CN103354672A - Heating device simulating multiple kinds of heat flux density distribution patterns - Google Patents
Heating device simulating multiple kinds of heat flux density distribution patterns Download PDFInfo
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- CN103354672A CN103354672A CN2013102737535A CN201310273753A CN103354672A CN 103354672 A CN103354672 A CN 103354672A CN 2013102737535 A CN2013102737535 A CN 2013102737535A CN 201310273753 A CN201310273753 A CN 201310273753A CN 103354672 A CN103354672 A CN 103354672A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heating device simulating multiple kinds of heat flux density distribution patterns. The heating device simulating the multiple kinds of the heat flux density distribution patterns includes a metal base plate provided with a plurality of through holes used for mounting electric heating elements. According to the invention, a large quantity of the distributed electric heating elements are adopted as a direct heat source and the metal base plate with high heat conductivity is adopted as a carrier, so that heat generation with a uniform heat flux density on the surface of the heating metal base plate is realized and heat generation with different non-uniform heat flux densities on the surface of the heating metal base palate is also realized. The non-uniform heat flux density patterns can be adjusted in real time as required and the highest surface heat flux density that can be simulated reaches to 3MW/m2.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to for the electric heating equipment field, specifically a kind of electro-heat equipment of simulating multiple heat flux distribution.
Background technology
Begin to utilize nuclear energy so far from the mankind, a lot of serious nuclear leakage accidents have occured in the whole world, such as U.S.'s Three Mile Island nuclear leakage accident, former Soviet Union's Chernobyl nuclear leakage accident and Fukushima, Japan nuclear leakage accident.Can find by development and the processing procedure of analyzing above-mentioned nuclear leakage accident, the reactor core fused mass is trapped in the pressure vessel, guarantee the integrality of reactor pressure vessel, can greatly alleviate further developing and worsening of serious accident.Now, be detained strategy in the existing comparatively complete reactor fused mass heap, affect the key point of being detained tactful success in the reactor fused mass heap and namely be pressure vessel bottom head outer surface flowing heat transfer characteristic and critical heat flux density.
In order to grasp bottom head outer surface flowing heat transfer characteristic and to obtain pressure vessel bottom head outer surface critical heat flux density limit value, in the urgent need to a kind of electro-heat equipment of simulating multiple heat flux distribution, this device must can be simulated multiple heat flux distribution, to realize nuclear reactor pressure container bottom head outer surface heat flux distribution under the different serious accident conditions.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and be applied to a kind of electro-heat equipment of simulating multiple heat flux distribution, solve the problem that present density of heat flow rate analogue means and method are merely able to simulate the particular thermal current density, so that a heat flux distribution analogue means just can be realized different types of heat flux distribution simulation, improve its practicality.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of electro-heat equipment of simulating multiple heat flux distribution comprises metal substrate, is provided with a plurality of through holes for electrical heating elements is installed at described metal substrate.The present invention adopts metal substrate as the main body of simulation, offer the version of a plurality of through holes at metal substrate, utilize electrical heating elements to heat, according to different simulated object, can in through-holes, place electrical heating elements, simulate the housing that density of heat flow rate is uniform or density of heat flow rate is inhomogeneous, can not only realize that heater evenly generates heat, can also realize the simulation of multiple heat flux distribution heating, adopt a large amount of discrete type electric heaters, can realize the simulation of the heat flux distribution of broad range, can simulate nuclear reactor pressure container bottom head outer surface heat flux distribution under the different serious accident conditions, thereby obtain pressure vessel bottom head outer surface critical heat flux density limit value.Concrete structure based on the present invention's design mainly contains following two kinds:
The first, described metal substrate are arc, and its radian is q, and the q span is 0.175 (rad)～3.14 (rad); The degree of depth of arc master apparent direction is d, and the d span is 0.05～0.4m; Arc interior surface curvature radius is R1, and the R1 span is 0.3～3m; Arc thickness is H, and the H span is 0.03～0.1m; The arc outer surface is identical with the interior surface curvature center, and radius of curvature is R6, R6=R1+H.Concretely, the first structure of the present invention is arc, arc is a cylindrical face of cylinder part, its radian is q, environment for use according to reality, the q span is 0.175 (rad)～3.14 (rad), radian q is less than 0.175rad, can cause overall structure of the present invention too small, utilize the experimental data of the electro-heat equipment acquisition of this size that engineering verification is not acted on, radian can cause the structure of electro-heat equipment greater than the mechanism of bottom head greater than 3.14rad, and the experimental data of utilizing the electro-heat equipment of this size to obtain is inaccurate.The degree of depth of arc master apparent direction is d, and namely the length that makes progress at cylinder axis of arc is d, and according to concrete simulated object, the d span is 0.05～0.4m; D can cause overall structure of the present invention too small less than 0.05m, utilizes the experimental data of the electro-heat equipment acquisition of this size that engineering verification is not acted on.D is greater than 0.4m, can cause with supporting other equipment scales of testing of electro-heat equipment too greatly, and economic benefit is too low.
The external diameter of described electrical heating elements is d, the aperture D of through hole on the metal substrate, and the aperture D=d+e of through hole, e are the allowance aperture, the e span is 1 10
-5～2 10
-4M.Further, for the ease of the assembling of electrical heating elements, between the aperture D of through hole and the outside diameter d of electrical heating elements allowance aperture e can be set, according to the aperture characteristics of electrical heating elements, the span of allowance aperture e is 1 10
-5～2 10
-4M.
The center of curvature of described arc is identical with the interior surface curvature center, its radius of curvature is the circular arc of R2, R2=R1+D, center, hole apart from the nearest through hole of inner surface is uniformly distributed on the circular arc that radius of curvature is R2, the distance on the limit, centre distance left side, hole of the through hole of the leftmost side is 1.5 D, the distance of the through hole hole centre distance right edge of the rightmost side is 0.5 D, the quantity N1=int of first row through hole 2 altogether (
-1).Specifically, according to the aperture of reality and the diameter feature of electrical heating elements, employing distributes through hole according to row mode, through hole is arranged on the arc according to different diameters, so, formation is centered by the center of circle of arc, through hole near the arc inboard is distributed on the circular arc that diameter is R2=R1+D, this exhausting hole is different from the sidewall distance at two ends simultaneously, wherein the distance on the limit, centre distance left side, hole of the through hole in left side is 1.5 D, the distance of the through hole hole centre distance right edge of the rightmost side is 0.5 D, so, just can be so that adjacent two exhausting holes be interspersed, each row's through hole is evenly distributed on the same circular arc, its interval equates, is more prone to simulate inhomogeneous heat flux distribution situation.
Described adjacent two rows' through hole is interspersed equably.
The second: described metal substrate is cuboid, and the length of cuboid is L, and the L span is 0.2m～5m; The degree of depth of cuboid master apparent direction is d, and the d span is 0.05～0.4m; Cuboid thickness is H, and the H span is 0.03～0.1m.Concretely, the second structure of the present invention is cuboid, the length of cuboid is L, wide is d, height is H, also can be for simulating approx the bottom head outer surface flowing heat transfer characteristic under the different operating modes by cuboid, thereby obtain pressure vessel bottom head outer surface critical heat flux density limit value, to realize nuclear reactor pressure container bottom head outer surface heat flux distribution under the different serious accident conditions, what adopt cuboid mainly is to consider to be used for other heaters of simulation, not necessarily be defined in the analogue pressure vessel bottom head, and the benefit of employing arc is that itself and nuclear reactor pressure container bottom head are more approaching, the effect that simulates is truer, shortcoming is processing difficulties, for this reason, also can adopt cuboid analog form as an alternative.
The heating segment length of described electrical heating elements is l, l=d-l
Conservative, l
ConservativeBe conservative length, l
ConservativeSpan is 0.0005～0.002m, and the external diameter of electrical heating elements is for being d, and the span of d is 0.005～0.017m, is furnished with the m exhausting hole on the cuboid, and its outside diameter d and cuboid thickness H just like ShiShimonoseki are: H=(1.3 m+0.7) d.Specifically, conservative length l is set
ConservativeAdvantage be because the existence of conservative length, can be so that the heating section of electrical heating elements be inlaid in the metal substrate fully, guarantee the quick conduction of heat that electrical heating elements produces, prevent because the electrical heating elements local dry burning that machining accuracy causes reduces the electrical heating elements probability of damage, l
ConservativeSpan choose that the existing industrial machinery working ability of main basis determines, the span of electrical heating elements external diameter mainly provides according to the electrical heating elements external diameter scope of selling on the existing market.
The aperture of through hole is D, and through-hole aperture D=d+e, e are the allowance aperture, and the e span is 1 10
-5～2 10
-4M, wherein, the distance of center circle of one exhausting hole of close metallic substrate surfaces is h1 from the distance of metallic substrate surfaces, h1=D, and the distance on the limit, centre distance left side, through hole hole of the leftmost side is 1.5 D, the distance of the through hole hole centre distance right edge of the rightmost side is 0.5 D, the quantity N1=int of first row through hole altogether (
-1).
Described through hole is interspersed.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and beneficial effect:
A kind of electro-heat equipment of simulating multiple heat flux distribution of 1 the present invention, utilize electrical heating elements to heat, according to different simulated object, can in through-holes, place electrical heating elements, simulate the housing that density of heat flow rate is uniform or density of heat flow rate is inhomogeneous, can not only realize that heater evenly generates heat, can also realize the simulation of multiple heat flux distribution heating, adopt a large amount of discrete type electric heaters, can realize the simulation of the heat flux distribution of broad range, can simulate nuclear reactor pressure container bottom head outer surface heat flux distribution under the different serious accident conditions, thereby obtain pressure vessel bottom head outer surface critical heat flux density limit value;
A kind of electro-heat equipment of simulating multiple heat flux distribution of 2 the present invention, also can be for simulating approx the bottom head outer surface flowing heat transfer characteristic under the different operating modes by cuboid, thereby obtain pressure vessel bottom head outer surface critical heat flux density limit value, to realize nuclear reactor pressure container bottom head outer surface heat flux distribution under the different serious accident conditions, adopt the cuboid can not only the analogue pressure vessel bottom head, can also be used for other heaters of simulation, and the benefit of employing arc is that itself and nuclear reactor pressure container bottom head are more approaching, and the effect that simulates is truer;
A kind of electro-heat equipment of simulating multiple heat flux distribution of 3 the present invention, adopt a large amount of discrete electrical heating elements as direct heat source, with the high-termal conductivity metal substrate as carrier, by changing respectively electrical heating elements power, the metallic substrate surfaces that not only can realize generating heat is generated heat with Uniform Heat density, can also realize generating heat metallic substrate surfaces with multiple inhomogeneous density of heat flow rate heating, inhomogeneous heat flux distribution can be adjusted as required in real time, and the highest face temperature density of heat flow rate that can simulate can reach 3MW/m
2
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention one;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention two.
Mark and corresponding parts title in the accompanying drawing:
1-metal substrate, 2-through hole, 3-electrical heating elements.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of electro-heat equipment of simulating multiple heat flux distribution of the present invention, form according to following processes: the at first manufacturing of carrier high-termal conductivity metal substrate 1, select the higher metal material silver of conductive coefficient, it is the arc of rectangle that metal material processing is become cross section, also can use copper, aluminium or its alloy material to replace silver, the radian of arc is q, and the q span is 0.175 (rad)～3.14 (rad); The degree of depth of the vertical paper of arc is d, and the d span is 0.05～0.4m; Arc interior surface curvature radius is R1, and the R1 span is 0.3～3m; Arc thickness is H, and the H span is 0.03～0.1m; The arc outer surface is identical with the interior surface curvature center, and radius of curvature is R6, R6=R1+H.Then, choosing of electrical heating elements 3: according to the depth d of arc, the heating segment length of choosing electrical heating elements 3 is l, l=d-l
Conservative, l
ConservativeBe conservative length, l
ConservativeSpan is 0.0005～0.002m, electrical heating elements 3 is got bar-shaped electrical heating elements, electrical heating elements 3 external diameters are d, the span of d is 0.005～0.017m, suppose to be furnished with on the arc m exhausting hole 2, then outside diameter d and arc thickness H have the following H=of relation (1.3 m+0.7) d, and existing electrical heating elements 3 highest face temperature density of heat flow rate can reach q=470(kW/m
2), so the highest heating power of electrical heating elements is P
E, the highest heating power P
EMust be less than P
Max=p d l q; Secondly, through hole 2 processing on the metal substrate 1 according to the outside diameter d of electrical heating elements, are determined the aperture D of through hole 2 on the metal substrate 1, and through-hole aperture D=d+e, e are the allowance aperture, and the e span is 1 10
-5～2 10
-4M, on metal substrate 1, determine that the center of curvature is identical with the interior surface curvature center, radius of curvature is the circular arc of R2, R2=R1+D, the first row through hole 2 hole center nearest apart from inner surface is uniformly distributed on the circular arc that this radius of curvature is R2, the distance on the limit, hole centre distance left side of the through hole of the leftmost side is 1.5 D, and the distance of the through hole 2 hole centre distance right edge of the rightmost side is 0.5 D, the quantity of first row through hole 2 altogether be N1=int (
-1), on metal substrate 1, determine that the center of curvature is identical with the interior surface curvature center, radius of curvature is the circular arc of R3, R3=R2+1.3 D, center, second row through hole 2 hole is uniformly distributed on the circular arc that this radius of curvature is R3, and present approximate staggered arrangement with last exhausting hole, the distance on the limit, centre distance left side, through hole 2 hole of its leftmost side is 0.5 D, and the distance of the through hole 2 hole centre distance right edge of the rightmost side is 1.5 D.The quantity of second row through hole 2 altogether is similarly N1; On metal substrate 1, determine that the center of curvature is identical with the interior surface curvature center, radius of curvature is the circular arc of R4, R4=R3+1.3 D, the center, hole of the 3rd exhausting hole 2 is uniformly distributed on the circular arc that this radius of curvature is R4, and present approximate staggered arrangement with last exhausting hole, the distance on the limit, centre distance left side, hole of the through hole 2 of its leftmost side is 1.5 D, and the distance of the through hole 2 hole centre distance right edge of the rightmost side is 0.5 D, and the quantity of the 3rd row through hole 2 altogether is similarly N1; On metal substrate 1, determine that the center of curvature is identical with the interior surface curvature center, radius of curvature is the circular arc of R5, R5=R4+1.3 D, the center, hole of the 4th exhausting hole 2 is uniformly distributed on the circular arc that this radius of curvature is R5, and present approximate staggered arrangement with last exhausting hole 2, the distance on the limit, centre distance left side, hole of the through hole 2 of its leftmost side is 0.5 D, and the distance of the through hole 2 hole centre distance right edge of the rightmost side is 1.5 D, and the quantity of the 4th row through hole 2 altogether is similarly N1; According to external diameter, number and the center, hole of the through hole of determining, use drill bit to finish the processing of through hole at metal substrate, through hole requires straight, and it is smooth that inner surface keeps.At last, assembling: successively electrical heating elements 3 setting-ins are entered in the through hole 2 on the metal substrate 1, until all through holes 2 all are embedded with electrical heating elements 3, must guarantee during setting-in that electrical heating elements 3 length are the heating section of l, fully in the degree of depth is the through hole 2 of d; After installing electrical heating elements 3, electrical heating elements 3 is divided into the X group, the X span is 1～30.Each group electrical heating elements 3 is powered separately, and the heating power of this group electrical heating elements 3 of independent control according to the heat flux distribution of required simulation, is regulated the heating power of respectively organizing electrical heating elements 3 successively; Be without loss of generality, suppose that the arc radian is q, the heat flux distribution of required simulation be Q1 (0～q1), Q2 (q1～q2), the Q3 (kW/m of q2～q)
2Then electrical heating elements 3 is divided into 3 groups of independent control heating powers by angular interval 0～q1, q1～q2, q2～q, the power of 3 groups of electrical heating elements is followed successively by: P1=q1 R6 d Q1, P2=(q2-q1) R6 d Q2, P3=(q-q2) R6 d Q3 can realize the heat flux distribution of required simulation.
Embodiment two
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of electro-heat equipment of simulating multiple heat flux distribution of the present invention, form according to following processes: the at first manufacturing of carrier high-termal conductivity metal substrate 1, select the higher metal material silver of conductive coefficient, metal material processing is become cuboid, also can use copper, aluminium or its alloy material to replace silver, the length of cuboid is L, and the L span is 0.2m～5m; The degree of depth of the vertical paper of cuboid is d, and the d span is 0.05～0.4m; Cuboid thickness is H, and the H span is 0.03～0.1m; Then, the choosing of electrical heating elements 3, according to the depth d of cuboid, the heating segment length of choosing electrical heating elements 3 is l, l=d-l
Conservative, l
ConservativeBe conservative length, l
ConservativeSpan is 0.0005～0.002m, electrical heating elements 3 is chosen bar-shaped electrical heating elements, electrical heating elements 3 external diameters are d, the span of d is 0.005～0.017m, suppose to be furnished with on the cuboid m exhausting hole, then outside diameter d and cuboid thickness H have the following H=of relation (1.3 m+0.7) d, and existing electrical heating elements 3 highest face temperature density of heat flow rate can reach q=470(kW/m
2), so the highest heating power of electrical heating elements is P
E, the highest heating power P
EMust be less than P
Max=p d l q; Secondly, through hole 2 processing on the metal substrate 1: according to the outside diameter d of electrical heating elements, determine the aperture D of through hole 2 on the metal substrate 1, through hole 2 aperture D=d+e, e is the allowance aperture, the e span is 1 10
-5～2 10
-4M, on metal substrate 1, determine that with length be the parallel straight line in the long limit of L, long back gauge is h1 on the air line distance metal substrate 1, and h1=D is apart from Metal Substrate, the center, hole of growing the nearest first row through hole 2 in limit on 1 is uniformly distributed on this straight line, the distance on the limit, centre distance left side, through hole 2 hole of the leftmost side is 1.5 D, and the distance of the through hole 2 hole centre distance right edge of the rightmost side is 0.5 D, the quantity N1=int of first row through hole 2 altogether (
-1), on metal substrate 1, determine that with length be the parallel straight line in the long limit of L, long back gauge is h1+h2=2.3 D on the air line distance metal substrate 1, be uniformly distributed on this straight line apart from nearest center, first row through hole 2 hole, long limit on the metal substrate, the distance on the limit, centre distance left side, through hole 2 hole of the leftmost side is 0.5 D, and the distance of the through hole 2 hole centre distance right edge of the rightmost side is 1.5 D, and the quantity of second row through hole 2 altogether is similarly N1; On metal substrate 1, determine that with length be the parallel straight line in the long limit of L, long back gauge is h1+h2+h3=3.6 D on the air line distance metal substrate 1, the center, hole of the first row through hole 2 nearest apart from long limit on the metal substrate 1 is uniformly distributed on this straight line, the distance on the limit, centre distance left side, through hole 2 hole of the leftmost side is 1.5 D, the distance of the through hole 2 hole centre distance right edge of the rightmost side is 0.5 D, and the quantity of the 3rd row through hole 2 altogether is similarly N1; On metal substrate 1, determine that with length be the parallel straight line in the long limit of L, long back gauge is h1+h2+h3+h4=4.9 D on the air line distance metal substrate 1, the center, hole of the first row through hole 2 nearest apart from metal substrate 1 long limit is uniformly distributed on this straight line, the distance on the limit, centre distance left side, through hole 2 hole of the leftmost side is 0.5 D, the distance of the through hole 2 hole centre distance right edge of the rightmost side is 1.5 D, and the quantity of the 4th row through hole 2 altogether is similarly N1; According to external diameter, number and the center, hole of the through hole 2 of determining, use drill bit to finish the processing of through hole 2 at metal substrate 1, through hole requires straight, and it is smooth that inner surface keeps; At last assembling: successively electrical heating elements 3 setting-ins are entered in the through hole 2 on the metal substrate 1, until all through holes 2 all are embedded with electrical heating elements 3, must guarantee during setting-in that electrical heating elements 3 length are the heating section of l, fully in the degree of depth is the through hole 2 of d, after installing electrical heating elements 3, electrical heating elements 3 is divided into the X group, the X span is 1～30, each group electrical heating elements 3 is powered separately, the heating power of this group electrical heating elements 3 of independent control, according to the heat flux distribution of required simulation, regulate successively the heating power of respectively organizing electrical heating elements 3.Be without loss of generality, suppose that cuboid length is L, the heat flux distribution of required simulation be Q1 (0～L1), Q2 (L1～L2), the Q3 (kW/m of L2～L)
2(L1, L2＜L), then electrical heating elements 3 is divided into 3 groups of independent control heating powers by length of interval 0～L1, L1～L2, L2～L, the power of 3 groups of electrical heating elements 3 is followed successively by: P1=L1 d Q1, P2=(L2-L1) d Q2, P3=(L-L2) d Q3 can realize the heat flux distribution of required simulation.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, and any simple modification, the equivalent variations on every foundation technical spirit of the present invention above embodiment done all fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the electro-heat equipment of the multiple heat flux distribution of simulation comprises metal substrate (1), it is characterized in that: be provided with a plurality of through holes (2) for electrical heating elements (3) is installed at described metal substrate (1).
2. a kind of electro-heat equipment of simulating multiple heat flux distribution according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described metal substrate (1) is arc, and its radian is q, and the q span is 0.175 (rad)～3.14 (rad); The degree of depth of arc master apparent direction is d, and the d span is 0.05～0.4m; Arc interior surface curvature radius is R1, and the R1 span is 0.3～3m; Arc thickness is H, and the H span is 0.03～0.1m; The arc outer surface is identical with the interior surface curvature center, and radius of curvature is R6, R6=R1+H.
3. a kind of electro-heat equipment of simulating multiple heat flux distribution according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the external diameter of described electrical heating elements (3) is d, the aperture D of the upper through hole (2) of metal substrate (1), the aperture D=d+e of through hole (2), e is the allowance aperture, and the e span is 1 10
-5～2 10
-4M.
4. a kind of electro-heat equipment of simulating multiple heat flux distribution according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the center of curvature of described arc is identical with the interior surface curvature center, its radius of curvature is the circular arc of R2, R2=R1+D, center, hole apart from the nearest through hole of inner surface (2) is uniformly distributed on the circular arc that radius of curvature is R2, the distance on the limit, centre distance left side, hole of the through hole of the leftmost side (2) is 1.5 D, the distance of the through hole hole centre distance right edge of the rightmost side is 0.5 D, the quantity N1=int of first row through hole 2 altogether (
-1).
5. a kind of electro-heat equipment of simulating multiple heat flux distribution according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described adjacent two rows' through holes (2) are interspersed equably.
6. a kind of electro-heat equipment of simulating multiple heat flux distribution according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described metal substrate (1) is cuboid, and the length of cuboid is L, and the L span is 0.2m～5m; The degree of depth of cuboid master apparent direction is d, and the d span is 0.05～0.4m; Cuboid thickness is H, and the H span is 0.03～0.1m.
7. a kind of electro-heat equipment of simulating multiple heat flux distribution according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the heating segment length of described electrical heating elements (3) is l, l=d-l
Conservative, l
ConservativeBe conservative length, l
ConservativeSpan is 0.0005～0.002m, the external diameter of electrical heating elements (3) is for being d, the span of d is 0.005～0.017m, is furnished with m exhausting hole (2) on the cuboid, and its outside diameter d and cuboid thickness H just like ShiShimonoseki are: H=(1.3 m+0.7) d.
8. a kind of electro-heat equipment of simulating multiple heat flux distribution according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the aperture of through hole (2) is D, and through-hole aperture D=d+e, e are the allowance aperture, and the e span is 1 10
-5～2 10
-4M, wherein, distance of center circle near the surperficial exhausting hole (2) of metal substrate (1) is h1 from the surperficial distance of metal substrate (1), h1=D, and the distance on the limit, centre distance left side, through hole hole of the leftmost side is 1.5 D, the distance of the through hole hole centre distance right edge of the rightmost side is 0.5 D, the quantity N1=int of first row through hole (2) altogether (
-1).
9. a kind of electro-heat equipment of simulating multiple heat flux distribution according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: described through hole (2) is interspersed.
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| CN110489712A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-11-22 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | The method for obtaining melting pool surface heat flux density based on measurement data |
| CN113141686A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-20 | 电子科技大学 | Device for manufacturing large-area high-heat-flux-density equivalent heat source by using heating rod |
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