CN103328352B - 生产加强型定界元件的方法和所述元件 - Google Patents

生产加强型定界元件的方法和所述元件 Download PDF

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CN103328352B
CN103328352B CN201180045370.1A CN201180045370A CN103328352B CN 103328352 B CN103328352 B CN 103328352B CN 201180045370 A CN201180045370 A CN 201180045370A CN 103328352 B CN103328352 B CN 103328352B
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杰克·古斯塔夫松
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/3405—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by profiled spacer sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
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    • B65D90/023—Modular panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/3483—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/02—Wall construction
    • B65D90/022—Laminated structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/02—Wall construction
    • B65D90/028—Wall construction hollow-walled, e.g. double-walled with spacers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/3405—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by profiled spacer sheets
    • E04C2002/3444—Corrugated sheets
    • E04C2002/3455—Corrugated sheets with trapezoidal corrugations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/3405—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by profiled spacer sheets
    • E04C2002/3444—Corrugated sheets
    • E04C2002/3461—Corrugated sheets with rectangular corrugations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/3405—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by profiled spacer sheets
    • E04C2002/3444—Corrugated sheets
    • E04C2002/3466—Corrugated sheets with sinusoidal corrugations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/3405—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by profiled spacer sheets
    • E04C2002/3472—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by profiled spacer sheets with multiple layers of profiled spacer sheets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2002/3477—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by tubular elements parallel to the sheets

Abstract

本发明涉及一种生产加强型复合表面定界元件例如壁、天花板或屋顶的方法。本发明还涉及用于例如集装箱的金属或复合材料的表面定界元件，即表面定界元件例如壁、门、天花板或屋顶。所述方法的特征在于，轮廓元件优选为金属并具有在区间200-250cm内的长度、在区间15-35cm内的宽度，和在区间18-40cm内的深度，所述轮廓元件并排连接，通过单元元件构成单元模块，物质或材料被添加至所述模块以带给所述结构元件完全的属性并且所述单元模块被设置为具有内部和/或外部完全覆盖层，同时对所述表面定界元件增加强度。所述表面定界元件的特征在于轮廓元件构成的一系列单元模块形成中间单元，其中每个单元模块具有至少30cm的宽度和至少18cm的深度，并且所述单元模块内部连接以实现所述表面定界元件，其中形成轮廓元件的一部分的材料桥具有金属或一些其它材料，并且其延伸长度对应于元件的深度并且基本垂直于元件的前侧朝向所述元件的后侧或内侧延伸。

Description

生产加强型定界元件的方法和所述元件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种生产加强型复合表面定界元件例如优选为集装箱的墙壁、地板或顶板(天花板)的方法，以及根据所述方法制造的元件。
背景技术
在所有的机械构造中，都需要强度和耐久性。必须构造和建造用于预期的目的并选择不同形状和系列的不同材料并且理解这些如何相互作用来实现预期的目的的。鉴于若干原因，选择材料并定形材料是重要的，以便基本结构主体的最终重量可保持较轻而又不失去强度。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是获得可有利的用于集装箱中的加强型复合表面定界元件。优选的，所述元件由若干个金属轮廓构成，所述金属轮廓被连接成单元模块，所述单元模块进而被合在一起以形成表面定界元件。
在每个单元模块中，可根据需要添加物质或材料，以给予结构元件所需的属性，例如绝缘或抗窃贼袭击的属性。
本发明会结合所谓的海洋集装箱进行描述，所述海洋集装箱是紧紧排在集装箱船只的甲板上和在船上彼此紧紧排放的待运输的集装箱。超过八个集装箱被彼此叠放并且内部锁定并锁定至船只的甲板。
在海上运输的过程中，这些叠在一起并紧固的集装箱需要承受巨大的应力。集装箱船一侧掀起的大浪会在紧固件和集装箱上都形成巨大的应力。当经历狂风暴雨的气候时，不时发生船只丢失部分集装箱装载的情况。当然，还存在可有利地应用本发明的其它情况。一种所述应用是移动燃料库，其中燃料被储存在集装箱的一个部分而泵设备位于另一部分中。此外，这里重要的是获得高度的安全性，即，加强型表面定界元件会有利地形成集装箱的底板、壁和顶板(天花板)。
本发明的主要目的是获得一种制造形成例如集装箱的部分的组合结构元件的方法，其中所述元件会承受高动态应力，尤其是在外海和天气暴露位置和当将集装箱彼此紧固在船只甲板上时可能存在所述应力。
另一个目的是获得多用途结构元件，所述多用途结构元件允许建造具有某些希望属性的结构，例如抗震和高度防窃贼。
另一个目的是获得一种结构元件，所述结构元件利用挤压成形的金属或复合材料的单元模块，所述单元模块内部连接。
上文所述的目的将通过权利要求书中所表征的方法和结构元件获得。
通过将单元元件排列成具有特定深度扩展并内部连接，它们会非常牢固并可承受扭转应力和外应力，并因此保护集装箱不变形同时也保护集装箱内的物品。最重要的是当被搬放在甲板上时，外部应力或集装箱上的载重不会导致任何本质或长时间的变形。集装箱的变形会削弱与其它集装箱和甲板的连接并可能破坏与其它集装箱或内部的连接，即，集装箱会松开和/或散开。
附图说明
现在将结合附图所示的实施例来描述本发明，其中：
图1A是根据本发明的第一元件的一部分，
图1B是根据本发明的第二元件的一部分，
图1C是根据本发明的第三元件的一部分，
图1D是根据本发明的第四元件的一部分，
图1E是根据本发明的第五元件的一部分，
图1F是根据本发明的第六元件的一部分，
图1G是根据本发明的第七元件的一部分，和
图1H是具有内表面或外表面覆盖物的元件的一部分。
具体实施方式
在图1A中示出了第一实施例，其中V形轮廓部分(部件)1a被分别连接和固定在外壁和内壁A和B之间以形成表面定界元件。在本实施例中，轮廓部分(部件)1a之间的连接通过此处壁C以有角度的轮廓片材的形式实现。单元元件B形成在轮廓部分(轮廓部件)之间。
在图1B中示出了L形轮廓部分(轮廓部件)1b，所述L形轮廓部件(轮廓部分)1b内部连接而不使用内壁，即，通过焊接直接连接轮廓部件。在这种连接(结构)中，应当说明L形轮廓部分(轮廓部件)1b具有不同的高度并且具有较高高度的元件与具有较低高度的元件进行连接。通过这种方式获得成角度的轮廓内表面。
在图1C中，示出了U形轮廓部分(轮廓部件)1c是如何分别连接和固定在外壁和内壁A和C之间的。这里，轮廓部件1c不是相互连接的，而是仅连接至外壁和内壁并且在其间形成空间构成单元元件B。
在图1D中，示出了挤压成形的轮廓部分(轮廓部件)1d的示例，所述部件具有被同质材料环绕的八个槽(通道)/开口。这些通道/开口形成单元元件B。若干个轮廓部件1D被连接以形成希望(需要)尺寸的轮廓元件。
通过挤压，形成铝轻质结构元件的轮廓部分(轮廓部件)1d，其全部属性很大程度上取决于填充入单元元件的材料。
在图1E中示出了具有双S形的轮廓部分(轮廓部件)1e，并且所述轮廓部件既在内部又在外壁和内壁之间相连。内部连接可通过焊接实现。这种结构自身可实现非常牢固和有弹性的结构元件，即，不通过填充单元元件B。如果这些单元元件B填充有膨胀材料，强度和绝缘性均会增强。
在图1F中示出了外和内U形轮廓部分(轮廓部件)1f，其利用具有矩形截面的插入中间的中空梁元件D连接。通过这制成具有不同单元元件的单元模块，其中相互连接的梁元件D同时形成间距装置。这里应当指出，所示的外和内轮廓部分(部件)1f朝向相反的方向，即它们的开口分别向外和向内。此处也可以通过焊接实现内部连接。
在图1G中，示出了两种类型的轮廓部分(轮廓部件)1g1和1g2，其中外轮廓部件1g1被固定至板而内轮廓部件1g2同时具有外角铁使得表面不是平滑的。
在图1H中，轮廓部分(轮廓部件)1h具有弯曲截面，所述弯曲截面在内部连接并且抵靠壁连接。因此所形成的单元元件也会具有弯曲的截面。本实施例会在单元元件之间提供更大的相邻表面。内部连接会通过焊接实现。在这种形状的结构元件中，通过有角度轮廓的金属形成单元元件，所述有角度轮廓的金属在单元元件填充有混凝土的情况下还可充当加强件。
因此，在示出和形成单元元件的上文不同的实施例中，一方面所述单元元件可以是空的或填充有多孔塑性材料、粘土陶粒(leca)、超硬陶瓷球、膨胀(泡沫)聚氨酯、石棉、玻璃棉、混凝土、纤维混凝土、泡沫混凝土或泡沫铝。所述壁可以是石膏板、胶合板、钢板（有轮廓的或光滑的）、铝制片材或木板。在所有上述的实施例中，内侧和外侧可更换位置。当需要光滑的外侧时，根据本发明的披露是可能实现的，而不会失去加强型表面定界元件的属性。
本发明不应被限于上文所示的实施例，可以在所附权利要求书的保护范围内对本发明进行改动。

Claims (12)

1.一种生产加强型复合表面定界元件的方法，其特征在于：轮廓元件具有在区间200-250cm内的长度、在区间15-35cm内的宽度和在区间18-40cm内的深度，所述轮廓元件被并排连接，通过单元元件构成单元模块，所述单元模块设置有内和/或外完全覆盖层，同时增加对所述表面定界元件的强度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述加强型复合表面定界元件是壁、天花板或屋顶。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述轮廓元件由金属制成。
4.一种金属或复合材料的表面定界元件，所述表面定界元件根据权利要求1所述的方法制造，其特征在于构成轮廓元件的一系列单元模块形成中间的单元，其中每个单元模块具有至少30cm的宽度和至少18cm的深度，并且所述单元模块内部连接以实现所述表面定界元件，其中形成轮廓元件的部分的材料桥具有金属，并且其延伸长度对应于所述轮廓元件的深度并且基本垂直于所述轮廓元件的前侧朝向所述轮廓元件的后侧或内侧延伸。
5.根据权利要求4所述的表面定界元件，其特征在于所述轮廓元件具有V-、U-、L-、或S-形状。
6.根据权利要求4所述的表面定界元件，其特征在于所述轮廓元件是挤压成形的并且构成中空的轮廓梁。
7.根据权利要求4所述的表面定界元件，其特征在于形成于所述轮廓元件之间的单元填充有一种或若干种材料。
8.根据权利要求7所述的表面定界元件，其特征在于所述材料包括蜂窝塑料、粘土陶粒球、金属陶瓷球、泡沫聚氨酯、石棉、玻璃棉、混凝土、泡沫混凝土和/或泡沫铝。
9.根据权利要求4所述的表面定界元件，其特征在于所述表面定界元件的内侧或外侧是石膏层、胶合板、钢板或铝板、和/或木板。
10.根据权利要求4所述的表面定界元件，其特征在于所述表面定界元件的外侧具有纵向肋，所述纵向肋由所述轮廓元件的端侧形成并且分散朝向所述轮廓元件的应力。
11.根据权利要求4-10中任一权利要求所述的表面定界元件，其特征在于所述表面界定元件用于集装箱。
12.根据权利要求4-10中任一权利要求所述的表面定界元件，其特征在于所述表面界定元件是壁、门、天花板或屋顶。
CN201180045370.1A 2010-09-24 2011-09-24 生产加强型定界元件的方法和所述元件 Active CN103328352B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1000954A SE535322C2 (sv) 2010-09-24 2010-09-24 Förfarande för framställning av ett förstärkt, sammansatt ytavgränsande element, såsom en vägg, golv eller ett tak i en container samt element tillverkat enligt förfarandet
SE1000954-6 2010-09-24
PCT/SE2011/000166 WO2012039661A1 (en) 2010-09-24 2011-09-24 Method of producing an enforced delimited element and such an element.

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RU2573359C2 (ru) 2016-01-20
SE535322C2 (sv) 2012-06-26
US9156599B2 (en) 2015-10-13
EP2619113A4 (en) 2017-09-06
MX2013003193A (es) 2013-10-03
CA2811684C (en) 2018-09-18
CA2811684A1 (en) 2012-03-29
MX337054B (es) 2016-02-11
SE1000954A1 (sv) 2012-03-25
WO2012039661A1 (en) 2012-03-29
RU2013118508A (ru) 2014-10-27
CN103328352A (zh) 2013-09-25
US20130277378A1 (en) 2013-10-24
EP2619113A1 (en) 2013-07-31

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