CN103332284A - Energy management and control method for electric propulsion system of hybrid power ship - Google Patents
Energy management and control method for electric propulsion system of hybrid power ship Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an energy management and control method for an electric propulsion system of a hybrid power ship and aims to realize the ultimate goals of minimizing energy consumption, emission, maximizing cruising power and guaranteeing the performance of the ship power system. The electric propulsion system of the hybrid power ship comprises an energy source system, an electric propulsion device, a charging device, a direct current bus, an energy conversion device and an energy management system. The energy management and control method can control the supply and conversion of the ship hybrid power source under two working modes. The energy management and control method comprises the steps that (1) the current demanded power of the ship is obtained; (2) the SOC (state of charge) value of a lithium battery is obtained through a CAN (controller area network) bus; and (3) an energy control rule is provided. The energy management and control method for the electric propulsion system of the hybrid power ship has the advantages that multiple energy sources in the electric propulsion system of the hybrid power ship are reasonably distributed, the utilization efficiency of the energy is improved, excessive energy can be recovered, the minimum energy consumption, minimum emission and the maximum cruising capacity can be realized, and the performance goal of the ship power system is guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to marine vessel power Push Technology field, relate in particular to energy management and the control method of hybrid power boats and ships electric propulsion system.
Background technology
Hybrid power boats and ships propulsion system can take full advantage of the energy storage of bavin-electric generating, wind energy, solar power and storage battery, can save fuel oil, cut operating costs, and is that very promising ship energy complex optimum utilizes system.The hybrid power electric propulsion system is to solve the recent development that ship energy saving reduces discharging, and is the combination of bavin electricity electric propulsion and pure electronic propelling.This technology has been used renewable emerging energy technology such as luminous energy, wind energy, its key core and hinge are energy management and control policy, hybrid power boats and ships energy management system has complex structure, and the characteristics that are extensive use of non-linear power electronic equipment, be again a nonlinear system of having gathered mechanical, electric, chemistry and thermodynamic system.The radical function of hybrid power boats and ships energy management system is the control of carrying out the control of boats and ships power and mode of operation switching, by commanding the co-ordination of each subsystem, to reach the best of efficient, discharging and dynamic property, take into account stationarity and the safety of navigating ship simultaneously.The mixing in multipotency source inserts will produce various instantaneous interference to the ship power system, comprise that the energy mixes the humorous wave excitation of interference, energy conversion generation, influence the safety of navigation of boats and ships, selected reasonable, an optimum control policy can improve safety and the stability of boats and ships.The research of domestic energy management strategy to hybrid power boats and ships electric propulsion system at present seldom, also be in the starting stage, therefore carry out the energy management strategy study, to the independent research and development capacity of raising China boats and ships hybrid power gordian technique, and promote the development of China's hybrid power boats and ships that important meaning is arranged.
Summary of the invention
Problem at above-mentioned present situation and correlation technique existence, the invention provides a kind of energy management and control method of hybrid power boats and ships electric propulsion system, obtaining minimum energy consumption, minimum discharging, maximum flying power, and guarantee that the electric power system of ship performance is ultimate aim.
The present invention proposes a kind of hybrid power boats and ships electric propulsion system is made up of following several sections:
(1) energy resource system.The bavin group of motors), lithium cell, super capacitor and solar-energy photo-voltaic cell energy resource system comprises that diesel powerplant (is called for short:.
(2) electric propulsion apparatus.Electric propulsion apparatus is made up of frequency converter, propulsion electric machine, operating console and screw propeller.
(3) charging unit.Charging unit is divided into dc charging device and AC charging device.
(4) dc bus.Dc bus is the point of energy resource system, and all energy all is aggregated on the bus in the mode of direct current, gives electric propulsion apparatus again.
(5) energy conversion device.Energy conversion device is divided into: AC/DC, DC/DC, DC/AC.
(6) energy management system.The bavin group of motors), the energy output of lithium cell, super capacitor energy management system (is called for short: according to system requirements reasonable distribution diesel powerplant.
In normal navigation process, hybrid power boats and ships electric propulsion system operating mode be divided into two kinds: the bavin group of motors is made main power, and lithium cell is made auxiliary power source, and this operating mode is mode of operation 1; Lithium cell is made main power, and the bavin group of motors is made auxiliary power source, and this operating mode is mode of operation 2.
(1) mode of operation 1.Diesel powerplant moves under the optimum efficiency mode of operation all the time in the system, its horsepower output P
eBe definite value, as boats and ships demand power P
lProvide power P less than the bavin group of motors
eThe time, the bavin group of motors also can be to lithium cell and super capacitor charging except providing the energy to boats and ships.As boats and ships demand power P
lProvide power P greater than the bavin group of motors
eThe time, (horsepower output is P by the lithium cell discharge
b) the replenishment system energy.
(2) mode of operation 2.According to the lithium cell work characteristics, when its state-of-charge (SOC) can satisfy the demand of system power, all provide energy by lithium cell, when SOC drops to a certain degree, just need starting bavin group of motors to satisfy the system power demand.After this, system switches to the bavin group of motors and makes main power, and all the other energy such as lithium cell are made the auxiliary power source mode of operation, when lithium cell SOC can satisfy the boats and ships power demand separately, switches to the mode of operation that lithium cell is done main power again.
Starting transient energy demand can be bigger, by the super capacitor discharge replenish starting moment than macro-energy.
When boats and ships pull in to shore, give lithium cell and super capacitor charging by the bank electricity.
The bavin group of motors is during to the charging of lithium cell and super capacitor, and its horsepower output is P
EcSolar-energy photo-voltaic cell is during to the charging of lithium cell and super capacitor, and its horsepower output is P
Sc, when Ship brake, feedback energy is P to the power of lithium cell and super capacitor charging
Bc
Solar-energy photo-voltaic cell all the time can be to lithium cell and super capacitor charging.
In order to realize minimum energy consumption, minimum discharging, maximum flying power, and guarantee electric power system of ship performance purpose, the electric propulsion system energy management of this hybrid power boats and ships and control method may further comprise the steps:
(1) obtains the current demand power of boats and ships.During current ship's navigation, obtain current torque T by torque sensor
0, tachogen obtains current rotation speed n
0Thereby, obtain the current demand power P of boats and ships
0
(2) system can obtain lithium cell SOC value by the CAN bus.
(3) energy control law:
1) pattern 2 priority are higher than mode of operation 1, as long as just satisfy under the condition of mode of operation 2, system preferentially enters the mode of operation of mode of operation 2.
2) if SOC 〉=50%, system enters mode of operation 2, this moment P
l=P
b, P
e=0.
3) if 30%≤SOC＜50%, system's pattern 2 of deactivating enters mode of operation 1.If P
l≤ P
e, P
l=P
e-P
Ec, the lithium cell charging state; If P
l＞P
e, P
l=P
e+ P
b, bavin group of motors and lithium cell hybrid power supply.
4) if SOC＜30%, system enters mode of operation 1, if P
l≤ P
e, P
l=P
e-P
Ec, the lithium cell charging state; If P
l＞P
e, system carries out Power Limitation, and the system requirements Power Limitation is at P
l=P
e, behind SOC＞30%, the cancellation Power Limitation gets back to 3).If SOC 〉=50%, system gets back to 2).
As shown from the above technical solution, the present invention proposes a kind of energy management and control method of hybrid power boats and ships electric propulsion system, can realize the multipotency reasonable distribution in the hybrid power boats and ships electric propulsion system, improve the utilization ratio of energy, recyclable unnecessary energy, can obtain minimum energy consumption, minimum discharging, maximum flying power, and guarantee the target of electric power system of ship performance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is hybrid power boats and ships electric propulsion system constructional drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the power analysis diagram of curves of hybrid power boats and ships electric propulsion system diesel engine unit of the present invention when making main power;
Fig. 3 is the power analysis diagram of curves of hybrid power boats and ships electric propulsion system lithium cell of the present invention when making main power;
Fig. 4 is energy control law diagram of circuit of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
For means, purpose and the final effect that the present invention is realized is easy to understand, below in conjunction with concrete diagram, further set forth the present invention.
A kind of hybrid power boats and ships electric propulsion system structure as shown in Figure 1, the solid arrow direction is the direction that energy flows.
(1) formed energy resource system by bavin group of motors, lithium cell, super capacitor and solar-energy photo-voltaic cell.The alternating current of the exportable 400V of bavin group of motors wherein; The equal output DC of lithium cell, super capacitor and photovoltaic cell.
(2) electric propulsion apparatus is made up of frequency converter, propulsion electric machine, operating console and screw propeller.
(3) charging unit is divided into dc charging device and AC charging device.Wherein dc charging device is mainly used in photovoltaic cell and gives lithium cell and super capacitor charging; The AC charging device is mainly used in the electric energy of bank electricity, the generation of bavin group of motors and gives lithium cell and super capacitor charging to photovoltaic cell.
(4) dc bus.Dc bus is the point of energy resource system, and all energy all is aggregated on the bus in the mode of direct current, gives electric propulsion apparatus again.It connects AC/DC, DC/DC, three groups of energy conversion devices of DC/AC.
(5) energy conversion device.Energy conversion device is divided into: AC/DC, DC/DC, DC/AC.Wherein AC/DC converts direct current (DC) to for the alternating current that the bavin group of motors produces, and gives dc bus; DC/DC is for the energy flow direction between control lithium cell and the dc bus; The electric energy that DC/AC is used on the dc bus converts alternating current to, gives electric propulsion apparatus.
(6) energy management system.According to system's actual condition and power demand, realize energy effective utilization in conjunction with the energy control law, cut down the consumption of energy and discharge, and guarantee maximum flying power.
A kind of hybrid power boats and ships electric propulsion system energy management provided by the invention and control method may further comprise the steps:
(1) the bavin group of motors is made main power, and all the other energy such as lithium cell are made auxiliary power source, as shown in Figure 2.Make diesel powerplant operation (constant power output) under the optimum efficiency mode of operation all the time in the system, as boats and ships energy demand (area 0 y
1At
0) provide energy (area 0 yat less than the bavin group of motors
0), this moment, the A district was the residue useful capacity of bavin group of motors, at this moment, the bavin group of motors can reclaim excess energy to the charging of closed-center systems such as lithium cell.As boats and ships energy demand (regional t
0Ambt
1) provide energy (regional abx greater than the bavin group of motors
2x
1), this moment, the B district was the energy that system also is short of, and in the case, discharged the replenishment system energy by lithium cell, wherein regional t
0Ambt
1Be the hybrid power supply district.
(2) lithium cell is made main power, and all the other energy such as bavin group of motors are made auxiliary power source, as shown in Figure 3.According to the lithium cell work characteristics, when its SOC can satisfy the demand of system power, all provide energy (area 0 y by lithium cell
1Mbt
0), when SOC drops to a certain degree, just need starting bavin group of motors to satisfy the system power demand.Begin to start the bavin group of motors from a point, at this moment, operating mode when lithium cell SOC can satisfy the boats and ships power demand separately, stops the work of bavin group of motors as (1).
(3) because super capacitor has the characteristic of big electric current fast charging and discharging, therefore when starting, can use super capacitor cooperate bavin group of motors and lithium cell replenish starting moment than macro-energy; During drag, use the quick recuperated energy of super capacitor.
When (4) boats and ships pull in to shore, give lithium cell and super capacitor charging by the bank electricity, guarantee the energy of lithium cell and super capacitor.
When (5) boats and ships normally navigated by water, the energy control law was as follows:
1) pattern 2 priority are higher than mode of operation 1, as long as just satisfy under the condition of mode of operation 2, system preferentially enters the mode of operation of mode of operation 2.
2) if SOC 〉=50%, system enters mode of operation 2, the boats and ships power demand is all provided by lithium cell, lithium cell is in discharge regime, this moment P
l=P
b, P
e=0.
3) if 30%≤SOC＜50%, system's pattern 2 of deactivating enters mode of operation 1, the bavin group of motors operates in the mode of operation of optimum efficiency, and constant power output.If P
l≤ P
e, P
l=P
e-P
Ec, the bavin group of motors is in power supply state, and lithium cell is in charge condition; If P
l＞P
e, P
l=P
e+ P
b, bavin group of motors and lithium cell hybrid power supply.
4) if SOC＜30%, system enters mode of operation 1, the bavin group of motors operates in the mode of operation of optimum efficiency, and constant power output.If P
l≤ P
e, P
l=P
e-P
Ec, the bavin group of motors is in power supply state, the lithium cell charging state; If P
l＞P
e, system carries out Power Limitation, and the system requirements Power Limitation is at P
l=P
e, behind SOC＞30%, the cancellation Power Limitation gets back to 3).If SOC 〉=50%, system gets back to 2).
The present invention is not subjected to the restriction of above-mentioned embodiment, and other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spiritual essence of the present invention and the principle, substitutes, combination, simplify, and all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. energy management and the control method of a hybrid power boats and ships electric propulsion system, described hybrid power boats and ships electric propulsion system comprises: energy resource system, electric propulsion apparatus, charging unit, dc bus, energy conversion device and energy management system, described energy resource system comprises diesel powerplant, lithium cell, super capacitor and solar-energy photo-voltaic cell, it is characterized in that energy management and the control method of described hybrid power boats and ships electric propulsion system comprise:
(1) obtains the current demand power of boats and ships: during described ship's navigation, obtain current torque by torque sensor, obtain current rotating speed by tachogen, thereby obtain the current demand power of described boats and ships;
(2) obtain described lithium cell SOC value by the CAN bus;
(3) provide the energy control law:
When a. described boats and ships pull in to shore, give described lithium cell and the charging of described super capacitor by the bank electricity, guarantee the energy of described lithium cell and described super capacitor;
When b. starting, use described super capacitor cooperate described diesel powerplant and described lithium cell replenish starting moment than macro-energy, during drag, use the quick recuperated energy of described super capacitor;
C. in normal navigation process, described hybrid power boats and ships electric propulsion system operating mode be divided into two kinds: described diesel powerplant is made main power, described lithium cell is made auxiliary power source, this operating mode is mode of operation 1, described lithium cell is made main power, described diesel powerplant is made auxiliary power source, and this operating mode is mode of operation 2, and described boats and ships demand power is P
l, the power that described diesel powerplant provides is P
e, described lithium cell discharge rate is P
b, the energy control law is as follows:
C1) pattern 2 priority are higher than mode of operation 1, as long as just satisfy under the condition of mode of operation 2, system preferentially enters the mode of operation of mode of operation 2;
C2) if SOC 〉=50%, system enters mode of operation 2, this moment P
l=P
b, P
e=0;
C3) if 30%≤SOC＜50%, system's pattern 2 of deactivating enters mode of operation 1, if P
l≤ P
e, P
l=P
e-P
Ec, the lithium cell charging state; If P
l＞P
e, P
l=P
e+ P
b, bavin group of motors and lithium cell hybrid power supply;
C4) if SOC＜30%, system enters mode of operation 1, if P
l≤ P
e, P
l=P
e-P
Ec, the lithium cell charging state; If P
l＞P
e, system carries out Power Limitation, and the system requirements Power Limitation is at P
l=P
e, behind SOC＞30%, the cancellation Power Limitation is got back to c3); If SOC 〉=50%, c2 gets back in system).
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