CN103331089A - Photoelectric compound catalysis fluid purification method - Google Patents
Photoelectric compound catalysis fluid purification method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103331089A CN103331089A CN2013102401149A CN201310240114A CN103331089A CN 103331089 A CN103331089 A CN 103331089A CN 2013102401149 A CN2013102401149 A CN 2013102401149A CN 201310240114 A CN201310240114 A CN 201310240114A CN 103331089 A CN103331089 A CN 103331089A
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Abstract
The invention mainly discloses a photoelectric compound catalysis fluid purification method. The photoelectric compound catalysis fluid purification method comprises the following steps of: adding a catalyst to a purification container, setting ultraviolet ray illumination, and meanwhile, applying an auxiliary electric field in the container; sucking air to be purified from the air inlet of the container, using the auxiliary electric field for realizing the dynamic stripping and surface accumulation of catalyst charges while exciting the ultraviolet ray illumination, and after air is fully in contact with a catalyst, discharging the air from the air outlet of the container. The compound excitation manner of the ultraviolet light plus the auxiliary electric field is adopted in the photoelectric compound catalysis fluid purification method, i.e., the auxiliary orthogonal electric field is applied so as to realize the dynamic stripping and surface accumulation of the charges while a normal light source is excited. The photoelectric compound catalysis fluid purification method can be used for effectively removing a majority of volatile organic gases in air and converting the volatile organic gases into harmless carbon dioxide and water in the end.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the gas/liquid purification techniques under the normal temperature efficiently, be applicable to the air cleaning in the non-open environment, special relevant with photoelectricity composite catalyzing fluid purification, be applicable to airborne organic, harmful, the imflammable gas of elimination or peculiar smell.
Background technology
A large amount of exploitations and people's improving constantly housing need along with real estate, increasing artificial material enters in daily life and the working environment, as paint, coating, all kinds of electric appliance casings that the furniture that composite is made and ornament materials, plastics are made etc.These artificial materials overwhelming majority has passed through chemical treatment, or has adopted some chemicals in preparation process, as solvent etc.These chemicals more or less have damaging effect to the health of human body.Though producer carries out certain processing before usually can be on sale, from product, get rid of these chemicals fully and often need time of extremely growing.Therefore, most artificial materials or in their use, all can discharge chemical substance constantly by the product that artificial material is made.Particularly plastic products in use along with material is heated, makes moist or through illumination ageing, big molecular breakdown also can occur and discharge micromolecular phenomenon.The for example aging decomposition of the plastic components of various electrical equipment and casing.Even nose can not hear, people are still among the encirclement that is in the number of chemical gas unconsciously.Moreover, for the requirement to insulation and humidity, indoor air often can not form free flow with outdoor air.Therefore these low concentration chemistry gases tend to gather indoor.In the course of time, the health of human body will come to harm.
Existing air clearing product often based on dust-filtering, does not possess the disposal ability to the chemical gas molecule.Some other owing to adsorbate being had selective and being subjected to capacity limit, often lack the detergent power of wide spectrum, and the manufacturing cost of activated carbon powder is higher as charcoal absorption type clarifier.In recent years, along with plasma oxidation, the development of technology such as photochemical catalytic oxidation, some emerging air cleaning facilities begin to possess the ability of handling organic gas.The gas processing capability of the concrete wide spectrum of these technology.Yet, owing to be subjected to the limitation of self-technique, and the unit power consumption, the restriction of conditions such as volume and cost, the gas transformation efficiency of these products is often lower.Still lack gas reactor efficiently at present on the market, decomposition and inversion pernicious gas rapidly is to reach the purification purpose.
Owing to have characteristics such as simple in structure, low-temperature operation and low-power consumption, photocatalysis oxidation technique is generally believed that being particularly suitable for indoor gas purifies.But the subject matter of photocatalysis oxidation technique is that actual conversion quantum efficiency far is lower than theoretical limit.Though its origin cause of formation is various, different because of situation again, two basic latent defects still are the most key.
First defective is individual to be the surface reaction mechanism of catalytic reaction.For photochemical catalytic oxidation, chemical reaction occurs in catalyst surface, and the non-inside of catalyst.Under the common response condition, most of electronics and hole are inner but not surperficial to resulting from catalyst.Effective charge (such as the hole) can't be initiatively from the catalyst internal migration to catalyst surface.Therefore, most effective charge fails to participate in chemical reaction, but final and contiguous corresponding charge recombination.Therefore, quantum effect reduces greatly.
Second recombination rate height that factor is electric charge, according to relevant report, the average life span in the rutile titanium dioxide crystal of electronics and hole is respectively 24 nanoseconds and 48 nanoseconds.Their average life spans in the anatase titanium dioxide crystal are respectively 10 microseconds and＜10 nanoseconds.The ability of freely drifting about of so of short duration life-span explanation electric charge very a little less than.Only under the situation of unusual coincidence, namely in of short duration moment, effective charge and reactant molecule appear at the same position of catalyst surface simultaneously, and reaction just might take place.Comprehensive above two origin causes of formation, under the situation of not having other auxiliary force, photocatalytic quantum is very low.
In order to overcome above-mentioned various defective, the inventor designs photoelectricity composite catalyzing fluid purification, and this case produces thus.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of photoelectricity composite catalyzing fluid purification, adopt ultraviolet light to add the complex excitation pattern of auxiliary electric field, just in the normal light source excitation, assisted orthogonal electric field to realize that dynamically peeling off with the surface of electric charge gather.Can remove airborne most VOC effectively, it finally is converted into harmless carbon dioxide and water.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Photoelectricity composite catalyzing fluid purification is added with catalyst in purifying vessel, ultraviolet illumination is set, and applies auxiliary electric field simultaneously in container; Air to be clean is from the air inlet suction of container, in the ultraviolet source excitation, realizes that by auxiliary electric field dynamically peeling off with the surface of catalyst charge gather, and the exhaust outlet from container after the abundant haptoreaction of air and catalyst is discharged.
Described catalyst is the mixture of oxide, nitride, sulfide, phosphide, arsenide or above-mentioned at least two kinds of materials.
Described catalyst form can be powder, coating or film.
Described catalyst is fixed in the supporter surface by adhesive with sintering or mechanical means, and this supporter can be container inner wall, gas circuit inner surface or gas circuit blade, and supporter can be accepted the irradiation of ultraviolet light simultaneously.
The fluid media (medium) direction that described auxiliary electric field direction and air movement form in vertical state.
Described auxiliary electric field is electrostatic field, fluctuation or AC field.
Described auxiliary electric field includes two electrodes, and electrode can directly contact with catalyst also can be by insulating barrier or air and catalyst isolation.
Described air enters container before through filter element from air inlet, and airborne solid dust particle is removed.
After adopting such scheme, in the time of ultraviolet illumination, apply auxiliary electric field, under its effect, produce free electron and hole respectively to electric field two end motions, therefore its compound probability can reduce, and ARL increases.Simultaneously, the direction of orthogonal electric field adopts the direction of motion perpendicular to fluid media (medium), so that effective charge can move and accumulate in catalyst surface, increases the contact probability with fluid media (medium).Therefore catalytic conversion efficiency can significantly improve.And, by conversion field direction simply, can realize that selectively surface charge is gathered.For example, can allow electronics or hole accumulate in catalyst surface selectively, to satisfy the needs of different chemical reactions (oxidation or reduction).
Principle provided by the invention and technology have oxidation and the conversion capability of wide spectrum, can remove airborne most VOC effectively, and it finally is converted into harmless carbon dioxide and water.The present technique invention not only can be used for IAQ control, also can be used for the control of commercial building and industrial premises air quality, some civilian or industrial exhaust-gas treatment, and the explosion-proof processing of the imflammable gas of some particular surroundings, as gases such as ethene in the Device in Gas in the colliery and the petrochemical industry.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the photocatalysis principle schematic diagram of prior art;
Fig. 2 is photoelectricity composite catalyzing schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the conversion ratio schematic diagram of preferred embodiment one of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the conversion ratio schematic diagram of preferred embodiment two of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Principle signal and The data titanium dioxide (TiO in the following embodiment of the invention
2) be example, but disclosed photoelectricity composite catalyzing principle has broad applicability to semiconductor catalyst among the present invention.Catalyst component can include but not limited to oxide, nitride, and sulfide, phosphide, arsenide, or above-mentioned some several mixture wherein also can mix metal particle.Catalyst form can be but be not limited to powder, coating or film.Catalyst is fixed in the supporter surface by adhesive (existing procucts on the market) with sintering or mechanical means, and this supporter can be container inner wall, gas circuit inner surface or gas circuit blade, and supporter can be accepted the irradiation of ultraviolet light simultaneously.The Preparation of catalysts method can include but not limited to sintering, spraying, chemical gaseous phase or physical deposition, sol-gal process or other method.
The electrode of auxiliary electric field, its preparation and installation form have big flexibility.Electrode can directly contact with catalyst also can be by insulating barrier or air and catalyst isolation.Installation form finally depends on intensity and the character that designs electric field.Electrode can be tabular, also can be other shapes such as netted or strip.Auxiliary electric field can adopt electrostatic field, and fluctuation or AC field can be modulated by control software by the difference requirement.
The present invention uses operation principle following (being example to purify air): entire system starts, and at first sucks air by fan/air pump from surrounding environment.Air at first passes through filter element, and airborne solid dust particle is removed.Filtration herein is identical with conventional art, does not do here and gives unnecessary details.Cleaned air passes is delivered to the photoelectrocatalysis conversion unit through air pump, and just in the purifying vessel of the present invention, cleaned air passes is returned to surrounding environment.In use, semiconductor catalyst is lossless.Can unlimitedly use in theory.
Embodiment one: purify 1% formaldehyde and Air mixing gas
Simulating pollution gas is 1.0% ± 0.01% formaldehyde and Air mixing gas.Catalyst is titanium deoxide catalyst (TiO
2).Ultraviolet light source is the 83W low pressure mercury lamp.Auxiliary electric field is 90 volts of quiescent direct current voltage.Direction of an electric field is vertical with the fluid media (medium) direction of motion that air forms in purifying vessel.The reactant gas composition uses Fuji ZRJ-3 infrared gas analyser to carry out on-line analysis.Testing time: conventional photocatalysis 18 hours; Photoelectricity composite catalyzing 15 hours.Per hour inject analog gas once, survey conversion ratio simultaneously.
Experimental result shows, apply coupled electric field after, the oxidation efficiency of formaldehyde greatly improves, and has been increased to 16.5% from＜5%.As shown in Figure 3, the conversion ratio of formaldehyde (ordinate, unit: %) with the change curve in reaction time (abscissa, unit: hour).As can be seen, increased auxiliary electric field after, the transformation efficiency of formaldehyde greatly improves.
Embodiment two: purify 3% methane and Air mixing gas
Simulating pollution gas is 3.0% ± 0.01% formaldehyde and Air mixing gas.Catalyst is titanium deoxide catalyst (TiO
2).Ultraviolet light source is the 83W high-pressure sodium lamp.Auxiliary electric field is 75 volts of quiescent direct current voltage.Direction of an electric field is vertical with the fluid media (medium) direction of motion that air forms in purifying vessel.The reactant gas composition uses Fuji ZRJ-3 infrared gas analyser to carry out on-line analysis.Testing time: conventional photocatalysis and photoelectricity composite catalyzing are 14 hours.
Experimental result shows, apply coupled electric field after, the oxidation efficiency of methane equally greatly improves, from＜2% be increased to＞10%.As shown in Figure 4, methane conversion (ordinate, unit: %) with the change curve in reaction time (abscissa, unit: hour).As can be seen, auxiliary electric field has equally significantly improved the transformation efficiency of formaldehyde.
Along with the lengthening of testing time, the phenomenon that conversion ratio in various degree descends has all appearred in two examples.According to equipment, the analysis of principle and data, maximum reason is that catalyst surface is covered by dust.Though in experiment, gas has been taked the filtration measure, has still had a small amount of tiny dust and enter in the reaction cavity.In the course of time be adsorbed in catalyst surface, cause catalyst structure.Therefore the filtering function that increases filter element also is an important link with the suction that reduces dust.Such as the number that can set up filter element or upgrading filter core etc. measure.
Above-described embodiment only is used for explaining inventive concept of the present invention, but not to the restriction of rights protection of the present invention, allly utilizes this design that the present invention is carried out the change of unsubstantiality, all should fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. photoelectricity composite catalyzing fluid purification is characterized in that: be added with catalyst in purifying vessel, ultraviolet illumination is set, apply auxiliary electric field simultaneously in container; Air to be clean is from the air inlet suction of container, in the ultraviolet source excitation, realizes that by auxiliary electric field dynamically peeling off with the surface of catalyst charge gather, and the exhaust outlet from container after the abundant haptoreaction of air and catalyst is discharged.
2. photoelectricity composite catalyzing fluid purification as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described catalyst is the mixture of oxide, nitride, sulfide, phosphide, arsenide or above-mentioned at least two kinds of materials.
3. photoelectricity composite catalyzing fluid purification as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described catalyst form can be powder, coating or film.
4. photoelectricity composite catalyzing fluid purification as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described catalyst passes through adhesive, be fixed in the supporter surface with sintering or mechanical means, this supporter can be container inner wall, gas circuit inner surface or gas circuit blade, and supporter can be accepted the irradiation of ultraviolet light simultaneously.
5. photoelectricity composite catalyzing fluid purification as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the fluid media (medium) direction that described auxiliary electric field direction and air movement form in vertical state.
6. photoelectricity composite catalyzing fluid purification as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described auxiliary electric field is electrostatic field, fluctuation or AC field.
7. photoelectricity composite catalyzing fluid purification as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described auxiliary electric field includes two electrodes, and electrode directly contacts with catalyst.
8. photoelectricity composite catalyzing fluid purification as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described auxiliary electric field includes two electrodes, and electrode is by insulating barrier or air and catalyst isolation.
9. photoelectricity composite catalyzing fluid purification as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described air enters before the container through filter element from air inlet, and airborne solid dust particle is removed.
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3639396A1 (en) * | 1985-11-19 | 1987-05-21 | Tohkai Kogyo Kk | DEODORIZATION DEVICE |
| DE3642472A1 (en) * | 1986-12-12 | 1988-06-23 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Process and apparatus for purifying exhaust gases |
| JP2004321886A (en) * | 2003-04-22 | 2004-11-18 | Toshiba Home Technology Corp | Catalytic reaction apparatus |
| CN1754615A (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-04-05 | 广东工业大学 | Photoelectricity catalytic reactor for degrading organic contaminant and degradation method |
| JP4496444B2 (en) * | 2000-01-06 | 2010-07-07 | 和幸 田路 | Photocatalyst, method for producing the same, and method for decomposing hydrogen sulfide using the photocatalyst |
| US20110180385A1 (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2011-07-28 | Raytheon Company | Control of Catalytic Chemical Processes |
-
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- 2013-06-17 CN CN201310240114.9A patent/CN103331089B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3639396A1 (en) * | 1985-11-19 | 1987-05-21 | Tohkai Kogyo Kk | DEODORIZATION DEVICE |
| DE3642472A1 (en) * | 1986-12-12 | 1988-06-23 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Process and apparatus for purifying exhaust gases |
| JP4496444B2 (en) * | 2000-01-06 | 2010-07-07 | 和幸 田路 | Photocatalyst, method for producing the same, and method for decomposing hydrogen sulfide using the photocatalyst |
| JP2004321886A (en) * | 2003-04-22 | 2004-11-18 | Toshiba Home Technology Corp | Catalytic reaction apparatus |
| CN1754615A (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-04-05 | 广东工业大学 | Photoelectricity catalytic reactor for degrading organic contaminant and degradation method |
| US20110180385A1 (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2011-07-28 | Raytheon Company | Control of Catalytic Chemical Processes |
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