CN103388741A - 一种低温储液罐的浮球限充装置 - Google Patents

一种低温储液罐的浮球限充装置 Download PDF

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CN103388741A
CN103388741A CN2013102603174A CN201310260317A CN103388741A CN 103388741 A CN103388741 A CN 103388741A CN 2013102603174 A CN2013102603174 A CN 2013102603174A CN 201310260317 A CN201310260317 A CN 201310260317A CN 103388741 A CN103388741 A CN 103388741A
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ball float
storage tank
liquid
overfill
low
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CN103388741B (zh
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王五开
翟兰惠
卫丽霞
张健
王春娟
潘晓娥
董明会
张会杰
尚成文
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Shijiazhuang Enric Gas Equipment Co Ltd
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Shijiazhuang Enric Gas Equipment Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2013/080534 priority patent/WO2014205887A1/zh
Priority to US14/899,692 priority patent/US9890906B2/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/021—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the height as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0629—Two walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0335—Check-valves or non-return valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0382—Constructional details of valves, regulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0388—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters
    • F17C2205/0391—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters inside the pressure vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2225/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
    • F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
    • F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
    • F17C2225/043—Localisation of the filling point in the gas
    • F17C2225/045—Localisation of the filling point in the gas with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0408—Level of content in the vessel
    • F17C2250/0413—Level of content in the vessel with floats
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0486—Indicating or measuring characterised by the location
    • F17C2250/0491—Parameters measured at or inside the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/07—Actions triggered by measured parameters
    • F17C2250/072—Action when predefined value is reached
    • F17C2250/075—Action when predefined value is reached when full
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/02—Improving properties related to fluid or fluid transfer
    • F17C2260/022—Avoiding overfilling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
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Abstract

一种低温储液罐的浮球限充装置，解决了现有浮球限充装置结构不稳固从而导致储罐报废的技术问题，采用的技术方案是，结构中包括出液端设置在储液罐内的加液管，加液管的喷液孔位于管道顶部的管壁上，关键在于：所述加液管的顶端配套滑阀，滑阀借助浮球式杠杆驱动机构与加液管具有沿竖直方位的滑动配合，并借助限位机构形成喷液孔的启、闭机构。本发明通过在加液管出液口设置由浮球式杠杆驱动的滑阀，解决了浮球限充装置结构不稳定的技术问题，延长了储罐的使用寿命。

Description

一种低温储液罐的浮球限充装置
技术领域
本发明是一种低温储液罐的限充装置，属于深冷、常压液化气储存及运输领域，特别是一种低温储液罐的浮球限充装置。
背景技术
液化天然气的储存及运输是极其特殊的一个领域，对液化天然气的储罐要求也不是一般金属容器就能做到的。奥氏体不锈钢在低温条件下具有较好的韧性和强度性能，且与天然气能很好相容，经常被选用作为内部储罐的材质。但奥氏体不锈钢同时也具有屈服强度低的缺陷，按GB150压力容器标准，以材料屈服强度和抗拉强度为基准，分别除以相应的安全系数，取其小值来确定材料许用应力值的方法，往往导致奥氏体不锈钢材料许用应力值偏低，不能充分发挥材料承载能力。若对奥氏体不锈钢材料不做任何处理而制成储罐的容器，那么对其安全系数的要求就非常高，相应也就要耗费更多的不锈钢材料，不但增加了生产成本，同时也增加了运输成本，减少了储液空间，这是极其不经济的做法，一般生产厂家都不会采用这种方式。为此，研究人员通过应变强化实现了提高奥氏体不锈钢材料的屈服强度，而经过应变强化处理的罐体不但降低了对安全系数的要求，节约了生产材料的成本，而且也使罐体同时具备了较好的韧性、强度性能和屈服强度。经过应变强化后的储罐一旦在罐体上重新开孔，就会影响罐体整体的结构强度，使得应变强化变得毫无意义，罐体也就报废不能继续使用。所以，储罐一旦投入使用就不能再重新开口进行检修或其他操作，因此，对设置在储罐内部的辅助装置的要求，尤其是用于转运的储罐的要求就显得尤其重要，首先要具有的品质是稳定性高。
具体到用于运输天然气的液化天然气汽车上的储罐，对储罐内结构的稳固性要求就更高了。现有储罐在车载瓶充液时，要确保气瓶内胆顶部留有一定安全空间，所以需要在储罐内胆中设置防过充装置。
现有技术，一般采用在储罐内胆中设置缓冲罐的结构来达到此目的，但缓冲罐的结构笨重，准确性差，并且不能在非空罐充装时起到有效的限充作用；也有采用浮球式限充阀来达到限充的目的。
浮球阀在日常生活中经常使用，公开号为【CN101561057A】的专利公开了一种浮球阀，在阀门外设置浮球，浮球通过杠杆与内部阀门连接，利用浮球在液体在液体中的浮力达到启闭阀门的目的。这种浮球阀由于浮球设置在阀门外，应用在罐体运输过程中非常不稳定，阀门组件容易磨损造成失灵。为了使浮球阀能在液化气运输罐中使用，首先要保证浮球限充阀的稳定性，降低其磨损，为了达到这一目的，本领域技术人员想到将浮球直接设置在加液管中，依靠加液管内壁限制住浮球，使其不能自由晃动，增强了浮球限充阀的稳定性，但很快又出现了新的问题，由于加液管固定在罐体里边，加液管的直径不能太大，浮球的大小也就受到限制，经常造成浮球和限充阀门失灵，并且浮球与加液管管壁内径并不能紧密贴合，虽然浮球设置在管内，但仍然无法保证浮球的稳定，一旦限充阀门失灵，低温深冷液体无限充满在罐体内，造成罐体压力过大，极易发生爆炸。
因此，改进后的浮球限充装置虽然设置在加液管内在一定程度上限制住了浮球，但由于浮球不能做的太大以及浮球并未被完全限制住，在罐体运输过程中浮球限充阀仍然非常不稳定，严重影响了储罐的安全运输。并且由于浮球限充阀的不稳固，造成其损坏频率的增加，虽然仅仅只是一小部分限充阀受到了损坏，但由于不可能对储罐重新开口进行更换或检修，从而导致浮球限充阀一旦损坏就意味着储罐报废的结果。因此，为了延长储罐的使用寿命，如何保证限充装置的稳定性就成为困扰本领域技术人员的一大难题。
发明内容
本发明为解决现有浮球限充装置结构不稳固从而导致储罐报废的技术问题，设计了一种低温储液罐的浮球限充装置，通过在加液管出液口设置由浮球式杠杆驱动的滑阀，解决了浮球限充装置结构不稳定的技术问题，延长了储罐的使用寿命。
本发明为实现发明目的采用的技术方案是，一种低温储液罐的浮球限充装置，结构中包括出液端设置在储液罐内的加液管，加液管的喷液孔位于管道顶部的管壁上，关键在于：所述加液管的顶端配套滑阀，滑阀借助浮球式杠杆驱动机构与加液管具有沿竖直方位的滑动配合，并借助限位机构形成喷液孔的启、闭机构。
本发明的设计关键之一是：将滑阀与浮球分离，通过杠杆相互连接，二者运动方向相反，需要封闭液流时，浮球向上移动，滑阀向下移动，滑阀的重力和通过杠杆放大的浮球浮力共同作用在滑阀上，关断力大，动作更可靠。
本发明的设计关键之二是：浮球套装在摆轴上，消除了浮球的晃动；同时浮球的中心盲孔与摆杆组成柱塞缸，通过控制二者之间的间隙，形成对快速运动的阻尼，可减缓浮球因颠簸引起的震动，避免系统震荡，提高了系统的抗震性能。同时无论原来容器内液位高低，本装置都能实现对最高液面的精确控制。
下面结合附图对本发明进行详细说明。
附图说明
图1是本发明中滑阀开启状态示意图。
图2是本发明中滑阀管壁状态示意图。
图3是图1中水平杠杆的俯视图。
图中，1代表储液罐，2代表加液管，3代表喷液孔，4代表滑阀，4-1代表水平销轴，5代表托板，6代表摆杆，7代表浮球，8代表水平杠杆，9代表连杆，10代表滑套，10-1代表盲孔。
具体实施方式
一种低温储液罐的浮球限充装置，结构中包括出液端设置在储液罐1内的加液管2，加液管2的喷液孔3位于管道顶部的管壁上，所述加液管2的顶端配套滑阀4，滑阀4借助浮球式杠杆驱动机构与加液管2具有沿竖直方位的滑动配合，并借助限位机构形成喷液孔3的启、闭机构。
所述浮球式杠杆驱动机构的结构中包括：一端限位在储液罐1内壁的托板5上的摆杆6、浮球7、水平杠杆8，水平杠杆8的一端借助连杆9连接在滑阀4上，另一端借助设置在浮球中心轴上的连接组件与浮球7铰连，摆杆6的另一端沿浮球7中心轴限位在浮球7内，并与浮球7具有沿竖直方位的滑动配合。
所述设置在浮球中心轴上的连接组件是上部具有盲孔10-1的滑套10，滑套10上端与水平杠杆8铰连，摆杆6由滑套10下端滑动限位在滑套10内；浮球借助滑套10内的盲孔10-1限位。
所述摆杆6与盲孔10-1借助间隙配合形成柱塞缸式阻尼机构。
所述水平杠杆8的支点借助销轴限位在加液管2管壁上的支座上。
所述滑阀4的限位机构是横贯限位在滑阀4顶端的水平销轴4-1。
所述水平杠杆8的限位端与驱动端的臂长比例是：1~3：1。
所述加液管2上的喷液孔3设有2~4组，均布在管壁上，加液管2的顶端封闭。
所述水平杠杆8的驱动端呈U型拨叉式结构。
装配过程：参看图1，加液管2顶部堵死，在靠近顶部的圆截面上开有多个喷液孔3。滑阀4下部两侧装有销轴，上部横贯设有水平销轴4-1；将滑阀4套装在加液管2上部。滑阀4通过连杆9和水平杠杆8与浮球7相连接。浮球7中心有贯通轴，轴的顶端制作销孔，通过销轴与水平杠杆8的长臂端固定；浮球中心轴上制作开口向下的盲孔10-1形成滑套10，使浮球7套装在摆杆6上。摆杆6的限位端通过销轴固定在托板5上，限制其只能左、右摆动。
动作描述：参看图2，当液面下降，浮球随液面下降，通过杠杆带动滑阀向上移动，喷液口被打开，可以通过进液管向容器内加液；液面继续降低，摆杆将顶住浮球盲孔的底部，限制浮球和滑阀继续移动。参看图1，当液面上升，浮球随液面上升，通过杠杆带动滑阀向下移动，直至喷液口被封闭；此时加液装置检测到阻力增大的信号，即停止加液；滑阀降至最下位置时，滑阀上部的横贯销轴将与进液管顶部接触，限制滑阀继续下移。
本发明的设计关键之一是：将滑阀与浮球分离，通过杠杆相互连接，二者运动方向相反，需要封闭液流时，浮球向上移动，滑阀向下移动，滑阀的重力和通过杠杆放大的浮球浮力共同作用在滑阀上，关断力大，动作更可靠。本发明的设计关键之二是：浮球套装在摆轴上，消除了浮球的晃动；同时浮球的中心盲孔与摆杆组成柱塞缸，通过控制二者之间的间隙，形成对快速运动的阻尼，可减缓浮球因颠簸引起的震动，避免系统震荡，提高了系统的抗震性能。同时无论原来容器内液位高低，本装置都能实现对最高液面的精确控制。

Claims (9)

1.一种低温储液罐的浮球限充装置，结构中包括出液端设置在储液罐（1）内的加液管（2），加液管（2）的喷液孔（3）位于管道顶部的管壁上，其特征在于：所述加液管（2）的顶端配套滑阀（4），滑阀（4）借助浮球式杠杆驱动机构与加液管（2）具有沿竖直方位的滑动配合，并借助限位机构形成喷液孔（3）的启、闭机构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种低温储液罐的浮球限充装置，其特征在于：所述浮球式杠杆驱动机构的结构中包括：一端限位在储液罐（1）内壁的托板（5）上的摆杆（6）、浮球（7）、水平杠杆（8），水平杠杆（8）的一端借助连杆（9）连接在滑阀（4）上，另一端借助设置在浮球中心轴上的连接组件与浮球（7）铰连，摆杆（6）的另一端沿浮球（7）中心轴限位在浮球（7）内，并与浮球（7）具有沿竖直方位的滑动配合。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种低温储液罐的浮球限充装置，其特征在于：所述设置在浮球中心轴上的连接组件是上部具有盲孔（10-1）的滑套（10），滑套（10）上端与水平杠杆（8）铰连，摆杆（6）由滑套（10）下端滑动限位在滑套（10）内；浮球借助滑套（10）内的盲孔（10-1）限位。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种低温储液罐的浮球限充装置，其特征在于：所述摆杆（6）与盲孔（10-1）借助间隙配合形成柱塞缸式阻尼机构。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种低温储液罐的浮球限充装置，其特征在于：所述水平杠杆（8）的支点借助销轴限位在加液管（2）管壁上的支座上。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种低温储液罐的浮球限充装置，其特征在于：所述滑阀（4）的限位机构是横贯限位在滑阀（4）顶端的水平销轴（4-1）。
7.根据权利要求2所述的一种低温储液罐的浮球限充装置，其特征在于：所述水平杠杆（8）的限位端与驱动端的臂长比例是：1~3：1。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种低温储液罐的浮球限充装置，其特征在于：所述加液管（2）上的喷液孔（3）设有2~4组，均布在管壁上，加液管（2）的顶端封闭。
9.根据权利要求2所述的一种低温储液罐的浮球限充装置，其特征在于：所述水平杠杆（8）的驱动端呈U型拨叉式结构。
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