CN103399273B - The real sea situation method of testing of wave energy apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses the real sea situation method of testing of a kind of wave energy apparatus, utilize wave energy apparatus to lay marine site to head sea the wave observation instrument that direction is arranged, the wave situation of monitoring wave energy apparatus working sea area, utilize the electrical power monitoring instrument that wave energy apparatus power output end is arranged simultaneously, measure wave energy apparatus electric power data, to the wave obtained and electric power data analysis, divide power characteristic analystal section, calculate wave and the electric power data of each power characteristic analystal section representative data point, matching rating of set family curve, coupling apparatus lays the wave historical data in marine site, estimation wave energy apparatus annual electricity generating capacity, calculate wave energy apparatus average energy output efficiency.Assessment cycle of the present invention is short, cost is low, can be technical research and improvement provides scientific basis.

Description

The real sea situation method of testing of wave energy apparatus

Technical field

The present invention relates to Ocean Surveying technology, relate generally to the on-the-spot test method of wave energy apparatus index parameter.

Background technology

Wave energy apparatus captures the energy of ocean Wave, and being translated into electric energy and exporting, is a kind of renewable energy technologies of new green environment protection.The power out-put characteristic of wave energy apparatus, annual electricity generating capacity and generating efficiency are the core technology indexs realized in industrialization process, in the utilization and extention of wave energy exploitation, have vital role.But, Wave energy randomness under real sea situation is extremely strong, the energy density season-year change in same marine site is larger, the form of wave energy apparatus is varied again, the capturing and export equal instability of its energy, this adds larger difficulty with regard to giving the test of above-mentioned three indexs, it is also proposed higher requirement to method of testing.At present, both at home and abroad also not for the ripe complete method of testing of three indexs of wave energy apparatus power out-put characteristic, annual electricity generating capacity and generating efficiency under real sea situation, particularly blank especially in short-term test and appraisal procedure.

Summary of the invention

Wave energy apparatus core index for prior art does not also have complete method of testing under real sea situation, the present invention releases the real sea situation method of testing of wave energy apparatus, the wave observation instrument that the direction of heading sea utilizing wave energy apparatus to lay marine site is arranged, the wave situation of monitoring wave energy apparatus working sea area, utilize the electric power tester that wave energy apparatus power output end connects simultaneously, the electric power output parameter of monitoring device, and coupling apparatus lays the wave historical data in marine site, to the wave obtained during monitoring and electric power data analysis, thus realize wave energy apparatus power out-put characteristic, the test and evaluation of annual electricity generating capacity and generating efficiency.

The real sea situation method of testing of the wave energy apparatus that the present invention relates to, technical step comprises: acquisition wave and electric power output test data, divide power characteristic analystal section, calculate each power characteristic analystal section representative data point, matching rating of set family curve, acquisition device lays marine site wave historical data, and estimation wave energy apparatus annual electricity generating capacity, calculates wave energy apparatus average energy output efficiency.

S1, acquisition wave and electric power output test data

The direction of heading sea laying marine site at wave energy apparatus lays wave observation instrument, obtain this marine site wave wave height and period of wave data; Electrical power monitoring instrument is set at wave energy apparatus power output end simultaneously, measures electric power data.Wave Data test and electric power are tested and are synchronously carried out, every 30 minutes from wave observation instrument obtain a wave height and period of wave data, simultaneously obtain average electrical power data from electrical power monitoring instrument, each wave height of obtaining and period of wave data and its average electrical power data one_to_one corresponding simultaneously obtained.The wave height value simultaneously obtained, the value period of wave average electrical power value corresponding with it form a data point.

S2, division power characteristic analystal section

The data point of the wave obtain S1 and average electrical power data composition carries out grouping and Partition Analysis is interval.According to each data point comprise wave height value size divide into groups, be divided into the data point often organized, all meet its wave height value comprised to be more than or equal to a certain wave height value, and be less than the data point of another wave height value, wave height value as lower limit is defined as the starting point of group, and the wave height value as the upper limit is defined as the terminal of group.The object of grouping carries out power characteristic analysis to tested wave energy apparatus, the group called after analystal section that divides.The starting point of group of dividing and terminal, be starting point and the terminal of analystal section, the difference definition of each analystal section threshold value and end point values is the interval width of this analystal section.The all analystal sections divided join end to end, interval with between interval without overlapping, and ensure all data points all can and only can be divided in an interval divided.

Except above-mentioned basic demand, when analystal section divides, two class regions are also divided to consider:

First kind region is the nominal operation wave height region of device.The wave environment that the design of each wave energy apparatus is all directed to this device work the most applicable designs, wherein of paramount importance design information is " this device working condition when wave height value is greater than a certain value and is less than a certain value is the most normal ", and the wave height value scope of this " working condition is the most normal " is namely defined as the nominal operation wave height region of this device.This region is the key area of testing and analyzing wave energy apparatus power characteristic, directly determines the accuracy of power characteristic analysis and the precision of annual electricity generating capacity estimation.

The analystal section width in first kind region gets 0.2 meter, ensures to be no less than 10 data points and to fall into each analystal section.Data point as fallen into certain analystal section is less than 10, then can expand this analystal section width, and to increase the data point number fallen in analystal section, but analystal section width should be not more than 0.4 meter.

Equations of The Second Kind region is the close region of device work.Namely apparatus design be greater than nominal operation wave height region higher limit or be less than nominal operation wave height region lower limit wave conditions under, wave energy apparatus also can maintenance work.Then to be greater than the wave height value of the device nominal operation wave height region upper limit, and to be less than or equal to device in test process can the maximum wave height value of maintenance work be two end points, and the region between two-end-point is the upper close region of device work; To be less than the wave height value of device nominal operation wave height region lower limit, and to be more than or equal to device in test process can the minimum wave height value of maintenance work be two end points, and the region between two-end-point is the lower close region of device work.Upper and lower two close regions are referred to as the close region of device work.

The analystal section width of close region is generally taken as 0.3 or 0.5 meter, and ensure and be no less than 10 data points and fall into each analystal section, data point as fallen into certain analystal section is less than 10, then can expand analystal section width, to increase the data point number fallen in interval, analystal section width is maximum can to 1 meter.

S3, calculate each power characteristic analystal section representative data point

By the wave height value of total data point in each analystal section, period of wave value and electric power value calculate its arithmetic mean respectively, be made up of the representative data point in this interval the arithmetic mean of the wave height of each analystal section calculated, period of wave and electric power, the wave height value of representative data point, period of wave value and electric power value be and represent wave height value, represent value and represent electric power value period of wave.

S4, matching device characteristics of output power curve

Numerical fitting is carried out to the data value of each interval representative data point obtained.Utilize three least square methods to the representative wave height value of representative data point with represent electric power value and carry out numerical fitting, obtain the power characteristic of wave energy apparatus power stage.

S5, acquisition device lay marine site wave historical data

Obtain wave energy apparatus and lay the wave height historical data in marine site, within more than 1 year, complete wave height data are the best.If cannot obtain, the wave height data that a year is quarterly no less than two weeks four seasons at least should be obtained.

S6, estimation wave energy apparatus annual electricity generating capacity

Utilize the representative wave height of the representative data point calculating acquisition and represent electric power value, in conjunction with the annual electricity generating capacity of the historical data estimating device of local wave height, annual generating dutation calculated by 8760 hours.Following formula is utilized to estimate the annual electricity generating capacity of wave energy apparatus.

$AEP=h_{AE}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}\frac{a_i}{N}\×p_i$

In formula: AEP is annual electricity generating capacity;

H _aEfor year generating dutation, it is 8760 hours;

N is the analystal section number divided;

N is the history wave height data amount check of this marine site or the surrounding waters obtained;

A _ithe number of i-th analystal section is fallen in history wave height data for acquisition;

P _iit is the representative electric power value that i-th analystal section is corresponding.

S7, calculating wave energy apparatus average energy output efficiency

Wave energy apparatus average energy output efficiency is the arithmetic mean respectively representing Energy transmission efficiency of each power characteristic analystal section.

The average energy output efficiency of wave energy apparatus calculated by following formula:

$\stackrel{\‾}{\mathrm{\η}}=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}\frac{{\mathrm{\η}}_i}{n}$

η _ibe the representative Energy transmission efficiency of i-th analystal section wave energy apparatus, calculated by following formula:

${\mathrm{\η}}_i=\frac{P_{ai}}{P_{bi}}$

In formula:

η _ibe the representative Energy transmission efficiency of i-th analystal section wave energy apparatus;

Pa _ibe that i-th analystal section represents electric power value, Pa _ibe p in S7 _i;

Pb _ibe the wave energy power that i-th analystal section is corresponding, the wave energy power that the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) front end representing wave height value calculating acquisition by i-th analystal section is captured.

Wave energy power P b _icalculated by following formula:

P _bi＝SL

In formula:

P _bibe the wave energy power that i-th analystal section is corresponding,

S is the average power density that wave energy apparatus lays marine site,

L is that the energy capture device of wave energy apparatus is perpendicular to the projected length of heading sea on direction.

Wave energy average power density is calculated by following formula:

$S=\frac{{\mathrm{\ρg}}^2}{64\mathrm{\π}}{H}_{1/3}^2\stackrel{\‾}{T}$

In formula:

H _1/3for representing wave height value, for representing value period of wave, ρ is density of sea water, and g is acceleration of gravity, and π is circular constant.

The present invention is based on the real sea situation observation of short-term, assess the core technology index of wave energy apparatus, appraisal procedure has reliable theoretical foundation, and assessment cycle is short, assessed cost is low, can be the project acceptance inspection, technical research and improvement and Technology Selection provides science reference frame.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is wave energy apparatus of the present invention real sea situation method of testing process flow diagram,

Fig. 2 is characteristics of output power curve under the real sea situation of certain maritime wave energy device.

Description of symbols in figure:

S1, acquisition wave and electric power output test data

S2, division power characteristic analystal section

S3, calculate each power characteristic analystal section representative data point

S4, matching device characteristics of output power curve

S5, acquisition device lay marine site wave historical data

S6, estimation wave energy apparatus annual electricity generating capacity

S7, calculating wave energy apparatus average energy output efficiency

Embodiment

In conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments technical scheme of the present invention is further described.Fig. 1 shows the basic procedure of the real sea situation method of testing of wave energy apparatus of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is characteristics of output power curve under the real sea situation of certain maritime wave energy device.

According to the real sea situation method of testing of the wave energy apparatus shown in Fig. 1, test output power under the real sea situation of certain maritime wave energy device, table 1 is Measurement and Computation data.Concrete testing procedure comprises:

S1, acquisition wave and electric power output test data

Near certain maritime wave energy power station, wave energy apparatus is head sea on direction and is laid wave observation instrument, arranges electrical power monitoring instrument, carry out wave observation and electric power at wave energy apparatus power output end.Within every 30 minutes, obtain data, Wave Data test test with electric power and is synchronously carried out, and acquisition in every 30 minutes 1 group of wave height, period of wave and average electrical power data, obtain 283 groups of data altogether, and acquisition wave height data area is 0 ~ 1.65 meter.

S2, division power characteristic analystal section

The nominal operation wave height of wave energy apparatus design objective is 0.6 ~ 1.9 meter, according to nominal operation wave height, the data that S1 obtains is divided into two classes, divides some analystal sections.Be less than that 0.6 metric wave is high belongs to close region, the analystal section width in this region gets 0.3 meter; 0.6 ~ 1.8 metric wave height is nominal operation wave zone, and the analystal section width in this region gets 0.2 meter.Detect whole 283 data that test obtains, the master data record point falling into close region is 55, and the master data record point falling into nominal operation wave zone is 228.

S3, calculate each power characteristic analystal section representative data point

Statistics fall into each analystal section data point wave height value, period of wave value and electric power value, calculate its arithmetic mean respectively, calculate the representative wave height value of each analystal section representative data point, represent value and represent electric power value (see table 1) period of wave.

S4, matching rating of set family curve

Represent wave height and represent the representative data point that electric output power forms this interval, more accurately can reflect the electric power output characteristics under corresponding wave height.Utilize three least square methods to carry out numerical fitting to representative data point, draw wave energy apparatus power out-put characteristic curve, the power of the power stage of obtaining means.

S5, acquisition device lay marine site wave historical data

Acquisition device lay marine site oceanographic station 1 year wave height quarterly and period of wave historical data.

S6, estimation wave energy apparatus annual electricity generating capacity

Utilize wave energy annual electricity generating capacity estimation equation

$AEP=h_{AE}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}\frac{a_i}{N}\×p_i$

Wherein, year generating dutation h _aE=8760 hours; Participate in the analystal section number n=5 calculated; History wave height data amount check N=692; Fall into the history wave height number of each analystal section: a1=110, a2=370, a3=92, a4=70, a5=50; The interval corresponding representative output power p1=0.16 of each wave height, p2=2.16, p3=2.76, p4=3.34, p5=5.88, unit is kilowatt; The annual electricity generating capacity finally calculating this wave energy apparatus is about 40,000 degree.

S7, calculating wave energy apparatus average energy output efficiency

26.25% is about according to the average energy output efficiency that each interval Energy transmission efficiency (see table 1) calculated calculates device.

The each interval of table 1 represents wave height and represents output power tables of data

Claims (4)

1. the real sea situation method of testing of wave energy apparatus, it is characterized in that, technical step comprises: acquisition wave and electric power output test data, divide power characteristic analystal section, calculate each power characteristic analystal section representative data point, matching rating of set family curve, acquisition device lays marine site wave historical data, estimation wave energy apparatus annual electricity generating capacity, calculates wave energy apparatus average energy output efficiency;

Described acquisition wave and electric power output test data, every 30 minutes from wave observation instrument obtain a wave wave height and period of wave data, simultaneously obtain average electrical power data from electrical power monitoring instrument, the wave height value simultaneously obtained, the value period of wave average electrical power value corresponding with it form a data point;

Described division power characteristic analystal section, the data point Partition Analysis Wave Data obtained and average electrical power data formed is interval; The size of wave height value is comprised according to each data point, data point is subdivided into different analystal sections, the data point being divided into each analystal section is all meet its wave height value comprised to be more than or equal to a certain wave height value, and being less than the data point of another wave height value, each analystal section has and is no less than 10 data points and falls into; The all analystal sections divided join end to end, interval with between interval without overlapping, and ensure all data points all can and only can be divided in an interval divided.

2. the real sea situation method of testing of wave energy apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described calculating each power characteristic analystal section representative data point, be by the wave height value of total data point in each analystal section, period of wave value and electric power value calculate its arithmetic mean respectively, be made up of the representative data point in this interval the arithmetic mean of the wave height of each analystal section calculated, period of wave and electric power, the wave height value of representative data point, period of wave value and electric power value be and represent wave height value, represent value and represent electric power value period of wave.

3. the real sea situation method of testing of wave energy apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described estimation wave energy apparatus annual electricity generating capacity, utilize the representative data point calculating and obtain, in conjunction with the annual electricity generating capacity of the historical data estimating device of local wave height, following formula is utilized to estimate the annual electricity generating capacity of device

$AEP=h_{AE}\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}\frac{a_i}{N}\×p_i$

Wherein, AEP is annual electricity generating capacity,

H _aEfor year generating dutation, be 8760 hours,

N is the analystal section number divided,

N is the history wave height data amount check of this marine site or the surrounding waters obtained,

A _ithe number of i-th analystal section is fallen in history wave height data for acquisition,

P _iit is the representative electric power value that i-th analystal section is corresponding.

4. the real sea situation method of testing of wave energy apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described calculating wave energy apparatus average energy output efficiency is the arithmetic mean respectively representing Energy transmission efficiency of each power characteristic analystal section,

The average energy output efficiency of wave energy apparatus calculated by following formula:

$\stackrel{\‾}{\mathrm{\η}}=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}\frac{{\mathrm{\η}}_i}{n}$

η _ibe the representative Energy transmission efficiency of i-th analystal section wave energy apparatus, calculated by following formula:

${\mathrm{\η}}_i=\frac{P_{ai}}{P_{bi}}$

In formula:

η _ibe the representative Energy transmission efficiency of i-th analystal section wave energy apparatus;

Pa _ibe that i-th analystal section represents electric power value;

Pb _ibe the wave energy power that i-th analystal section is corresponding, the wave energy power that the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) front end representing wave height value calculating acquisition by i-th analystal section is captured;

Wave energy power P b _icalculated by following formula:

P _bi＝SL

In formula:

S is the average power density that wave energy apparatus lays marine site,

L is that the energy capture device of wave energy apparatus is perpendicular to the projected length of heading sea on direction;

Wave energy average power density is calculated by following formula:

$S=\frac{{\mathrm{\ρg}}^2}{64\mathrm{\π}}{H}_{1/3}^2\stackrel{\‾}{T}$

In formula:

H _1/3for representing wave height value, for representing value period of wave, ρ is density of sea water, and g is acceleration of gravity, and π is circular constant.