CN103394674A - Vacuum induction furnace for casting thin-wall castings and method of casting thin-wall titanium alloy castings - Google Patents
Vacuum induction furnace for casting thin-wall castings and method of casting thin-wall titanium alloy castings Download PDFInfo
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- CN103394674A CN103394674A CN2013103147056A CN201310314705A CN103394674A CN 103394674 A CN103394674 A CN 103394674A CN 2013103147056 A CN2013103147056 A CN 2013103147056A CN 201310314705 A CN201310314705 A CN 201310314705A CN 103394674 A CN103394674 A CN 103394674A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vacuum induction furnace for casting thin-wall castings. The vacuum induction furnace comprises a vacuum induction furnace shell. A vacuum furnace upper cover is disposed at the upper end of the vacuum induction furnace shell. A smelting cavity and a pouring cavity are symmetrically formed in the vacuum induction furnace shell. A smelting device is disposed in the smelting cavity. A heating pouring device is disposed in the pouring cavity. A turnover space for the smelting device is reserved between the upper portions of the smelting and pouring cavities and the vacuum furnace upper cover. A wireless thermocouple temperature transmitter is disposed outside the vacuum induction furnace shell. The invention further discloses a method of casting thin-wall titanium alloy castings. The method includes solidifying titanium alloy in a crucible, smelting the alloy into melt according to the vacuum induction principle, turning the crucible to pour the melt into a pouring inner container, setting a heating and insulation device outside the pouring inner container, and casting to obtain a thin-wall titanium alloy casting. The vacuum induction furnace for casting thin-wall castings can be used to cast high-quality thin-wall metal parts with no surface defects.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Special Processes of Metal Castings technical field, relate to a kind of thin-walled parts casting and use vaccum sensitive stove, the invention still further relates to the method for utilizing above-mentioned vaccum sensitive stove casting thin-wall titanium alloy foundry goods.
Background technology
Vaccum sensitive stove is to be used for a kind of vacuum electric furnace of the special alloys such as melting heat-resisting alloy, magnetic material, electrical material and high strength steel in metallurgical industry, its operation principle is under vacuum environment, utilize alternating current to be applied to induction coil and produce alternating magnetic field, alternating magnetic field induces the electric current of alternation on furnace charge---and " eddy current ", furnace charge heats and melts by " eddy current ".Compare with the other types electric furnace, vaccum sensitive stove has advantages of that firing rate is fast, equipment productivity is high and oxidational losses is few, in vaccum sensitive stove, metal sealing carries out melting in crucible, the molten metal that melts out is clean, free from admixture, whole casting process is also to carry out in airtight vacuum environment, can effectively prevent the oxidation of metal; In addition,, due to the electromagnetic agitation function being arranged, be conducive to the homogenising of degassed and alloying component.
The pouring section of existing vaccum sensitive stove is without heater and attemperator, and molten metal is difficult to maintain in higher temperature range in casting process, make the liquid metal filling ability, is difficult to cast out high-quality and surperficial flawless thin-wall metal foundry goods.When the casting thin-section casting, due to the molten metal rapid heat dissipation, setting time is shorter, and wall tension force and viscous drag have all limited carrying out smoothly of cavity filling process greatly, be difficult to realize the smooth filling of thin-section casting, will there will be like this defect of foundry goods misrun or cold shut.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of casting thin foundry goods vaccum sensitive stove, can cast out high-quality, surperficial flawless thin-wall metal part.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the method for utilizing above-mentioned vaccum sensitive stove casting thin-wall titanium alloy foundry goods.
The first technical scheme of the present invention is; the casting thin foundry goods vaccum sensitive stove; include the vacuum induction furnace shell; vacuum induction furnace shell upper end is provided with the vacuum drying oven upper cover; be symmetrically arranged with melting chamber and cast chamber in the vacuum induction furnace shell; melting is provided with smelting apparatus in chamber; cast is provided with the heating apparatus for pouring in chamber; be provided with the upset space of smelting apparatus between the top in melting chamber and cast chamber and vacuum drying oven upper cover, the vacuum induction furnace shell also is provided with the Wireless thermocouple temperature transmitter outward.
The characteristics of the first technical scheme of the present invention also are,
Smelting apparatus, include crucible and rollover stand, is provided with inductance coil on the outer wall of crucible, and crucible is fixed in rollover stand, and rollover stand is connected with switching mechanism and the automatically controlled button that overturns successively, and the automatically controlled button that overturns is arranged on the outer wall of vacuum induction furnace shell.
Be provided with emissive plastic glazing on furnace upper cover.
The heating apparatus for pouring, include heating apparatus for pouring housing, the lower end of heating apparatus for pouring housing is fixedly connected with the vaccum sensitive stove housing bottom, the top of heating apparatus for pouring housing is provided with concave station, cast inner bag and the concave station matched in clearance that heats the apparatus for pouring case top, the top of cast inner bag is provided with guiding device, and the bottom of cast inner bag is provided with heater, the vacant insulation material that has been partially filled between heater and heating apparatus for pouring housing;
The Wireless thermocouple temperature transmitter includes thermocouple probe and thermocouple display screen.
Guiding device, include guiding gutter and the sprue gate that is arranged at the guiding gutter lower end, and sprue gate is communicated with the cast inner bag.
Heater, include the heating flue, is wound with heater strip on the outer wall of heating flue, and heater strip equates with the gap of described heating flue surrounding; The thermocouple probe of Wireless thermocouple temperature transmitter is arranged in the insulation material of heating apparatus for pouring housing, and near heating flue one side-walls, the thermocouple display screen is arranged at the vaccum sensitive stove hull outside.
The second technical scheme of the present invention is that casting thin foundry goods is cast the method for thin-wall titanium alloy foundry goods with vaccum sensitive stove, specifically according to following steps, implement:
Step 4, open the vacuum drying oven upper cover, first take out guiding device, guiding device is placed in baking oven dries, then take out the thin-wall titanium alloy foundry goods in the cast inner bag.
The characteristics of the second technical scheme of the present invention also are,
Step 1.1, get the titanium alloy metal solid, wherein the titanium alloy metal solid is Ti-6Al-4V;
Step 1.2, the titanium alloy metal solid in step 1.1 is put into the crucible of vacuum induction furnace shell, the volume of titanium alloy metal solid is no more than 80% of crucible volume;
Step 1.3, first start cooling water circulation, then with in vacuum system and vacuum induction furnace shell, be communicated with,, to vacuumizing in the vacuum induction furnace shell, treat that the atmospheric pressure value in the vacuum induction furnace shell is 0.01Pa, close vacuum system;
Step 1.4, close vacuum system after, be connected in argon bottle and vacuum induction furnace shell, input argon gas in the vacuum induction furnace shell, utilizing argon gas to carry out one or many washes away, treat that the force value that shows on external mechanical pressure gauge is 0.02MPa～0.08MPa, stop to supplying argon gas in the vacuum induction furnace shell.
Switch on power, open the smelting apparatus in the vacuum induction furnace shell, in vacuum, be 0.01Pa and have under the condition of argon shield, with inductance coil, the titanium alloy metal solid in crucible is carried out melting, smelting temperature is controlled to be 1700 ℃～1800 ℃, obtains the titanium alloy molten metal;
When the temperature in crucible is elevated to 1000 ℃, start the heater strip in the heating apparatus for pouring, heater strip starts the heating flue is heated, and it is 800 ℃～900 ℃ that the heating flue adds hot pouring inner bag to thermocouple display screen displays temperature simultaneously, namely completes the casting mold the pre-heat treatment of cast inner bag.
Step 3.1, the automatically controlled button of startup upset, crucible produces upset, the titanium alloy molten metal that temperature is 1700 ℃～1800 ℃ is poured in guiding device, and the titanium alloy molten metal is in guiding gutter, sprue gate enter the cast inner bag, and cast titanium alloy molten metal will be controlled in 2s～10s to be completed;
Step 3.2, through step 3.1 complete the cast 5min～30min after, close the heater power supply, the heater strip stopped heating, treat that vaccum sensitive stove is cooled to normal temperature.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) increased heater in the apparatus for pouring outside in vaccum sensitive stove of the present invention, this heater can be casting mold preheat temperature is provided, and reduces the temperature difference between molten metal and cast inner bag, improves mold-filling capacity;
(2) in vaccum sensitive stove of the present invention, heater can be the molten metal that is poured in the cast inner bag lasting heating is provided, the temperature of pouring into a mould inner bag by the monitoring of Wireless thermocouple temperature transmitter and control simultaneously, molten metal can keep higher temperature in casting process, guarantee that molten metal has good mold-filling capacity;
(3) apparatus for pouring of vaccum sensitive stove of the present invention also is provided with attemperator outward, can prevent effectively that in casting process, a large amount of of molten metal heat scatter and disappear;
(4) employing vaccum sensitive stove of the present invention and casting method can cast out the titanium alloy thin wall foundry goods between 0.3mm～0.5mm, according to the fusing point of different metal, can also cast out multiple thin-wall metal foundry goods.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the plan structure schematic diagram of casting thin foundry goods of the present invention with vaccum sensitive stove;
Fig. 2 is casting thin foundry goods of the present invention with the cross-sectional view that adds the hot pouring dress in vaccum sensitive stove;
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of casting thin foundry goods of the present invention with guiding device in vaccum sensitive stove.
In figure, 1. smelting apparatus, 2. vacuum induction body of heater housing, 3. heating apparatus for pouring, 4. thermocouple probe, 5. guiding gutter, 6. cast inner bag, 7. heater strip, 8. heating apparatus for pouring housing, 9. insulation material, 10. heat flue, 11. first water conservancy diversion inclined-planes, 12. the second water conservancy diversion inclined-plane, 13. the 3rd water conservancy diversion inclined-plane, 14. sprue gates, 15. guiding devices.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Casting thin foundry goods vaccum sensitive stove of the present invention, its structure as shown in Figure 1, include vacuum induction furnace shell 2, vacuum induction furnace shell 2 upper ends are provided with the vacuum drying oven upper cover, be symmetrically arranged with melting chamber and cast chamber in vacuum induction furnace shell 2, be provided with smelting apparatus 1 in the melting chamber, be provided with heating apparatus for pouring 3 in the cast chamber, be provided with the upset space of smelting apparatus 1 between the top in melting chamber and cast chamber and vacuum drying oven upper cover.
wherein, the interior turning device for the crucible upset of smelting apparatus 1, mainly utilized the transmission of power transmission shaft to produce the power of upset for crucible, power transmission shaft one end is for being used for extending to the clutch end in vacuum induction body of heater housing 2, the other end is for being used for extending to the outer power intake of vacuum induction body of heater housing 2, this turning device also is connected with the power intake of power transmission shaft by outside gear mechanism, drive the hydraulic cylinder that power transmission shaft rotates around it the axis reciprocating rotation, the power intake of power transmission shaft directly and rollover stand be connected, or by interior transmission mechanism, with rollover stand, be connected, to drive the linkage section of rollover stand upset, turning device flip angle in the present invention is less than 120 °.
Be provided with emissive plastic glazing on the furnace upper cover of vacuum induction furnace shell 2, infrared thermometer is aimed at crucible by emissive plastic glazing can monitor temperature in crucible; Be provided with the Wireless thermocouple temperature transmitter on the sidewall of vacuum induction furnace shell 2, the Wireless thermocouple temperature transmitter includes thermocouple probe 4 and thermocouple display screen.
Vacuum induction furnace shell 2 is circumscribed with vacuum system; Vacuum system includes vavuum pump, vacuum valve body, vacuum detecting instrument composition, and vacuum system is existing vacuum system.
Heating apparatus for pouring 3, include heating apparatus for pouring housing 8, the lower end of heating apparatus for pouring housing 8 is fixedly connected with vacuum induction furnace shell 2 bottoms, the top of heating apparatus for pouring housing 8 is provided with concave station, cast inner bag 6 and the concave station matched in clearance that heats apparatus for pouring housing 8 tops, the top of cast inner bag 6 is provided with guiding device 15, and the bottom of cast inner bag 6 is connected with heater; Heater adopts the compression mode to be arranged in heating apparatus for pouring housing 8, the vacant insulation material 9 that has been partially filled between heater and heating apparatus for pouring housing 8.
The Wireless thermocouple temperature transmitter includes thermocouple probe 4 and thermocouple display screen, and thermocouple probe 4 inserts in insulation material 9, and near heating furnace inner bag 10 1 side-walls, the thermocouple display screen is arranged at vacuum induction furnace shell 2 outsides.
Guiding device 15, its structure as shown in Figure 4, include guiding gutter 5 and the sprue gate 14 that is arranged at guiding gutter 5 lower ends, and sprue gate 14 is communicated with cast inner bag 6.
guiding gutter 5 includes the first water conservancy diversion inclined-plane 11 and the 3rd water conservancy diversion inclined-plane 13 that is arranged at the guiding device both sides, the lower end on the first water conservancy diversion inclined-plane 11 is connected with an end at sprue gate 14 by the second water conservancy diversion inclined-plane 12, the lower end on the 3rd water conservancy diversion inclined-plane 13 is connected with the other end at sprue gate 14, the first water conservancy diversion inclined-plane 11 is the angle of 55 ° with guiding device 15 upper surfaces, be the angle of 135 ° between the first water conservancy diversion inclined-plane 11 and the second water conservancy diversion inclined-plane 12, be 105 ° of angles between the second water conservancy diversion inclined-plane 12 and sprue gate 14, the 3rd water conservancy diversion inclined-plane 13 is the angle of 70 ° with guiding device 15 upper surfaces, the length on the first water conservancy diversion inclined-plane 11 is less than the length on the 3rd water conservancy diversion inclined-plane 13, the length on the 3rd water conservancy diversion inclined-plane is less than the length on the second water conservancy diversion inclined-plane.
Heater, include heating flue 10, is wound with heater strip 7 on the outer wall of heating flue 10, and heater strip 7 equates with the gap of heating flue 10 surroundings.
Adopt the method for thin-walled parts casting of the present invention with vaccum sensitive stove cast titanium alloy thin-section casting, specifically according to following steps, implement:
Step 1.1, get the titanium alloy metal solid, wherein the titanium alloy metal solid is Ti-6Al-4V;
Step 1.2, the titanium alloy metal solid in step 1.1 is put into the crucible of vacuum induction furnace shell 2, the volume of titanium alloy metal solid is no more than 80% of crucible volume;
Step 1.3, startup cooling water circulation, guarantee that vavuum pump group, interior induction coil and the power supply of vacuum induction furnace shell in vacuum system kept normal operating temperature;
Afterwards, vacuum system is communicated with vacuum induction furnace shell 2 is interior,, to vacuumizing in vacuum induction furnace shell 2, treats that the atmospheric pressure value in vacuum induction furnace shell 2 is 0.01Pa, close vacuum system;
Step 1.4, after step 1.3 vacuumizes processing, argon bottle is communicated with vacuum induction furnace shell 2 is interior, to the interior input argon gas of vacuum induction furnace shell 2, utilizing argon gas to carry out one or many washes away, treat that the force value that shows on the external mechanical pressure gauge of vacuum induction furnace shell 2 is 0.02MPa～0.08MPa, stop to the interior supply argon gas of vacuum induction furnace shell 2.
Switch on power, open the smelting apparatus 1 in vacuum induction furnace shell 2, be 0.01Pa and have under the condition of argon shield in vacuum, utilize the vacuum induction principle, with inductance coil, the titanium alloy metal solid in crucible is carried out melting, smelting temperature is controlled to be 1700 ℃～1800 ℃, obtains the titanium alloy molten metal;
In the process of smelting metal liquid, by infrared thermometer can the Real-Time Monitoring crucible variations in temperature in 1, the smelting temperature of crucible 1 is relevant with the fusing point for the treatment of smelting metal, namely basis treats that the fusing point of smelting metal determines smelting temperature.
When the temperature in crucible is elevated to 1000 ℃, start the heater strip 7 in heating apparatus for pouring 3, heater strip 7 starts heating flue 10 is heated, it is 800 ℃～900 ℃ that heating flue 10 adds hot pouring inner bag 6 to thermocouple display screen displays temperature simultaneously, namely completes the casting mold the pre-heat treatment of cast inner bag.
Step 3.1, the automatically controlled button of startup upset, crucible produces upset, the titanium alloy molten metal that temperature is 1700 ℃～1800 ℃ is poured in guiding device 15, and the titanium alloy molten metal is in guiding gutter 5, sprue gate 14 enter cast inner bag 6, and cast titanium alloy molten metal will be controlled in 2s～10s to be completed;
Step 3.2, through step 3.1 complete the cast 5min～30min after, close the heater power supply, heater strip 7 stopped heatings, treat that vaccum sensitive stove is cooled to room temperature (normal temperature) under the effect of circulating water, cooling purpose is to prevent that thin-wall titanium alloy foundry goods and crucible are oxidized after blow-on, treat that crucible is thoroughly dimmed, till cannot see from form, this time is 1h～2h.
Step 4, open the vacuum drying oven upper cover, take out guiding device 15, guiding device 15 is placed in baking oven dries, prevent a large amount of air-breathingly and reduce and vacuumize efficiency next time, take out thin-wall titanium alloy foundry goods in cast inner bag 6.
Vaccum sensitive stove of the present invention can carry out melting and ingot casting for special steel, high temperature alloy, Precise Alloy under vacuum or protective atmosphere, also can be for the vacuum precision casting of miniature parts.
Claims (10)
1. casting thin foundry goods vaccum sensitive stove, it is characterized in that, include vacuum induction furnace shell (2), described vacuum induction furnace shell (2) upper end is provided with the vacuum drying oven upper cover, be symmetrically arranged with melting chamber and cast chamber in described vacuum induction furnace shell (2), be provided with smelting apparatus (1) in described melting chamber, be provided with heating apparatus for pouring (3) in described cast chamber, be provided with the upset space of described smelting apparatus (1) between the top in described melting chamber and cast chamber and described vacuum drying oven upper cover, the outer Wireless thermocouple temperature transmitter that also is provided with of described vacuum induction furnace shell (2).
2. casting thin foundry goods vaccum sensitive stove according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described smelting apparatus (1), include crucible and rollover stand, be provided with inductance coil on the outer wall of described crucible, described crucible is fixed in described rollover stand, and described rollover stand is connected with switching mechanism and the automatically controlled button that overturns successively, and the automatically controlled button of described upset is arranged on the outer wall of described vacuum induction furnace shell (2).
3. casting thin foundry goods vaccum sensitive stove according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is provided with emissive plastic glazing on described furnace upper cover.
4. thin-walled parts according to claim 1 is cast and is used vaccum sensitive stove, it is characterized in that, described heating apparatus for pouring (3), include heating apparatus for pouring housing (8), the lower end of described heating apparatus for pouring housing (8) is fixedly connected with described vacuum induction furnace shell (2) bottom, the top of described heating apparatus for pouring housing (8) is provided with concave station, the concave station matched in clearance at cast inner bag (6) and described heating apparatus for pouring housing (8) top, the top of described cast inner bag (6) is provided with guiding device (15), the bottom of described cast inner bag (6) is provided with heater, the vacant insulation material (9) that has been partially filled between described heater and described heating apparatus for pouring housing (8),
Described Wireless thermocouple temperature transmitter includes thermocouple probe (4) and thermocouple display screen.
5. casting thin foundry goods vaccum sensitive stove according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described guiding device (15), include guiding gutter (5) and be arranged at the sprue gate (14) of guiding gutter (5) lower end, and described sprue gate (14) are communicated with described cast inner bag (6).
6. casting thin foundry goods vaccum sensitive stove according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described heater, include heating flue (10), be wound with heater strip (7) on the outer wall of described heating flue (10), described heater strip (7) equates with the gap of described heating flue (10) surrounding;
Described thermocouple probe (4) is arranged in the insulation material (9) of described heating apparatus for pouring housing (8), and near heating flue (10) one side-walls, described thermocouple display screen is arranged at described vacuum induction furnace shell (2) outside.
7. casting thin foundry goods, with the method for vaccum sensitive stove cast titanium alloy thin-section casting, is characterized in that, specifically according to following steps, implements:
Step 1, the titanium alloy metal solid is put into the crucible of vacuum induction furnace shell (2), started cooling water circulation, water pressure gauge shows after normal and starts vacuum system, adjusts the atmospheric pressure value in vacuum induction furnace shell (2):
Step 2, the titanium alloy metal solid in step 1 is carried out melting and casting mold the pre-heat treatment;
Step 3, will be through the titanium alloy pouring metal melt of step 2 casting mold the pre-heat treatment in cast inner bag (6);
Step 4, open the vacuum drying oven upper cover, first take out guiding device (15), guiding device (15) is placed in baking oven dries, then take out the thin-wall titanium alloy foundry goods in cast inner bag (6).
8. casting thin foundry goods according to claim 7, with the method for vaccum sensitive stove cast titanium alloy thin-section casting, is characterized in that, described step 1 is specifically implemented according to following steps:
Step 1.1, get the titanium alloy metal solid, wherein the titanium alloy metal solid is Ti-6Al-4V;
Step 1.2, the titanium alloy metal solid in step 1.1 is put into the crucible of vacuum induction furnace shell (2), the volume of titanium alloy metal solid is no more than 80% of crucible volume;
Step 1.3, first start cooling water circulation, then, with being communicated with in vacuum system and vacuum induction furnace shell (2),, to vacuumizing in vacuum induction furnace shell (2), treat that the interior atmospheric pressure value of vacuum induction furnace shell (2) is 0.01Pa, close vacuum system;
Step 1.4, close vacuum system after, be connected in argon bottle and vacuum induction furnace shell (2), input argon gas in vacuum induction furnace shell (2), utilizing argon gas to carry out one or many washes away, treat that the force value that shows on external mechanical pressure gauge is 0.02MPa～0.08MPa, stop to supply argon gas in vacuum induction furnace shell (2).
9. casting thin foundry goods according to claim 7, with the method for vaccum sensitive stove cast titanium alloy thin-section casting, is characterized in that, described step 2 is specifically implemented in accordance with the following methods:
Switch on power, open the smelting apparatus (1) in vacuum induction furnace shell (2), in vacuum, be 0.01Pa and have under the condition of argon shield, with inductance coil, the titanium alloy metal solid in crucible is carried out melting, smelting temperature is controlled to be 1700 ℃～1800 ℃, obtains the titanium alloy molten metal;
When the temperature in crucible is elevated to 1000 ℃, start the heater strip (7) in heating apparatus for pouring (3), heater strip (7) starts heating flue (10) is heated, it is 800 ℃～900 ℃ that heating flue (10) adds hot pouring inner bag (6) to thermocouple display screen displays temperature simultaneously, completes the casting mold the pre-heat treatment of cast inner bag.
10. casting thin foundry goods according to claim 7, with the method for vaccum sensitive stove cast titanium alloy thin-section casting, is characterized in that, described step 3 is specifically implemented in accordance with the following methods:
Step 3.1, the automatically controlled button of startup upset, crucible produces upset, the titanium alloy molten metal that temperature is 1700 ℃～1800 ℃ is poured in guiding device (15), the titanium alloy molten metal is in guiding gutter (5), sprue gate (14) enter cast inner bag (6), and cast titanium alloy molten metal will be controlled in 2s～10s to be completed;
Step 3.2, through step 3.1 complete the cast 5min～30min after, close the heater power supply, heater strip (7) stopped heating, treat that vaccum sensitive stove is cooled to normal temperature.
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| CN201310314705.6A CN103394674B (en) | 2013-07-24 | 2013-07-24 | The method of casting thin foundry goods vaccum sensitive stove and casting thin-wall titanium alloy foundry goods |
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| CN109967724A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-07-05 | 璁镐附 | A kind of liquid metal casting forming method |
| CN112222384A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-01-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for preparing nickel-based high-temperature alloy component by solidification under pressure |
| CN113670065A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-11-19 | 江西凯安智能股份有限公司 | High-precision brass plate strip blank smelting device |
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