CN103407449A - Hydraulic auxiliary driving and braking system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Hydraulic auxiliary driving and braking system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103407449A CN103407449A CN2013103729254A CN201310372925A CN103407449A CN 103407449 A CN103407449 A CN 103407449A CN 2013103729254 A CN2013103729254 A CN 2013103729254A CN 201310372925 A CN201310372925 A CN 201310372925A CN 103407449 A CN103407449 A CN 103407449A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hydraulic auxiliary driving and braking system and a control method thereof. The hydraulic auxiliary driving and braking system and the control method solve the problems that the existing commercial cargo carrying vehicles are poor in trafficability on broken road surfaces and unstable in braking when the time of service braking is long. The hydraulic auxiliary driving and braking system comprises an engine, a clutch, a gearbox, a rear drive axle, two front wheels, an accelerator pedal, a brake pedal, a frame, a power takeoff, an axial oblique plate type high pressure variable pump, a three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, an electro-hydraulic proportional relief valve, a heat exchanger, a relief valve group, two hydraulic quantitative motors which have the same structure, an oil tank and an electronic control unit; the axial oblique plate type high pressure variable pump is in pipe connection with the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve which is in pipe connection with the relief valve group, the electro-hydraulic proportional relief valve and the oil tank; the two hydraulic quantitative motors which have the same structure are in pipe connection with the axial oblique plate type high pressure variable pump. Meanwhile, the invention provides a control method of the hydraulic auxiliary driving and braking system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of driving and brake equipment that belongs to automobile hydraulic application technology field, more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive and brake system and control method thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the fast development of 21 century automobile industry, the application of secondary adjusting hydrostatic drive technology in conventional truck obtains important breakthrough, and this technology causes domestic and international research institution and automaker's great attention gradually.Applied research on automobile mainly concentrates on colleges and universities to hydraulic technique at home, relevant hydraulic-driven technology application is many aspect the fluid dynamic coupling system of energy-conserving and environment-protective, comprise parallel connection, series-parallel connection liquid-driving mixed power system etc., the research of hydraulic pressure execution architecture aspect when the application of hydraulic braking technology also is confined to brake more.Abroad, U.S. Eaton company is applied to the hydraulic-driven technology on various types of vehicles such as car and urban bus; MIT and German M.A.N company by the hydraulic energy-accumulating system applies on urban bus, and in Europe and a plurality of cities, North America use.
Traditional commercial truck, large truck, the operating mode of tractor truck and engineering truck mostly is bad road surface of country or road surface, mine, the Chang Po road surface, these roads roughness are larger, adhesion value is generally less, the phenomenon that vehicle often there will be drive wheel to skid while travelling on this road surface, affect dynamic property and the crossing ability of car load, vehicle often runs into the long-time service brake situation of descending simultaneously, need to use continuously or frequently running brake, cause brake wheel and brake plate severe wear, make the easy get out of hand of brake system, not only reduced the service life of running brake, also have a strong impact on travel safety.
Although hydraulic hybrid coupled system part has been improved dynamic property and the braking ability of conventional truck, but it is energy-conservation that main function is, and changing of design is larger, the control algorithm complexity, cost is high, is not adapted at applying on the vehicles such as traditional load-carrying vehicle, heavy duty truck and tractor truck; The hydraulic resistance retarder that the mechanisms such as University Of Xiangtan propose can improve vehicle braking performances, but does not improve dynamic property and the crossing ability of vehicle when bad road traveling.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to overcome poor the reaching of commercial truck crossing ability on bad road surface when long-time service brake, to brake unsettled problem, propose a kind of a set of hydraulic pressure assistive drive and the brake system that can improve simultaneously trafficability and insensitivity of installing on the architecture basics of existing vehicle, the control method of a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive and brake system also is provided simultaneously.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical proposals to realize, by reference to the accompanying drawings:
The invention provides a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive and brake system, it comprises driving engine 1, power-transfer clutch 2, change speed gear box 4, rear driving axle 5, two trailing wheels 6, two front-wheels 7, acceleration pedal 18, brake pedal 19 and vehicle frames, the crank shaft output shaft 16 of driving engine 1 adopts spline pair to be connected with the input shaft of power-transfer clutch 2, the output shaft of power-transfer clutch 2 adopts spline pair to be connected with the input shaft of change speed gear box 4, and the output shaft of change speed gear box 4 adopts spline pair to be connected with the input shaft of rear driving axle 5; Also comprise power takeoff 3, axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9,3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10, electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, H Exch 12, hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15, oil tank 13 and electronic control unit 8 that 14,2 structures of safety valve group are identical, wherein, the input shaft of power takeoff 3 adopts spline pair to be connected with the output shaft 17 that driving engine 1 drives annex, and the output shaft of power takeoff 3 is connected by flange with the rotor shaft of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9; Axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is connected with 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10 pipelines, and 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10 is connected with safety valve group 14, electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, oil tank 13 pipelines respectively; The oil inlet pipeline of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 that the oil outlet of safety valve group 14 is identical with 2 structures connects, and the oil outlet of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 that 2 structures are identical is connected with the oil inlet pipeline of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9; The oil outlet of described electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11 is connected with the oil inlet pipeline of H Exch 12, and the oil outlet of H Exch 12 is connected with oil tank 13 pipelines; Electronic control unit 8 is connected with driving engine 1, axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9,3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10, electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, acceleration pedal 18 and brake pedal 19 respectively by signal wire (SW).
According to a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive provided by the present invention and brake system, the oil outlet of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is connected by the high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints with the P mouth of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10, the A mouth of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10 is connected by the high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints with the oil inlet of safety valve group 14, the B mouth of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10 is connected by the high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints with the oil inlet of electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, and the T mouth of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10 is connected by the seal for pipe joints of low pressure fluid with oil tank 13; By regulating the position of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10 spools, realize the different control position of P mouth and A mouth, B mouth, T mouth, actuating spindle is to the different hydraulic circuit of oil outlet connection of inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9.
According to a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive provided by the present invention and brake system, 2 identical hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motors 15 of structure are arranged on the wheel hub of two front-wheels 7 successively, and axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is fixed on vehicle frame, the oil inlet of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 that the oil outlet of safety valve group 14 is identical with 2 structures connects by the high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints, the oil outlet of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 that 2 structures are identical is connected by the high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints with the oil inlet of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, form a hydraulic circuit, the output rotor axle of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 that 2 structures are identical and the semiaxis of two front-wheels 7 adopt gear to be connected with a joggle, by the output rotor axle that drives hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15, rotate, the hydraulic energy transfer that axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is pumped is mechanical energy, drive front-wheel 7.
According to a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive provided by the present invention and brake system, the oil outlet of electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11 is connected by the seal for pipe joints of low pressure fluid with the oil inlet of H Exch 12, the oil outlet of H Exch 12 is connected by the seal for pipe joints of low pressure fluid with oil tank 13, electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, H Exch 12 and oil tank 13 serial settings.
According to a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive provided by the present invention and brake system, the rated pressure of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 that 2 structures are identical is 40MPa, and discharge capacity is 1043ml/r; Axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is discharge capacity 75ml/r, high pressure P 90 pumps of maximum speed of revolution 3600rpm; The Median Function of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10 is H shape, and four-hole is connected entirely, the pump off-load, and maneuverability pattern is that electromagnet is handled, spring reset, its spool position can left and right adjusting; Electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11 is the high-voltage ratio by pass valve of 0-40MPa for range of regulation; H Exch 12 employing operating temperatures are the water-cooled cooler of 40-60 ℃; Safety valve group 14 is comprised of two identical safety valves of structure model of pressure limiting 40MPa, and the installation site of two safety valves is opposite.
The present invention also provides the control method of a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive and brake system, electronic control unit 8 gathers vehicle speed signal, the tach signal of driving engine 1, the position signal of acceleration pedal 18 and brake pedal 19 and hydraulic efficiency pressure system switch key signal judge intention and the vehicle running state of chaufeur, thereby actuating spindle is to inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10 spool positions, electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11 and driving engine 1 accelerator open degree, realize the switch of hydraulic pressure assistive drive and brake system and the conversion between mode of operation, specifically comprise the following steps:
Step 1, gather vehicle speed signal, acceleration pedal 18 position signals, brake pedal 19 position signals and hydraulic efficiency pressure system on-off signal;
Step 2, judge whether the speed of a motor vehicle is greater than 0, if enter step 3; Otherwise, illustrate that vehicle, at the Parking state, enters step 10;
Step 6, chaufeur primer fluid pressing system enters the assistive drive mode of operation: the spool that electronic control unit 8 sends instruction adjusting 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10 moves to left position, P mouth and A mouth, T mouth and B mouth are connected, axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is connected with 2 hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motors 15 through safety valve group 14, the required power of hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 that calculates front-wheel according to tach signal and the vehicle speed signal of driving engine 1, electronic control unit 8 sends instruction to controllable capacity pump 9, regulate the inclination angle size of its swash plate so that the propulsive effort that hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 is suitable to be provided, return to step 2,
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor adopted in hydraulic booster system of the present invention is compared with the hydraulic variable flow Pump and Electromotor, and specific power is large, and volume is little simultaneously, quality is light, accounts for the car load space little, arranges that mounting structure is simple.For example the specific power of motor is about 1.6kw/kg, and the specific power of HM Hydraulic Motor can reach 3.6kw/kg.
2. hydraulic booster system of the present invention is compared with conventional truck, multi-state is adaptable, can significantly improve dynamic property, crossing ability and the hill climbing ability of vehicle, on the road surface between coefficient of road adhesion 0.34-0.57, improve the tractive force ratio and be about 10%-23%, climbable gradient raising ratio is about 13%-25%.
3. hydraulic booster system of the present invention is compared with conventional truck, can enlarge markedly braking torque when car brakeing, when long-time service brake, can significantly reduce the heating of brake disc simultaneously, the stability of brake efficiency when the raising vehicle is braked for a long time.
4. hydraulic booster system of the present invention is that addition portion divides the hydraulic pressure element to form on the architecture basics of existing vehicle, does not substantially change the structure of former vehicle, compares with the liquid-driving mixed power system, and complete vehicle structure changes less, and cost increases less.
5. the quiet liquid transmission adopted of hydraulic booster system of the present invention is compared the driven by power that high potential controls and is had more safety.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the structural principle schematic diagram of hydraulic pressure assistive drive of the present invention and brake system.
Fig. 2 is hydraulic pressure assistive drive of the present invention and brake system power transmission line figure under the independent drive pattern of driving engine.
Fig. 3 is hydraulic pressure assistive drive of the present invention and brake system power transmission line figure under hydraulic pressure assistive drive pattern.
Fig. 4 is hydraulic pressure assistive drive of the present invention and brake system power transmission line figure under the hydraulic retarding braking mode.
Fig. 5 is the control method diagram of circuit of hydraulic pressure assistive drive of the present invention and the switching of brake system mode of operation.
Fig. 6 is the diagram of curves that the vehicle tractive force of hydraulic pressure assistive drive of the present invention and brake system increases ratio.
Fig. 7 is the diagram of curves that the vehicle climbable gradient of hydraulic pressure assistive drive of the present invention and brake system increases ratio.
In figure: 1-driving engine, 2-power-transfer clutch, 3-power takeoff, 4-change speed gear box, 5-rear driving axle, 6-trailing wheel, 7-front-wheel, 8-electronic control unit, 9-axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump, 10-3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve, 11-electricity liquid ratio relief valve, 12-H Exch, 13-oil tank, 14-safety valve group, 15-hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor, 16-engine crankshaft output shaft, the output shaft of 17-engine drive annex, 18-acceleration pedal, 19-brake pedal.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is explained in detail:
The objective of the invention is to install a set of hydraulic efficiency pressure system on the architecture basics of existing commercial truck, with overcome its on bad road surface dynamic property, crossing ability is poor and the unsettled shortcoming of long-time service brake during lower long slope, improves the in-use performance of automobile.
With reference to figure 1, hydraulic pressure assistive drive provided by the invention and brake system comprise output shaft 17, acceleration pedal 18 and the brake pedal 19 of driving engine 1, power-transfer clutch 2, power takeoff 3, change speed gear box 4, rear driving axle 5, two trailing wheels 6, two front-wheels 7, vehicle frame, electronic control unit 8, axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9,3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10, electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, H Exch 12, oil tank 13, safety valve group 14, two hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motors 15 that structure is identical, engine crankshaft output shaft 16, engine drive annex.
Driving engine 1 in system of the present invention, power-transfer clutch 2, change speed gear box 4, rear driving axle 5, two trailing wheels 6, two front-wheels 7 and vehicle frame are propulsion source and the power-transmitting part of existing conventional truck, power takeoff 3, axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9,3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10, electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, H Exch 12, safety valve group 14, two the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motors 15 that structure is identical, oil tank 13 and electronic control units 8 are the parts that add on the drive mechanism basis that does not change existing conventional truck, and form new power transmission line.
Hydraulic pressure assistive drive provided by the invention and brake system are not changing addition portion subelement formation on existing conventional truck architecture basics.
In the conventional truck structure, the crank shaft output shaft 16 of driving engine 1 is connected with power-transfer clutch 2 input spline pairs, and the output shaft of power-transfer clutch 2 adopts spline pair to be connected with the input shaft of change speed gear box 4, and the output shaft of change speed gear box 4 adopts spline pair to be connected with the input shaft of rear driving axle 5; The input shaft of the output shaft of power-transfer clutch 2 and change speed gear box 4 is arranged on separately on housing and is in same level by antifriction-bearing box respectively, keeps rotation axis to be parallel to each other; The input shaft gear of change speed gear box 4 and output shaft gear are sleeved on its input shaft and output shaft to become to be fixedly connected with, and its input shaft gear and output shaft gear are connected with a joggle; The input shaft of the output shaft of change speed gear box 4 and rear driving axle 5 is arranged on separately on housing and is in same level by antifriction-bearing box respectively, and keeps rotation axis to be parallel to each other.Driving engine 1, as the propulsion source outputting power, passes to rear driving axle 5 through power-transfer clutch 2, change speed gear box 4, drives trailing wheel 6.
In new structure of adding, the input shaft of power takeoff 3 adopts spline pair to be connected with the output shaft 17 of engine drive annex, the input shaft driving gear of power takeoff 3 and the engaged transmission of output shaft driven gear, by the output shaft of the transmission of power of driving engine 1 to power takeoff 3, between the rotor shaft of the output shaft of power takeoff 3 and axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, adopt flange to be connected, thereby the rotation of driving engine 1 is synchronously rotated by the rotor shaft that power takeoff 3 drives axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, pump fluid.
The oil outlet of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is connected by the high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints with the P mouth of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10, and the A mouth of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10 is connected by the high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints with the oil inlet of safety valve group 14, the B mouth of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10 is connected by the high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints with the oil inlet of electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, and the T mouth of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10 is connected by the seal for pipe joints of low pressure fluid with oil tank 13; 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10 is by the position of regulating spool, realizes the different control position of P mouth and A mouth, B mouth, T mouth, and actuating spindle is connected different hydraulic circuits to the oil outlet of inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9.
The oil inlet of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 that the oil outlet of safety valve group 14 is identical with two structures on being arranged on two front-wheel 7 wheel hubs connects by the high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints, the oil outlet of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 that two structures are identical is connected by the high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints with the oil inlet of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 on being fixed on vehicle frame, form a hydraulic circuit, and the output rotor axle of the identical hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 of two structures adopts gear to be connected with a joggle with the semiaxis of two front-wheels 7 respectively, the hydraulic energy that axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is pumped rotates by the output rotor axle that drives hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15, be converted into mechanical energy, pass to and drive front-wheel 7.
The oil outlet of electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11 is connected by the seal for pipe joints of low pressure fluid with the oil inlet of H Exch 12, and the oil outlet of H Exch 12 is connected by the seal for pipe joints of low pressure fluid with oil tank 13, and three's serial arranges.
When vehicle travels on good road surface, trailing wheel 6 can utilize the outputting power of driving engine 1 fully, now, power-transfer clutch 2 engages, electronic control unit 8 is according to now the intention of chaufeur and the motoring condition of vehicle send instruction to 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10, regulate its spool position, P mouth and T mouth are connected, the oil outlet of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 directly and oil tank 13 connections, the now load of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is zero, thereby axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is also zero through the load that power takeoff 3 imposes on driving engine 1; The resistance to motion of the vehicle that the now load of driving engine 1 just passes over through trailing wheel 6, rear driving axle 5, change speed gear box 4, power-transfer clutch 2, so the power of driving engine 1 output all passes to rear driving axle 5 by power-transfer clutch 2, change speed gear box 4, drive trailing wheel 6; Axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is in idling conditions.
When vehicle travels on bad road surface, skidding appears in trailing wheel 6, can not utilize the outputting power of driving engine 1 fully, now, power-transfer clutch 2 engages, electronic control unit 8 is according to now the intention of chaufeur and the motoring condition of vehicle are regulated its spool position to the 10 transmission instructions of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve, P mouth and A mouth are connected, the oil outlet of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is connected by safety valve group 14 and the oil inlet that is arranged on two hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motors 15 on front-wheel 7 wheel hubs, the load of front-wheel 7 is by hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15, axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 and power takeoff 3 load to driving engine 1.The power part of driving engine 1 output passes to rear driving axle 5 by power-transfer clutch 2, change speed gear box 4, drives trailing wheel 6, another part power drives axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 input rotor shafts by power takeoff 3 and rotates, electronic control unit 8 determines that according to engine output and trailing wheel slip rate driving engine 1 can offer the assistive drive power of two front-wheels 7, to axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, send instruction, regulate its displacement size, axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 transmits by driving engine 1 mechanical energy of coming and is converted into hydraulic energy, by two hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motors of safety valve group 14 pressure limiting rear drive 15, rotate, hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 is converted into mechanical energy by hydraulic energy again and drives front-wheel 7.
Work as car brakeing, especially when the long-time service brake of lower long slope, driving engine 1 is not as the propulsion source outputting power, and the car load kinetic energy during car brakeing is as propulsion source, through the transmission system outputting power of trailing wheel 6 to rear driving axle 5, change speed gear box 6, power-transfer clutch 2 formations.Now, power-transfer clutch 2 engages, electronic control unit 8 sends instruction according to vehicle running state to 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10 and regulates its spool position, its P mouth and B mouth are connected, make axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 oil outlets connect electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, the return opening of electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11 is connected with H Exch 12 by hydraulic tubing, absorbs vehicle energy and hydraulic oil that temperature raises is back to oil tank 13 after cooling by H Exch 12.Power is from trailing wheel 6 through rear driving axle 5, change speed gear box 4, power-transfer clutch 2, driving engine 1 and power takeoff 3, and the rotor shaft that drives axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 synchronously rotates, and pumps fluid.The pressure that pumps fluid is subject to the linear regulation of electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11.The driving torque of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 equals the opposing torque of its driven wheel, and this opposing torque reacts on rear driving axle 5 by power takeoff 3, driving engine 1, power-transfer clutch 2, change speed gear box 4, and car load is produced to brake action.Electronic control unit 8 is according to the position of brake pedal 19, to electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, send corresponding instruction, the outlet oil pressure of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is set up as certain value, the opposing torque occurred on the rotor shaft of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 acts on driving engine 1 by power takeoff 3, now driving engine 1 is not as propulsion source, and as the deceleration loading on transmission shaft, add that axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 transmits the braking torque of coming, transmission by power-transfer clutch 2 and change speed gear box 4, this braking torque acts on trailing wheel 6 after rear driving axle 5 amplifies, consume car load kinetic energy, realize auxiliary braking.
The specific works pattern of hydraulic pressure assistive drive provided by the invention and brake system is as shown in the table:
Mode of operation:
1) the independent drive pattern of driving engine
With reference to figure 2, now vehicle travels on good normal road surface, trailing wheel 6(drive wheel) do not skid, the required torque of vehicle operating is all provided separately by driving engine 1, power-transfer clutch 2 combinations, 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10 spools are at midway location, A, B, P, tetra-mouth intercommunications of T, be fixedly mounted on vehicle frame axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 oil outlets directly with oil tank 13 connections, load is zero, thereby axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is also zero through the load that power takeoff 3 imposes on driving engine 1; The resistance to motion of the vehicle that the now load of driving engine 1 just passes over through trailing wheel 6, rear driving axle 5, change speed gear box 4, power-transfer clutch 2; The identical hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 of two structures be arranged on front-wheel 7 wheel hubs is not worked, and load is also zero, keeps idling conditions.Now driving engine 1 power all is passed to rear driving axle 5 through power-transfer clutch 2 and change speed gear box 4, directly drives trailing wheel 6.Power transmission line as shown in Figure 2.
2) hydraulic pressure assistive drive pattern
With reference to figure 3, when vehicle travels on bad road surface, trailing wheel 6(drive wheel) occur skidding, the power that has only utilized part driving engine 1 to transmit.Now power-transfer clutch 2 engages, the spool that electronic control unit 8 is regulated 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10 by driver intention or vehicle running state moves to left position, P mouth and A mouth, T mouth and B mouth are connected, hydraulic auxiliary driving system is opened, and axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 oil outlets are arranged on two the HM Hydraulic Motor 15 oil inlets connections that two structures on front-wheel 7 wheel hubs are identical by safety valve group 14.Axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 obtains a part of power of driving engine 1 by power takeoff 3, mechanical energy is converted into to hydraulic energy, through safety valve group 14, high pressure oil is provided for two identical HM Hydraulic Motor 15 of two structures that are arranged on front-wheel 7 wheel hubs, it is that mechanical energy drives two front-wheels 7 by hydraulic energy transfer that high pressure oil drives 15 work of two HM Hydraulic Motor; Other a part of power of driving engine 1 passes to rear driving axle 5 by power-transfer clutch 2, change speed gear box 4 and drives two trailing wheels 6, thereby realizes that from two rear wheel drive vehicles, becoming four wheels drives vehicle jointly.Electronic control unit 8 is according to the power of different slip rates and driving engine now 1 simultaneously, determine that driving engine 1 can offer the assistive drive watt level of two front-wheels 7, electronic control unit 8 is according to the transformation relation between parts power, calculate the driving power size of controllable capacity pump 9, the inclination angle size of the swash plate of control variable pump 9 is to offer two propulsive efforts that hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 is suitable that are contained on two front-wheel 7 wheel hubs.Power transmission line as shown in Figure 3.
3) hydraulic retarding braking mode
With reference to figure 4, work as car brakeing, especially during the long-time service brake when lower long slope, traditional drg there will be braking heat fade phenomenon, and lock torque is unstable.Now electronic control unit 8 moves to right position according to the spool of brake pedal 19 Signal Regulation 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valves 10, P mouth and B mouth, T mouth and A mouth are connected, the oil outlet of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is connected electro-hydraulic proportional valve 11 loops, adjusting shaft is maximum to the inclination angle of the swash plate of inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 simultaneously, and the hydraulic retarding braking mode is opened.
Under this pattern, as shown in Figure 4, now propulsion source is the car load kinetic energy from trailing wheel 6 to front transfer to power transmission line, and the parts of participation mainly contain axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, H Exch 12 and oil tank 13.From power process change speed gear box 4, power-transfer clutch 2, driving engine 1 and power takeoff 3 that trailing wheel 6 transmits, the rotor shaft that drives axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 synchronously rotates, and pumps fluid.What the oil outlet of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 connect is electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, the pressure that pumps fluid is subject to the linear regulation of this electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, the return opening of electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11 is connected with H Exch 12 by hydraulic tubing, absorbs vehicle energy and hydraulic oil that temperature raises is back to oil tank 13 after cooling by H Exch 12.The driving torque of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 equals the opposing torque of its driven wheel, and this opposing torque reacts on driving engine 1 by power takeoff 3, and now driving engine 1 is as propulsion source, but as the load of transmission shaft.The deceleration loading of driving engine 1, add and the opposing torque of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 react on rear driving axle 5 by power-transfer clutch 2, change speed gear box 4, and car load is produced to brake action.Obviously, when the delivery pressure of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 hanged down, its driving torque needed was just little, and the anti-driving torque that car load is produced is just little; By the pressure of regulating electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, get final product the delivery pressure of adjusting shaft to inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, and then regulate anti-driving torque.When needs are braked, electronic control unit 8 is according to the position of brake pedal, to electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, send corresponding instruction, the outlet oil pressure of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is set up as certain value, on axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 driven wheels, opposing torque appears now, add the deceleration loading of driving engine 1, act on trailing wheel 6 after change speed gear box 4 and rear driving axle 5 amplifications, reach the purpose to the slow braking of vehicle.
At fully loaded 100t, change speed gear box one gear speed ratio is 12.1 o'clock, can calculate tractive force ratio and climbable gradient ratio that hydraulic booster system of the present invention can improve, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 when vehicle.Simultaneously when described hydraulic efficiency pressure system is in slow braking mode, in system of the present invention, adopting the transmitting ratio of power takeoff 3 is 1:2, the maximum speed of revolution of Hydraulic Pump 9 is 3600rpm, and max.cap. is 75ml/r, and the pressure of the highest output hydraulic pressure oil is 40MPa, one gear speed ratio of vehicle is 12.1, base ratio is 5.73, and as calculated, in the present invention, maximum braking torque can additionally be provided is 477.7Nm to Hydraulic Pump, through transmission device, amplify, the lock torque that acts on trailing wheel can reach 66240.7Nm.
In the structure of hydraulic pressure assistive drive provided by the invention and brake system:
Driving engine 1 is the common propulsion source of conventional truck and hydraulic pressure assistive drive and brake system, and it chooses the dynamic property requirement according to car load, selects existing product, and for example maximum output power is the WP12_375NW h type engine h of 295KW.
Power-transfer clutch 2 is selected existing product, and structure is the common normally closed diaphragm spring friction clutch that is usually used in commercial truck, and for example the friction lining diameter is the DS430 type power-transfer clutch of 430mm.
Change speed gear box 4 requires to select existing product according to the gear of vehicle, and for example model is the mechanical transmission of 12JSD180TA.
The power taking mode of power takeoff 3, can be chosen from driving engine 1 end power taking for directly in existing product; The structure of power takeoff 3 comprises two intermeshing driving and driven gears, driving gear and driven gear are set on input shaft and output shaft to become to be fixedly connected with, power, from input shaft transmission input, through the engaged transmission of driving and driven gear, is exported from the output shaft transmission.
Selecting according to the power of vehicle of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 and hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 requires to choose existing product, for example discharge capacity is 75ml/r, maximum speed of revolution is high pressure P 90 pumps of 3600rpm, and rated pressure is 40MPa, and discharge capacity is the radial plunger piston motor MFE08-0 of 1043ml/r.
3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10 is selected existing product, and its Median Function is H shape, and four-hole is connected entirely, the pump off-load, and maneuverability pattern is that electromagnet is handled, spring reset; According to the input electrical signal instruction, its spool position can left and right adjusting to realize commutation function.
Electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11 is that range of regulation is the high-voltage ratio by pass valve of 0-40MPa, selects existing product.
The control method of the mode of operation switching of hydraulic pressure assistive drive provided by the invention and brake system specifically describes as follows:
With reference to figure 5, electronic control unit 8 is by gathering vehicle speed signal, tach signal, acceleration pedal 18 and brake pedal 19 position signals of driving engine 1 and intention and the vehicle running state that hydraulic efficiency pressure system switch key signal judges chaufeur, thereby actuating spindle is to inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9,3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10 spool positions, electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11 and driving engine 1 accelerator open degree, realize the switch of hydraulic pressure assistive drive and brake system and the conversion between mode of operation, specifically comprise the following steps:
Step 1, gather vehicle speed signal, acceleration pedal position signal, brake pedal position signal and hydraulic efficiency pressure system on-off signal;
Step 2, judge whether the speed of a motor vehicle is greater than 0, if enter step 3; Otherwise illustrate that vehicle enters the ending step of step 10 at the Parking state;
The spool that electronic control unit 8 sends instruction adjusting 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10 moves to right position, P mouth and B mouth, T mouth and A mouth are connected, adjusting shaft is maximum to the inclination angle of the swash plate of inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, electronic control unit 8 goes out the anti-driving torque size of hydraulic efficiency pressure system according to vehicle speed signal and braking requirement torque calculation simultaneously, to electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, send instruction, adjusting shaft, to the oil outlet pressure of inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, returns to step 2;
Step 6, chaufeur primer fluid pressing system enters the assistive drive mode of operation:
The spool that electronic control unit 8 sends instruction adjusting 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve 10 moves to left position, P mouth and A mouth, T mouth and B mouth are connected, axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is connected with two hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motors 15 on being arranged on two front-wheel 7 wheel hubs through safety valve group 14, the required power of hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 that calculates front-wheel according to tach signal and the vehicle speed signal of driving engine 1, electronic control unit 8 sends instruction to controllable capacity pump 9, regulate the inclination angle size of its swash plate to offer two propulsive efforts that hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 is suitable that are contained on two front-wheel 7 wheel hubs, return to step 2,
Claims (6)
1. a hydraulic pressure assistive drive and brake system, comprise driving engine (1), power-transfer clutch (2), change speed gear box (4), rear driving axle (5), two trailing wheels (6), two front-wheels (7), acceleration pedal (18), brake pedal (19) and vehicle frame, the crank shaft output shaft (16) of described driving engine (1) adopts spline pair to be connected with the input shaft of power-transfer clutch (2), the output shaft of power-transfer clutch (2) adopts spline pair to be connected with the input shaft of change speed gear box (4), and the output shaft of change speed gear box (4) adopts spline pair to be connected with the input shaft of rear driving axle (5); It is characterized in that, also comprise power takeoff (3), axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9), 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve (10), electricity liquid ratio relief valve (11), H Exch (12), safety valve group (14), 2 hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor (15), oil tank (13) and electronic control units (8) that structure is identical, wherein, the input shaft of described power takeoff (3) adopts spline pair to be connected with the output shaft (17) of engine drive annex, and the output shaft of power takeoff (3) is connected by flange with the rotor shaft of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9); Axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9) is connected with 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve (10) pipeline, and 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve (10) is connected with safety valve group (14), electricity liquid ratio relief valve (11), oil tank (13) pipeline respectively; The oil inlet pipeline of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor (15) that the oil outlet of safety valve group (14) is identical with 2 structures connects, and the oil outlet of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor (15) that 2 structures are identical is connected with the oil inlet pipeline of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9); The oil outlet of described electricity liquid ratio relief valve (11) is connected with the oil inlet pipeline of H Exch (12), and the oil outlet of H Exch (12) is connected with oil tank (13) pipeline; Electronic control unit (8) is connected with driving engine (1), axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9), 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve (10), electricity liquid ratio relief valve (11), acceleration pedal (18) and brake pedal (19) respectively by signal wire (SW).
2. a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive as claimed in claim 1 and brake system, it is characterized in that, described axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9) is connected with 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve (10) pipeline, 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve (10) respectively with safety valve group (14), the connection of electricity liquid ratio relief valve (11) pipeline refers to: the oil outlet of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9) is connected by the high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints with the P mouth of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve (10), the A mouth of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve (10) is connected by the high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints with the oil inlet of safety valve group (14), the B mouth of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve (10) is connected by the high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints with the oil inlet of electricity liquid ratio relief valve (11), the T mouth of 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve (10) is connected by the seal for pipe joints of low pressure fluid with oil tank (13).
3. a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive as claimed in claim 1 and brake system, it is characterized in that, the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor (15) that described 2 structures are identical is arranged on the wheel hub of two front-wheels (7) successively, and axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9) is fixed on vehicle frame; The oil inlet of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor (15) that the oil outlet of described safety valve group (14) is identical with 2 structures connects by the high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints, the oil outlet of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor (15) that 2 structures are identical is connected by the high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints with the oil inlet of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9), and the output rotor axle of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor (15) that 2 structures are identical and the semiaxis of two front-wheels (7) adopt gear to be connected with a joggle.
4. a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive as claimed in claim 1 and brake system, it is characterized in that, the oil outlet of described electricity liquid ratio relief valve (11) is connected by the seal for pipe joints of low pressure fluid with the oil inlet of H Exch (12), the oil outlet of H Exch (12) is connected by the seal for pipe joints of low pressure fluid with oil tank (13), electricity liquid ratio relief valve (11), H Exch (12) and oil tank (13) serial setting.
5. a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive as claimed in claim 1 and brake system, is characterized in that, the rated pressure of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor (15) that described 2 structures are identical is 40MPa, and discharge capacity is 1043ml/r; Described axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9) is discharge capacity 75ml/r, high pressure P 90 pumps of maximum speed of revolution 3600rpm; The Median Function of described 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve (10) is H shape, and four-hole is connected entirely; Described electricity liquid ratio relief valve (11) is the high-voltage ratio by pass valve of 0-40MPa for range of regulation; Described H Exch (12) employing operating temperature is the water-cooled cooler of 40-60 ℃; Described safety valve group (14) is comprised of two identical safety valves of structure model of pressure limiting 40MPa, and the installation site of two safety valves is opposite.
6. the control method of a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive as claimed in claim 1 and brake system, is characterized in that, specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1, gather vehicle speed signal, acceleration pedal (18) position signal, brake pedal (19) position signal and hydraulic efficiency pressure system on-off signal;
Step 2, judge whether the speed of a motor vehicle is greater than 0, if enter step 3; Otherwise, illustrate that vehicle, at the Parking state, enters step 10;
Step 3, judge according to the speed of a motor vehicle, acceleration pedal (18) and brake pedal (19) position signal whether vehicle is braked, if enter step 4; Otherwise, enter step 5;
Step 4, vehicle is in braking mode, hydraulic efficiency pressure system is opened and entered slow braking mode of operation: the spool that electronic control unit (8) sends instruction adjusting 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve (10) moves to right position, P mouth and B mouth, the T mouth, the A mouth is connected, adjusting shaft is maximum to the inclination angle of the swash plate of inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9), electronic control unit (8) goes out the anti-driving torque size of hydraulic efficiency pressure system according to vehicle speed signal and braking requirement torque calculation simultaneously, to electricity liquid ratio relief valve (11), send instruction, the oil outlet pressure of regulated variable pump (9), return to step 2,
Step 5, judge whether the hydraulic efficiency pressure system switch is on-state, if the step 6 of entering, otherwise enter step 7;
Step 6, chaufeur primer fluid pressing system enters the assistive drive mode of operation: the spool that electronic control unit (8) sends instruction adjusting 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve (10) moves to left position, P mouth and A mouth, T mouth and B mouth are connected, axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9) is connected with 2 hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motors (15) through safety valve group (14), the demand power of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor (15) that calculates front-wheel according to tach signal and the vehicle speed signal of driving engine (1), electronic control unit (8) sends instruction to controllable capacity pump (9), regulate the inclination angle size of its swash plate to provide hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor (15) suitable propulsive effort, return to step 2,
Step 7, judge whether the speed of a motor vehicle is greater than the speed of a motor vehicle and sets limit value, if enter step 8; Otherwise, enter step 9;
Step 8, the speed of a motor vehicle is greater than the speed of a motor vehicle and sets limit value, hydraulic closure system, car load is in the independent drive pattern of driving engine, the spool that electronic control unit (8) sends instruction adjusting 3-position 4-way solenoid directional control valve (10) moves to meta, A mouth, B mouth, P mouth, T mouth are connected mutually, and axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9) and hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor (15) all are in idling conditions, return to step 2;
Step 9, the speed of a motor vehicle are less than the speed of a motor vehicle and set limit value, and hydraulic efficiency pressure system is automatically opened and entered the assistive drive mode of operation, namely enters step 6;
Step 10, finish.
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| CN201310372925.4A CN103407449B (en) | 2013-08-23 | 2013-08-23 | A kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive and brake system and control method thereof |
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| CN103770770A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-05-07 | 南京理工大学 | Integrated automatic parking braking device |
| CN103770769A (en) * | 2014-02-13 | 2014-05-07 | 济宁朝阳商用机器有限公司 | Brake system of automobile and automobile with brake system |
| CN104859424A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-08-26 | 吉林大学 | Hydraulic auxiliary drive system by adopting wheel hub motors |
| CN105818668A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-08-03 | 中国第汽车股份有限公司 | Hydraulic auxiliary driving system with energy recovery and speed slowing functions and method thereof |
| CN106004842A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-10-12 | 肇庆高新区凯盈顺汽车设计有限公司 | Vehicle safety braking device |
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