CN103359811A - Fast monitoring method and monitoring device of sterilization effect of large underground clean-water reservoir - Google Patents

Fast monitoring method and monitoring device of sterilization effect of large underground clean-water reservoir Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103359811A
CN103359811A CN2012100928529A CN201210092852A CN103359811A CN 103359811 A CN103359811 A CN 103359811A CN 2012100928529 A CN2012100928529 A CN 2012100928529A CN 201210092852 A CN201210092852 A CN 201210092852A CN 103359811 A CN103359811 A CN 103359811A
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monitoring
bottle
lacing film
ultrasonic wave
monitoring device
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CN103359811B (en
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王基成
马建录
郑建利
刘德启
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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Abstract

The invention discloses a fast monitoring method and monitoring device of the sterilization effect of a large underground clean-water reservoir, and belongs to the field of testing and metering. Vent holes at the top of a pool are put into the pool body of the clean-water reservoir in batches by the monitoring device, and fixedly suspended at 1/2 part of effective depth of water; and 1-7 monitoring devices are arranged in each vent hole at the top of the pool. The monitoring period disclosed by the invention is three cycles; the number of monitoring days in each cycle is 3-7 days; the monitoring time is short; the monitoring result can be rapidly and effectively counted; and the optimal chlorine dosage and the optimal service power of an ultrasonic algae control instrument are determined according to the detection result.

Description

Large Underground clean water basin sterilization effect quick monitoring method and monitoring device
Technical field
The invention belongs to the test and measuring field, be specifically related to quick monitoring method and the on-the-spot monitoring device thereof of the underground clean water basin ultrasonic wave of a kind of large-scale sealing chlorination Synergistic biocidal effect.
Background technology
In the Large Underground storage pond sterilizing process, the monitoring of sterilization effect is important integral part.By can constantly adjust the sterilization process parameter of sterilizing process to the monitoring of sterilization effect, prevent from spending large or too small to pool water pollution because of disinfection force.The mode of ultrasonic wave and chlorination concurrent disinfection can solve the deficiency of single chlorine dosing control microorganism growth, and has the technological merit that control process is safe, do not need stop work and production.But adopt at present the research of this technology control microorganism only to rest on laboratory stage in the world wide, that uses in production reality is less, and especially the application in the Large Underground storage pond more than several ten thousand steres has no bibliographical information.Reason is when ultrasonic wave and chlorination concurrent disinfection technology are used for the water treatment of the Large Underground storage pond more than several ten thousand steres, in the monitoring to sterilization effect, also to have following problem:
The first is the existing collaborative experiment overwhelming majority finish in " upgrading " mini system below the system, and the effect highly significant of this moment shows good actual application prospect.If the result of little system is applied in " incomparably " above large system of production, the original technical parameter of evaluation effect has almost lost the effect of measuring such as ultrasonic intensity on number of free radical, unit volume or the area etc.; If according to the output control sterilising effect of little system, but the ultrasonic energy that drops into is difficult to satisfy actually.Its two, the control effect of monitoring and evaluation ultrasonic wave in large water body how.Aspect ultrasonic wave control algae effect monitoring, the methods of microscopy and biomass estimation are carried out in many employings to the field monitoring water sample at present.Directly on-the-spot to distinguish this effect be due to ultrasonic wave is disturbed but how still well not solve in large aquatic monitoring or analysis and testing technology, or the other reasons puzzlement of doing.They are three years old, under the large system of water supply and turbulent state more than incomparably, how the technique effect of discrimination and evaluation ultrasonic wave and the effect of existing chlorination technology synergy or its in synergy separately to the contribution of fungistatic effect? because the Large Underground water reservoir is the top sealing structure, only be distributed with the top ventilating pit at water reservoir pond ceiling, the people can not directly enter the pond, how to carry out spot sampling? these all are technical barriers anxious to be resolved.It four is chlorine dosage problems rambunctious.If the too high not only production cost of chlorine dosage increases, also can accelerate the corrosion process to water-transmission line; And chlorine dosage is too low, the growth of control pool wall bacterium algae foundry loam that again can not be effectively.Owing to lacking the fast and accurately monitoring method of distinguishing ultrasonic wave and chlorination technique effect, be difficult to determine the optimal processing parameter of the collaborative sterilising technology of ultrasonic wave-chlorine.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: for the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art existence, a kind of quick monitoring method of Large Underground clean water basin sterilization effect is provided, and the method can detect Large Underground clean water basin ultrasonic wave chlorination Synergistic biocidal effect fast and accurately.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: this Large Underground clean water basin sterilization effect quick monitoring method, it is characterized in that, and comprise the steps:
A) measure and record effective dimensions, useful volume, water channel quantity, top, pond number of air hole, the every day service discharge and hydraulic detention time of the underground clean water basin of large-scale sealing, in every water channel of underground clean water basin, along water (flow) direction 1~3 ultrasonic wave control algae instrument, ultrasonic wave control algae instrument 24 continuous throughout the twenty-four hour24s are installed;
B) record trapping bottle and the dry weight of pouncing on sectional area, filter paper lacing film and the ceramic lacing film of catching bottle; With sampling device in batches, the 1 batch of sampling device comprises that 1 suspended substance is pounced on and catches bottle, 1 microorganism trapping bottle, 1 filter paper lacing film and 1 ceramic lacing film; Sampling device is installed on the monitoring device in batches, on the monitoring device 1~7 batch of sampling device can be installed, the sampling device on every monitoring device is numbered; To underground clean water basin top ventilating pit number consecutively, monitoring device is put into underground clean water basin pond body by top, pond ventilating pit in batches, and fixedly hang on 1/2 place of available depth; Each top, pond ventilating pit is put into 1~7 monitoring device, guarantees in monitoring periods, and can get 1~7 batch of sampling device every day from each top, pond ventilating pit, adopts the order that is from upstream to the downstream to be numbered successively monitoring device;
C) the monitoring situation is divided into not open ultrasonic wave not the chlorination situation, do not open the normal chlorination situation of ultrasonic wave and open the normal chlorination situation of ultrasonic wave, setting every kind of condition monitoring cycle is 3 cycles, the monitoring fate in each cycle is 3~7 days; During monitoring, adopt trapping bottle monitoring ultrasonic wave opened condition to the control effect of sedimentation of suspension flux, adopt to pounce on and catch total plate count in bottle monitoring field water sample, with the control effect of reflected ultrasonic wave opened condition to microorganism live body quantity; Adopt filter paper lacing film monitoring ultrasonic wave opened condition to the control effect of dissolved organic matter adsorption effect;
The method of d) getting 1~7 batch of sampling device every day according to each monitoring holes is taken out all sampling devices on the monitoring device in batches; The analytic record monitoring data: the water sample of catching in the bottle filters and the dry weights of record filtering slag oven dry under 105 ℃ to pouncing on, and the microorganism in the trapping bottle is carried out bacterium colony cultivate; Oven dry and constant weight under 105 ℃ to filter paper lacing film and ceramic lacing film, and record weight change value;
E) after the sample in the monitoring device all takes out, statistic procedure d) monitoring data of record in, and the average measurement result of data calculated, and calculate deposition flux, the absorption of ceramic lacing film area, filter paper lacing film adsorption rate, total plate count, the Comprehensive Correlation monitoring data changes and the Monitoring Indexes value, estimates the control effect of ultrasonic wave and chlorination concurrent disinfection technology.
The present invention also provides a kind of monitoring device for above-mentioned Large Underground clean water basin sterilization effect quick monitoring method, comprise suspension line, pounce on and catch a bottle anchor, suspended substance is pounced on and is caught bottle, the microorganism trapping bottle, macropore lacing film net, filter paper lacing film and ceramic lacing film, it is characterized in that: suspended substance is pounced on and is caught bottle and the microorganism trapping bottle is installed on to pounce on and catches on bottle anchor, and suspended substance pounce on catch the bottle and the microorganism trapping bottle detachable, macropore lacing film net is caught bottle anchor and is adopted a suspension line to be connected with pouncing on, macropore lacing film net vertical hanging in pounce on catch bottle anchor under, the macropore lacing film is hung with filter paper lacing film and ceramic lacing film on the net.
1~7 batch of sampling device can be installed on the described monitoring device, and the 1 batch of sampling device comprises that 1 suspended substance is pounced on and catches bottle, 1 microorganism trapping bottle, 1 filter paper lacing film and 1 ceramic lacing film.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that Large Underground clean water basin sterilization effect quick monitoring method of the present invention and monitoring device have is: but the technical parameter of the present invention's Optimization for Ultrasonic Wave and chlorination concurrent disinfection, when adopting ultrasonic wave chlorination Synergistic biocidal, adopt monitoring method of the present invention can determine that the optimum of ultrasonic wave control algae instrument uses power, determine best chlorine dosage, solved the quality problem that uses power and chlorine dosage mismate to cause because of ultrasonic wave.Because ultrasonic wave control algae technology needs the long-time ultrasonic wave control algae instrument of opening, adopt monitoring method of the present invention, solved the energy dissipation of using high-power ultrasonics control algae instrument to cause because of blindly.Large Underground clean water basin sterilization effect quick monitoring method of the present invention and monitoring device, its monitoring periods are 3 cycles, and the monitoring fate in each cycle is 3~7 days, and monitoring time is shorter, but express statistic obtains monitoring result, conveniently carry out technological adjustment.Monitoring device of the present invention assembling Simple fast can be put into underground clean water basin through top, pond ventilating pit, is suspended from the current under the turbulent state by the mode that hangs.This monitoring device has been guaranteed accuracy and the reliability of collection result, has solved simultaneously the people and can not directly enter the problem that underground clean water basin are sampled.Monitoring device cost of the present invention is lower, when the underground clean water basin area of need monitorings is larger, can realize that large-area high-density throws in, and guarantees that statistic data accurately and reliably.Large Underground clean water basin sterilization effect quick monitoring method of the present invention and monitoring device are effective, can be good at instructing actual production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structure and the fixed position schematic diagram of monitoring device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is ultrasonic wave control algae instrument of the present invention and installation and the fixed position schematic diagram of monitoring device in underground clean water basin;
Wherein: 1, suspension line; 2, pounce on and catch a bottle anchor; 3, suspended substance is pounced on and is caught bottle; 4, microorganism trapping bottle; 5, macropore lacing film net; 6, filter paper lacing film; 7, ceramic lacing film; 8, ultrasonic wave control algae instrument; 9, top ventilating pit; 10, water-in; 11, water outlet; 12, at the bottom of the pond; 13, the water surface.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Be described further below in conjunction with 1~2 pair of Large Underground clean water basin sterilization effect quick monitoring method of the present invention of accompanying drawing and monitoring device:
With reference to Fig. 1~2
This monitoring device, comprise suspension line 1, pounce on and catch bottle anchor 2, suspended substance and pounce on and catch bottle 3, microorganism trapping bottle 4, macropore lacing film net 5, filter paper lacing film 6, ceramic lacing film 7, it is characterized in that: suspended substance is pounced on and is caught bottle 3 and microorganism trapping bottle 4 is installed on to pounce on and catches on bottle anchor 2, and suspended substance pounce on catch the bottle 3 and microorganism trapping bottle 4 detachable, macropore lacing film net 5 is caught bottle anchor 2 and is adopted suspension lines 1 to be connected with pouncing on, macropore lacing film net 5 vertical hangings in pounce on catch bottle anchor 2 under, be hung with filter paper lacing film 6 and ceramic lacing film 7 on the macropore lacing film net 5.The 1 batch of monitoring device comprises that 1 suspended substance is pounced on and catches bottle 3,1 microorganism trapping bottles 4,1 filter paper lacing film 6 and 1 ceramic lacing film 7.On 1 monitoring device 2 batches of monitoring devices are installed in the present embodiment, fixedly are suspended on 1/2 place of available depth.
The monitoring target that the present embodiment is chosen is Large Underground sealing clean water basin, as shown in Figure 2, and this Large Underground sealing clean water basin large 70000m that supplies water every day 3/ d, this underground tank design effectively is of a size of: 52.5 * 52.5 * 5m, useful volume 13781.25m 3, hydraulic detention time 5h.3 road training walls are set in the pond, the pond is divided into 4 water channels, the water-carrying section mean flow rate of each water channel is 45m/h, and the top, pond is provided with ceiling sealing, ventilating pit above ceiling is provided with 8.
The present embodiment is the monitoring that normally adds chlorine kill effectiveness to not opening ultrasonic wave control algae instrument.
The concrete monitoring method of the present embodiment, as follows:
A) measure and record effective dimensions, useful volume, water channel quantity, top, pond number of air hole, the every day service discharge and hydraulic detention time of the underground clean water basin of large-scale sealing, to underground clean water basin top ventilating pit number consecutively;
B) in every water channel of underground clean water basin, along water (flow) direction 1 ultrasonic wave control algae instrument 8 is installed, and is guaranteed that ultrasonic wave control algae instrument 8 can 24 continuous throughout the twenty-four hour24s;
C) sampling device is installed on the monitoring device in batches, and the sampling device on every monitoring device is numbered; 2 batches of sampling devices are installed on the monitoring device, the 1 batch of sampling device comprises that 1 suspended substance is pounced on and catches 3,1 microorganism trapping bottles 4 of bottle, 1 filter paper lacing film 6 and 1 ceramic lacing film 7, record trapping bottle 4 and pounce on the dry weight of sectional area, filter paper lacing film 6 and the ceramic lacing film 7 of catching bottle 3; Monitoring device is put into underground clean water basin pond body by top, pond ventilating pit in batches, and fixedly hang on 1/2 place of available depth; Described every batch of sampling device comprises that 1 suspended substance is pounced on and catches bottle 3,1 microorganism trapping bottles 4,1 filter paper lacing film 6 and 1 ceramic lacing film 7; Each top, pond ventilating pit is put into 3 monitoring devices, and adopts the order that is from upstream to the downstream to be numbered successively monitoring device;
D) the monitoring situation is divided into not open ultrasonic wave not the chlorination situation, do not open the normal chlorination situation of ultrasonic wave and open the normal chlorination situation of ultrasonic wave, setting every kind of condition monitoring cycle is 3 cycles, the monitoring fate in each cycle is 6 days; During monitoring, adopt trapping bottle 4 monitoring ultrasonic wave opened conditions to the control effect of sedimentation of suspension flux, adopt to pounce on and catch total plate count in the bottle 3 monitoring field water samples, with the control effect of reflected ultrasonic wave opened condition to microorganism live body quantity; Adopt filter paper lacing film 6 monitoring ultrasonic wave opened conditions to the control effect of dissolved organic matter adsorption effect;
E) according to the method for getting 1 batch of sampling device every day from each ventilating pit, take out all sampling devices on the monitoring device, the analytic record monitoring data in batches; The water sample of catching in the bottle 3 filters and the dry weights of record filtering slag oven dry under 105 ℃ to pouncing on; Microorganism in the trapping bottle 4 is carried out bacterium colony to be cultivated; Oven dry and constant weight under 105 ℃ to filter paper lacing film 6 and ceramic lacing film 7; Compare record weight change value with the trapping bottle 4 that front record is installed and the dry weight of pouncing on sectional area, filter paper lacing film 6 and the ceramic lacing film 7 of catching bottle 3;
F) after the sample in the monitoring device all takes out, statistic procedure e) monitoring data of record in, and the average measurement result of data calculated, and calculate trapping bottle 4 deposition flux, the absorption of ceramic lacing film 7 areas, filter paper lacing film 6 adsorption rate, pounce on and catch total plate count in bottles 3, the Comprehensive Correlation monitoring data changes and the Monitoring Indexes value, estimates the control effect of ultrasonic wave and chlorination concurrent disinfection technology.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is to opening the monitoring of ultrasonic wave control algae instrument and chlorination Synergistic biocidal effect.Used monitoring device and concrete monitoring method are identical with embodiment 1 among the embodiment.The power of adjusting ultrasonic wave control algae instrument 8 is 40w.
The present embodiment chlorine dosage is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is to opening the monitoring of ultrasonic wave control algae instrument and chlorination Synergistic biocidal effect.The present embodiment chlorine dosage is identical with embodiment 1.The power of adjusting ultrasonic wave control algae instrument 8 is 50w.
Concrete monitoring method and the monitoring device of the present embodiment are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is to opening the monitoring of ultrasonic wave control algae instrument and chlorination Synergistic biocidal effect.The present embodiment chlorine dosage is identical with embodiment 1.The power of adjusting ultrasonic wave control algae instrument 8 is 100w.
Concrete monitoring method and the monitoring device of the present embodiment are identical with embodiment 1.
Comparative Examples 1
This Comparative Examples is not carry out the monitoring of the sterilization effect of chlorination to not opening ultrasonic wave control algae instrument 8.This Comparative Examples is the blank embodiment of embodiment 1~3.The monitoring target that this Comparative Examples is chosen is identical with embodiment 3.
Concrete monitoring method and the monitoring device of this Comparative Examples are identical with embodiment 1.
Monitoring result
The monitoring result arrangement of embodiment 1~3 and Comparative Examples 1 is table 1, and every monitoring data is as shown in table 1.
The deposition flux value of embodiment 3 is higher by 24.2% than embodiment 2 deposition flux values, and is higher by 24.4% than Comparative Examples 1 deposition flux value.Contrast can be found out, the ceramic lacing film unit surface adsorptive capacity mean value of embodiment 3 is lower than the analog value of embodiment 2, and the part batch in, negative value has appearred in the ceramic lacing film unit surface adsorptive capacity of embodiment 3, embodiment 3 hangs down 3.1 times than the filter paper lacing film adsorption rate value of embodiment 2, power is that the ultrasonic wave control algae instrument 8 of 50W is thrown away and can't be met the demands among this explanation embodiment 3, and embodiment 3 should strengthen the power of ultrasonic wave control algae instrument 8.
Can find out by table 1, corresponding data in the deposition flux that monitors behind chlorination among the embodiment 1, ceramic lacing film unit surface adsorptive capacity and filter paper lacing film adsorption rate and the Comparative Examples 1 is contrasted, reduce respectively 60.5%, 50.4% and 9.9%, show that chlorination has positive effect to the control algae.Embodiment 4 deposition fluxs are higher by 19.2% than embodiment 1 deposition flux, illustrate under the identical chlorine dosage, open ultrasonic wave control algae instrument 8 and can strengthen sterilisation effect.Embodiment 4 ceramic lacing film unit surface adsorptive capacitys are negative value, and mean value is-1.7913g/m 2D, embodiment 4 filter paper lacing film adsorption rate are negative value in each monitoring point, and mean value is-0.0327g/m 2D, the filter paper lacing film adsorption rate mean value of embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 be on the occasion of, compare with embodiment and can find out with embodiment 2, power is that the cleaning performance of 8 pairs of pool walls of ultrasonic wave control algae instrument of 100W can meet the demands among the embodiment 4.
Table 1 monitoring result mean value
Figure BDA0000149569740000061
Monitoring data by total plate count can be found out, embodiment 1~3 can find out with Comparative Examples 1 contrast, total plate count in the rear clean water basin of ultrasonic wave control algae instrument 8 unlatchings in the water significantly raises, wherein embodiment 2 total plate count are up to 7-130cFu/mL, embodiment 3 total plate count are up to 460-490cFu/mL, and embodiment 3 maximum values exceed more than 163 times of level of normal bacteria sum.Among the embodiment 4, incalculable phenomenon has appearred in the total plate count of monitoring in the water channel, thereby has proved and cause former because ultrasonic wave peeling off and dissemination the pool wall microorganism viscosity mud that total plate count exceeds standard; Also explanation is when power is the ultrasonic wave control algae instrument unlatching of 100W from another point of view, and the chlorine dosage among the embodiment 4 is inadequate, and embodiment 4 needs to continue to increase chlorine dosage.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not to be the restriction of invention being made other form, and any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to be changed or be modified as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.But every technical solution of the present invention content that do not break away to any simple modification, equivalent variations and remodeling that above embodiment does, still belongs to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention according to technical spirit of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. Large Underground clean water basin sterilization effect quick monitoring method is characterized in that, step is as follows:
A) measure and record effective dimensions, useful volume, water channel quantity, top, pond number of air hole, the every day service discharge and hydraulic detention time of the underground clean water basin of large-scale sealing, to underground clean water basin top ventilating pit number consecutively;
B) in every water channel of underground clean water basin, along water (flow) direction 1~3 ultrasonic wave control algae instrument (8) is installed, and is guaranteed ultrasonic wave control algae instrument (8) 24 continuous throughout the twenty-four hour24s;
C) sampling device is installed on the monitoring device in batches, and the sampling device on every monitoring device is numbered; Monitoring device is put into underground clean water basin pond body by top, pond ventilating pit in batches, and fixedly hang on 1/2 place of available depth; Described every batch of sampling device comprises that 1 suspended substance is pounced on and catches bottle (3), 1 microorganism trapping bottle (4), 1 filter paper lacing film (6) and 1 ceramic lacing film (7);
D) the monitoring situation is divided into not open ultrasonic wave not the chlorination situation, do not open the normal chlorination situation of ultrasonic wave and open the normal chlorination situation of ultrasonic wave, setting every kind of condition monitoring cycle is 3 cycles, the monitoring fate in each cycle is 3~7 days;
The method of e) getting 1~7 batch of sampling device every day according to each ventilating pit is taken out all sampling devices on the monitoring device, the analytic record monitoring data in batches;
F) after the sample in the monitoring device all takes out, statistic procedure e) monitoring data of record in, and the average measurement result of data calculated, and calculate trapping bottle (4) deposition flux, the absorption of ceramic lacing film (7) area, filter paper lacing film (6) adsorption rate, pounce on and catch the middle total plate count of bottle (3), the Comprehensive Correlation monitoring data changes and the Monitoring Indexes value, estimates the control effect of ultrasonic wave and chlorination concurrent disinfection technology.
2. Large Underground clean water basin sterilization effect quick monitoring method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step c) each top, pond ventilating pit is put into 1~7 monitoring device described in, and adopts the order that is from upstream to the downstream to be numbered successively monitoring device.
3. Large Underground clean water basin sterilization effect quick monitoring method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step e) in, the concrete grammar of described analytic record monitoring data is: the water sample of catching in the bottle (3) filters and the dry weights of record filtering slag oven dry under 105 ℃ to pouncing on; Microorganism in the trapping bottle (4) is carried out bacterium colony to be cultivated; Oven dry and constant weight under 105 ℃ to filter paper lacing film (6) and ceramic lacing film (7); With install before the trapping bottle (4) of record and the dry weight of pouncing on sectional area, filter paper lacing film (6) and the ceramic lacing film (7) of catching bottle (3) compare, record weight change value.
4. monitoring device that is used for such as each described Large Underground clean water basin sterilization effect quick monitoring method of claim 1~3, comprise suspension line (1), pounce on and catch a bottle anchor (2), suspended substance is pounced on and is caught bottle (3), microorganism trapping bottle (4), macropore lacing film net (5), filter paper lacing film (6) and ceramic lacing film (7), it is characterized in that: suspended substance is pounced on and is caught bottle (3) and microorganism trapping bottle (4) and be installed on to pounce on and catch on bottle anchor (2), and suspended substance is pounced on and is caught bottle (3) and microorganism trapping bottle (4) detachably, macropore lacing film net (5) is caught a bottle anchor (2) and is adopted suspension line (1) to be connected with pouncing on, macropore lacing film net (5) vertical hanging in pounce on catch a bottle anchor (2) under, be hung with filter paper lacing film (6) and ceramic lacing film (7) on the macropore lacing film net (5).
5. Large Underground clean water basin sterilization effect fast monitored device according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: 1~7 batch of sampling device can be installed on the described monitoring device, and the every batch of sampling device comprises that 1 suspended substance is pounced on and catches bottle (3), 1 microorganism trapping bottle (4), 1 filter paper lacing film (6) and 1 ceramic lacing film (7).
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Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08281280A (en) * 1995-02-15 1996-10-29 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Method for purifying and sterilizing bath water and electrolytic device for sterilization
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08281280A (en) * 1995-02-15 1996-10-29 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Method for purifying and sterilizing bath water and electrolytic device for sterilization
CN101402006A (en) * 2008-11-04 2009-04-08 张海波 Supersonic filter

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Title
国家环境保护总局等: "《水和废水监测分析方法(第四版)》", 31 December 2002, article "水和废水监测分析方法" *

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