraction ratio, rubber and plastic Banbury mixer put into by 10 parts of high-carbon, 30 parts of copper powders and 30 parts of resol, 70 DEG C of mechanical kneadings 1 hour, 90 DEG C of kneadings 2 hours again; Kneading material is pulverized, crosses 200 mesh sieves; Take appropriate kneading powder and put into mould, apply the pressure coldmoulding of 10MPa, pressurize 1min; Finally matrix material is put into cabinet-type electric furnace, solidify according to the thermograde of embodiment one.
The density of the machinery sealing material that the present embodiment obtains is 1.99g/cm
3, Shore hardness is 87.7HS, and frictional coefficient is 0.20.
Embodiment eight
Take 30 parts of graphite according to massfraction ratio, rubber and plastic Banbury mixer put into by 20 parts of high-carbon, 10 parts of copper powders and 30 parts of resol, 70 DEG C of mechanical kneadings 1 hour, 90 DEG C of kneadings 2 hours again; Kneading material is pulverized, crosses 200 mesh sieves; Take appropriate kneading powder and put into mould, apply the pressure coldmoulding of 5MPa, pressurize 1min; Finally matrix material is put into cabinet-type electric furnace, solidify according to the thermograde of embodiment one.
The density of the machinery sealing material that the present embodiment obtains is 1.64g/cm
3left and right, Shore hardness is about 54.2HS, and frictional coefficient is 0.22.
Embodiment nine
Take 20 parts of graphite according to massfraction ratio, rubber and plastic Banbury mixer put into by 15 parts of high-carbon, 25 parts of copper powders and 30 parts of resol, 70 DEG C of mechanical kneadings 1 hour, 90 DEG C of kneadings 2 hours again; Kneading material is pulverized, crosses 200 mesh sieves; Take appropriate kneading powder and put into mould, apply the pressure coldmoulding of 5MPa, pressurize 1min; Finally matrix material is put into cabinet-type electric furnace, solidify according to the thermograde of embodiment one.
The density of the machinery sealing material that the present embodiment obtains is 1.84g/cm
3, Shore hardness is 82.8HS, frictional coefficient 0.19.
Embodiment ten
Take 20 parts of graphite according to massfraction ratio, rubber and plastic Banbury mixer put into by 10 parts of high-carbon, 30 parts of copper powders and 30 parts of resol, 70 DEG C of mechanical kneadings 1 hour, 90 DEG C of kneadings 2 hours again; Batch mixing is pulverized, crosses 200 mesh sieves; Take appropriate kneading powder and put into mould, apply the pressure coldmoulding of 5MPa, pressurize 1min; Finally matrix material is put into cabinet-type electric furnace, solidify according to the thermograde of embodiment one.
The density of the machinery sealing material that the present embodiment obtains is 1.96g/cm
3, Shore hardness is 83.4HS, and frictional coefficient is 0.20.
The density of embodiment 1 ~ 10 Cu/ carbon graphite mechanical seal composite material under different technology conditions, Shore hardness and PVvalue testing the results are shown in Table 1.
Show the density of 1Cu/ carbon graphite mechanical seal composite material, Shore hardness and frictional coefficient
As can be seen from Table 1, in carbon graphite matrix, add copper powder, under certain compression moulding pressure, along with the increase of copper powder addition, density, hardness increase gradually and tend towards stability; Copper powder addition is 25%, and when pressing pressure is 15MPa, the frictional coefficient of material is minimum is 0.17.Under the inventive method, the density of Cu/ carbon graphite mechanical seal composite material can reach 1.64g/cm
3above, hardness reaches more than 60.2HS, and frictional coefficient is 0.17 ~ 0.22, meets the industrial application requirement of machinery sealing material.
Claims (4)
1. a preparation method for Cu/ carbon graphite mechanical seal composite material, the steps include:
(1) graphite, high-carbon graphite, copper powder and resol are put into rubber and plastic Banbury mixer according to the ratio of mass fraction 20 ~ 30 parts of graphite, 10 ~ 20 parts of high-carbon graphites, 10 ~ 30 parts of copper powders and 30 parts of resol, heating kneading;
(2) kneading material is broken, cross 200 mesh sieves;
(3) taking appropriate kneading powder loads in mould;
(4) under pressure that powder pressing is shaping;
(5) finally matrix material is put into cabinet-type electric furnace, be heating and curing according to certain heating schedule.
2. the preparation method of a kind of Cu/ carbon graphite mechanical seal composite material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: 70 DEG C of mechanical kneadings 1 hour, 90 DEG C of kneadings 2 hours again.
3. the preparation method of a kind of Cu/ carbon graphite mechanical seal composite material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: during compression moulding, pressure is 5 ~ 15MPa, pressurize 1min.
4. the preparation method of a kind of Cu/ carbon graphite mechanical seal composite material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the program that is heating and curing of material is as follows: the first stage: within 0.5 hour, from room temperature ~ 140 DEG C, be incubated 1 hour when 140 DEG C; Subordinate phase: 5min, from 140 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C, is incubated 1 hour when 150 DEG C; Phase III: 5min, from 150 DEG C ~ 160 DEG C, is incubated 1 hour when 160 DEG C; Fourth stage: 5min, from 160 DEG C ~ 170 DEG C, is incubated 1 hour when 170 DEG C; Five-stage: 5min, from 170 DEG C ~ 180 DEG C, is incubated 1 hour when 180 DEG C; 6th stage: 5min, from 180 DEG C ~ 190 DEG C, is incubated 1 hour when 190 DEG C; 7th stage: 5min, from 190 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, is incubated 1 hour when 200 DEG C; Finally cool to room temperature with the furnace.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1076468A (en) * | 1992-03-14 | 1993-09-22 | 隋作训 | Graphite-metal base composite sealing material and manufacture craft |
| CN101544497A (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2009-09-30 | 无锡市前洲电碳厂 | Production method for composite carbon graphite material |
| CN101659550A (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2010-03-03 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | Method for preparing metal impregnation carbon/graphite material |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1076468A (en) * | 1992-03-14 | 1993-09-22 | 隋作训 | Graphite-metal base composite sealing material and manufacture craft |
| CN101544497A (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2009-09-30 | 无锡市前洲电碳厂 | Production method for composite carbon graphite material |
| CN101659550A (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2010-03-03 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | Method for preparing metal impregnation carbon/graphite material |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 浅谈炭石墨密封材料在机械密封中的应用与发展;罗伟;《炭素》;20051231;第35-38页 * |
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