CN103395009B - Ceramic hollow sphere multi-layer brazed diamond block and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Ceramic hollow sphere multi-layer brazed diamond block and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103395009B CN103395009B CN201310284155.8A CN201310284155A CN103395009B CN 103395009 B CN103395009 B CN 103395009B CN 201310284155 A CN201310284155 A CN 201310284155A CN 103395009 B CN103395009 B CN 103395009B
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Abstract
A ceramic hollow sphere multi-layer brazed diamond block is characterized in that the diamond block comprises, by mass, 12-20% of diamond abrasive particles, 2-4% of nickel plating graphite particles, 7-20% of ceramic hollow spheres, and the balance nickel base alloy comprising chromium, and the melting point of the nickel base alloy comprising chromium is lower than 1000 DEG C. Compared with a traditional sintered diamond tool, the ceramic hollow sphere multi-layer brazed diamond block has the advantages that due to the adoption of the brazing method with active filler metal Ni-Cr-Cu-B-Si or Ni-Cr-P used, chromium carbide is formed at the interface of diamond, and holding strength of the diamond is greatly improved; the nickel plating ceramic hollow spheres are added and the nickel plating enables chemical metallurgical bonding to be achieved between the ceramic hollow spheres and the brazing filler metal, therefore, requirements of a grinding wheel on the gas hole ratio are met, and gas holes are spherical; the adding of the ceramic hollow spheres enables the diamond block to have certain brittleness, and self-sharpening of the diamond block is facilitated; the added graphite can improve lubricity and reduce heat injury of the diamond; due to the fact that copper is added to Ni-Cr-B-Si, the heat injury of the diamond is further reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to super hard abrasive instrument and manufacture field, relate to a kind of manufacturing technology of ceramic hollow ball multi-layered brazing diamond block.
Background technology
Along with the development of science and technology, preliminary working, the high-efficiency high-accuracy processing of the hard brittle materials such as pottery, silicon materials, optical glass are more and more, and cutting, the grinding of above-mentioned material often adopt diamond tool.At present, diamond tool is mainly by manufacture technics such as sintering, plating, but sintering, plating diamond tool are lower because diamond abrasive grain holds intensity, often occur the phenomenon of Grain Falling Off.In recent years, domestic and international employing Ni-Cr-B-Si, Ag-Cu-Ti solder brazing technology make diamond and metallic matrix improved by spread, dissolve, combination reaction etc. both bonding strength, soldering mono-layer diamond tool have abrasive hardness high, hold intensity high, abrasive material exposure is high, working (machining) efficiency advantages of higher, therefore brazed diamond tool to some extent solves the shortcoming of plating diamond tool, but brazed diamond tool only has individual layer abrasive material, be therefore subject to its service life limiting.In addition, brazing process often causes the fire damage that diamond is larger.
Although conventional sintering metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding wheel is multi-player super-hard material product, be mostly compact-type, in emery wheel, grit protrusion is difficult, therefore often adopts the way weakened carcass to improve sword rate, but cause abrasive particle to hold the decline of intensity, easily come off.In addition, the shaping of instrument and dressing difficulty is usually caused at the beginning of using and after wearing and tearing.Adopt Ni-Cr-B-Si alloy to manufacture multi-layered brazing skive, though be conducive to improving adamantine holding intensity, the high strength of Ni-Cr-B-Si alloy, high rigidity, make it go out sword more difficult.Domestic and international trial exploitation porous metal binding agent emery wheel, the pore creating material used mainly contains inorganic compound, solubility salt, as urea, carbonic hydroammonium, sodium chloride, sodium carbonate etc., wherein carbonic hydroammonium, urea etc. produce hole by the volatilization of gas in hot pressed sintering process, compressed with the space prevented, be difficult to the intensity improving emery wheel; And the solubility salts substances such as sodium chloride are when making pore creating material, its emery wheel goods prepared easily absorb water and affect quality.The pore structure of porous bonding agent is incorporated in metallic bond and goes by this kind of emery wheel, by finding this porous metal binding agent emery wheel manufacturing process, porosity controlling research, substantially improve the drawback that conventional metals bonding agent abrasive particle not easily goes out sword, finishing difficulty, reduce the clogging in wheel grinding processing.But because the pore structure in emery wheel reduces the holding intensity of metallic bond to abrasive particle, the intensity of joint block itself also declines, and causes abrasive particle work in-process easily to come off inefficacy, useful life reduction.
Summary of the invention
The present invention want technical solution problem to be, realizing diamond height at Ni-Cr-B-Si alloy brazed diamond holds on intensity basis, ceramic hollow ball is introduced in multi-layered brazing diamond tool, realize high, the larger chip space of diamond exposure, higher holding intensity; But Ni-Cr-B-Si alloy is to ceramic hollow ball, its wetability is poor, takes to carry out chemical nickel plating to ceramic hollow ball, after surface metalation, then the ceramic hollow ball multi-layered brazing diamond block that the way of carrying out multi-layered brazing is made.In addition, first consider that Cu and Ni element infinitely dissolves each other in liquid state, next is non-catalyst element for diamond, and the plasticity of last Cu is better, therefore in Ni-Cr-B-Si, adds 3-6%(wt) Cu, be conducive to reducing adamantine fire damage.Add a certain amount of graphite can reduce adamantine fire damage and increase lubricity.
In order to solve the problem by the following technical solutions: a kind of ceramic hollow ball multi-layered brazing diamond block, it is characterized in that, be prepared from according to mass percentage content by following raw material: the diamond abrasive grain of 12%-20%, the Ni-coated graphite particle of 2-4%, the ceramic hollow ball of 7-20%, surplus is the nickel-base alloy containing Cr, containing the fusing point of the nickel-base alloy of Cr lower than 1000 DEG C.
Described diamond abrasive grain particle diameter is 100-300 μm; Ni-coated graphite grain diameter is 30-50 μm; Ceramic hollow ball is aluminium oxide or zirconia particles, and particle diameter is 100-120 μm; Nickel-base alloy containing Cr is Ni-Cr-Cu-B-Si or Ni-Cr-P, and particle diameter is 20-50 μm.
Described ceramic hollow ball chemical nickel plating on surface, nickel layer thickness is 20 ~ 80 μm.
Described contains Cr content >12wt% in the nickel-base alloy of Cr.
Preparation method is as follows:
(1) using ceramic hollow ball chemical nickel plating as pore forming material, with diamond abrasive grain, carry out mechanical mixture containing the nickel-base alloy of Cr, Ni-coated graphite particle, add polyvinyl alcohol, and be pressed into joint block;
(2) by above-mentioned joint block at heating-up temperature 900-1060 DEG C, temperature retention time 10-30min, be 10 in vacuum
-2the soldering of heating high-temperature liquid-phase is carried out in the vacuum drying oven of Pa, impel diamond abrasive grain, Ni-coated graphite particle, between ceramic hollow ball and the nickel-base alloy containing Cr, respectively enhanced primary treatment occur, make the ceramic hollow ball multi-layered brazing skive with high porosity and high-strength characteristic.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: first, compared with conventional sintering diamond tool, owing to have employed the method for active solder Ni-Cr-Cu-B-Si or Ni-Cr-P soldering, the carbide of Cr is formed at diamond interface place, it holds intensity and significantly improves, and next adds the ceramic hollow ball of nickel plating, and nickel plating makes also to form enhanced primary treatment between ceramic hollow ball and solder, not only meet the requirement of emery wheel to the porosity, and pore is spherical.In addition, adding of ceramic hollow ball, make joint block have certain fragility, be conducive to the self-sharpening saving block.The graphite added can increase lubricity and reduce adamantine fire damage, adds Cu and be conducive to reducing adamantine fire damage in Ni-Cr-B-Si.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1: a kind of ceramic hollow ball multi-layered brazing diamond block, is prepared from according to mass percentage content by following raw material: select 18% diamond abrasive grain, particle diameter is approximately 260-350 μm; The Ni-coated graphite particle of 2.5%, its particle diameter is 30-50 μm; The aluminium oxide ceramics hollow ball of 10%, diameter is 100-120 μm, chemical nickel plating on surface, thick 50 μm; Surplus is Ni-Cr-Cu-B-Si alloy powder, and the content of its component is: 1.6%B, 3.2%Si, 16%Cr, 4%Cu, and surplus is Ni.Above-mentioned powder is mixed, then described mixed-powder is added 5%(wt) polyvinyl alcohol, load cold-press moulding in a mold by certain mass, powder forming pressure is 15-20MPa, pressurize 3min, and joint block size is according to the requirement determination size of emery wheel.
It is 10 that above-mentioned joint block is put into vacuum
-2the soldering of heating high-temperature liquid-phase is carried out in the vacuum drying oven of Pa, at 1050 DEG C of temperature retention time 10min, then cool with stove, to less than 100 DEG C taking-ups, in brazing process diamond abrasive grain, graphite granule, there is enhanced primary treatment respectively between aluminium oxide ceramics hollow spheres and Ni-Cr-Cu-B-Si solder, make and there is the ceramic hollow ball multi-layered brazing diamond block of high porosity and high-strength characteristic.
Embodiment 2: a kind of ceramic hollow ball multi-layered brazing diamond block, be prepared from according to mass percentage content by following raw material: select 15% diamond abrasive grain, particle diameter is approximately 200-360 μm, the Ni-coated graphite particle of 3%, its particle diameter is 30-50 μm, the aluminium oxide ceramics hollow ball of 15%, and diameter is 100-120 μm, chemical nickel plating on surface, thick 50 μm; Surplus is Ni-Cr-Cu-B-Si alloy, and the content of its component is: 3.6%B, 4.2%Si, 16%Cr, 3%Cu, and surplus is Ni.Above-mentioned powder is mixed, then described mixed-powder is added 3%(wt) polyvinyl alcohol, load cold-press moulding in a mold by certain mass, powder forming pressure is 20-25MPa, pressurize 3min, and joint block size is according to the requirement determination size of emery wheel.
It is 10 that above-mentioned joint block is put into vacuum
-2the soldering of heating high-temperature liquid-phase is carried out in the vacuum drying oven of Pa, at 1050 DEG C of insulation 8min, then cool with stove, to less than 100 DEG C taking-ups, at holding stage diamond abrasive grain, graphite granule, between aluminium oxide ceramics hollow spheres and Ni-Cr-Cu-B-Si solder, there is enhanced primary treatment respectively, make the ceramic hollow ball multi-layered brazing diamond block with high porosity and high-strength characteristic.
Embodiment 3: a kind of ceramic hollow ball multi-layered brazing diamond block, be prepared from according to mass percentage content by following raw material: select 16% diamond abrasive grain, particle diameter is approximately 200-320 μm, the Ni-coated graphite particle of 3.5%, its particle diameter is 30-50 μm, the aluminium oxide ceramics hollow ball of 17%, and diameter is 100-120 μm, chemical nickel plating on surface, thick 45 μm; Surplus is Ni-Cr-P alloy, and the content of its component is: 15(wt) %Cr, 10(wt) %P, 0.01(wt) %B, surplus is Ni.Mixed by above-mentioned powder, then described mixed-powder is loaded cold-press moulding in a mold by certain mass, powder forming pressure is 25-30MPa, pressurize 3min, and joint block size is according to the requirement determination size of emery wheel.
By above-mentioned joint block at temperature 980 DEG C insulation 10min, be 10 in vacuum
-2the soldering of heating high-temperature liquid-phase is carried out in the vacuum drying oven of Pa, then cool with stove, to less than 100 DEG C taking-ups, high temperature brazing impels diamond abrasive grain, graphite granule, respectively enhanced primary treatment occurs between aluminium oxide ceramics hollow spheres and Ni-Cr-P solder, makes the ceramic hollow ball multi-layered brazing diamond block with high porosity and high-strength characteristic.
Embodiment 4: a kind of ceramic hollow ball multi-layered brazing diamond block, is prepared from according to mass percentage content by following raw material: the diamond abrasive grain of 12%-20%, the Ni-coated graphite particle of 2-4%, the ceramic hollow ball of 7-20%, surplus is the nickel-base alloy containing Cr.Its fusing point is lower than 1000 DEG C.
Embodiment 5: a kind of ceramic hollow ball multi-layered brazing diamond block, is prepared from according to mass percentage content by following raw material: the diamond abrasive grain of 12%-20%, the Ni-coated graphite particle of 2-4%, the ceramic hollow ball of 7-20%, surplus is the nickel-base alloy containing Cr.Its fusing point is lower than 1000 DEG C.
Wherein, diamond abrasive grain particle diameter is 100-300 μm; Ni-coated graphite grain diameter is 30-50 μm; Ceramic hollow ball is aluminium oxide or zirconia particles, and particle diameter is 100-120 μm, ceramic hollow ball chemical nickel plating on surface, thick 20 ~ 80 μm; Nickel-base alloy containing Cr is Ni-Cr-Cu-B-Si or Ni-Cr-P, and particle diameter is 20-50 μm, Cr content >12wt%.
Embodiment 6: a kind of preparation method of ceramic hollow ball multi-layered brazing diamond block, (1) using ceramic hollow ball chemical nickel plating as pore forming material, with diamond abrasive grain, carry out mechanical mixture containing the nickel-base alloy of Cr, Ni-coated graphite particle, add 2%(wt) polyvinyl alcohol, described 2% is 2% of mixed-powder gross mass.And be pressed into joint block;
(2) by above-mentioned joint block at heating-up temperature 900-1060 DEG C, temperature retention time 10-30min, be 10 in vacuum
-2the soldering of heating high-temperature liquid-phase is carried out in the vacuum drying oven of Pa, impel diamond abrasive grain, Ni-coated graphite particle, between ceramic hollow ball and the nickel-base alloy containing Cr, respectively enhanced primary treatment occur, make the ceramic hollow ball multi-layered brazing skive with high porosity and high-strength characteristic.
Other are with embodiment 5.
Claims (1)
1. a ceramic hollow ball multi-layered brazing diamond block, it is characterized in that, be prepared from according to mass percentage content by following raw material: the diamond abrasive grain of 12%-20%, the Ni-coated graphite particle of 2-4%, the ceramic hollow ball of 7-20%, surplus is the nickel-base alloy containing Cr, containing the fusing point of the nickel-base alloy of Cr lower than 1000 DEG C;
Wherein, diamond abrasive grain particle diameter is 100-300 μm; Ni-coated graphite grain diameter is 30-50 μm; Ceramic hollow ball is aluminium oxide or zirconia particles, and particle diameter is 100-120 μm; Nickel-base alloy containing Cr is Ni-Cr-Cu-B-Si or Ni-Cr-P, and particle diameter is 20-50 μm.
2. ceramic hollow ball multi-layered brazing diamond block according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described ceramic hollow ball chemical nickel plating on surface, nickel layer thickness is 20 ~ 80 μm.
3. ceramic hollow ball multi-layered brazing diamond block according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described contains Cr content >12wt% in the nickel-base alloy of Cr.
4. a ceramic hollow ball multi-layered brazing diamond block preparation method, it is characterized in that: (1) using ceramic hollow ball chemical nickel plating as pore forming material, with diamond abrasive grain, carry out mechanical mixture containing the nickel-base alloy of Cr, Ni-coated graphite particle, add polyvinyl alcohol, and be pressed into joint block;
(2) by above-mentioned joint block at heating-up temperature 900-1060 DEG C, temperature retention time 10-30min, the soldering of heating high-temperature liquid-phase is carried out in the vacuum drying oven that vacuum is 10-2Pa, impel diamond abrasive grain, Ni-coated graphite particle, between ceramic hollow ball and the nickel-base alloy containing Cr, respectively enhanced primary treatment occur, make the ceramic hollow ball multi-layered brazing skive with high porosity and high-strength characteristic.
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| CN104373127A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-02-25 | 泉州华大超硬工具科技有限公司 | Novel diamond mine sawing block |
| CN106365661B (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2019-02-26 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | A kind of multilayered structure alumina composite ceramic and preparation method thereof |
| CN109590918A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-04-09 | 苏州科技大学 | A kind of method of amorphous CuNi based active solder brazed diamond tool |
| CN112140015A (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2020-12-29 | 圣戈班磨料磨具有限公司 | Abrasive article and method of forming the same |
| CN111203811B (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2022-02-22 | 湖南科技大学 | Preparation and electrolytic finishing method of brazing grinding wheel with self-lubricating function and good electrolytic film forming property |
| CN111659317A (en) * | 2020-06-06 | 2020-09-15 | 南京惠诚工具制造有限公司 | Preparation method of self-sharpening superhard material accumulated abrasive |
| CN114193345A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-03-18 | 南京固华机电科技有限公司 | Novel abrasive group |
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