CN103383156B - Shipboard binary refrigeration system - Google Patents
Shipboard binary refrigeration system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103383156B CN103383156B CN201210272110.4A CN201210272110A CN103383156B CN 103383156 B CN103383156 B CN 103383156B CN 201210272110 A CN201210272110 A CN 201210272110A CN 103383156 B CN103383156 B CN 103383156B
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- refrigerating medium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B7/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/28—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for deck loads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
- B63J2/00—Arrangements of ventilation, heating, cooling, or air-conditioning
- B63J2/12—Heating; Cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B17/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type
- F25B17/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type the absorbent or adsorbent being a liquid, e.g. brine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/06—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using expanders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2515—Flow valves
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides one to be capable of cost degradation, and reduces the capacity of expansion tank and can be equipped on boats and ships, and the cold-producing medium evaporation tube being arranged in fish hold need not carry out the shipboard binary refrigeration system of oil extraction。This shipboard binary refrigeration system is made up of high unit side fridge (20), low unit side fridge (40), refrigerating medium circulation road (60) and (61), the NH of refrigerating medium circulation road (61)3Refrigerating medium is cooled down by the freon R23 of low unit side fridge (40) in refrigerating medium liquefier (52)。Refrigerating medium circulation road (60) is connected with the refrigerating medium evaporation tube being arranged in fish hold (68a～c), and fish hold (68a～c) is cooled to-60 DEG C by NH3 refrigerating medium。So, owing to passing through NH3Refrigerating medium cools down fish hold (68a～c), therefore, it is possible to reduce low unit side fridge (40) freon R23 make consumption, it is possible to make the capacity at the low upper expansion tank (46,46 ') arranged of unit refrigerant cycle road, side (42) be greatly decreased。
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the shipboard binary refrigeration system being such as suitable for being mounted on tuna long liner etc.。
Background technology
In the tuna long liner of ocean, in order to keep freshness, the tuna caught is freezed and cold insulation with-60 DEG C。Therefore, freeze storehouse and fish hold is all cooled into the ultralow temperature of-60 DEG C。Being reprinted to freezing carry vessel the tuna that freezed in tuna long liner, in freezing carry vessel, cold insulation becomes-55 DEG C and is transported to consumption place。The cold-producing medium of the refrigerating plant of tuna long liner and freezing carry vessel was used in ultralow temperature region in the past and had the freon R22 of superior characteristic。Utilize Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the refrigerating plant of the freezen protective being in the past used for tuna is illustrated。
The refrigerating plant of two-stage compressor is possessed shown in Fig. 4。This refrigerating plant 200 is provided with two-stage compressor 204 and condenser 206 in the refrigerant cycle road 202 for freon R22 circulation。Freon R22 after being pressurizeed by two-stage compressor 204 is cooled down by condenser 206 and liquefies。Refrigerant cycle road 202 is in the downstream branch of condenser 206, and is connected with multiple fish hold 210a and 210b。Upstream side at fish hold 210a, 210b is provided with expansion valve 208a, 208b, is provided with the cold-producing medium evaporation tube (omitting diagram) connected with refrigerant cycle road 202 in fish hold 210a, 210b。
Further, refrigerating plant possesses: cold-producing medium road 212, and the position of ratio condenser 206 downstream on the intermediate refrigerant road between stage compressor and the higher stage compressor of two-stage compressor 204 and refrigerant cycle road 202 is connected by it；Liquid chiller 214, position and the cold-producing medium road 212 of the branch downstream of its ratio across refrigerant cycle road 202 and cold-producing medium road 212 branch and arrange；Expansion valve 216, it is arranged on the ratio liquid chiller 214 position by upstream side on cold-producing medium road 212。In the downstream of condenser 206, a part of R22 is imported to cold-producing medium road 212, and reduced pressure by expansion valve 216 and supply to liquid chiller 214。Make post-decompression R22 evaporate by liquid chiller 214, utilize this evaporation latent heat that the R22 on refrigerant cycle road 202 is cooled down, thus make COP improve。The R22 of the gasification on cold-producing medium road 212 returns to the intermediate refrigerant road of two-stage compressor 204。
Evaporated in the cold-producing medium evaporation tube be arranged at fish hold 210a, 210b by the post-decompression freon R22 of expansion valve 208a, 208b, fish hold 210a, 210b are cooled down。Cold-producing medium evaporation tube is such as made up of the capillary coil pipe (hairpincoil) with unsettled fin (aerofin) on the ceiling being arranged in fish hold, sidewall, floor, or forms the pipe canopy (cold-producing medium evaporation tube is assembled into canopy shape) of mounting catches。Refrigerating plant 200 can make the ultralow temperature that fish hold 210a, 210b become-60 DEG C, and can make apparatus structure cost degradation。
On land, in order to tuna to be carried out keeping in the ultralow temperature region of-60 DEG C, and the two-dimensional refrigerating plant high unit's side fridge and low unit side fridge combined is used。The cold-producing medium of high unit side fridge used R22, R404A, NH in the past3, the cold-producing medium of low unit side fridge is used in ultralow temperature region and has the R23 of superior characteristic。Utilize Fig. 5, the structure of this two-dimensional refrigerating plant is illustrated。
In Figure 5, the high unit side fridge 310 of two-dimensional refrigerating plant 300, with freon R22 etc. for cold-producing medium, is provided with high unit side compression machine 314, condenser 316, expansion valve 318 and cascade condenser 320 in high unit refrigerant cycle road, side 312。On the other hand, low unit side fridge 330, with freon R23 for cold-producing medium, is provided with low unit's side compression machine 334 and expansion tank 336 in low unit refrigerant cycle road, side 332, and is connected with cascade condenser 320。Low unit refrigerant cycle road, side 332 is in the downstream branch of cascade condenser 320, and is connected with multiple fish hold 340a and 340b。Upstream side at fish hold 340a, 340b is provided with expansion valve 338a, 338b。Fish hold 340a, 340b are provided with the cold-producing medium evaporation tube (omitting diagram) connected with low first refrigerant cycle road, side 332。This cold-producing medium evaporation tube is same with the cold-producing medium evaporation tube of fish hold 210a, 210b of Fig. 4, is made up of capillary coil pipe or pipe canopy。
In two-dimensional refrigerating plant 300, in cascade condenser 320, freon R22 etc. absorb heat from freon R23。Cooled down the freon R23 becoming aqueous to evaporate in the cold-producing medium evaporation tube be configured at fish hold 340a, 340b by absorption heat, fish hold 340a, 340b are cooled down。Operating stop in, heat up and gasify after freon R23 be recycled to expansion tank 336, prevent low unit refrigerant cycle road, side 332 high-pressure trend。Fish hold 340a, 340b can be cooled to the ultralow temperature of-60 DEG C by such two-dimensional refrigerating plant。
Having a kind of refrigerating plant disclosed in patent documentation 1, it is with NH3For cold-producing medium, possesses two-stage compressor, it is possible to the ultralow temperature of less than-60 DEG C will be cooled in fish hold。It addition, there is the cooler in a kind of fish hold being suitably arranged at fishing boat disclosed in patent documentation 2。This cooling apparatus is standby: housing；The cold-producing medium evaporation tube arranged in the inside of this housing；There is the cold wind generator of the aerator of the flowing being internally formed in fish hold air at this housing。Thus, make the cold-producing medium of flowing in cold-producing medium evaporation tube carry out heat exchange with the air-flow formed by aerator, fish hold is cooled down。This cooler, compared with capillary serpentine manner or pipe canopy mode, has the refrigerant amount can being greatly reduced to the supply of cold-producing medium evaporation tube and reduces the advantage consuming power。
[patent documentation 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2006-214611 publication
[patent documentation 2] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2006-29713 publication
Due to HCFC (HCFC) the cold-producing medium wholly off use to the year two thousand twenty being representative with freon R22, it is therefore desirable to exploitation replaces its cold-producing medium。At this, as the alternative refrigerant of freon R22, developed in recent years with freon R404A HFC (hydrogen fluorohydrocarbon) cold-producing medium being representative。Freon R404A is same with freon R22, has superior characteristic in ultralow temperature region。But, it is 3300 so high problems that R404A exists global warming potential (GWP)。
For cold-producing medium unit price, freon R404A is NH3About 10 again so high price。Such as, when using freon R404A in the refrigerating plant being equipped on 400 tonnes of tuna long liners, each the freon R404A needing about 3000kg, causes big burden to fishery operator。
Freon R23 is HFC refrigerant, and its global warming potential (GWP) is also high, and its unit price is NH3About 15 times, and be freon R404A about 1.5 again so high price。It addition, the saturation pressure of-70 DEG C of freon R23 is 0.19MPa, the saturation pressure of 25 DEG C is 4.72MPa so high pressure。Therefore, when refrigerating plant stops, the plumbing fixture class effect being arranged in refrigerant cycle road there is is very high pressure, in order to prevent this situation, and needs jumbo expansion tank。Such as, in the refrigerating plant of freon R23 employing about 3000kg, it is necessary to there is 30m3The expansion tank of capacity。Accordingly, it is difficult to carry to the boats and ships of the limited space of Machine Room。
It addition, when the refrigerating plant 200 shown in Fig. 4 and two-dimensional refrigerating plant 300 shown in Fig. 5, contain refrigerator oil at each equipment or in being configured at the cold-producing medium evaporation tube of fish hold, thus there is the problem making heat transfer efficiency reduce。Therefore, it is necessary to carry out the oil extraction of each equipment when docking, and on the cold-producing medium evaporation tube be disposed in fish hold perforate to carry out oil extraction。This problem produces too in the refrigerating plant disclosed in patent documentation 1。
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes in view of the problem of above-mentioned prior art, it is intended that using as natural refrigerant and cheap NH3And use freon R23 to be used as in the two-dimensional refrigerating plant of low unit side cold-producing medium, it is possible to realize cost degradation, and reduce the capacity of expansion tank and boats and ships can be equipped on, and be made without the oil extraction of the cooling tube being configured in fish hold。
In order to realize such purpose, the shipboard binary refrigeration system of the present invention possesses: high unit side refrigerating plant, and it has the high unit side freeze cycle constitution equipment arranged on high unit refrigerant cycle road, side, and this height unit refrigerant cycle road, side is for by NH3The high unit side refrigerant cycle constituted；Low unit side refrigerating plant, it has the freeze cycle constitution equipment being respectively provided with on low unit refrigerant cycle road, side and the expansion tank reclaiming the freon R23 gasified when operating stops, and this low unit refrigerant cycle road, side is for the low unit side refrigerant cycle being made up of freon R23；Cascade condenser, it is arranged across high unit refrigerant cycle road, side and low unit refrigerant cycle road, side, and allows heat exchange between high unit's side cold-producing medium and low unit side cold-producing medium；Refrigerating medium heat exchanger, it is arranged on for by NH3On the refrigerating medium circulation road of the refrigerating medium circulation constituted, for fish hold is cooled down；Refrigerating medium liquefier, it is arranged across low unit refrigerant cycle road, side and refrigerating medium circulation road, and allows heat exchange between low unit's side cold-producing medium and refrigerating medium。
NH in described refrigerating medium circulation road3Refrigerating medium carries out heat exchange with freon R23 in refrigerating medium liquefier and is cooled and liquefies。The NH of post liquefaction3Refrigerating medium is directed in fish hold in the refrigerating medium heat exchanger of configuration to cooling down in fish hold, and fish hold is cooled to-60 DEG C。
According to the present invention, as high unit side cold-producing medium, use as natural refrigerant and cheap NH3, it is possible to cost degradation。Although it addition, use freon R23 as low unit side cold-producing medium, but circulating the NH of circulation in road owing to utilizing at refrigerating medium3Fish hold is cooled down by refrigerating medium, therefore, it is possible to make the consumption that makes of the freon R23 of high price be greatly decreased。Therefore, it is possible to realize cost degradation, and the impact on global warming can be suppressed。Further, since the consumption that makes of freon R23 can be made to be greatly decreased, therefore, it is possible to make the capacity of the expansion tank arranged on low unit refrigerant cycle road, side be greatly decreased, thereby, it is possible to realize the two-dimensional refrigerating plant lift-launch to boats and ships。And, it does not have circulate road to refrigerating medium be mixed into refrigerator oil from high unit's side refrigerating plant and low unit side refrigerating plant。Therefore, there is no need to the refrigerating medium heat exchanger from being arranged in refrigerating medium circulation road and fish hold and carry out oil extraction, thus safeguarding and becoming easy。
In the present invention, described shipboard binary refrigeration system can also possess: bypass, and it can be walked around cascade condenser and connect being used between the position on the condenser of one of high unit side freeze cycle constitution equipment high unit refrigerant cycle road, side downstream and the position than cascade condenser high unit refrigerant cycle road, side downstream；Heat exchanger, it circulates road across this bypass and refrigerating medium and arranges, and allows heat exchange between high unit's side cold-producing medium and refrigerating medium。
Thus, high unit side cold-producing medium is utilized, it is possible to come NH via described heat exchanger not via low unit's side refrigerating plant3Refrigerating medium cools down。When fish hold being cooled to-60 DEG C, for instance when loading bait in the fish hold of fishing boat and go to fishing ground, fish hold is cooled to-20 DEG C～about-40 DEG C。Now, by utilizing high unit side cold-producing medium to NH3Refrigerating medium cools down such that it is able to fish hold is cooled to-20 DEG C～about-40 DEG C。Therefore, there is no need to make the side refrigerating plant action of low unit such that it is able to reduce and drive power, it is possible to operate with low cost。
In the present invention, described shipboard binary refrigeration system can also possess: is arranged in fish hold, is formed as the refrigerating medium evaporation tube of box-shaped as refrigerating medium heat exchanger, and is formed with gap between described refrigerating medium evaporation tube；The mechanism by the air stream of this refrigerating medium evaporation tube including aerator and formation。Thus, the air stream by refrigerating medium evaporation tube is formed such that it is able to improve NH3Refrigerating medium and the heat transfer efficiency of air in fish hold。Therefore, compared with capillary serpentine manner or pipe canopy mode, it is possible to reduce capacity and the length of refrigerating medium evaporation tube such that it is able to reduce NH3The quantity delivered of refrigerating medium, and the structure cost degradation of fish hold can be made。
In existing two-dimensional refrigerating plant, for instance when being equipped on the tuna long liner of 400 tonnes, it is necessary to the freon R23 of about 3000kg, accordingly, it would be desirable to 30m3The expansion tank of capacity。On the other hand, when the two-dimensional refrigerating plant of the present invention is equipped on tuna long liner, it is possible to the consumption that makes of freon R23 is suppressed into 50～500kg, therefore, it is possible to the capacity of expansion tank is reduced to 0.5～5.0m3。It is thus possible to carry to tuna long liner。
[invention effect]
In accordance with the invention it is possible to be cooled to the ultralow temperature region of-60 DEG C, and use as natural refrigerant and cheap NH3, and the consumption that makes of high price and the big freon R23 of global warming potential (GWP) can be made to be greatly decreased, therefore, it is possible to cost degradation, and the impact on greenhouse effect can be suppressed。Further, owing to the capacity of the expansion tank arranged on low unit refrigerant cycle road, side can be made to be greatly decreased, therefore, it is possible to carry to boats and ships, and the oil extraction operation in refrigerating medium heat exchanger it is made without when safeguarding。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the system diagram of the two-dimensional refrigerating plant that first embodiment of the present invention relates to。
Fig. 2 is the front sectional view of the fish hold of above-mentioned first embodiment。
Fig. 3 is the system diagram of the two-dimensional refrigerating plant that second embodiment of the present invention relates to。
Fig. 4 is the system diagram of the existing refrigerating plant possessing two-stage compressor。
Fig. 5 is the system diagram of existing two-dimensional refrigerating plant。
[symbol description]
10A, 10B, 300 two-dimensional refrigerating plants
20,310 high unit side fridge
22,312 high unit refrigerant cycle road, side
24,314 high unit side compression machine
26,206,316 condenser
28,50,110,208a, 208b, 216,338a, 338b expansion valve
30,320 cascade condenser
40,330 low yuan of side fridges
42, refrigerant cycle road, 332 low yuan of sides
44,334 low yuan of side compression machines
46,46 ', 336 expansion tank
48 open and close valves
52 refrigerating medium liquefier
60,61 refrigerating medium circulation road
60a～c branch path
62 liquid pumps
64 low-pressure oil storages
66a～c, 88,96,102 flow rate regulating valve
68a～c, 210a, 20b, 340a, 340b fish hold
70 decks
72 thermal wall
74 cold insulation rooms
The 76 cold wind cyclic spaces
76a spatial portion
78 cut off wall body (air stream formation mechanism)
78a floor
80 gateways
82 closed covers
84 cold wind generators
84a housing
84b refrigerating medium evaporation tube
84c aerator (air stream formation mechanism)
86,100 capillary coil pipe
90 collecting fittings
92a, 92b collector
94 pipe canopies
104 bypasses
106 three-way valve
108 heat exchangers
200 refrigerating plants
202 refrigerant cycle roads
204 two-stage compressors
212 cold-producing medium roads
214 liquid chillers
Detailed description of the invention
Hereinafter, utilize embodiment illustrated that the present invention is described in detail。Wherein, the scope of the present invention, as long as no especially specifically recording, is not just defined in this meaning by the size of the component parts described in this embodiment, material, shape and relative configuration thereof etc.。
(embodiment 1)
Based on Fig. 1, first embodiment of apparatus of the present invention is illustrated。Present embodiment relates to the two-dimensional refrigerating plant being equipped on tuna long liner。In FIG, the two-dimensional refrigerating plant 10A of present embodiment is made up of high unit side fridge 20, low unit side fridge 40, the equipment that is arranged in refrigerating medium circulation road 60 and 61。High unit side fridge 20 is for NH3The high unit refrigerant cycle road, side 22 of refrigerant cycle is provided with high first side compression machine 24, condenser 26, expansion valve 28。Low unit side fridge 40 is provided with low first side compression machine 44, expansion tank 46, expansion valve 50 in for the low unit refrigerant cycle road, side 42 of freon R23 circulation。
Cascade condenser 30 is arranged across the position on the position on the high unit refrigerant cycle road, side 22 in the downstream of expansion valve 28 and the low unit refrigerant cycle road, side 42 in the downstream of low unit side compression machine 44。NH from the high pressure after side compression machine 24 ejection of high unit3Cold-producing medium is condensed by condenser 26。Afterwards, NH3Cold-producing medium is reduced pressure by expansion valve 28, and absorbs heat from the freon R23 as low unit side cold-producing medium in cascade condenser 30 and evaporate, backward high unit side compression machine 24 return。
Circulate road 60 is provided with at refrigerating medium and make NH3The liquid pump 62 of refrigerating medium circulation and low-pressure oil storage 64。Refrigerating medium circulation road 60 is branched off into branch path 60a～c in the downstream of liquid pump 62。Branch path 60a～c is respectively equipped with flow rate regulating valve 66a～c, is connected with fish hold 68a～c respectively in the downstream of flow rate regulating valve 66a～c。Refrigerating medium circulation road 61 also it is connected to separately except low-pressure oil storage 64 circulates road 60 except refrigerating medium。Refrigerating medium liquefier 52 is arranged across position and the refrigerating medium circulation road 61 on the low unit refrigerant cycle road, side 42 in the downstream of expansion valve 50。
NH in low-pressure oil storage 643Gas circulates road 61 by refrigerating medium and flows into refrigerating medium liquefier 52。It is flowed into the NH in refrigerating medium liquefier 523Gas is cooled liquefaction in refrigerating medium liquefier 52, and circulate road 61 by refrigerating medium and return to low-pressure oil storage 64。
Cascade condenser 30, the NH of high unit side cold-producing medium it is taken as from the freon R23 of the high pressure of low unit side compression machine 44 ejection3Cool down and condense。Condensed freon R23 is reduced pressure by expansion valve 50, and in refrigerating medium liquefier 52 with NH3Refrigerating medium carries out heat exchange, to NH3Refrigerating medium cools down, and self evaporates。Freon R23 after evaporation returns to low unit side compression machine 44。When the operating of two-dimensional refrigerating plant 10A stops, opening open and close valve 48, will heat up and freon R23 after gasifying houses in expansion tank 46, prevent freon R23 from becoming the situation of high pressure。
The NH cooled down by freon R23 in refrigerating medium liquefier 52 and liquefied3Refrigerating medium is temporarily stored in low-pressure oil storage 64。It is stored to the NH in low-pressure oil storage 643Refrigerating medium liquid is carried to fish hold 68a～c by liquid pump 62。NH3Refrigerating medium liquid passes through flow rate regulating valve 66a～c, and flows in the refrigerating medium evaporation tube being arranged at each fish hold 68a～c, NH in this refrigerating medium evaporation tube3The part evaporation of refrigerating medium liquid, cools down this fish hold。NH from this fish hold gas-liquid two-phase flow out3Refrigerating medium returns to low-pressure oil storage 64。
Then, utilize Fig. 2, the structure of fish hold 68a～c is illustrated。In fig. 2, fish hold 68a is disposed in the downside on deck 70, has thermal wall 72, comes regulation insulated space portion by this thermal wall 72。Internal rules at fish hold 68a go out cold insulation room 74, and around cold insulation room 74, regulation goes out the cold wind cyclic space 76。The partition wall body 78 that cold insulation room 74 is made up of the metal (such as aluminum) of the good conductor of heat surrounds, and specifies the cold wind cyclic space 76 between this partition wall body 78 and thermal wall 72。
Highlight the gateway 80 forming oriented deck 70 opening in the upper wall side cutting off wall body 78, this gateway 80 cut off with the cold wind cyclic space 76 and to cold insulation room 74 opening。The closed cover 82 having opening and closing freely installed above in gateway 80。End side (in fig. 2 for left side) in the cold wind cyclic space 76 is provided with the space wider than other parts, is provided with cold wind generator 84 in this spatial portion 76a。Cold wind generator 84 includes: be arranged at the housing 84a of spatial portion 76a；It is accommodated in the inside of housing 84a and NH3The refrigerating medium evaporation tube 84b that refrigerating medium circulation road 60 connects；The aerator 84c arranged on the top of housing 84a。
Branch path 60a is connected with refrigerating medium evaporation tube 84b in the downstream of flow rate regulating valve 66a。The tuna caught and freezed is put into cold insulation room 74 from gateway 80, afterwards, utilizes closed cover 82 to cover gateway 80。Housing 84a has opening in upper and lower surface, and air stream enters from lower openings, cooled and from upper opening out。By the operating of cold wind generator 84, aerator 84c works, and makes air circulate along the vertical direction in the cold wind cyclic space 76。NH3The air of circulation in the cold wind cyclic space 76 is cooled down by refrigerating medium liquid in refrigerating medium evaporation tube 84b, the NH that a part has gasified3The two-phase flow of refrigerating medium circulates road 60 via branch path 60a to refrigerating medium and returns。Under the effect of the air of this cooling, cold insulation room 74 is cooled down from ceiling wall, sidewall, floor。(possessing the details of fish hold of cold wind generator 84 with reference to patent documentation 2)。
The thermal wall 72 of fish hold 68b and 68c, identical with fish hold 68a to the gateway 80 of deck 70 opening and the structure of closed cover 82。In fish hold 68b, in the downstream of flow rate regulating valve 66b, branch path 60b is to multiple capillary coil pipe 86 branches as refrigerating medium evaporation tube。It is provided with flow rate regulating valve 88 in the porch of each capillary coil pipe 86。Capillary coil pipe 86 is disposed on the ceiling of fish hold 68b, floor and sidewall。NH3After fish hold 68b is cooled down by refrigerating medium liquid in capillary coil pipe 86, collaborate to collecting fitting 90, circulate road 60 via branch path 60b to refrigerating medium afterwards and return。Same with fish hold 68a, capillary coil pipe 86 the fish hold 68b cooled down also takes care of tuna that is captured and that freezed。
In fish hold 68c, collector 92a and 92b is arranged along the vertical direction, between collector 92a, 92b, as multiple pipe canopies of refrigerating medium evaporation tube (by refractory slab with for NH3The naked pipe of refrigerating medium flowing is constituted) 94 configure in the horizontal direction and be connected between two collectors。Each pipe canopy 94 is provided with flow rate regulating valve 96。On pipe canopy 94, mounting is captured and has processed the tuna of internal organs etc. and freezed。Upper space at fish hold 68c is configured with capillary coil pipe 100, and capillary coil pipe 100 is connected with collector 92a, 92b。It is provided with flow rate regulating valve 102 in the porch of capillary coil pipe 100。
The NH flowed into from branch path 60c to collector 92a3Refrigerating medium liquid flows in the direction of the arrow in pipe canopy 94 and capillary coil pipe 100, this, NH3The part evaporation of refrigerating medium liquid and fish hold 68c is cooled to the temperature of-60 DEG C。Become the NH of gas-liquid two-phase flow3Refrigerating medium collaborates in collector 92b, circulates road 60 via branch path 60c to refrigerating medium and returns。
Two-dimensional refrigerating plant 10A according to present embodiment, it is possible to fish hold 68a～c is cooled to and tuna freshness can be freezed well and the ultralow temperature region of-60 DEG C of freezen protective, and use as natural refrigerant and cheap NH3As high unit side cold-producing medium such that it is able to eliminate the impact on greenhouse effect, and can low cost。It addition, by arranging refrigerating medium circulation road 60, and utilize NH3Fish hold 68a, 68b are cooled down by refrigerating medium such that it is able to what as the low unit side cold-producing medium freon R23 that use is greatly reduced makes consumption。Thereby, it is possible to make the capacity of expansion tank 46 significantly reduce, and two-dimensional refrigerating plant 10A can be formed as the size that can be mounted in tuna long liner。
Such as, in 400 tonnes of tuna long liners, when existing two-dimensional refrigerating plant, it is necessary to the freon R23 of about 3000kg, and need that there is 30m3The expansion tank of capacity。On the other hand, in the present embodiment, it is possible to the consumption that makes of freon R23 is reduced to 50～200kg, thereby, it is possible to the capacity of expansion tank 46 is reduced to 0.5～5.0m3。Alternatively, it is also possible to expansion tank 46 is made up of multiple as 46 '。Thereby, it is possible to make the further miniaturization of each expansion tank, therefore, it is possible in multiple narrow space expansion tank being distributed in ship。
Additionally, it has not been mixed into refrigerator oil owing to circulating in road 60 at refrigerating medium, therefore when docking, it is not necessary to discharge the operation of refrigerator oil from the refrigerating medium evaporation tube (the refrigerating medium evaporation tube 84b of fish hold 68a, the capillary coil pipe 86 of fish hold 68b, the pipe canopy 94 of fish hold 68c and capillary coil pipe 100) being arranged on fish hold 68a～c。Further, in fish hold 68a, the cold wind cyclic space 76 arranges cold wind generator 84, form the air stream by refrigerating medium evaporation tube 84b, therefore compared with the pipe canopy mode of the capillary serpentine manner of fish hold 68b or fish hold 68c, it is possible to make heat transfer effect improve。Therefore, it is possible to capacity and the length of among fish hold 68as the refrigerating medium evaporation tube 84b of arranging is greatly reduced。Therefore, it is possible to cold wind generator 84 is formed as cell-like such that it is able to realize cost degradation, and can reduce refrigerating medium make consumption。
(embodiment 2)
Then, utilize Fig. 3, second embodiment of apparatus of the present invention is illustrated。The two-dimensional refrigerating plant 10B of present embodiment is except the structure of above-mentioned first embodiment, being additionally provided with bypass 104 on high unit refrigerant cycle road, side 22, this bypass 104 is walked around expansion valve 28 and cascade condenser 30 and is connected by the position of the branch than condenser 26 bypass 104 downstream with than the position on cascade condenser 30 high unit refrigerant cycle road, side 22 downstream。Branch at bypass 104 is provided with NH3The three-way valve 106 that cold-producing medium supplies to high unit refrigerant cycle road, side 22 or branch's circulation road 104 switching。
It is provided with heat exchanger 108 across bypass 104 with than refrigerating medium liquefier 52 refrigerating medium by the upstream circulation road 61。Ratio heat exchanger 108 at bypass 104 leans on the position of upstream side to be provided with expansion valve 110。By heat exchanger 108 at high unit's side cold-producing medium and NH3Heat exchange can be carried out between refrigerating medium。Other structure of present embodiment is identical with the first embodiment。
In the present embodiment, when fish hold 68a～c being cooled to-60 DEG C, for instance when putting into bait and go to fishing ground in the fish hold 68a～c of tuna long liner, as long as fish hold 68a～c is cooled to-20 DEG C～about-40 DEG C。Now, stop the operating of low unit side fridge 40, switching three-way valve 106, and height unit side cold-producing medium is supplied to bypass 104。Thus, heat exchanger 108 makes high unit's side cold-producing medium and NH3Refrigerating medium carries out heat exchange, is come NH by high unit side cold-producing medium3Refrigerating medium cools down。Thereby, it is possible to fish hold 68a～c is cooled to-20 DEG C～about-40 DEG C。
According to present embodiment, except the action effect obtained in the above-described first embodiment, when fish hold 68a～c is cooled to-20 DEG C～about-40 DEG C, it is not necessary to make side fridge 40 action of low unit, therefore, it is possible to operate with low cost。It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the branch of bypass 104 is arranged on the high unit refrigerant cycle road, side 22 of upstream side of expansion valve 28 but it also may replace and be arranged on the high unit refrigerant cycle road, side 22 between expansion valve 28 and cascade condenser 30。
Industrial applicibility
In accordance with the invention it is possible to realize being cooled to the ultralow temperature region of-60 DEG C, and can densification and can carry to boats and ships, and the two-dimensional refrigerating plant of cost degradation。
Claims (5)
1. a shipboard binary refrigeration system, it is characterised in that possess:
High unit side refrigerating plant, it has the high unit side freeze cycle constitution equipment arranged on high unit refrigerant cycle road, side, and this height unit refrigerant cycle road, side is for by NH3The high unit side refrigerant cycle constituted；
Low unit side refrigerating plant, it has the freeze cycle constitution equipment being respectively provided with on low unit refrigerant cycle road, side and the expansion tank reclaiming the freon R23 gasified when operating stops, and this low unit refrigerant cycle road, side is for the low unit side refrigerant cycle being made up of freon R23；
Cascade condenser, it is arranged across described high unit refrigerant cycle road, side and described low unit refrigerant cycle road, side, and allows heat exchange between described high unit's side cold-producing medium and described low unit side cold-producing medium；
Refrigerating medium heat exchanger, it is arranged on for by NH3On the refrigerating medium circulation road of the refrigerating medium circulation constituted, for fish hold is cooled down；
Refrigerating medium liquefier, it is arranged across described low unit refrigerant cycle road, side and described refrigerating medium circulation road, and allows heat exchange between described low unit's side cold-producing medium and described refrigerating medium。
2. shipboard binary refrigeration system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be also equipped with:
Bypass, it can be walked around described cascade condenser and connect being used between the position on the condenser of one of described high unit side freeze cycle constitution equipment described high unit refrigerant cycle road, side downstream and the position than described cascade condenser described high unit refrigerant cycle road, side downstream；
Heat exchanger, it circulates road across described bypass and described refrigerating medium and arranges, and allows heat exchange between described high unit's side cold-producing medium and described refrigerating medium。
3. shipboard binary refrigeration system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be also equipped with:
It is arranged in described fish hold, is formed as the refrigerating medium evaporation tube of box-shaped as described refrigerating medium heat exchanger, and is formed with gap between described refrigerating medium evaporation tube；
The mechanism by the air stream of this refrigerating medium evaporation tube including aerator and formation。
4. shipboard binary refrigeration system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
It is equipped on tuna long liner。
5. shipboard binary refrigeration system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that
The capacity of described expansion tank is 0.5～5.0m3。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012-105027 | 2012-05-02 | ||
| JP2012105027A JP5918619B2 (en) | 2012-05-02 | 2012-05-02 | Hagi longline frozen fishing boat |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103383156A CN103383156A (en) | 2013-11-06 |
| CN103383156B true CN103383156B (en) | 2016-06-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201210272110.4A Active CN103383156B (en) | 2012-05-02 | 2012-08-01 | Shipboard binary refrigeration system |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP5918619B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101786563B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103383156B (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI526659B (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101659979B1 (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2016-09-26 | (주)대성마리프 | Indirect cooling system which can arbitrarily control humidity and temperature of warehouse |
| CN108151362B (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2020-10-30 | 台州龙江化工机械科技有限公司 | Refrigerating system |
| CN115214852B (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2024-06-14 | 福建省马尾造船股份有限公司 | Marine tuna freezing storage cabin |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2468895Y (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-01-02 | 北京天利深冷设备股份有限公司 | Cryogenic complete set structure for ship |
| CN1815108A (en) * | 2005-02-01 | 2006-08-09 | 日新兴业株式会社 | Refrigeration device |
| JP4131549B2 (en) * | 2004-07-20 | 2008-08-13 | 株式会社前川製作所 | Low temperature cold storage for frozen fishing boats |
| JP2009522156A (en) * | 2005-12-28 | 2009-06-11 | ワルトシラ フィンランド オサケユキチュア | Structure and method for providing cooling energy to a refrigerant circuit of a ship |
Family Cites Families (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04222355A (en) * | 1990-12-25 | 1992-08-12 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Binnary refrigerating equipment for cooling brine |
| JPH09255138A (en) * | 1996-03-15 | 1997-09-30 | Niigata Eng Co Ltd | Conveyance device in fish hold for fishing vessel |
| JP3270706B2 (en) * | 1997-03-24 | 2002-04-02 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Multi-source refrigeration equipment |
| JP4145742B2 (en) * | 2003-07-07 | 2008-09-03 | 株式会社前川製作所 | Ice cream freezer |
| JP4513110B2 (en) * | 2008-08-28 | 2010-07-28 | 株式会社前川製作所 | Farm water control method and apparatus for pelagic fishing boat |
| JP5512198B2 (en) * | 2009-08-26 | 2014-06-04 | 株式会社前川製作所 | Food freezing method and apparatus |
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2012
- 2012-05-02 JP JP2012105027A patent/JP5918619B2/en active Active
- 2012-08-01 CN CN201210272110.4A patent/CN103383156B/en active Active
- 2012-10-05 KR KR1020120110761A patent/KR101786563B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2012-11-23 TW TW101144038A patent/TWI526659B/en active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2468895Y (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-01-02 | 北京天利深冷设备股份有限公司 | Cryogenic complete set structure for ship |
| JP4131549B2 (en) * | 2004-07-20 | 2008-08-13 | 株式会社前川製作所 | Low temperature cold storage for frozen fishing boats |
| CN1815108A (en) * | 2005-02-01 | 2006-08-09 | 日新兴业株式会社 | Refrigeration device |
| JP2009522156A (en) * | 2005-12-28 | 2009-06-11 | ワルトシラ フィンランド オサケユキチュア | Structure and method for providing cooling energy to a refrigerant circuit of a ship |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TWI526659B (en) | 2016-03-21 |
| JP5918619B2 (en) | 2016-05-18 |
| TW201346203A (en) | 2013-11-16 |
| KR101786563B1 (en) | 2017-11-15 |
| KR20130123288A (en) | 2013-11-12 |
| CN103383156A (en) | 2013-11-06 |
| JP2013231568A (en) | 2013-11-14 |
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