CN103399357A - Forecasting method and system for tunnel geology - Google Patents
Forecasting method and system for tunnel geology Download PDFInfo
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- CN103399357A CN103399357A CN2013103327006A CN201310332700A CN103399357A CN 103399357 A CN103399357 A CN 103399357A CN 2013103327006 A CN2013103327006 A CN 2013103327006A CN 201310332700 A CN201310332700 A CN 201310332700A CN 103399357 A CN103399357 A CN 103399357A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forecasting method and a forecasting system for tunnel geology. The method comprises the following steps: surveying the geological condition of the peripheral area of a tunnel; surveying the geology of the tunnel with a seismic reflection method according to the geological condition of the peripheral area of the tunnel; and forecasting the geology according to the surveying result of the seismic reflection method. According to the method and the system, the problem of potential safety hazard existing in tunnel construction since the geological condition of the tunnel cannot be forecasted accurately with a single tunnel geological surveying method is solved, and the practicability of forecasting is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the constructing tunnel field, in particular to a kind of forecasting procedure and system of tunnel geology.
Background technology
In method for tunnel construction, advance geologic prediction is on the basis of Tunnel Design, for guaranteeing safety for tunnel engineering, instruct tunnel construction, improving tunnel unfavorable geology and the work of construction geology disaster advanced prediction that the tunnel construction quality is carried out.Simultaneously, for different geographical environments, the method for the advance geologic prediction that constructing tunnel is used is also different.For example, in the area that has underground river, when wearing underground river under needs while carrying out constructing tunnel, must carry out advance geologic prediction, the situation that may gush gushing water to survey front of tunnel heading, thus the constructing tunnel correct decisions can be instructed, avoid the generation of construction geology disaster.
But in correlation technique, the exploration mode of tunnel geology situation is more single, and geological condition that can't the accurate forecast tunnel, cause constructing tunnel to have potential safety hazard; For the problem of this potential safety hazard, effective solution is proposed not yet at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of forecasting procedure and system of tunnel geology, in order to address the above problem.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of forecasting procedure of tunnel geology, having comprised: the geological condition in exploration tunnel perimeter zone; According to the geological condition in tunnel perimeter zone more, the geology in tunnel is carried out the seismic reflection method exploration; Carry out geologic prediction according to the result of seismic reflection method exploration.
Preferably, above-mentioned geological condition according to the tunnel perimeter zone, carry out the seismic reflection method exploration to the geology in tunnel and comprise:, according to the geological condition in tunnel perimeter zone, choose borehole position, search angle and tuning angle; Carry out the seismic reflection method exploration according to the borehole position of choosing, search angle and tuning angle.
Preferably, above-mentioned result according to seismic reflection method exploration is carried out geologic prediction and is comprised: be suspicious geology section with the following location prediction in the result of seismic reflection method exploration: can cause the 50m that caves in
3Above fault belt position; Can cause water burst speed is 50m
3The above rich water level of/h is put; The poorly plastid position of prominent mud gushing water.
Preferably, above-mentioned result according to the seismic reflection method exploration is carried out geologic prediction and comprised: when the result according to the seismic reflection method exploration is determined to have one of following situation at least, carry out the geologic hazard nowcasting: above-mentioned suspicious geology section exists gushes gushing water; There is landslide in above-mentioned suspicious geology section; There is prominent mud gushing water in above-mentioned suspicious geology section; There is rock burst in above-mentioned suspicious geology section; There is Gas Outburst in suspicious geology section.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of forecast system of tunnel geology, having comprised: the first search equipment, for the geological condition in exploration tunnel perimeter zone; The tunnel seismic survey apparatus, be used for the geological condition according to the tunnel perimeter zone of the first search equipment exploration, and the geology in tunnel is carried out the seismic reflection method exploration; Geologic prediction equipment, be used for carrying out geologic prediction according to the exploration result of tunnel seismic survey apparatus.
Preferably, above-mentioned geologic prediction equipment comprises: suspicious geology section forecast module, being used for the following location prediction of the result of tunnel seismic survey apparatus exploration is suspicious geology section: can cause the 50m that caves in
3Above fault belt position; Can cause water burst speed is 50m
3The above rich water level of/h is put; The poorly plastid position of prominent mud gushing water.
Preferably, above-mentioned geologic prediction equipment comprises: the hazard forecasting judge module is used for judging whether to exist at least one of following situation according to the exploration result of tunnel seismic survey apparatus: above-mentioned suspicious geology section exists gushes gushing water; There is landslide in above-mentioned suspicious geology section; There is prominent mud gushing water in above-mentioned suspicious geology section; There is rock burst in above-mentioned suspicious geology section; There is Gas Outburst in above-mentioned suspicious geology section; The hazard forecasting module, be used for carrying out the geologic hazard nowcasting when judgment result is that of hazard forecasting judge module is.
The present invention, according to the geological condition in tunnel perimeter zone, adopts seismic reflection method to survey, and obtains survey data.Combine the geological condition in tunnel perimeter zone because of this seismic reflection method, the reliability of the survey data that obtains is more intense, the geologic prediction that carries out based on these data is more accurate, and then the tunnel geology investigation method that has solved single mode can't the accurate forecast tunnel geological condition, cause constructing tunnel to have the problem of potential safety hazard, promoted the practicality of forecasting.
Description of drawings
The accompanying drawing that forms the application's a part is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation thereof are used for explaining the present invention, do not form improper restriction of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the forecasting procedure process flow diagram according to the tunnel geology of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the forecast system structured flowchart according to the tunnel geology of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Hereinafter with reference to accompanying drawing, also describe in conjunction with the embodiments the present invention in detail.Need to prove, in the situation that do not conflict, embodiment and the feature in embodiment in the application can make up mutually.
In order to optimize the prospecting technique of tunnel geology, obtain surveying more accurately result, and then, for constructing tunnel provides reliable data, promote the security of constructing tunnel, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of forecasting procedure and system of tunnel geology.
The forecasting procedure process flow diagram of tunnel geology as shown in Figure 1, the method comprises the following steps:
Step S102, the geological condition in exploration tunnel perimeter zone;
Wherein, the geological condition in tunnel perimeter zone can obtain by the geologic examination method, and the size in this tunnel perimeter zone can be chosen according to actual conditions, and the embodiment of the present invention is not done concrete restriction;
Step S104,, according to the geological condition in tunnel perimeter zone, carry out the seismic reflection method exploration to the geology in tunnel;
Step S106, carry out geologic prediction according to the result of above-mentioned seismic reflection method exploration.
The said method of the embodiment of the present invention, according to the geological condition in tunnel perimeter zone, adopts seismic reflection method to survey, and obtains survey data.Combine the geological condition in tunnel perimeter zone because of this seismic reflection method, the reliability of the survey data that obtains is more intense, the geologic prediction that carries out based on these data is more accurate, and then the tunnel geology investigation method that has solved single mode can't the accurate forecast tunnel geological condition, cause constructing tunnel to have the problem of potential safety hazard, promoted the practicality of forecasting.
In order to promote the precision of seismic reflection method exploration, above-mentioned geological condition according to the tunnel perimeter zone, the geology in tunnel is carried out the seismic reflection method exploration can also be comprised:, according to the geological condition in tunnel perimeter zone, choose borehole position, search angle and tuning angle; Carry out the seismic reflection method exploration according to the borehole position of choosing, search angle and tuning angle.
In order to strengthen the security of follow-up construction, above-mentioned steps S106 can comprise: be suspicious geology section with the following location prediction in the result of seismic reflection method exploration: can cause the 50m that caves in
3Above fault belt position; Can cause water burst speed is 50m
3The above rich water level of/h is put; The poorly plastid position of prominent mud gushing water.
Consider the safety issue of construction, in the embodiment of the present invention, above-mentioned forecast can comprise: when the result according to the seismic reflection method exploration is determined to have one of following situation at least, carry out the geologic hazard nowcasting:
1) above-mentioned suspicious geology section exists and gushes gushing water;
2) there is landslide in above-mentioned suspicious geology section;
3) there is prominent mud gushing water in above-mentioned suspicious geology section;
4) there is rock burst in above-mentioned suspicious geology section;
5) there is Gas Outburst in above-mentioned suspicious geology section.
This shows, the geologic prediction method in the above embodiment of the present invention, with the geological condition in tunnel perimeter zone (as, adopt the geologic examination method) be basis, survey and carry out Synthetic Geological Prediction Ahead of Construction in conjunction with seismic reflection method.During the specific implementation said method, the mode that can adopt geologic examination+geophysical prospecting (TSP203) to combine is carried out.
Consider under tunnel the complicacy of wearing underground river geology, below take the tunnel, underground river as example, the detailed process that realizes above-mentioned geologic prediction be described:
The first step:, according to the geologic condition of tunnel tunnel face excavation announcement and the detection event in big gun hole, face is carried out mapping, geology mapping, and analyze, with the trend on definite underground river and the trend of front of tunnel heading fault belt;
This step is macroscopical prediction, namely before instrument is surveyed, can tentatively grasp the about situation of main unfavorable geology of construction tunnel by this step, and follow-up instrument is surveyed the effect of just playing checking and precision.This step can be analyzed the result that obtains and comprise: the character of the main unfavorable geology of the barrel in tunnel, the origin cause of formation and type, particularly can cause the genetic type of the main unfavorable geology of construction geology disaster; The barrel in tunnel main unfavorable geology development characteristics, particularly development degree; About position of the main unfavorable geology of barrel in tunnel; The main unfavorable geology space distribution rule of the barrel in tunnel, orientative feature particularly distributes; The relation of the barrel in tunnel main construction geology disaster, particularly construction geology disaster and main unfavorable geology.
Second step: according to the analysis result of the above-mentioned first step, determine bore position, adopt the long distance measurement of seismic reflection method, with forecast construction many water that can run into or rich water poorly position and the scale of plastid, the Grades of Surrounding Rock of forecast tunnel section, verify rock stratum contact area band and larger Karst Features, the integrality of forecast rock mass and the developmental state of karst and underground water, the possibility that gushing water is gushed in forecast; The distance of long distance measurement is front of tunnel heading 100-150m;
The available result of this step comprises: the fault belt that the general constructing tunnel that forecasts with unerring accuracy runs into etc. causes position and the scale of the poorly plastid that caves in or cave in; Generally can not omit and can cause the 50m that caves in
3Above poorly plastid; The old kiln that the fault crevice water that the general constructing tunnel that forecasts with unerring accuracy runs into, the solution cavity that Karst Tunnel runs into, underground river, karst mud band and gas tunnel may run into, old Kong or other many water or rich water is position and the scale of plastid poorly; Generally can not omit and can cause large water burst (50m
3More than/h), the poorly plastid of even prominent mud gushing water; The Grades of Surrounding Rock (error is less than half grade) of section forecasts with unerring accuracy; And can forecast qualitatively the possibility of the construction geology disasters such as the main unfavorable geology of section caves in, prominent mud gushing water.
In addition, the seismic reflection method in this step can adopt tunnel seismic survey instrument (Tunnel Seismic Prediction, TSP) to survey; And the method for definite bore position is: see a side tunnel side wall laying borehole boring of main unfavorable geology at first; Laying sensor sleeve boring apart from last borehole 15-20m place, and sensor sleeve is holed, and two walls are arranged symmetrically with along tunnel.
Wherein, in the TSP detection process, the accuracy of determining directly to affect result of detection of bore position.Adopt definite method of above-mentioned preferred bore position, can improve the accuracy of anticipation as a result.
The 3rd step: gush the gushing water situation according to result of detection and the face borehole of seismic reflection method, to gushing gushing water in hole, launch monitoring, calculate simultaneously water yield and water burst hydraulic pressure.
Water yield and water burst hydraulic pressure have been determined by this step.Thereby when construction, can carry out the later stage preventive measure according to this situation, for example: the water yield and the water burst hydraulic pressure that calculate according to this step, to may occur in tunnel extensive (high pressure) gush (dash forward) but the Karst area of water, the mud of dashing forward carries out slip casting in advance in advance.
The method of concrete leading pre-slip casting can be in the following ways: grouting hole is being beaten at 5-10m place, gushing water position in the distance forecast, and grouting hole is the umbrella layout from face along excavating direction centered by the tunnel center line.Adopt this mode can produce larger grouting pressure, thus the water burst situation of preventing disasters property more effectively., in order to improve the degree of this effect, more preferably, can make a call to 8 ring grouting holes, and every ring grouting hole spacing is 60cm.
As described above, can determine the trend on underground river and the trend of front of tunnel heading fault belt by the first step in said method, wherein fault belt some plastids poorly of following of underground river normally.Second step is again according to the analysis result of the first step, many water that employing seismic reflection method forecast construction can run into or rich water is position and the scale of plastid poorly, the Grades of Surrounding Rock of forecast tunnel section, verify rock stratum contact area band and larger Karst Features, the integrality of forecast rock mass and the developmental state of karst and underground water, the possibility that gushing water is gushed in forecast.Wherein, the detectable distance of second step is front of tunnel heading 100-150m.On the basis of this long distance measurement, the gushing water that gushes that occurs is detected, calculate water yield and water burst hydraulic pressure, in order to the construction in later period reference.
Hence one can see that, said method takes from far near, definite by reporting for work in advance, by the mode of qualitative to quantitative, realized the purpose that the accurate detection front of tunnel heading gushes gushing water water yield and water burst hydraulic pressure.
Based on above-mentioned forecast, the follow-up appropriate method of can taking is carried out the excavation supporting construction to tunnel.Main construction techniques can comprise: the grouting for water-blocking validity check → forepoling construction → benching tunnelling method excavation → H-shaped steel supporting → sprayed concrete → bottomed → H-shaped steel supporting → shotcrete concrete → inverted arch of getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation seals into ring → next one circulation.
Corresponding to said method, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of forecast system of tunnel geology, and referring to Fig. 2, this system comprises:
The first search equipment 22, for the geological condition in exploration tunnel perimeter zone;
Tunnel seismic survey apparatus 24, be used for the geological condition according to the tunnel perimeter zone of the first search equipment 22 explorations, and the geology in tunnel is carried out the seismic reflection method exploration;
The said system of the embodiment of the present invention, according to the geological condition in tunnel perimeter zone, adopts seismic reflection method to survey, and obtains survey data.Combine the geological condition in tunnel perimeter zone because of this seismic reflection method, the reliability of the survey data that obtains is more intense, the geologic prediction that carries out based on these data is more accurate, and then the tunnel geology investigation method that has solved single mode can't the accurate forecast tunnel geological condition, cause constructing tunnel to have the problem of potential safety hazard, promoted the practicality of forecasting.
Preferably, above-mentioned geologic prediction equipment 26 comprises: suspicious geology section forecast module, being used for the following location prediction of the result of tunnel seismic survey apparatus exploration is suspicious geology section: can cause the 50m that caves in
3Above fault belt position; Can cause water burst speed is 50m
3The above rich water level of/h is put; The poorly plastid position of prominent mud gushing water.
Preferably, above-mentioned geologic prediction equipment 26 comprises: the hazard forecasting judge module is used for judging whether to exist at least one of following situation according to the exploration result of tunnel seismic survey apparatus: above-mentioned suspicious geology section exists gushes gushing water; There is landslide in above-mentioned suspicious geology section; There is prominent mud gushing water in above-mentioned suspicious geology section; There is rock burst in above-mentioned suspicious geology section; There is Gas Outburst in above-mentioned suspicious geology section; The hazard forecasting module, be used for carrying out the geologic hazard nowcasting when judgment result is that of hazard forecasting judge module is.
obviously, those skilled in the art should be understood that, above-mentioned each module of the present invention or each step can realize with general calculation element, they can concentrate on single calculation element, perhaps be distributed on the network that a plurality of calculation elements form, alternatively, they can be realized with the executable program code of calculation element, thereby, they can be stored in memory storage and be carried out by calculation element, and in some cases, can carry out step shown or that describe with the order that is different from herein, perhaps they are made into respectively each integrated circuit modules, perhaps a plurality of modules in them or step being made into the single integrated circuit module realizes.Like this, the present invention is not restricted to any specific hardware and software combination.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the forecasting procedure of a tunnel geology, is characterized in that, comprising:
The geological condition in exploration tunnel perimeter zone;
According to the geological condition in described tunnel perimeter zone, the geology in described tunnel is carried out the seismic reflection method exploration;
Carry out geologic prediction according to the result of described seismic reflection method exploration.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that,, according to the geological condition in described tunnel perimeter zone, the geology in described tunnel carried out the seismic reflection method exploration comprise:
, according to the geological condition in tunnel perimeter zone, choose borehole position, search angle and tuning angle;
Carry out the seismic reflection method exploration according to described borehole position, search angle and the tuning angle chosen.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, carries out geologic prediction according to the result of described seismic reflection method exploration and comprise:
Be suspicious geology section with the following location prediction in the result of described seismic reflection method exploration:
Can cause the 50m that caves in
3Above fault belt position;
Can cause water burst speed is 50m
3The above rich water level of/h is put;
The poorly plastid position of prominent mud gushing water.
4. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, carries out geologic prediction according to the result of described seismic reflection method exploration and comprise:
When the result according to described seismic reflection method exploration is determined to have one of following situation at least, carry out the geologic hazard nowcasting:
Described suspicious geology section exists gushes gushing water;
There is landslide in described suspicious geology section;
There is prominent mud gushing water in described suspicious geology section;
There is rock burst in described suspicious geology section;
There is Gas Outburst in described suspicious geology section.
5. the forecast system of a tunnel geology, is characterized in that, comprising:
The first search equipment, for the geological condition in exploration tunnel perimeter zone;
The tunnel seismic survey apparatus, be used for the geological condition according to the described tunnel perimeter zone of described the first search equipment exploration, and the geology in described tunnel is carried out the seismic reflection method exploration;
Geologic prediction equipment, be used for carrying out geologic prediction according to the exploration result of described tunnel seismic survey apparatus.
6. system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described geologic prediction equipment comprises:
Suspicious geology section forecast module, being used for the following location prediction of the result of described tunnel seismic survey apparatus exploration is suspicious geology section:
Can cause the 50m that caves in
3Above fault belt position;
Can cause water burst speed is 50m
3The above rich water level of/h is put;
The poorly plastid position of prominent mud gushing water.
7. system according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described geologic prediction equipment comprises:
The hazard forecasting judge module is used for judging whether to exist at least one of following situation according to the exploration result of described tunnel seismic survey apparatus: described suspicious geology section exists gushes gushing water; There is landslide in described suspicious geology section; There is prominent mud gushing water in described suspicious geology section; There is rock burst in described suspicious geology section; There is Gas Outburst in described suspicious geology section;
The hazard forecasting module, be used for carrying out the geologic hazard nowcasting when judgment result is that of described hazard forecasting judge module is.
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