CN103376225A - Determination method and device of pellet apparent porosity - Google Patents
Determination method and device of pellet apparent porosity Download PDFInfo
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- CN103376225A CN103376225A CN2013102774430A CN201310277443A CN103376225A CN 103376225 A CN103376225 A CN 103376225A CN 2013102774430 A CN2013102774430 A CN 2013102774430A CN 201310277443 A CN201310277443 A CN 201310277443A CN 103376225 A CN103376225 A CN 103376225A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a determination method and device of the pellet apparent porosity. The determination method of the pellet apparent porosity comprises the following steps of: firstly, weighing the weight of a dried test sample; then removing air in an opening gap of the test sample, and filling with a liquid; then weighing the test sample which is saturated by the liquid in the liquid, and calculating the weight and the wet weight of the test sample; and finally, calculating the open pore volume and the total volume of the test sample, thereby obtaining the apparent porosity of the test sample. The determination method is used for determining by utilizing the Archimedes principle, and has the characteristics of quickness, accuracy, good reproducibility and the like. The determination method and the determination device of the pellet apparent porosity provided by the invention not only are suitable for determining the pellet apparent porosity, but also can be used for determining the apparent porosity of other products with micro pores. The determination device is simple in device structure, is practical, and can rapidly and accurately detect the apparent porosity of products of pellet, ceramics, fireproof materials and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the physical and chemical inspection technical field, especially a kind of assay method of pellet apparent porosity and determinator.
Background technology
Pellet is the chief component of blast furnace feeding raw material, have of high grade, intensity is good, the advantages such as epigranular, the chemical constitution of pellet, compressive strength, the index such as tumbler index and metallurgical performance is to weigh the important evidence of its quality, be widely used at present in enterprise's production, and the apparent porosity of pellet is to weigh the important indicator of pellet equally, this index has been reacted the compactness extent of the inner structure of pellet, it is to the pellet ore reduction performance, tumbler index and compressive strength all have important impact, and it is very necessary therefore to measure the pellet apparent porosity.
Pellet is the sphere that is formed by high-temperature roasting by iron fine powder pelletizing, and degree of porosity is low and all be little pore, and essential mineral is haematite, and consolidation style is that solid phase is fixed.The hole of pellet is the circular channel that is interconnected to form by the hole between the particle, and particle recrystallization and glomerocryst are grown up in roasting process, passages shrink, and pelletizing is fine and close, and porosity reduces.Therefore finished ball nodulizing apparent porosity has reflected the crystallization degree of haematite, also can reflect simultaneously pelletizing production the sintering temperature curve setting rationally whether, can instruct to produce and improve technique, rationalize thermal system by measuring the pellet apparent porosity.And pellet apparent porosity assay method excludes in the national standard, and each iron and steel enterprise and research institution are also different to the assay method of pellet apparent porosity, and rarely have report.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provide a kind of fast, the assay method of pellet apparent porosity accurately; The present invention also provides a kind of determinator of pellet apparent porosity.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the inventive method is taked is: the weight of the dry sample of weighing at first; Then the air exhausting in the sample clearance gap is removed, fill with liquid; Again with saturated sample weighing in liquid of liquid, calculate its weight and weight in wet base; Calculate at last sample open volume and cumulative volume, can obtain the apparent porosity of sample.
The further determination step of the present invention is: (1) with sample drying, cleaning after, the mass M of the dry sample of weighing
1
(2) elder generation with the sample soaked with liquid of weighing, soaks under atmospheric pressure state under vacuum state again, makes the sample adsorptive liquid to state of saturation;
(3) sample of adsorptive liquid to state of saturation is immersed in the liquid, then takes by weighing, calculate buoyant weight F and the weight in wet base M of sample
2, can calculate sample apparent porosity P according to formula (); Described M
1, M
2Identical with the linear module of F;
P=(M
2-M
1)/F (one).
The grain size category of the sample in the step of the present invention (1) is 10～15mm; 18～24 samples of each mensuration.Then sample in the described step (1) is cooled to room temperature in 105 ± 5 ℃ of lower oven dry 2～3 hours; The cleaning mode of described sample is for till blowing brush and not having dust to the surface with high pressure nitrogen.
Sample in the step of the present invention (2) is used soaked with liquid 30～50min under the condition that is evacuated to negative pressure 70 ± 5 KPa.Sample in the described step (2) soaks 20～40min under atmospheric pressure state.
Liquid of the present invention is water.
Weighing process in the step of the present invention (3) is: the weight M of A, weighing hanging basket
0
B, hanging basket is immersed in the liquid buoyant weight F of weighing hanging basket
0
C, wipe adsorptive liquid to the drop of the specimen surface of state of saturation, then put into hanging basket; Hanging basket and sample are hung immersion liquid, take by weighing the buoyant weight F of the two
1
D, break away from above-mentioned suspension, hanging basket and sample are sunk to liquid bottom, the two weight M of weighing
3
E, can calculate buoyant weight F and the weight in wet base M of sample according to formula (I) and (II)
2
F＝F
1－F
0 （Ⅰ）
M
2＝M
3－M
0 （Ⅱ）。
The assay device structures that the present invention is used for said method is: it includes the electronic balance for weighing; The hanging basket that is used for the lifting sample; The beaker that is used for carrying liquid; And the cross bar and the S-hook that are used for hanging basket.
The described hanging basket of apparatus of the present invention is made of three layers of support and central shaft; Every layer of support has 6～8 radial being fixed on the central shaft of pole, is connected with 2 circle annulus on the described pole; Described central shaft top is provided with hanging ring.The ring of described annulus 9 is apart from being 8mm, and outer ring diameter is 60mm.
Apparent porosity means the volume of all open pores of sample and the ratio of its cumulative volume, and the present invention measures according to Archimedes principle.The weight of the dry sample of elder generation's weighing during mensuration, then the air exhausting in the sample clearance gap is removed, fill with liquid, then the sample with saturated liquid is placed on the multilayer hanging-basket, weight and the weight in wet base that is hung in the liquid hung in weighing, then calculate sample open volume and cumulative volume, obtain at last the apparent porosity of sample.
The beneficial effect that adopts technique scheme to produce is: apparent porosity means the volume and the ratio of its cumulative volume of all open pores of sample, and the present invention measures according to Archimedes principle, has fast, the characteristics such as accurate, favorable reproducibility.The present invention is not only applicable to the mensuration of pellet apparent porosity, also can be used for other with the mensuration of the product apparent porosity of little pore.
Present device is simple and practical, can detect fast and accurately the apparent porosity of the products such as pellet, pottery, fire resistive material.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is use view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is hanging basket front view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is hanging basket vertical view of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is s shape hook structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Among the figure: the 1-cross bar; 2-S shape hook; The 3-beaker; The 4-hanging basket; The 5-electronic balance; The 6-hanging ring; The 7-central shaft; The 8-support; The 9-annulus; 10-pole.
Embodiment
Shown in Figure 1, it includes electronic balance 5 for weighing the determinator of this pellet apparent porosity; The hanging basket 4 that is used for the lifting sample; The beaker 3 that is used for carrying liquid; And for the cross bar 1 of hanging basket and S-hook 2 shown in Figure 4.Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, described hanging basket is made of three layers of support 8 and central shaft 7; Every layer of support 8 has the radial pole 10 that is fixed on the central shaft 7 of the six roots of sensation, is connected with two circle annulus 9 on the described pole 10; Described pole 10 is adopted the stainless steel of 1mm, and the quantity of every layer of support 8 upper rack posts 10 can be as required affixed 6～8; Described annulus 9 adopts the stainless steel annulus of 0.5mm, and ring is apart from 8mm, and outer ring diameter is 60mm; Described central shaft 7 tops are provided with hanging ring 6, can utilize like this S-hook 2 that hanging basket 4 is suspended on the cross bar 1.After adopting said structure, hanging basket 4 every layer can place 6 samples, be partitioned into six rooms in order to carrying material by six roots of sensation pole 10 and two circle annulus 9, thereby the area that can avoid like this hanging basket of multilayer contact with sample too much produces bubble, the accuracy of impact measurement; So once experiment can detect 18 samples, and the sampling segregation phenomena of having avoided sample quantities may occur less is therefore more representative, and the experimental result favorable reproducibility.One-time detection sample grain number is more, and the experimental result reappearance is better, but considers the restriction (beaker, hanging basket size etc.) of testing equipment, and one-time detection sample grain number is advisable at 18～24.
Embodiment 1: the assay method of this pellet apparent porosity adopts the said determination device, and its concrete determination step is as described below.
(1) the pellet sample is sieved in sample producing oven dry, and the sample of getting grain size category and be 10～15mm is test specimen, sample is put into electrocaloric effect in 105 ℃ of lower oven dry 2.0 hours, and naturally cool to room temperature in drying box.
(2) oven dry cleaning is got 18 sample clean surface dusts, till blowing brush and do not have dust to the surface with high pressure nitrogen, and the mass M of weighing sample
1, be accurate to 0.01g.
(3) the sample vacuum liquid-charging is put into beaker to sample, slowly is filled to sample toward beaker and floods fully.Beaker is placed vacuum extractor, be evacuated to negative pressure 70KPa, keep 30min, beaker is taken out, in air, leave standstill 30min, make the sample planar water to state of saturation.
(4) buoyant weight of test specimens and weight in wet base, at first, the weight M of weighing hanging basket
0, then putting into the beaker that fills distilled water at electronic balance, height of water level 50mm presses reset button; Above electronic balance, place cross bar, with S-hook multilayer hanging-basket is connected with cross bar, put into beaker and guarantee that sample all is immersed in liquid, read hanging basket buoyant weight F after stablizing
0Take out hanging basket, then sample is taken out in liquid carefully wipe the residue water droplet (attention can not the moisture sucking-off the hole) of specimen surface with wet towel after, the sample of saturated adsorption liquid is put in the hanging basket, put into beaker with the hook connection, read the data F of buoyant weight after stablizing
1To link up with break away from cross bar and hanging basket to beaker bottom, this is to take off hook, reads the weight M of hanging basket and sample
3
(5) data are processed, and the data of measuring in the process of the test are brought in formula (I), (II) and (one), calculate the sample porosity;
Formula (I): F=F
1-F
0Formula (II): M
2=M
3-M
0Formula (one): P=(M
2-M
1)/F.
Present embodiment specifically detects data and result of calculation sees Table 1.
Embodiment 2: the concrete determination step of the assay method of this pellet apparent porosity is except following difference, and other are with embodiment 1.
(1) sample was in 110 ℃ of lower oven dry 2.5 hours; (3) be evacuated to negative pressure 75KPa, keep 50min, beaker is taken out, in air, leave standstill 40min, make the sample planar water to state of saturation.
Present embodiment specifically detects data and result of calculation sees Table 1.
Embodiment 3: the concrete determination step of the assay method of this pellet apparent porosity is except following difference, and other are with embodiment 1.
(1) sample was in 100 ℃ of lower oven dry 3 hours; (3) be evacuated to negative pressure 65KPa, keep 40min, beaker is taken out, in air, leave standstill 20min, make the sample planar water to state of saturation.
Present embodiment specifically detects data and result of calculation sees Table 1.
Comparative Examples 1～3: adopt existing wire cage (rectangular support frame of being made by thin wire), except single experiment working sample quantity was 2, other concrete detecting steps are corresponding embodiment 1～3 respectively.
Embodiment and Comparative Examples testing result: test sample is Handan Iron and Steel Co one ball workshop finished ball nodulizing, and grain size category is 10～15mm; Concrete detection data and result of calculation see Table 1.
Table 1: detect data and result
Can find out by table 1, the extreme difference of the experimental result of Comparative Examples is very large, reached 3.79, if the requirement to experiment is high, then also need do for supplement many experiments, get caulocarpic mean value, and cause the very large reason of experimental result extreme difference and the rare very large relation of working sample quantity, because pellet heating degree in the process of revolution roasting in kilns is not quite similar, therefore the apparent porosity of every sample all can have certain difference, therefore, should take this assay method of Multi-example quantity, the experimental error that the segregation of could effectively avoiding taking a sample brings, by as seen from Table 1, the test findings extreme difference of embodiment is less, only is 0.07, reappearance is fine, has reached requirement of experiment.
Claims (10)
1. the assay method of a pellet apparent porosity is characterized in that: the weight of the dry sample of weighing at first; Then the air exhausting in the sample clearance gap is removed, fill with liquid; Again with saturated sample weighing in liquid of liquid, calculate its weight and weight in wet base; Calculate at last sample open volume and cumulative volume, can obtain the apparent porosity of sample.
2. the assay method of pellet apparent porosity according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the determination step of the method is: (1) with sample drying, cleaning after, the mass M of the dry sample of weighing
1
(2) elder generation with the sample soaked with liquid of weighing, soaks under atmospheric pressure state under vacuum state again, makes the sample adsorptive liquid to state of saturation;
(3) sample of adsorptive liquid to state of saturation is immersed in the liquid, then takes by weighing, calculate buoyant weight F and the weight in wet base M of sample
2, can calculate sample apparent porosity P according to formula (); Described M
1, M
2Identical with the linear module of F;
P=(M
2-M
1)/F (one).
3. the assay method of pellet apparent porosity according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the grain size category of the sample in the described step (1) is 10～15mm; 18～24 samples of each mensuration.
4. the assay method of pellet apparent porosity according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the sample in the described step (1) then is cooled to room temperature in 105 ± 5 ℃ of lower oven dry 2～3 hours; The cleaning mode of described sample is for till blowing brush and not having dust to the surface with high pressure nitrogen.
5. the assay method of pellet apparent porosity according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the sample in the described step (2) under the condition that is evacuated to negative pressure 70 ± 5 KPa with soaked with liquid 30～50min; Described sample soaks 20～40min under atmospheric pressure state.
6. the assay method of pellet apparent porosity according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described liquid is water.
7. the assay method of the described pellet apparent porosity of any one is characterized in that according to claim 2-6, and the weighing process in the described step (3) is: the weight M of A, weighing hanging basket
0
B, hanging basket is immersed in the liquid buoyant weight F of weighing hanging basket
0
C, wipe adsorptive liquid to the drop of the specimen surface of state of saturation, then put into hanging basket; Hanging basket and sample are hung immersion liquid, take by weighing the buoyant weight F of the two
1
D, break away from above-mentioned suspension, hanging basket and sample are sunk to liquid bottom, the two weight M of weighing
3
E, can calculate buoyant weight F and the weight in wet base M of sample according to formula (I) and (II)
2
F＝F
1－F
0 （Ⅰ）
M
2＝M
3－M
0 （Ⅱ）。
8. the determinator of a pellet apparent porosity is used for the assay method of pellet apparent porosity claimed in claim 7, and it is characterized in that: it includes the electronic balance (5) for weighing; The hanging basket (4) that is used for the lifting sample; The beaker (3) that is used for carrying liquid; And the cross bar (1) and the S-hook (2) that are used for hanging basket.
9. the determinator of pellet apparent porosity according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described hanging basket (4) is made of three layers of support (8) and central shaft (7); Every layer of support (8) has that 6～8 poles (10) are radial to be fixed on the central shaft (7), is connected with 2 circle annulus (9) on the described pole (10); Described central shaft (7) top is provided with hanging ring (6).
10. according to claim 8 or the determinator of 9 described pellet apparent porosities, it is characterized in that: the ring of described annulus 9 is apart from being 8mm, and outer ring diameter is 60mm.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103323358A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-09-25 | 南方英特空调有限公司 | Thermal cycle test equipment and test method |
| CN107270988A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-10-20 | 柳州钢铁股份有限公司 | pellet volume measuring method |
| CN108896003A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-11-27 | 福建工程学院 | A kind of material table area measuring method |
| CN110702571A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-01-17 | 中冶北方（大连）工程技术有限公司 | Method for measuring total porosity of pellet |
| CN111678852A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-09-18 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Refractory material air hole connectivity experiment mold and method |
| CN113376352A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-09-10 | 鞍钢集团北京研究院有限公司 | Method for measuring high-temperature reactivity index of coke |
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| CN203350150U (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-12-18 | 河北钢铁股份有限公司邯郸分公司 | Device for determining apparent porosity of pellets |
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2013
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| US6817230B2 (en) * | 2000-10-13 | 2004-11-16 | Instrotek, Inc. | Systems and methods for determining the absorption and specific gravity properties of compacted and loose material including fine and coarse aggregates |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103323358A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-09-25 | 南方英特空调有限公司 | Thermal cycle test equipment and test method |
| CN107270988A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-10-20 | 柳州钢铁股份有限公司 | pellet volume measuring method |
| CN108896003A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-11-27 | 福建工程学院 | A kind of material table area measuring method |
| CN110702571A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-01-17 | 中冶北方（大连）工程技术有限公司 | Method for measuring total porosity of pellet |
| CN111678852A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-09-18 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Refractory material air hole connectivity experiment mold and method |
| CN113376352A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-09-10 | 鞍钢集团北京研究院有限公司 | Method for measuring high-temperature reactivity index of coke |
| CN113376352B (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2023-06-16 | 鞍钢集团北京研究院有限公司 | Method for measuring high-temperature reactivity index of coke |
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Application publication date: 20131030 |