CN103407449B - A kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive and brake system and control method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive and brake system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103407449B CN103407449B CN201310372925.4A CN201310372925A CN103407449B CN 103407449 B CN103407449 B CN 103407449B CN 201310372925 A CN201310372925 A CN 201310372925A CN 103407449 B CN103407449 B CN 103407449B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive and brake system, solve poor and that braking is unstable when the long-time service brake problem of existing commercial truck crossing ability on bad road surface, it comprises driving engine, power-transfer clutch, change speed gear box, rear driving axle, two front-wheels, acceleration pedal, brake pedal, vehicle frame, power takeoff, axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump, three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, electricity liquid ratio relief valve, H Exch, safety valve group, the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor that two structures are identical, oil tank and electronic control unit, wherein, axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump is connected with three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve pipeline, three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve respectively with safety valve group, electricity liquid ratio relief valve, filler pipe connects, the identical hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor of 2 structures is connected with axial inclined disc type high pressure variable pump line road, the present invention provides the control method of a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive and brake system simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of driving and the brake equipment that belong to automobile hydraulic application technology field, more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive and brake system and control method thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the fast development of 21 century automobile industry, the application of secondary adjusting hydrostatic drive technology in conventional truck obtains important breakthrough, and this technology causes the great attention of domestic and international research institution and automaker gradually.At home mainly colleges and universities are concentrated on to the applied research of hydraulic technique on automobile, relevant hydraulic-driven technology application is many in the fluid dynamic coupling system of energy-conserving and environment-protective, comprise parallel connection, series-parallel connection liquid-driving mixed power system etc., the research of hydraulic pressure execution architecture aspect when hydraulic brake technology application is also confined to brake more.Abroad, hydraulic-driven technology is applied to various types of vehicle such as car and urban bus by U.S. Eaton company; Hydraulic energy-accumulating system is applied on urban bus by MIT and German M.A.N company, and uses in the multiple city in Europe and North America.
Traditional commercial truck, large truck, the operating mode of tractor truck and engineering truck mostly is country bad road surface or road surface, mine, Chang Po road surface, these roads roughness are larger, adhesion value is general less, the phenomenon that drive wheel skids often is there will be when vehicle travels on this road surface, affect dynamic property and the crossing ability of car load, vehicle often runs into the long-time service brake situation of descending simultaneously, need to use running brake continuously or frequently, cause brake wheel and brake plate severe wear, make the easy get out of hand of brake system, not only reduce the service life of running brake, also have a strong impact on travel safety.
Although hydraulic hybrid coupled system part improves dynamic property and the braking ability of conventional truck, but main function is energy-conservation, and changing of design is comparatively large, and control algorithm is complicated, cost is high, is not adapted at the vehicles such as traditional load-carrying vehicle, heavy duty truck and tractor truck are applied; The hydraulic resistance retarder that the mechanism such as University Of Xiangtan proposes can improve vehicle braking performances, but does not improve the dynamic property of vehicle when bad road traveling and crossing ability.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention overcomes poor and that braking is unstable when the long-time service brake problem of commercial truck crossing ability on bad road surface, propose a kind of a set of hydraulic pressure assistive drive and brake system simultaneously can improving trafficability and insensitivity of installing on the architecture basics of existing vehicle, the control method of a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive and brake system is also provided simultaneously.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical proposals to realize, by reference to the accompanying drawings:
The invention provides a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive and brake system, it comprises driving engine 1, power-transfer clutch 2, change speed gear box 4, rear driving axle 5, two trailing wheels 6, two front-wheels 7, acceleration pedal 18, brake pedal 19 and vehicle frames, the crank shaft output shaft 16 of driving engine 1 adopts spline pair to be connected with the input shaft of power-transfer clutch 2, the output shaft of power-transfer clutch 2 adopts spline pair to be connected with the input shaft of change speed gear box 4, and the output shaft of change speed gear box 4 adopts spline pair to be connected with the input shaft of rear driving axle 5; Also comprise power takeoff 3, axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10, electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, H Exch 12, hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15, oil tank 13 and electronic control unit 8 that safety valve group 14,2 structures are identical, wherein, input shaft and the driving engine 1 of power takeoff 3 drive the output shaft 17 of annex to adopt spline pair to be connected, and the output shaft of power takeoff 3 is connected by flange with the rotor shaft of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9; Axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is connected with three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10 pipeline, and three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10 is connected with safety valve group 14, electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, oil tank 13 pipeline respectively; The oil inlet pipeline of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 that the oil outlet of safety valve group 14 is identical with 2 structures connects, and the oil outlet of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 that 2 structures are identical is connected with the oil inlet pipeline of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9; The oil outlet of described electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11 is connected with the oil inlet pipeline of H Exch 12, and the oil outlet of H Exch 12 is connected with oil tank 13 pipeline; Electronic control unit 8 is connected with driving engine 1, axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10, electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, acceleration pedal 18 and brake pedal 19 respectively by signal wire (SW).
According to a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive provided by the present invention and brake system, axially the oil outlet of inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is connected by high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints with the P mouth of three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10, the A mouth of three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10 is connected by high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints with the oil inlet of safety valve group 14, the B mouth of three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10 is connected by high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints with the oil inlet of electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, and the T mouth of three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10 is connected by the seal for pipe joints of low pressure fluid with oil tank 13; By regulating the position of three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10 spool, realize the different control position of P mouth and A mouth, B mouth, T mouth, actuating spindle connects different hydraulic circuits to the oil outlet of inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9.
According to a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive provided by the present invention and brake system, the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 that 2 structures are identical is arranged on the wheel hub of two front-wheels 7 successively, and axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is fixed on vehicle frame, the oil inlet of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 that the oil outlet of safety valve group 14 is identical with 2 structures is connected by high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints, the oil outlet of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 that 2 structures are identical is connected by high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints with the oil inlet of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, form a hydraulic circuit, the output rotor axle of hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 that 2 structures are identical adopts gears meshing to be connected with the semiaxis of two front-wheels 7, rotate by driving the output rotor axle of hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15, the hydraulic energy transfer pumped by axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is mechanical energy, drive front-wheel 7.
According to a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive provided by the present invention and brake system, the oil outlet of electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11 is connected by the seal for pipe joints of low pressure fluid with the oil inlet of H Exch 12, the oil outlet of H Exch 12 is connected by the seal for pipe joints of low pressure fluid with oil tank 13, and electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, H Exch 12 and oil tank 13 serial are arranged.
According to a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive provided by the present invention and brake system, the rated pressure of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 that 2 structures are identical is 40MPa, and discharge capacity is 1043ml/r; Axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is discharge capacity 75ml/r, high pressure P 90 pump of maximum speed of revolution 3600rpm; The Median Function of three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10 is H-shaped, entirely connects for four mouthfuls, pump off-load, and maneuverability pattern is that electromagnet is handled, spring reset, and its spool position can left and right adjusting; Electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11 for range of regulation be the high-voltage ratio by pass valve of 0-40MPa; H Exch 12 adopts operating temperature to be the water-cooled cooler of 40-60 DEG C; Safety valve group 14 is made up of the safety valve that two structure models of pressure limiting 40MPa are identical, and the installation site of two safety valves is contrary.
The present invention also provides the control method of a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive and brake system, electronic control unit 8 gathers vehicle speed signal, the tach signal of driving engine 1, the position signal of acceleration pedal 18 and brake pedal 19 and hydraulic efficiency pressure system switch key signal judge intention and the vehicle running state of chaufeur, thus actuating spindle is to inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10 spool position, electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11 and driving engine 1 accelerator open degree, realize the conversion between the switch of hydraulic pressure assistive drive and brake system and mode of operation, specifically comprise the following steps:
Step one, gathers vehicle speed signal, acceleration pedal 18 position signal, brake pedal 19 position signal and hydraulic efficiency pressure system on-off signal;
Step 2, judges whether the speed of a motor vehicle is greater than 0, if so, enters step 3; Otherwise, illustrate that vehicle is at parked state, enters step 10;
According to the speed of a motor vehicle, acceleration pedal 18 and brake pedal 19 position signal, step 3, judges whether vehicle is braked, and if so, enters step 4; Otherwise, enter step 5;
Step 4, vehicle is in braking mode, hydraulic efficiency pressure system is opened and is entered retarder brake mode of operation: electronic control unit 8 sends instruction and regulates the spool of three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10 to move to right position, P mouth and B mouth, T mouth, A mouth are connected, adjusting shaft is maximum to the inclination angle of the swash plate of inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, electronic control unit 8 goes out the anti-driving torque size of hydraulic efficiency pressure system according to vehicle speed signal and braking requirement torque calculation simultaneously, instruction is sent to electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, the oil outlet pressure of regulated variable pump 9, returns step 2;
Step 5, judges whether hydraulic efficiency pressure system switch is on-state, if the step 6 of entering, otherwise enters step 7;
Step 6, chaufeur primer fluid pressing system enters assistive drive mode of operation: electronic control unit 8 sends instruction and regulates the spool of three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10 to move to left position, P mouth and A mouth, T mouth and B mouth are connected, axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is connected with 2 hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motors 15 through safety valve group 14, the required power of hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 of front-wheel is calculated according to the tach signal of driving engine 1 and vehicle speed signal, electronic control unit 8 sends instruction to controllable capacity pump 9, regulate the inclination angle size of its swash plate to provide the propulsive effort that hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 is suitable, return step 2,
Step 7, judges whether the speed of a motor vehicle is greater than speed of a motor vehicle setting limit value, if so, then enters step 8; Otherwise, enter step 9;
Step 8, the speed of a motor vehicle is greater than speed of a motor vehicle setting limit value, hydraulic closure system, car load is in the independent drive pattern of driving engine, electronic control unit 8 sends instruction and regulates the spool of three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10 to move to meta, A mouth, B mouth, P mouth, T mouth are connected mutually, and axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 and hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 are all in idling conditions, return step 2;
Step 9, the speed of a motor vehicle is less than speed of a motor vehicle setting limit value, and hydraulic efficiency pressure system is automatically opened and entered assistive drive mode of operation, namely enters step 6;
Step 10, terminates.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor adopted in hydraulic booster system of the present invention is compared with hydraulic variable flow Pump and Electromotor, and specific power is large, and volume is little simultaneously, quality light, accounts for car load space little, arranges that mounting structure is simple.The specific power of such as motor is about 1.6kw/kg, and the specific power of HM Hydraulic Motor can reach 3.6kw/kg.
2. hydraulic booster system of the present invention is compared with conventional truck, multi-state is adaptable, the dynamic property of vehicle, crossing ability and hill climbing ability can be significantly improved, on road surface between coefficient of road adhesion 0.34-0.57, improve tractive force ratio and be about 10%-23%, climbable gradient improves ratio and is about 13%-25%.
3. hydraulic booster system of the present invention is compared with conventional truck, can enlarge markedly braking torque when car brakeing, simultaneously when long-time service brake, significantly can reduce the heating of brake disc, improves the stability of brake efficiency when vehicle is braked for a long time.
4. hydraulic booster system of the present invention is that adding portion Hydraulic Elements form on the architecture basics of existing vehicle, does not substantially change the structure of former vehicle, and compared with liquid-driving mixed power system, complete vehicle structure changes less, and cost increases less.
5. the driven by power that the Hydrostatic drive that hydraulic booster system of the present invention adopts compares high potential control has more safety.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described further:
Fig. 1 is the structural principle schematic diagram of hydraulic pressure assistive drive of the present invention and brake system.
Fig. 2 is hydraulic pressure assistive drive of the present invention and brake system power transmission line figure under the independent drive pattern of driving engine.
Fig. 3 is hydraulic pressure assistive drive of the present invention and brake system power transmission line figure under hydraulic pressure assistive drive pattern.
Fig. 4 is hydraulic pressure assistive drive of the present invention and brake system power transmission line figure under hydraulic retarding braking mode.
Fig. 5 is the control method diagram of circuit that hydraulic pressure assistive drive of the present invention and brake system mode of operation switch.
Fig. 6 is the diagram of curves that the vehicle traction of hydraulic pressure assistive drive of the present invention and brake system increases ratio.
Fig. 7 is the diagram of curves that the vehicle climbable gradient of hydraulic pressure assistive drive of the present invention and brake system increases ratio.
In figure: 1-driving engine, 2-power-transfer clutch, 3-power takeoff, 4-change speed gear box, 5-rear driving axle, 6-trailing wheel, 7-front-wheel, 8-electronic control unit, 9-axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump, 10-three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, 11-electricity liquid ratio relief valve, 12-H Exch, 13-oil tank, 14-safety valve group, 15-hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor, 16-engine crankshaft output shaft, the output shaft of 17-engine drive annex, 18-acceleration pedal, 19-brake pedal.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is explained in detail:
The object of the invention is a set of hydraulic efficiency pressure system is installed on the architecture basics of existing commercial truck, to overcome the shortcoming of its dynamic property, crossing ability difference and lower long slope duration time service brake instability on bad road surface, improve the in-use performance of automobile.
With reference to figure 1, hydraulic pressure assistive drive provided by the invention and brake system comprise driving engine 1, power-transfer clutch 2, power takeoff 3, change speed gear box 4, rear driving axle 5, two trailing wheels 6, two front-wheels 7, vehicle frame, electronic control unit 8, axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10, electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, H Exch 12, oil tank 13, hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 that safety valve group 14, two structures are identical, engine crankshaft output shaft 16, the output shaft 17 of engine drive annex, acceleration pedal 18 and brake pedal 19.
In system of the present invention, driving engine 1, power-transfer clutch 2, change speed gear box 4, rear driving axle 5, two trailing wheels 6, two front-wheels 7 and vehicle frame are propulsion source and the power-transmitting parts of existing conventional truck, power takeoff 3, axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10, electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, H Exch 12, hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15, oil tank 13 and electronic control unit 8 that safety valve group 14, two structures are identical are the parts added on the drive mechanism basis not changing existing conventional truck, and form new power transmission line.
Hydraulic pressure assistive drive provided by the invention and brake system are formed not changing adding portion element on existing conventional truck architecture basics.
In conventional truck structure, the crank shaft output shaft 16 of driving engine 1 inputs spline pair with power-transfer clutch 2 and is connected, and the output shaft of power-transfer clutch 2 adopts spline pair to be connected with the input shaft of change speed gear box 4, and the output shaft of change speed gear box 4 adopts spline pair to be connected with the input shaft of rear driving axle 5; The output shaft of power-transfer clutch 2 and the input shaft of change speed gear box 4 to be arranged on respective housing respectively by antifriction-bearing box and to be in same level, keep rotation axis to be parallel to each other; Input shaft gear and the output shaft gear of change speed gear box 4 are sleeved on its input shaft and become to be fixedly connected with on output shaft, and its input shaft gear and output shaft gear are connected with a joggle; The output shaft of change speed gear box 4 and the input shaft of rear driving axle 5 to be arranged on respective housing respectively by antifriction-bearing box and to be in same level, and keep rotation axis to be parallel to each other.Driving engine 1, as propulsion source outputting power, passes to rear driving axle 5 through power-transfer clutch 2, change speed gear box 4, drives trailing wheel 6.
In the structure of new interpolation, the input shaft of power takeoff 3 adopts spline pair to be connected with the output shaft 17 of engine drive annex, the input shaft driving gear of power takeoff 3 and the engaged transmission of output shaft driven gear, by the transmission of power of driving engine 1 to the output shaft of power takeoff 3, the output shaft of power takeoff 3 adopts flange to be connected with between the rotor shaft of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, thus make driving engine 1 rotate through the rotor shaft synchronous axial system that power takeoff 3 drives axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, pump fluid.
Axially the oil outlet of inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is connected by high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints with the P mouth of three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10, and the A mouth of three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10 and the oil inlet of safety valve group 14 are connected by high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints, the B mouth of three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10 is connected by high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints with the oil inlet of electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, and the T mouth of three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10 is connected by the seal for pipe joints of low pressure fluid with oil tank 13; Three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10 is by the position of regulating spool, and realize the different control position of P mouth and A mouth, B mouth, T mouth, actuating spindle connects different hydraulic circuits to the oil outlet of inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9.
The oil inlet of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 that the oil outlet of safety valve group 14 is identical with two structures be arranged on two front-wheel 7 wheel hubs is connected by high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints, the oil outlet of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 that two structures are identical is connected by high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints with the oil inlet of the inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 of the axis be fixed on vehicle frame, form a hydraulic circuit, and the output rotor axle of the identical hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 of two structures adopts gears meshing to be connected with the semiaxis of two front-wheels 7 respectively, the hydraulic energy that axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 pumps is rotated by driving the output rotor axle of hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15, be converted into mechanical energy, pass to and drive front-wheel 7.
The oil outlet of electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11 is connected by the seal for pipe joints of low pressure fluid with the oil inlet of H Exch 12, and the oil outlet of H Exch 12 is connected by the seal for pipe joints of low pressure fluid with oil tank 13, and three's serial is arranged.
Electronic control unit 8 is connected with brake pedal 19 with driving engine 1, axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10, electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, acceleration pedal 18 respectively by signal wire (SW), receive the position signal of acceleration pedal 18 and brake pedal 19, send instruction to regulate the oil pressure relief of the inclination angle of swash plate of the accelerator open degree of driving engine 1, the inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 of axis, the spool position of three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10 and electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11.
When vehicle travels in good road surface, trailing wheel 6 can utilize the outputting power of driving engine 1 completely, now, power-transfer clutch 2 engages, electronic control unit 8 is according to now the intention of chaufeur and the motoring condition of vehicle send instruction to three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10, regulate its spool position, P mouth and T mouth are connected, axially the oil outlet of inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 directly and oil tank 13 connect, now axially the load of inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is zero, thus the load that axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is applied to driving engine 1 through power takeoff 3 is also zero; The resistance to motion of the vehicle that the now load of driving engine 1 just passes over through trailing wheel 6, rear driving axle 5, change speed gear box 4, power-transfer clutch 2, so the power that driving engine 1 exports all passes to rear driving axle 5 by power-transfer clutch 2, change speed gear box 4, drives trailing wheel 6; Axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is in idling conditions.
When vehicle travels on bad road surface, skidding appears in trailing wheel 6, the outputting power of driving engine 1 can not be utilized completely, now, power-transfer clutch 2 engages, electronic control unit 8 sends instruction according to the now intention of chaufeur and the motoring condition of vehicle to three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10 and regulates its spool position, P mouth and A mouth are connected, axially the oil outlet of inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is connected by the oil inlet of safety valve group 14 with two the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motors 15 be arranged on front-wheel 7 wheel hub, the load of front-wheel 7 is by hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15, axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 and power takeoff 3 load to driving engine 1.The power part that driving engine 1 exports passes to rear driving axle 5 by power-transfer clutch 2, change speed gear box 4, drives trailing wheel 6, another part power drives axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 to input rotor shaft by power takeoff 3 and rotates, electronic control unit 8 can be supplied to the assistive drive power of two front-wheels 7 according to engine output and rear wheel slip rate determination driving engine 1, instruction is sent to axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, regulate its displacement size, axially driving engine 1 is transmitted the changes mechanical energy come by inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is hydraulic energy, rotated by safety valve group 14 pressure limiting rear drive two hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motors 15, hydraulic energy is converted into mechanical energy and drives front-wheel 7 by hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 again.
Work as car brakeing, especially when the long-time service brake of lower long slope, driving engine 1 not as propulsion source outputting power, car load kinetic energy during car brakeing as propulsion source, through trailing wheel 6 to rear driving axle 5, change speed gear box 6, power-transfer clutch 2 form transmission system outputting power.Now, power-transfer clutch 2 engages, electronic control unit 8 sends instruction according to vehicle running state to three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10 and regulates its spool position, its P mouth and B mouth are connected, axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 oil outlet is made to connect electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, the return opening of electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11 is connected with H Exch 12 by hydraulic tubing, absorbs after hydraulic oil that vehicle energy and temperature raise is cooled by H Exch 12 and is back to oil tank 13.Power through rear driving axle 5, change speed gear box 4, power-transfer clutch 2, driving engine 1 and power takeoff 3 from trailing wheel 6, drives the rotor shaft synchronous axial system of axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, pumps fluid.The pressure pumping fluid is subject to the linear regulation of electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11.Axially the driving torque of inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 equals the opposing torque of its driven wheel, and this opposing torque reacts on rear driving axle 5 by power takeoff 3, driving engine 1, power-transfer clutch 2, change speed gear box 4, produces brake action to car load.Electronic control unit 8 is according to the position of brake pedal 19, corresponding instruction is sent to electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, the outlet oil pressure of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is set up as certain value, the opposing torque that the rotor shaft of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 occurs acts on driving engine 1 by power takeoff 3, now driving engine 1 is not as propulsion source, and as the deceleration loading on transmission shaft, add that axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 transmits next braking torque, by the transmission of power-transfer clutch 2 and change speed gear box 4, this braking torque acts on trailing wheel 6 after rear driving axle 5 amplifies, consume car load kinetic energy, realize auxiliary braking.
The specific works pattern of hydraulic pressure assistive drive provided by the invention and brake system is as shown in the table:
Mode of operation:
1) the independent drive pattern of driving engine
With reference to figure 2, now vehicle travels on good normal road surface, trailing wheel 6(drive wheel) do not skid, torque needed for vehicle operating is all provided separately by driving engine 1, power-transfer clutch 2 combines, three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10 spool is at midway location, A, B, P, T tetra-mouth intercommunications, be fixedly mounted on axis inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 oil outlet on vehicle frame directly and oil tank 13 connect, load is zero, thus the load that axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is applied to driving engine 1 through power takeoff 3 is also zero; The resistance to motion of the vehicle that the now load of driving engine 1 just passes over through trailing wheel 6, rear driving axle 5, change speed gear box 4, power-transfer clutch 2; The hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 being arranged on two structures on front-wheel 7 wheel hub identical does not work, and load is also zero, keeps idling conditions.Now driving engine 1 power is all passed to rear driving axle 5 through power-transfer clutch 2 and change speed gear box 4, Direct driver trailing wheel 6.Power transmission line as shown in Figure 2.
2) hydraulic pressure assistive drive pattern
With reference to figure 3, when vehicle travels on bad road surface, trailing wheel 6(drive wheel) occur skidding, only make use of the power that part driving engine 1 transmits.Now power-transfer clutch 2 engages, electronic control unit 8 regulates the spool of three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10 to move to left position by driver intention or vehicle running state, P mouth and A mouth, T mouth and B mouth are connected, hydraulic auxiliary driving system is opened, and axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 oil outlet is connected by HM Hydraulic Motor 15 oil inlet that safety valve group 14 is identical with two structures that two are arranged on front-wheel 7 wheel hub.Axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 obtains a part of power of driving engine 1 by power takeoff 3, be hydraulic energy by changes mechanical energy, through safety valve group 14, the HM Hydraulic Motor 15 identical to two two structures be arranged on front-wheel 7 wheel hub provides high pressure oil, and it is that mechanical energy drives two front-wheels 7 that high pressure oil drives two HM Hydraulic Motor 15 to work hydraulic energy transfer; Other a part of power of driving engine 1 passes to rear driving axle 5 by power-transfer clutch 2, change speed gear box 4 and drives two trailing wheels 6, thus realizes becoming four wheels from two rear wheel drive vehicles and jointly driving vehicle.Simultaneously electronic control unit 8 is according to the power of different slip rates and driving engine now 1, determine that driving engine 1 can be supplied to the assistive drive watt level of two front-wheels 7, electronic control unit 8 is according to the transformation relation between device power, calculate the driving power size of controllable capacity pump 9, the inclination angle size of the swash plate of control variable pump 9 is to be supplied to the suitable propulsive effort of two the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motors 15 be contained on two front-wheel 7 wheel hubs.Power transmission line as shown in Figure 3.
3) hydraulic retarding braking mode
With reference to figure 4, work as car brakeing, during long-time service brake especially when lower long slope, traditional drg there will be braking heat fade phenomenon, and lock torque is unstable.Now electronic control unit 8 moves to right position according to the spool of brake pedal 19 Signal Regulation three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10, P mouth and B mouth, T mouth and A mouth are connected, axially the oil outlet of inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 connects electro-hydraulic proportional valve 11 loop, adjusting shaft is maximum to the inclination angle of the swash plate of inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 simultaneously, and hydraulic retarding braking mode is opened.
Under this pattern, power transmission line as shown in Figure 4, and now propulsion source is the car load kinetic energy from trailing wheel 6 to front transfer, and the parts of participation mainly contain axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, H Exch 12 and oil tank 13.The power transmitted from trailing wheel 6, through change speed gear box 4, power-transfer clutch 2, driving engine 1 and power takeoff 3, drives the rotor shaft synchronous axial system of axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, pumps fluid.What axially the oil outlet of inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 connect is electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, the pressure pumping fluid is subject to the linear regulation of this electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, the return opening of electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11 is connected with H Exch 12 by hydraulic tubing, absorbs after hydraulic oil that vehicle energy and temperature raise is cooled by H Exch 12 and is back to oil tank 13.Axially the driving torque of inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 equals the opposing torque of its driven wheel, and this opposing torque reacts on driving engine 1 by power takeoff 3, and now driving engine 1 is not as propulsion source, but as the load of transmission shaft.The deceleration loading of driving engine 1, adds the opposing torque of axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, reacts on rear driving axle 5 by power-transfer clutch 2, change speed gear box 4, produces brake action to car load.Obviously, when the delivery pressure of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is low, its driving torque needed is just little, and the anti-driving torque produced car load is just little; By regulating the pressure of electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11 to get final product the delivery pressure of adjusting shaft to inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, and then regulate anti-driving torque.When needs are braked, electronic control unit 8 is according to the position of brake pedal, corresponding instruction is sent to electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, the outlet oil pressure of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is set up as certain value, now there is opposing torque in axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 driven wheel, add the deceleration loading of driving engine 1, act on trailing wheel 6 after change speed gear box 4 and rear driving axle 5 amplify, reach the object to vehicle retarder brake.
When vehicle is at fully loaded 100t, change speed gear box one keeps off speed ratio when being 12.1, can calculate tractive force ratio and climbable gradient ratio that hydraulic booster system of the present invention can improve, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7.Simultaneously when described hydraulic efficiency pressure system is in retarder brake pattern, the transmitting ratio of power takeoff 3 is adopted to be 1:2 in system of the present invention, the maximum speed of revolution of Hydraulic Pump 9 is 3600rpm, and max.cap. is 75ml/r, and the pressure of the highest output hydraulic pressure oil is 40MPa, one gear speed ratio of vehicle is 12.1, base ratio is 5.73, and as calculated, in the present invention, Hydraulic Pump can additionally provide maximum braking torque to be 477.7Nm, amplify through transmission device, the lock torque acting on trailing wheel can reach 66240.7Nm.
In the structure of hydraulic pressure assistive drive provided by the invention and brake system:
Driving engine 1 is the common propulsion source of conventional truck and hydraulic pressure assistive drive and brake system, and it chooses the dynamic property requirement according to car load, selects existing product, and such as maximum output power is the WP12_375NW h type engine h of 295KW.
Power-transfer clutch 2 selects existing product, and structure is the common normally closed diaphragm spring friction clutch being usually used in commercial truck, and such as friction lining diameter is the DS430 type power-transfer clutch of 430mm.
Change speed gear box 4 requires to select existing product according to the gear of vehicle, and such as model is the mechanical transmission of 12JSD180TA.
The power taking mode of power takeoff 3 is directly from the power taking of driving engine 1 end, can choose in existing product; The structure of power takeoff 3 comprises two intermeshing driving and driven gears, driving gear and driven gear are set in input shaft and become to be fixedly connected with on output shaft, power, from input shaft transmission input, through the engaged transmission of driving and driven gear, exports from output shaft transmission.
Axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 and selecting of hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 choose existing product according to the power demand of vehicle, such as discharge capacity is 75ml/r, maximum speed of revolution is high pressure P 90 pump of 3600rpm, and rated pressure is 40MPa, and discharge capacity is the radial plunger piston motor MFE08-0 of 1043ml/r.
Three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10 selects existing product, and its Median Function is H-shaped, entirely connects for four mouthfuls, pump off-load, and maneuverability pattern is that electromagnet is handled, spring reset; According to input electrical signal instruction, its spool position can left and right adjusting to realize commutation function.
The high-voltage ratio by pass valve of electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11 to be range of regulation be 0-40MPa, selects existing product.
H Exch 12 adopts operating temperature to be the water-cooled cooler of 40-60 DEG C, selects existing product.
Safety valve group 14 is made up of the safety valve that two structure models are identical, and safety valve selects the existing product of pressure limiting 40MPa, and the installation site of two safety valves is contrary.
The control method that the mode of operation of hydraulic pressure assistive drive provided by the invention and brake system switches specifically describes as follows:
With reference to figure 5, electronic control unit 8 judges intention and the vehicle running state of chaufeur by gathering vehicle speed signal, the tach signal of driving engine 1, acceleration pedal 18 and brake pedal 19 position signal and hydraulic efficiency pressure system switch key signal, thus actuating spindle is to inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10 spool position, electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11 and driving engine 1 accelerator open degree, realize the conversion between the switch of hydraulic pressure assistive drive and brake system and mode of operation, specifically comprise the following steps:
Step one, gathers vehicle speed signal, acceleration pedal position signal, brake pedal position signal and hydraulic efficiency pressure system on-off signal;
Step 2, judges whether the speed of a motor vehicle is greater than 0, if so, enters step 3; Otherwise illustrate that vehicle enters the end step of step 10 at parked state;
According to the speed of a motor vehicle, acceleration pedal and brake pedal position signal, step 3, judges whether vehicle is braked, if the step 4 of entering; Otherwise enter step 5;
Step 4, vehicle is in braking mode, and hydraulic efficiency pressure system is opened and entered retarder brake mode of operation:
Electronic control unit 8 sends instruction and regulates the spool of three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10 to move to right position, P mouth and B mouth, T mouth and A mouth are connected, adjusting shaft is maximum to the inclination angle of the swash plate of inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, electronic control unit 8 goes out the anti-driving torque size of hydraulic efficiency pressure system according to vehicle speed signal and braking requirement torque calculation simultaneously, instruction is sent to electricity liquid ratio relief valve 11, adjusting shaft, to the oil outlet pressure of inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9, returns step 2;
Step 5, judges whether hydraulic efficiency pressure system switch is on-state, if the step 6 of entering, otherwise enters step 7;
Step 6, chaufeur primer fluid pressing system enters assistive drive mode of operation:
Electronic control unit 8 sends instruction and regulates the spool of three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10 to move to left position, P mouth and A mouth, T mouth and B mouth are connected, axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 is connected with two the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motors 15 be arranged on two front-wheel 7 wheel hubs through safety valve group 14, the required power of hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor 15 of front-wheel is calculated according to the tach signal of driving engine 1 and vehicle speed signal, electronic control unit 8 sends instruction to controllable capacity pump 9, regulate the inclination angle size of its swash plate to be supplied to the suitable propulsive effort of two the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motors 15 be contained on two front-wheel 7 wheel hubs, return step 2,
Step 7, judges whether the speed of a motor vehicle is greater than speed of a motor vehicle setting limit value, if then enter step 8, otherwise enters step 9;
Step 8, the speed of a motor vehicle is greater than speed of a motor vehicle setting limit value, and illustrate that vehicle travels in good road surface, hydraulic closure system, car load is in the independent drive pattern of driving engine.Now electronic control unit 8 sends instruction and regulates the spool of three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 10 to move to meta, and A mouth, B mouth, P mouth, T mouth are connected mutually), axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump 9 and HM Hydraulic Motor 15 are all in idling conditions, return step 2;
Step 9, the speed of a motor vehicle is less than speed of a motor vehicle setting limit value, and illustrate that vehicle travels on bad road surface, hydraulic efficiency pressure system is automatically opened and entered assistive drive mode of operation, namely enters step 6;
Step 10, terminates.
Claims (6)
1. a hydraulic pressure assistive drive and brake system, comprise driving engine (1), power-transfer clutch (2), change speed gear box (4), rear driving axle (5), two trailing wheels (6), two front-wheels (7), acceleration pedal (18), brake pedal (19) and vehicle frame, the crank shaft output shaft (16) of described driving engine (1) adopts spline pair to be connected with the input shaft of power-transfer clutch (2), the output shaft of power-transfer clutch (2) adopts spline pair to be connected with the input shaft of change speed gear box (4), the output shaft of change speed gear box (4) adopts spline pair to be connected with the input shaft of rear driving axle (5), it is characterized in that, also comprise power takeoff (3), axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9), three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve (10), electricity liquid ratio relief valve (11), H Exch (12), safety valve group (14), the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor (15) that 2 structures are identical, oil tank (13) and electronic control unit (8), wherein, the input shaft of described power takeoff (3) adopts spline pair to be connected with the output shaft (17) of engine drive annex, the output shaft of power takeoff (3) is connected by flange with the rotor shaft of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9), axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9) is connected with three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve (10) pipeline, and three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve (10) is connected with safety valve group (14), electricity liquid ratio relief valve (11), oil tank (13) pipeline respectively, the oil inlet pipeline of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor (15) that the oil outlet of safety valve group (14) is identical with 2 structures connects, and the oil outlet of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor (15) that 2 structures are identical is connected with the oil inlet pipeline of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9), the oil outlet of described electricity liquid ratio relief valve (11) is connected with the oil inlet pipeline of H Exch (12), and the oil outlet of H Exch (12) is connected with oil tank (13) pipeline, electronic control unit (8) is connected with driving engine (1), axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9), three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve (10), electricity liquid ratio relief valve (11), acceleration pedal (18) and brake pedal (19) respectively by signal wire (SW).
2. a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive as claimed in claim 1 and brake system, it is characterized in that, the inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9) of described axis is connected with three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve (10) pipeline, three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve (10) respectively with safety valve group (14), electricity liquid ratio relief valve (11), the connection of oil tank (13) pipeline refers to: axially the oil outlet of inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9) is connected by high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints with the P mouth of three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve (10), the A mouth of three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve (10) is connected by high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints with the oil inlet of safety valve group (14), the B mouth of three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve (10) is connected by high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints with the oil inlet of electricity liquid ratio relief valve (11), the T mouth of three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve (10) is connected by the seal for pipe joints of low pressure fluid with oil tank (13).
3. a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive as claimed in claim 1 and brake system, it is characterized in that, the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor (15) that described 2 structures are identical is arranged on the wheel hub of two front-wheels (7) respectively, and axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9) is fixed on vehicle frame; The oil inlet of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor (15) that the oil outlet of described safety valve group (14) is identical with 2 structures is connected by high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints, the oil outlet of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor (15) that 2 structures are identical is connected by high-voltage oil liquid seal for pipe joints with the oil inlet of axial inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9), and the output rotor axle of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor (15) that 2 structures are identical adopts gears meshing to be connected with the semiaxis of two front-wheels (7).
4. a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive as claimed in claim 1 and brake system, it is characterized in that, the oil outlet of described electricity liquid ratio relief valve (11) is connected by the seal for pipe joints of low pressure fluid with the oil inlet of H Exch (12), the oil outlet of H Exch (12) is connected by the seal for pipe joints of low pressure fluid with oil tank (13), and electricity liquid ratio relief valve (11), H Exch (12) and oil tank (13) serial are arranged.
5. a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive as claimed in claim 1 and brake system, is characterized in that, the rated pressure of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor (15) that described 2 structures are identical is 40MPa, and discharge capacity is 1043ml/r; The inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9) of described axis is discharge capacity 75ml/r, high pressure P 90 pump of maximum speed of revolution 3600rpm; The Median Function of described three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve (10) is H-shaped, entirely connects for four mouthfuls; Described electricity liquid ratio relief valve (11) for range of regulation be the high-voltage ratio by pass valve of 0-40MPa; Described H Exch (12) employing operating temperature is the water-cooled cooler of 40-60 DEG C; Described safety valve group (14) is made up of the safety valve that two structure models of pressure limiting 40MPa are identical, and the installation site of two safety valves is contrary.
6., for controlling a control method for a kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive as claimed in claim 1 and brake system, it is characterized in that, specifically comprise the following steps:
Step one, gathers vehicle speed signal, acceleration pedal (18) position signal, brake pedal (19) position signal and hydraulic efficiency pressure system on-off signal;
Step 2, judges whether the speed of a motor vehicle is greater than 0, if so, enters step 3; Otherwise, illustrate that vehicle is at parked state, enters step 10;
According to the speed of a motor vehicle, acceleration pedal (18) and brake pedal (19) position signal, step 3, judges whether vehicle is braked, and if so, enters step 4; Otherwise, enter step 5;
Step 4, vehicle is in braking mode, hydraulic efficiency pressure system is opened and is entered retarder brake mode of operation: electronic control unit (8) sends instruction and regulates the spool of three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve (10) to move to right position, P mouth and B mouth, T mouth, A mouth is connected, adjusting shaft is maximum to the inclination angle of the swash plate of inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9), electronic control unit (8) goes out the anti-driving torque size of hydraulic efficiency pressure system according to vehicle speed signal and braking requirement torque calculation simultaneously, instruction is sent to electricity liquid ratio relief valve (11), adjusting shaft is to the oil outlet pressure of inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9), return step 2,
Step 5, judges whether hydraulic efficiency pressure system switch is on-state, if the step 6 of entering, otherwise enters step 7;
Step 6, chaufeur primer fluid pressing system enters assistive drive mode of operation: electronic control unit (8) sends instruction and regulates the spool of three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve (10) to move to left position, P mouth and A mouth, T mouth and B mouth are connected, axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9) is connected with 2 hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motors (15) through safety valve group (14), the demand power of the hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor (15) of front-wheel is calculated according to the tach signal of driving engine (1) and vehicle speed signal, electronic control unit (8) is to axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9) transmission instruction, regulate the inclination angle size of its swash plate to provide the propulsive effort that hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor (15) is suitable, return step 2,
Step 7, judges whether the speed of a motor vehicle is greater than speed of a motor vehicle setting limit value, if so, then enters step 8; Otherwise, enter step 9;
Step 8, the speed of a motor vehicle is greater than speed of a motor vehicle setting limit value, hydraulic closure system, car load is in the independent drive pattern of driving engine, electronic control unit (8) sends instruction and regulates the spool of three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve (10) to move to meta, A mouth, B mouth, P mouth, T mouth are connected mutually, and axially inclined disc type high pressure controllable capacity pump (9) and hydraulic pressure fixed displacement motor (15) are all in idling conditions, return step 2;
Step 9, the speed of a motor vehicle is less than speed of a motor vehicle setting limit value, and hydraulic efficiency pressure system is automatically opened and entered assistive drive mode of operation, namely enters step 6;
Step 10, terminates.
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| CN201310372925.4A CN103407449B (en) | 2013-08-23 | 2013-08-23 | A kind of hydraulic pressure assistive drive and brake system and control method thereof |
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