CN103335758A - Polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) piezo-optical effect optical fiber sensor and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) piezo-optical effect optical fiber sensor and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN103335758A
CN103335758A CN2013102251353A CN201310225135A CN103335758A CN 103335758 A CN103335758 A CN 103335758A CN 2013102251353 A CN2013102251353 A CN 2013102251353A CN 201310225135 A CN201310225135 A CN 201310225135A CN 103335758 A CN103335758 A CN 103335758A
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pdlc
optical fiber
fibre
light
fibre core
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周州
耿红艳
宋国峰
徐云
范志新
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Institute of Semiconductors of CAS
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Institute of Semiconductors of CAS
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Abstract

The invention discloses a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) piezo-optical effect optical fiber sensor, a pressure detecting system and a corresponding preparation method. The optical fiber sensor comprises an optical fiber; the optical fiber comprises a fiber core and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film coated on the surface of the fiber core; one end of the optical fiber receives monochromatic light; light which is emitted from the other end of the optical fiber is emitted into a spectrometer; the sensor further comprises a pressure-applying piece which is used for applying a measured pressure to the side surface of the optical fiber; spectral signals are measured by the spectrometer, such that the magnitude of the measured pressure can be measured; and the properties of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film coated on the fiber core along a length direction can be different. The optical fiber sensor of the invention is advantageous in precision, sensitivity, compactness and strong adaptability, accords with the development trend of intellectualization, and also accords with the development of polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC).

Description

A kind of PDLC piezooptical effect Fibre Optical Sensor and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of optical fiber sensing, be specifically related to a kind of PDLC (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal) piezooptical effect Fibre Optical Sensor.
Background technology
Recent years, sensor to accurate, sensitive, small and exquisite, adaptability is strong and intelligentized direction develops.Especially Fibre Optical Sensor gains great popularity as novel sensor, and Fibre Optical Sensor is exactly the size that detects each respective physical amount according to the variation relation of extraneous factor.
Existing PDLC (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal) technology has obtained in fields such as electrooptical effects widely and has used, the hardness of PDLC film is very big, substantially can not cause light leak to become transparent owing to big external force, be a kind of multi-function membrane material that possesses photoelectricity and piezooptical effect simultaneously.PDLC (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal) film not only has special photoelectric effect, the printing opacity effect that also has drawing stress or shear stress to cause, but the printing opacity effect that does not also have pressure to cause at present is full coveraging of piezooptical effect.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical matters that will solve
The object of the present invention is to provide Fibre Optical Sensor of a kind of PDLC of utilization piezooptical effect and preparation method thereof, for a new thinking and direction are opened up in the development of Fibre Optical Sensor.
(2) technical scheme
The present invention proposes a kind of PDLC piezooptical effect Fibre Optical Sensor, for detection of be applied to from the outside this Fibre Optical Sensor by measuring pressure, comprise optical fiber, pressing piece and spectrometer, described optical fiber is made of fibre core and the PDLC film that coats on the surface of fibre core; One termination of described optical fiber is received a monochromatic light, brings out the light of penetrating from one of this optical fiber and incides described spectrometer; Described pressing piece is used for applying described by measuring pressure to the side of described optical fiber; Described spectrometer be used for to receive from the light of described optical fiber outgoing and measures the spectral signal of this light, can record described by the size of measuring pressure by measuring this spectral signal.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, described monochromatic light is that wavelength is that the line of 632.8nm is compiled the light that shakes, and the white light spectrometer is counted in described light splitting.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the refractive index of described PDLC film is less than the refractive index of described fibre core.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, described PDLC film is formed by prepolymer and nematic liquid crystal material configuration, and its mass ratio is 1: 1.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, described fibre core is glass bar.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the different in kind of the PDLC that coats at the length direction of described fibre core.
The present invention also proposes a kind of pressure detecting system, and it comprises above-mentioned PDLC piezooptical effect Fibre Optical Sensor.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, this pressure detecting system also comprises monochromatic source, chopper, lock-in amplifier and data processing equipment, and wherein, described monochromatic source is used for the described monochromatic light of emission; Described chopper is used for described monochromatic light is modulated into the light of fixed frequency; Described lock-in amplifier links to each other with described spectrometer, is sent to described data processing equipment after amplifying for the spectral signal that described spectrometer is detected; Described data processing equipment is used for record and handles the data of the spectral signal of described amplification, calculates described by the size of measuring pressure.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, it is described by the size of measuring pressure that described data processing equipment utilizes linear interpolation method to calculate.
The present invention also proposes a kind of manufacture method of Fibre Optical Sensor, described Fibre Optical Sensor comprises optical fiber, described optical fiber is made of fibre core and the PDLC film that coats on the surface of fibre core, it is characterized in that, described manufacture method comprises: adopt heat curing process, utilize chloroform that PDLC is deposited on the described fibre core.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the described chloroform that utilizes is the step that PDLC is deposited on the described fibre core: E7 liquid crystal and PMMA potpourri by a certain percentage are deposited on the described fibre core.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the E7 liquid crystal that deposits at the length direction of described fibre core is different with the ratio of PMMA.
(3) beneficial effect
Fibre Optical Sensor of the present invention is accurate, sensitive, small and exquisite, adaptability is strong, meets intelligentized direction development trend, also meets the PDLC application and development.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of PDLC piezooptical effect Fibre Optical Sensor of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the basic framework figure that comes the pressure detecting system of detected pressures with PDLC piezooptical effect Fibre Optical Sensor.
Embodiment
The present invention is based on the piezooptical effect of PDLC, proposed a kind of PDLC piezooptical effect Fibre Optical Sensor and manufacture method thereof.PDLC piezooptical effect film of the present invention is covered on the surface of fibre core of optical fiber, when optical fiber being applied by measuring pressure, PDLC piezooptical effect film has scattering and light transmission, be admitted to photo-detector after the character (as light intensity, wavelength, frequency, phase place, polarization attitude etc.) change (modulated) of the light by optical fiber thus, after demodulation, obtain by measuring pressure.
More particularly, the present invention utilizes the PDLC film under pressure, its liquid crystal molecule can be orientated, the change of the optical property of PDLC causes that fibre core and the total reflection of covering interface produce evanescent field, this part evanescent field can be gone out by the transmission of PDLC film, the detection light intensity is changed, can obtain tested pressure intensity by detecting light intensity.
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of an embodiment of PDLC piezooptical effect Fibre Optical Sensor of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, this Fibre Optical Sensor comprises optical fiber, pressing piece 4 and spectrometer 5, and described optical fiber is made of fibre core 1 and the PDLC film 2 that coats on the surface of fibre core 1, and this optical fiber is pressed part 4 and inserts and puts wherein.One monochromic beam M is from an end incident of optical fiber, and incides spectrometer 5 after the other end outgoing of optical fiber.
Described pressing piece 4 is used for applying a pressure F to the side of optical fiber, and this pressing piece 4 preferably is made of rigid metallic material, and has bar-shaped structure.Pressing piece 4 can freely control for the power F of fibre core 1.
The monochromatic light M that incides optical fiber one end should have the character of parallel lines polarization, and wavelength is preferably 632.8nm red line polarized light.At this embodiment, the monochromatic light that is produced by monochromator incides in the optical fiber via a convergent mirror 3.Convergent mirror 3 can be a microcobjective, is used for inciding optical fiber after the collimated monochromatic ligth convergence.
When wavelength to be measured was 632.8nm, described spectrometer 5 was preferably the white light spectrometer, was used for measuring the spectral signal of the light that passes fibre core.In this embodiment, spectrometer 5 can be realized by the CCD camera lens.
The PDLC film 2 that optical fiber among the present invention covers is formed by prepolymer and nematic liquid crystal material configuration, and its proportion optimization is mass ratio 1: 1.At the interface total reflection takes place in order to allow light incide the PDLC film from fibre core 1, the refractive index of PDLC film 2 must be less than the refractive index of fibre core 1, in this embodiment, the wavelength 632.8nm of the monochromatic light M of incident, the refractive index of PDLC film 2 is about 1.5.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the different in kind of the PDLC that coats at the length direction of the fibre core 1 of optical fiber.That is to say that the proportioning of E7 liquid crystal and prepolymer in the time of deposit PDLC film, is adjusted in different position on the length direction of fibre core 1, the PDLC film is different to the light wave receptivity of different wave length like this.
The light transmissive material that fiber core of the present invention can adopt refractive index to be higher than PDLC film 2 is formed, and is preferably glass bar.
In addition, Fibre Optical Sensor of the present invention also comprises a base 6, be used for fixedly pressing piece 4 and optical fiber 1,2, pressing piece 4 can move around with minimum friction on base 6, and optical fiber 1,2 has the decompression thing of similar sponge to reduce the effect of optical fiber 1,2 and 6 other extruding forces except the gravity effect between base.
The basic framework that utilizes PDLC piezooptical effect Fibre Optical Sensor to come the pressure detecting system of detected pressures is described below with reference to Fig. 2.As shown in Figure 2, this system also comprises monochromatic source 10, chopper 7, lock-in amplifier 8 and data processing equipment 9.Monochromatic source 10 emission monochromatic light M, chopper 7 places the convergent mirror (Fig. 2 does not show) of Fig. 1 preceding, is used for continuous monochromatic light M is modulated into the light of fixed frequency, and from other end outgoing, emergent light incides spectrometer 5 after the end incident of optical fiber.Lock-in amplifier 8 links to each other with spectrometer 5, amplification for the faint light spectrum signal of realizing spectrometer 5 is detected, the frequency plot of the amplifying signal that lock-in amplifier 8 is set is consistent with the frequency plot that the chopper modulation obtains, and the data of whole spectral signals of handling by spectrometer 5 generations and through lock-in amplifier are sent to data processing equipment 9.Data processing equipment 9 is used for record and handles the data of the spectral signal of described amplification, calculates described by the size of measuring pressure.This data processing equipment 9 can be computing machine.
In a kind of specific embodiment, at first need pressure detecting system is calibrated.
When calibration, at first, not to optical fiber under the stressed situation, make the light of 632.8nm by PDLC piezooptical effect sensor, treat the stable back extraction of spectral signal first spectral signal, the CCD camera lens is converted into digital signal to optical image (spectral signal) as spectrometer and imports computing machine (data processing equipment) into; Then, optical fiber is loaded 20 kgfs, measure the light of 632.8nm equally by the spectral signal of PDLC piezooptical effect sensor, pressure continues one minute.After treating that spectral signal is stable, extract second spectral signal, then second spectral signal under the pressure effect is carried out normalized to first spectral signal under the no pressure effect.
After to the pressure detecting system calibration, just can calculate pressure F to be measured according to measured spectral signal.That is, when unknown pressure acted on the pressing piece 4, we carried out the sizes values that linear interpolation processing obtains this pressure according to the spectral signal under this pressure effect.
According to another preferred implementation of the present invention, PDLC piezooptical effect Fibre Optical Sensor of the present invention is a kind of distributed sensor.In this embodiment, the diverse location of described optical fiber on its length direction arranges the PDLC film 2 of heterogeneity.Like this, the different piece PDLC film of the length direction of optical fiber is to the light wave receptivity difference of different wave length.Allow pressure with on the distributed way effect optical fiber time, adjusting monochromatic wavelength changes within the specific limits, different piece PDLC film can obtain the absorbing wavelength spectrogram under pressure of each several part PDLC correspondence by spectrometer so to the receptivity difference of different wave length.The method of having stated above the utilization is calibrated each several part PDLC diaphragm pressure detection system, according to the spectral signal of the corresponding absorbing wavelength of each several part PDLC film under the certain pressure effect, utilize linear interpolation processing just can obtain the size that this part PDLC goes up applied pressure again.Like this, just can measure the pressure value of the every fraction of optical fiber accurately, this stressed distributed sensor application scope is bigger.An embodiment of this embodiment is as follows:
We are divided into 5 sections in the effective length 2.5cm of PDLC film 2, the deposit E7 liquid crystal PDLC film different with the PMMA ratio on every section fibre core.Each segment is to the light wave receptivity difference of different wave length, supposes that corresponding absorbing wavelength is respectively A, B, C, D, E and all is between the 500nm-750nm.Like this, allowing 20kg pressure act on the light that sends from monochromator when each section gone up respectively changes to the 750nm at 500nm, obtain this five kinds of light wave output spectrum curves, because each part is to the light wave receptivity difference of different wave length, A, B, C, D, five kinds of final output intensities of wavelength light of E have nothing in common with each other, the light wave spectral absorption characteristics normalized of correspondence when more every section PDLC film not being exerted pressure, namely to the pressure detecting system subsection calibration, under unknown pressure effect, A when extraction monochromatic light changes from 500nm to 750nm, B, C, D, the output spectrum curve of five kinds of light waves of E, according to approach based on linear interpolation, can obtain the stressing conditions on each segment PDLC film, namely obtain the stressed distribution situation of optical fiber sensitizing range.If we the effective length of this 2.5cm be divided into 10 sections, 20 sections or more multistage deposit the PDLC film of different proportionings, utilize this method equally, can obtain optical fiber sensitizing range stressed distribution situation more accurately.
The method of making Fibre Optical Sensor of the present invention is described below.
The making key of Fibre Optical Sensor of the present invention is to make optical fiber.The key of optical fiber manufacturing method is to coat the PDLC film at fiber core.The present invention adopts heat curing process, utilizes flexible PDLC chloroform to be deposited on the fibre core 1 of sample fiber.Specifically, utilize E7 liquid crystal and PMMA potpourri by a certain percentage chloroform to be deposited on the fibre core of sample fiber.After treating the chloroform drying, just formed the vaporific PDLC film of one deck on the optical fiber.
Below, we illustrate above-mentioned method for making by an embodiment.This embodiment adopts the glass bar fibre core of 200 microns of diameters.
At first, getting a refractive index is about 1.7 glass bar.In order to guarantee that fibre core is clean, the core segment of this section exposure will be corroded a period of time under HF.After the etching, sample is placed in the ionization liquid to clean dries with nitrogen subsequently.
Then, adopt the heat curing technology.Utilize flexible PDLC chloroform to be deposited on the fibre core 1 of sample fiber.After treating the chloroform drying, just formed the vaporific PDLC film 2 of one deck on the optical fiber.In a kind of preferred implementation, in the scope of PDLC covering effective length 2.5cm, fibre core 1 is divided into 5 sections of equal in length deposits the PDLC film, the ratio of E7 liquid crystal and PMMA is different in the PDLC film of every section last deposition, changed to 75: 25 from 50: 50, different position on the length direction of fibre core 1 is different to the light wave receptivity of different wave length like this.
At last, this section sample fiber is placed in two grooves between the pressing piece 4 that is constituted by metal bar.
During the different in kind of the PDLC film 2 that coats in the longitudinal direction when the fibre core 1 of optical fiber, each segment is to the light wave receptivity difference of different wave length.When measuring two strip metals rod, 4 pressure, measure the pressure value of the every fraction of metal bar accurately, this stressed distributed sensor application scope is bigger.In the above-described embodiments, monochromatic wavelength changes between the 750nm at 500nm when allowing each gaging pressure, by the CCD camera lens optical image is converted into digital signal and imports computing machine into, obtain the output spectrum curve from computing machine, because each part is to the light wave receptivity difference of different wave length, the final output intensity of light wave has nothing in common with each other between 500 to 750nm, contrast the independent spectral absorption characteristics of every kind of PDLC film 2 again, can obtain the stressing conditions on each segment PDLC film 2, namely obtain the stressed distribution situation of optical fiber sensitizing range.
The optical fiber evanescent field sensor that is prepared into of the present invention has a wide range of applications at chemistry and biological field.Utilize that PDLC liquid crystal film energising is transparent, the characteristic of outage frosted, can be applicable to the fields such as commercial space decoration, hotel's decoration, projection displaying of various secret protections.
Above-described specific embodiment; purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; be understood that; the above only is specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. PDLC piezooptical effect Fibre Optical Sensor, for detection of be applied to from the outside this Fibre Optical Sensor by measuring pressure, comprise optical fiber, pressing piece (4) and spectrometer (5), it is characterized in that:
Described optical fiber is made of fibre core (1) and the PDLC film (2) that coats on the surface of fibre core (1);
One termination of described optical fiber is received a monochromic beam, brings out the light of penetrating from one of this optical fiber and incides described spectrometer (5);
Described pressing piece (4) is used for applying described by measuring pressure to the side of described optical fiber;
Described spectrometer (5) be used for to receive from the light of described optical fiber outgoing and measures the spectral signal of this light, can calculate described by the size of measuring pressure by measuring this spectral signal.
2. PDLC piezooptical effect Fibre Optical Sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described monochromatic light is that wavelength is the linearly polarized light of 632.8nm, and described spectrometer (5) is the white light spectrometer.
3. PDLC piezooptical effect Fibre Optical Sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the refractive index of described PDLC film (2) is less than the refractive index of described fibre core (1).
4. PDLC piezooptical effect Fibre Optical Sensor according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described PDLC film (2) is formed by prepolymer and nematic liquid crystal material configuration, and its mass ratio is 1: 1.
5. PDLC piezooptical effect Fibre Optical Sensor according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described fibre core (1) is glass bar.
6. PDLC piezooptical effect Fibre Optical Sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the different in kind of the PDLC that coats at the length direction of described fibre core (1).
7. a pressure detecting system is characterized in that, comprises the described PDLC piezooptical effect of claim 1 Fibre Optical Sensor.
8. pressure detecting system as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, this pressure detecting system also comprises monochromatic source (10), chopper (7), lock-in amplifier (8) and data processing equipment (9), wherein,
Described monochromatic source (10) is used for the described monochromatic light of emission;
Described chopper (7) is used for described monochromatic light is modulated into the light of fixed frequency;
Described lock-in amplifier (8) links to each other with described spectrometer (5), is sent to described data processing equipment (9) after amplifying for the spectral signal that described spectrometer (5) is detected;
Described data processing equipment (9) is used for record and handles the data of the spectral signal of described amplification, calculates described by the size of measuring pressure.
9. pressure detecting system as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, it is described by the size of measuring pressure that described data processing equipment (9) utilizes linear interpolation method to calculate.
10. the manufacture method of a Fibre Optical Sensor, described Fibre Optical Sensor comprises optical fiber, described optical fiber is made of fibre core (1) and the PDLC film (2) that coats on the surface of fibre core (1), it is characterized in that, described manufacture method comprises: adopt heat curing process, utilize chloroform that PDLC is deposited on the described fibre core (1).
11. manufacture method as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, the described chloroform that utilizes is the step that PDLC is deposited on the described fibre core (1): E7 liquid crystal and PMMA potpourri by a certain percentage are deposited on the described fibre core (1).
12. manufacture method as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, the E7 liquid crystal that deposits at the length direction of described fibre core (1) is different with the ratio of PMMA.
CN2013102251353A 2013-06-07 2013-06-07 Polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) piezo-optical effect optical fiber sensor and preparation method thereof Pending CN103335758A (en)

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JP2017125770A (en) * 2016-01-14 2017-07-20 株式会社ディスコ Stress inspection device
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Application publication date: 20131002