CN103355293A - 一类黑带食蚜蝇与大灰食蚜蝇引诱剂 - Google Patents
一类黑带食蚜蝇与大灰食蚜蝇引诱剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了属于昆虫引诱剂制备技术领域的一类黑带食蚜蝇与大灰食蚜蝇引诱剂,该引诱剂的活性成分为大茴香醛或其衍生物,其结构式分别为式(Ⅰ)、式(Ⅱ)所示。本发明提供了黑带食蚜蝇与大灰食蚜蝇引诱剂在引诱作用中的使用方法,本发明所述的黑带食蚜蝇与大灰食蚜蝇引诱剂使用方法简单,条件可行,具有高效、廉价、对人畜无毒,环境友好等特点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于昆虫引诱剂制备技术领域,具体涉及一类黑带食蚜蝇与大灰食蚜蝇引诱剂。
背景技术
黑带食蚜蝇[Episyrphus balteaus(De Geer)]与大灰食蚜蝇[Metasyrphuscorollae(Fabricius)]属双翅目食蚜蝇科,在国内许多地方为优势种,是农业害虫的重要天敌昆虫。其幼虫捕食对象广泛,除捕食麦长管蚜、棉蚜、桃蚜、甘蓝蚜等多种蚜虫外,还捕食叶蝉、介壳虫、蓟马及鳞翅目害虫的卵和初孵幼虫。黑带食蚜蝇与大灰食蚜蝇幼虫捕食量大,整个幼虫期可捕食棉蚜840-1500头。在田间和大棚内用黑带食蚜蝇与大灰食蚜蝇的初龄幼虫防治蔬菜及菊花上的蚜虫,三天后蚜虫虫口减退率在80%以上。同时,黑带食蚜蝇与大灰食蚜蝇成虫有访花习性,是重要的传粉昆虫。通过黑带食蚜蝇的传粉作用,可以显著提高油菜的授粉率和结实率。大灰食蚜蝇为药用植物柽柳传粉,明显提高了柽柳的座果率。因此,黑带食蚜蝇与大灰食蚜蝇在自然和农业生态系统中具有重要意义。
利用食蚜蝇的途径除人工繁殖释放外,招引诱集也是非常重要的手段。植物挥发物是植物与其它生物交流的复杂而又高级的语言,它是植食性昆虫及其天敌寻找各自寄主,完成觅食、交配和产卵等活动的化学信号。根据植物挥发物对昆虫的行为调控作用,发现、制备黑带食蚜蝇与大灰食蚜蝇引诱剂对于提高蚜虫等害虫防治效果及作物授粉率、结实率具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一类黑带食蚜蝇与大灰食蚜蝇引诱剂,用于蚜虫等害虫防治,促进传粉。
本发明的第二个目的在于提供上述黑带食蚜蝇与大灰食蚜蝇引诱剂的应用。
一类黑带食蚜蝇与大灰食蚜蝇引诱剂,所述引诱剂的活性成分为大茴香醛或其衍生物1-(4-甲氧基苯基)-5-(β-紫罗酮环)-1,4-二烯-3-酮,其结构式分别为式(Ⅰ)、式(Ⅱ)所示。
上述黑带食蚜蝇与大灰食蚜蝇引诱剂在食蚜蝇引诱中的应用,在每个橡胶载体中加入2-20mg引诱剂活性成分,制备诱芯,然后在田间间隔5-20m放置诱芯。
上述的黑带食蚜蝇与大灰食蚜蝇引诱剂在制备黑带食蚜蝇与大灰食蚜蝇引诱药物中的应用。
本发明以植物挥发物大茴香醛及其衍生物1-(4-甲氧基苯基)-5-(β-紫罗酮环)-1,4-二烯-3-酮为黑带食蚜蝇与大灰食蚜蝇引诱剂的活性成分,上述活性成分具有很强的引诱作用,利用上述活性成分制备引诱剂方法简单,条件可行,具有高效、廉价、对人畜无毒,环境友好等特点。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1、黑带食蚜蝇与大灰食蚜蝇引诱剂的一种制备方法
将大茴香醛及其衍生物1-(4-甲氧基苯基)-5-(β-紫罗酮环)-1,4-二烯-3-酮分别溶解于二氯甲烷,取溶液加入到橡胶载体(每一个橡胶载体含药量2-20mg),制备诱芯,待溶剂挥发完毕再加入洁净二氯甲烷,使药物成分充分渗入橡胶。待溶剂再次挥发完毕,将引诱剂诱芯用锡箔纸包裹,放入自封袋置于-4℃冰箱待用。
实施例2、黑带食蚜蝇与大灰食蚜蝇引诱剂的引诱作用实验
2013年5月18日至2013年5月30日在河南省新乡基地小麦田进行对黑带食蚜蝇与大灰食蚜蝇的引诱试验。选择长势、管理条件一致、地块大而整齐的小麦田作为试验田。便于检测引诱效果,将实施例1中制备好的诱芯置于桶型诱捕器上,放置桶型诱捕器中部与作物顶端平齐,相邻诱捕器之间距离为10m。每个处理设置四次重复,随机排列,以渗透洁净二氯甲烷的橡胶载体为对照。设置后每两天调查引诱到的黑带食蚜蝇与大灰食蚜蝇数量。结果如表-1所示。
表-1 不同成分对黑带食蚜蝇与大灰食蚜蝇的引诱作用
试验结果表明,本发明的大茴香醛及其衍生物对黑带食蚜蝇与大灰食蚜蝇的平均诱集量均明显高于对照,对黑带食蚜蝇与大灰食蚜蝇表现出优异的引诱作用。利用该类引诱剂进行黑带食蚜蝇与大灰食蚜蝇的招引诱集,将对提高蚜虫等害虫防治效果及作物授粉率、结实率产生重要意义。
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Cited By (5)
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CN103719080A (zh) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-04-16 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | 一类传粉昆虫或天敌昆虫引诱剂 |
CN104098456A (zh) * | 2014-07-07 | 2014-10-15 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | 多种昆虫引诱活性药物的设计方法 |
CN106748706A (zh) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-05-31 | 温州医科大学 | 一种由β‑紫罗兰酮取代的姜黄素类似物及其制备方法和应用 |
CN109053406A (zh) * | 2018-08-30 | 2018-12-21 | 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | β-紫罗兰酮衍生的查儿酮类化合物及其制备方法和应用 |
CN114176079A (zh) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-03-15 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | 顺-9-二十三烯在提高大茴香醛引诱食蚜蝇中的应用 |
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CN102217577A (zh) * | 2011-04-22 | 2011-10-19 | 北京依科曼生物技术有限公司 | 一种蓟马害虫的诱杀装置 |
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103719080A (zh) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-04-16 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | 一类传粉昆虫或天敌昆虫引诱剂 |
CN103719080B (zh) * | 2013-12-13 | 2016-01-20 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | 一类传粉昆虫或天敌昆虫引诱剂 |
CN104098456A (zh) * | 2014-07-07 | 2014-10-15 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | 多种昆虫引诱活性药物的设计方法 |
CN106748706A (zh) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-05-31 | 温州医科大学 | 一种由β‑紫罗兰酮取代的姜黄素类似物及其制备方法和应用 |
CN106748706B (zh) * | 2016-11-22 | 2020-03-20 | 温州医科大学 | 一种由β-紫罗兰酮取代的姜黄素类似物及其制备方法和应用 |
CN109053406A (zh) * | 2018-08-30 | 2018-12-21 | 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | β-紫罗兰酮衍生的查儿酮类化合物及其制备方法和应用 |
CN109053406B (zh) * | 2018-08-30 | 2021-07-16 | 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | β-紫罗兰酮衍生的查儿酮类化合物及其制备方法和应用 |
CN114176079A (zh) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-03-15 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | 顺-9-二十三烯在提高大茴香醛引诱食蚜蝇中的应用 |
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