CN103323521B - A kind of collocation method possessing alternating current-direct current longitudinally closed circuit magnetizing function and defectoscope - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to technical field of nondestructive testing, a kind of collocation method possessing alternating current-direct current longitudinally closed circuit magnetizing function and defectoscope are disclosed, described defectoscope includes: the magnetization chuck of axial stretching, exchange circumferential magnetization transformator, direct current longitudinal magnetization coil and magnetization iron core, two exchange longitudinal magnetization coils, the longitudinal transformator of exchange, exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformers, described two exchange longitudinal magnetization coils are nested with on the axle journal magnetizing chuck mandrel front and back respectively, and are separately fixed on the mandrel front and back magnetizing chuck；Described exchange longitudinal magnetization transformator outfan is connected by insulated cable and two exchange longitudinal magnetization coils connected in series；The present invention can realize the multiple mode of magnetization on a defectoscope, has the advantage that detection sensitivity is high, flux loss is little, magnetic efficiency is good, reduces workman's labor intensity when detecting heavy parts；And easy to operate, detection efficiency is high, repacking is simple, low cost of manufacture, suitably existing equipment is transformed and is promoted.

Description

A kind of collocation method possessing alternating current-direct current longitudinally closed circuit magnetizing function and defectoscope

[technical field]

The invention belongs to technical field of nondestructive testing, refer more particularly to a kind of possess alternating current-direct current longitudinally closed circuit magnetizing function Collocation method and defectoscope.

[background technology]

Magnetic testing is the one economically viable detection ferromagnetic metal parts table that current Non-Destructive Testing industry is generally acknowledged Face and the method for near surface flaw, it is to magnetize ferromagnetic metal parts according to electromagnetic principle magnaflux, To being applied to surface of the work under the effect of the remanent magnetism possessed after the directly effect or workpiece magnetizing of defectoscope magnetizing field Magnetic powder generation effect, if surface of the work existing defects will produce stray field, makes magnetic powder generation aggregately stacked effect, is formed and lack Falling into magnetic trace, defect can be estimated according to magnetic trace feature and acceptance criteria and judge by reviewer.

The core key technology of Magnetic testing is exactly Magnitizing method, realizes required by developing suitable magnetizing assembly Magnitizing method, utilizes magnetizing assembly to make surface of the work produce effective magnetic field, it is ensured that to have the stray field of the rejected region of hazardness Possess the ability adsorbing magnetic powder reliably, it is ensured that the final effect of detection, prevent the generation of missing inspection, be magnaflux design Ultimate aim.

In China, the most common stationary magnetic particle detector that can workpiece be realized circumferential magnetization and longitudinal magnetization simultaneously The compound magnetizer for magnetic particle inspection used, version mainly has the most several:

1, " exchange axially energising circumferential magnetization device " adds " direct circuit harness longitudinal direction Overall magnetization ", and structure is shown in Fig. 1.This knot The magnetization principle of configuration formula is: to the realization of workpiece 1 circumferential magnetization be by magnetization chuck 2a and 2b along workpiece axial according to Inspection criterion requires to pass to a certain size alternating current, due to electromagnetic induction effect, produces along workpiece circumference at surface of the work The magnetic field in direction；Longitudinal magnetization to workpiece belongs to closed circuit yoke magnetization, after direct current longitudinal magnetization coil 4a and 4b energising, produces Along the magnetic field of workpiece 1 longitudinal direction, workpiece being realized longitudinal magnetization, this magnetic field is by front magnetization chuck 2a, workpiece 1, back magnetization chuck 2b, rear iron-core coil 3b, magnetic conduction guide rail 5, front iron-core coil 3a, front magnetization chuck 2a form closed magnetic circuit.

The feature of the compound magnetizer for magnetic particle inspection of this version is: longitudinal magnetization flux loss is little, imitates workpiece magnetizing The best；The equipment of this magnetization technology, longitudinal magnetization coil 4a and 4b is used to be respectively placed in magnetization chuck 2a and 2b both sides, it is simple to The quick-clamping of workpiece and unloading, easy to operate, detection efficiency is high, it is adaptable to the detection of workpiece in high volume.Owing to using direct current Carry out longitudinal magnetization, so the magnetization degree of depth is relatively deep, be conducive to finding the defect away from the deeper near surface not opening of surface of the work.Cause The compound magnetizer for magnetic particle inspection of this this version, at the middle-size and small-size part for machining, especially casts the magnetic powder of class part In detection, its Detection results is preferable, and obtains promotion and application widely.

But, it is disadvantageous in that: owing to longitudinal magnetization coil is placed in magnetization chuck 2a and 2b both sides, distance workpiece is relatively Far, poor to the magnetic efficiency in the middle part of workpiece, along with the increase of part length, equipment Inspection sensitivity is remarkably decreased, therefore this Kind of magnetizing assembly is only applicable to the detection of medium and small part, for large-scale workpiece more than length 1000mm power of test not Foot；Owing to longitudinal magnetization uses unidirectional current, it is relatively deep that the workpiece degree of depth is penetrated in magnetic field, and workpiece remanent magnetism relatively greatly, causes demagnetization difficulty to increase； The most key a bit, for the part that surface texture is complicated and changes of section is more, its magnetic conduction effect is poor, and part When length increases, the detection sensitivity of the transverse defect in the middle part of part is decreased obviously；Owing to having magnetic conduction guide rail structure, manufacturing cost Higher.

2, " exchange axially energising circumferential magnetization device " adds " AC or DC coil magnetizing ", and structure is shown in Fig. 2.This magnetization The magnetization principle of the equipment of technology is: be by axial along workpiece of magnetization chuck 2a and 2b to the realization of workpiece 1 circumferential magnetization Require to pass to a certain size alternating current according to inspection criterion, due to electromagnetic induction effect, produce along workpiece at surface of the work The magnetic field of circumferencial direction；Longitudinal magnetization to workpiece belongs to open circuit magnetization, after longitudinal magnetization coil 8a and 8b energising, produces along work The magnetic field of part 1 longitudinal direction, owing to not having magnetic conduction guide rail in lathe bed structure, it is impossible to forms closed magnetic circuit, only produces magnetic at longitudinal coil Under the effect of field, workpiece is carried out longitudinal magnetization.

The feature of this compound magnetizer for magnetic particle inspection structure is: longitudinal magnetization coil 8a and 8b be respectively placed in magnetization chuck 2a and 2b two ends, it is simple to the quick-clamping of workpiece and unloading, easy to operate, detection efficiency is high, is suitable to the detection of high-volume workpiece；Due to Not having magnetic conduction guide rail, so this apparatus structure is simple, manufacturing cost is relatively low.Based on above some, the actual production of current enterprise Applying most in inspection is this compound magnetizer for magnetic particle inspection.

But, it is disadvantageous in that: do not have magnetic conduction guide rail in lathe bed structure, it is impossible to forms closed magnetic circuit, enters workpiece Row longitudinal magnetization belongs to open circuit magnetization, so flux loss is relatively big, when coil diameter is bigger than chuck iron core, imports iron core Magnetic field is reduced, and magnetic efficiency is deteriorated, and the most this structure, owing to coil is at chuck two ends, makes the magnetic efficiency in the middle part of workpiece relatively Difference, the power of test of the part being therefore more than 500mm for length is the best, and along with the increase of part length, equipment Inspection spirit Sensitivity can be remarkably decreased.

3, " exchange axially energising circumferential magnetization device " add " in put the magnetization of removable AC or DC magnetizing coil ", structure See Fig. 3.The magnetization principle using the equipment of this magnetization technology is: the realization to workpiece 1 circumferential magnetization is by magnetization chuck 2a and 2b requires to pass to a certain size alternating current according to inspection criterion, due to electromagnetic induction effect, in work along the axial of workpiece Part surface produces the magnetic field along workpiece circumferencial direction；Longitudinal magnetization to workpiece belongs to open circuit magnetization, longitudinal magnetization coil 12 After energising, produce the magnetic field along workpiece 1 longitudinal direction, owing to lathe bed structure not having magnetic conduction guide rail, it is impossible to form closed magnetic circuit, only exist Longitudinal coil produces the effective coverage in magnetic field, and workpiece is carried out longitudinal magnetization.

The feature of this compound magnetizer for magnetic particle inspection structure is: longitudinal magnetization coil 12 is arranged in the middle of two chuck 2a and 2b, Can move axially along workpiece, workpiece can be carried out segmentation local detection, be suitable for major axis class or complex shape part Detection.Owing to not having magnetic conduction guide rail, so this apparatus structure is simple, manufacturing cost is relatively low.

But, it is disadvantageous in that: do not have magnetic conduction guide rail and conducting magnet core in lathe bed structure, it is impossible to form closed magnetic Road, the longitudinal magnetization carrying out workpiece belongs to open circuit magnetization, and flux loss is relatively big, and the sensing of the workpiece that places one's entire reliance upon itself Effect, when coil diameter is much larger than diameter of work, magnetic efficiency is very poor；Owing to longitudinal magnetization coil 12 being put, thus cause Clamping workpiece and removal operation inconvenience, flaw detection efficiency is low, is not suitable for carrying out the detection of high-volume part.Therefore, this structure shape The compound magnetizer for magnetic particle inspection structure of formula is only applied to the detection of macrotype axes series parts and the sampling observation of parts in small batch.

Knowable to the construction features of any of the above magnetizing assembly:

A: although existing various compound magnetizer for magnetic particle inspection all has certain suitability and a beneficial effect, but due to above-mentioned respectively Plant device and be all respectively present some weak points being difficult to overcome so that each comfortable actual application has some limitations, very To the missing inspection that part defect occurs during detection.

B: in order to realize dissimilar workpiece and the Magnetic testing of same workpiece different parts, generally requires employing not Same magnetizing assembly, so certainly will strengthen the investment of equipment and increase the time needed for detection process and back work, causing inspection Survey efficiency reduces.

Therefore, in the enterprise produced, developing products parts kind is more, the enterprise that especially scale is less, how can Limited fund input is enough utilized to realize various dissimilar parts are carried out effective Magnetic testing, it is ensured that product quality, and Improve detection efficiency, be badly in need of seeking a kind of effective magnetizing equipment solution.

[summary of the invention]

In order to overcome the deficiency in background technology, it is an object of the invention to provide one and possess alternating current-direct current longitudinally closed circuit magnetic Changing collocation method and the defectoscope of function, method of the present invention is possible not only to realize the original institute of alternating current-direct current magnaflux There is function, retain its original detection advantage, and can realize exchanging closed circuit yoke magnetization function, i.e. meet at same magnetic Realize the needs of multiple Magnitizing method combination application on powder defectoscope, adapt to the Magnetic testing of dissimilar workpiece, and can reach Reduce equipment purchasing expense, be effectively improved the purpose of utilization rate of equipment and installations；The present invention is dissimilar in order to meet relative to current Workpiece and the Magnetic testing of same workpiece different parts and need to be equipped with the situation of the magnaflux of more than two, have into This is low, utilization rate of equipment and installations advantages of higher.

In order to realize goal of the invention of the present invention, the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

A kind of defectoscope possessing alternating current-direct current longitudinally closed circuit magnetizing function, including: the length of axial stretching magnetization chuck, Guide rail that the mild steel that remanent magnetism is low is made, exchange circumferential magnetization transformator, direct current longitudinal magnetization coil and magnetization iron core, transmission and Workpiece clamping mechanical mechanism and control electricity cabinet, described transmission and Workpiece clamping mechanical mechanism, including: have make workpiece coarse positioning and The right magnetization chuck base mechanically moving drive mechanism of pre-clamping, has fine positioning and the right Magnetization clip of final clamping making workpiece Head clamping precision positioning control mechanism；Also include: two exchange longitudinal magnetization coils, the longitudinal transformator of exchange, exchange longitudinal magnetizations Current transformer, described two exchange longitudinal magnetization coils are nested with on the axle journal magnetizing chuck mandrel front and back respectively, and point It is not fixed on the mandrel front and back magnetizing chuck；It is vertical that the induction coil of described exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer is enclosed within exchange On the copper bar that magnetizing current transformer secondary output exports wherein one end, and copper bar is positioned at the sense of exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer Answer hub of a spool position, and be fixed on lathe bed；Described exchange longitudinal magnetization transformator outfan is by insulated cable and two Exchange longitudinal magnetization coils connected in series connects；Exchange longitudinal magnetization transformer inputs with control to exchange longitudinal magnetization control in electric cabinet The outfan of system processed is connected；Exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer outfan is by cable and exchanging longitudinally in control electricity cabinet The feedback end of magnetization control system is connected；

Wherein, the mandrel axially extended a length of 70～80mm of described magnetization chuck, the axle diameter of magnetization chuck is 100 ～180mm；And it is provided with buffer insulation pad between the mandrel of exchange longitudinal magnetization coil endoporus and magnetization chuck.

A kind of defectoscope possessing alternating current-direct current longitudinally closed circuit magnetizing function, described exchange longitudinal magnetization coil endoporus and magnetic The buffer insulation pad changed between the mandrel of chuck is rubber pad.

A kind of defectoscope possessing alternating current-direct current longitudinally closed circuit magnetizing function, described exchange longitudinal magnetization coil, use logical Preventing the red copper material copper coin that coil is overheated during electricity, copper coin sectional area is more than 50mm × 5mm；Every exchange longitudinal magnetization coil The coiling number of turn: be 2～5 circles；Longitudinal magnetization coil total number of turns is set to 4～10 circles, maximum operating currenbt 3000～5000A, magnetic Gesture is 10000～30000AT；And exchange longitudinal magnetization coil is by the insulation crust of insulant sealing molding；Exchange longitudinal flux The diameter of bore of the insulation crust changing coil is 110～190mm, and exchange longitudinal magnetization coil insulation shell axial width dimension is 60～70mm.

A kind of defectoscope possessing alternating current-direct current longitudinally closed circuit magnetizing function, described exchange longitudinal magnetization control system, including: Exchange longitudinal magnetization main circuit, control current circuit, protection circuit, feedback indicating circuit, described exchange longitudinal magnetization controls electricity Current circuit use control of silicion controlled voltage regulator circuit, control of silicion controlled voltage regulator circuit control exchange longitudinal magnetization main circuit with exchange Longitudinal transformator is connected, and the longitudinal transformator outfan of exchange is by exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer and feedback indicating circuit Ammeter is connected.

A kind of defectoscope possessing alternating current-direct current longitudinally closed circuit magnetizing function, described control electricity is cashier's office in a shop provided with electrical control face Plate, including: exchange circumferential magnetization ammeter, direct current longitudinal magnetization ammeter, exchange longitudinal magnetization ammeter, magnetization control are pressed Button, demagnetization control knob, SR, emergency stop push button, mode of magnetization selection switch, the method for inspection select switch, hand over directly Stream selects switch, exchange circumferential magnetization current adjusting knob, direct current longitudinal magnetization current adjusting knob, exchange longitudinal magnetization electric current Adjusting knob, power supply indicator.

A kind of possess the collocation method exchanging closed circuit magnetizing function, and step is as follows:

1), an alternating current-direct current magnaflux is selected, including: having can the magnetization chuck of axial stretching, low-carbon (LC) steel The low guide rail of the good remanent magnetism of magnetic conduction, exchange circumferential magnetization transformator, direct current longitudinal magnetization coil and magnetization iron core, transmission and the work become Part clamping mechanical mechanism；

2), the exchange longitudinal magnetization transformator used is:

A. primary voltage is 220V or 380V

The most secondary level floating voltage is 11V～19V；

C. capacity: determine friendship according to the specification capacity of former alternating current-direct current magnaflux, detection range, actually used demand The capacity of stream longitudinal magnetization transformator: circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 1000～3000A, the appearance of exchange longitudinal magnetization transformator Amount is defined as 15～50kVA, and circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 4000～6000A, and the capacity of exchange longitudinal magnetization transformator is true Being set to 40～80kVA, circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 6000～10000A, and the capacity of exchange longitudinal magnetization transformator is defined as 70～110kVA；

D. install: exchange longitudinal magnetization transformator is mounted on inside equipment lathe bed structure, and make output copper bar court On rear side of equipment；

3), the exchange longitudinal magnetization coil used is:

A. the quantity of exchange longitudinal magnetization coil is 2；

B. the material of coil copper coin and specification: the material selection red copper of copper coin, copper used by exchange longitudinal magnetization coil winding Plate sectional area is 50mm × 5mm, 60mm × 6mm or 60mm × 8mm；

C. determine the coiling number of turn of every coil according to the maximum output load current of exchange longitudinal magnetization transformator, be 2 ～5 circles；

D. with insulant sealing molding after exchange longitudinal magnetization coil winding is good, the insulation crust internal diameter size of coil is 110～190mm, coil insulation shell axial width dimension is 60～70mm；

E. install；Pull down magnetizing chuck before and after defectoscope, before and after two exchange longitudinal magnetization coils are respectively fitted over On the axle journal of magnetization chuck mandrel；Magnetization chuck is reinstalled defectoscope, and is eliminated as buffer insulation pad by cushioning rubber peel Gap between the mandrel of exchange longitudinal magnetization coil endoporus and magnetization chuck, by safe and reliable for two exchange longitudinal magnetization coils Be separately fixed on the mandrel front and back magnetizing chuck；

4), the electric control circuit of employing realization exchange longitudinally closed circuit magnetizing function:

A. power supply load capacity needed for there is exchange longitudinally closed circuit magnetization control circuit: circumferential magnetization electric current be 1000～ The equipment of 3000A, needed for exchanging longitudinal closed circuit magnetization control circuit, power supply load capacity is defined as 15～50kVA, circumferential magnetization Electric current is the equipment of 4000～6000A, and needed for exchange longitudinally closed circuit magnetization control circuit, power supply load is defined as 40～80kVA, Circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 6000～10000A, and needed for exchange longitudinally closed circuit magnetization control circuit, power supply load is defined as 70 ～110kVA；

B. there is magnetizing current regulation circuit: exchange longitudinal magnetization current regulating circuit uses control of silicion controlled voltage regulator skill Art；Exchange longitudinal magnetization electric current indicator current table carries out current sample by exchange longitudinal current transformer；

C. the setting of protection circuit: including: system overvoltage crosses stream and short-circuit fault protection circuit；Control the short circuit guarantor in loop Protection circuit；Exchange longitudinal magnetization and the function selecting inter-lock circuit of direct current longitudinal magnetization；Controllable silicon current foldback circuit；Can Control silicon overvoltage crowbar；

D. electrical control panel, electric mounting disc and the design of installation cabinet and making: meet the demand for control of what's new；

E. electric control theory figure and electric mounting disc layout drawing are drawn；

4) wiring of defectoscope lathe bed increase electrical equipment:

5) electric control system is installed, and installs and electrically joins dish, electrical control panel:

A. complete electrically to join dish according to electrical schematic diagram, electrical equipment mounting disc layout drawing.

Electrical control panel electrical equipment is installed fixing；The connection between electrical equipment is completed, with electricity according to schematic diagram The output wiring terminal connecting through distribution board of gas distribution board element is attached；

6) exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer is installed: make the induction coil of exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer through handing over Stream longitudinal magnetization current transformer secondary exports the copper bar of wherein one end, and makes copper bar be positioned at hub of a spool position, adjusts position Postpone, current transformer is fixed on lathe bed；

7) debugging: the performance put with first wife of checking exchange longitudinal magnetization function；

A., before debugging, check the wiring of circuit, the insulation of electrical equipment, ground protection and fuse the most comprehensively；

B. control handle is placed in initial position or zero-bit；

C. power transmission, checks that voltage is normal；

D. input programmable logic controller PLC program；

E. verifying the mode of magnetization, exchange axially energising circumferential magnetization adds answering of the overall closed circuit longitudinal magnetization of indirect current harness Close magnetization；

After energising, two exchange longitudinal magnetization coils can produce the magnetic field along workpiece longitudinal direction, workpiece is realized exchange and closes Closing magnetic circuit longitudinal magnetization, this magnetic field is by left magnetization chuck, workpiece, right magnetization chuck, right iron-core coil, magnetic conduction guide rail, left line Circle iron core, left Magnetization clip capitiform become closed magnetic circuit；Under the Kelvin effect effect of alternating current, longitudinal magnetization field homogeneity is made to be distributed The surface of the work complicated in structure, changes of section is many, length is longer, flux loss is little, and magnetic efficiency is good, detection sensitivity is high； And it is little to have the magnetization degree of depth, and workpiece remanent magnetism is little, and demagnetization is simple.

Owing to have employed technique scheme, there is advantages that

1, the defectoscope that the method for the present invention is transformed or manufactured, it is possible to according to the spy detecting part on same defectoscope The type unrestricted choice of defect of seeking peace realizes the multiple mode of magnetization flexibly, including:

(1) " exchange the circumferential magnetization that is axially energized " and add " the overall closed circuit magnetization of direct circuit harness " resultant magnetization；

(2) " exchange the circumferential magnetization that is axially energized " and add " the overall closed circuit magnetization of indirect current harness " resultant magnetization；

(3) circumferential magnetization that is axially energized is exchanged；

(4) the overall closed circuit longitudinal magnetization of direct circuit harness；

(5) the overall closed circuit longitudinal magnetization of indirect current harness；

2, the present invention uses the closed circuit yoke magnetization of exchange, and 2 exchange longitudinal magnetization coils of increase are directly mounted at magnetization On chuck mandrel, the principle of magnetic field distribution rule produced according to hot-wire coil, magnetic field intensity along with away from magnetizing coil The distance at center increases and reduces, owing to exchange longitudinal magnetization coil is more nearly workpiece than former direct current longitudinal magnetization coil, It is thus possible to increase the effective magnetizing region of magnetizing coil, it is effectively improved the length magnetic efficiency compared with elongated workpieces；

3, the exchange closed circuit yoke magnetization function that the present invention increases, according to the Kelvin effect principle of alternating current, than former directly Flowing closed circuit yoke magnetization, its magnetization degree of depth is little, and workpiece remanent magnetism reduces, it is possible to be greatly reduced the demagnetization difficulty of workpiece, ordinary circumstance Under, in the machine, demagnetization can make remanent magnetism drop in the range of technological requirement, moves back without being maneuvered on special demagnetizer Magnetic, as such, it is possible to be substantially reduced workman's labor intensity when detecting heavy parts；

4, the present invention uses the closed circuit yoke magnetization of exchange, after making the exchange longitudinal magnetization coil electricity of increase, produces along work The magnetic field that part is longitudinal, realizes exchange longitudinal magnetization to workpiece, and this magnetic field is by left magnetization chuck, workpiece, right magnetization chuck, right line Circle iron core, magnetic conduction guide rail, left coil iron core, left Magnetization clip capitiform become closed magnetic circuit, simultaneously as the Kelvin effect of alternating current, Longitudinal magnetic field can be made effectively to be distributed in surface of the work, adapt to the complicated change of surface of the work, so for piece surface structure Complexity, the part that changes of section is more, than the closed circuit yoke magnetization of former direct current, its detection sensitivity can be greatly improved；

5, present invention employs the closed circuit yoke magnetization of exchange, after making the exchange longitudinal magnetization coil electricity of increase, produce edge The magnetic field that workpiece is longitudinal, realizes exchange closed magnetic circuit longitudinal magnetization, the exchange closed circuit yoke magnetization merit that the present invention increases to workpiece Can, it is magnetized with flux loss than the most commonly used exchange open circuit little, the advantage that magnetic efficiency is good, it is possible to be effectively improved inspection Survey sensitivity；

6, the present invention is to add the closed circuit yoke magnetization function of exchange on the basis of alternating current-direct current magnaflux, so protecting Stay all advantages of former defectoscope, be still applicable to the flaw detection of middle-size and small-size casting class part, and newly-increased exchange longitudinal flux Change coil and be respectively placed in magnetization chuck two ends, still have and be easy to the quick-clamping of workpiece and unload, easy to operate, detection efficiency High advantage；

7, improved method of the present invention is simple, low cost of manufacture, can meet and increase detection zero at limited fund but needs In the case of part kind and detection position, existing equipment is transformed, is not required to purchase other equipment again, throwing can be saved Money, suitably promotes.

[accompanying drawing explanation]

Fig. 1 adds direct circuit harness Overall magnetization schematic diagram for exchange axially energising circumferential magnetization device；

Fig. 2 adds AC or DC coil magnetizing schematic diagram for exchange axially energising circumferential magnetization device；

Fig. 3 is axially energized during circumferential magnetization device adds for exchange and puts removable AC or DC coil magnetizing schematic diagram；

Fig. 4 is that the method for the invention realizes improved defectoscope magnetizing function overall structure schematic diagram；

Fig. 5 is the exchange longitudinal magnetization illustrative view of functional configuration that the method for the invention increases；

In the drawings: 1, workpiece；2a, left magnetization chuck；2b, right magnetization chuck；2c, right Magnetization clip head clamping precision positioning control Mechanism；2d, right magnetization chuck base mechanically moving drive mechanism；3a, left coil iron core；3b, right iron-core coil；4a, direct current are vertical To magnetization left coil；4b, the right coil of direct current longitudinal magnetization；5, magnetic conduction guide rail；6, DC source；7, exchange circumferential magnetization transformation Device；8a, friendship (directly) stream longitudinally open circuit magnetization left coil；8b, friendship (directly) stream longitudinally open circuit magnetize right coil；9a, left magnetization chuck Base；9b, right magnetization chuck base；10, longitudinally open circuit magnetization is used and is handed over (directly) stream power supply；11, put movable coil in longitudinally to open Road magnetization is with handing over (directly) stream power supply；12, removable longitudinal magnetization coil is put in；13, exchange longitudinal magnetization transformator；14a, exchange Longitudinal magnetization left coil；14b, the exchange right coil of longitudinal magnetization；

Fig. 6 is the electric control circuit logic diagram of the present invention, for the reality of closed circuit magnetizing function of increasing exchanges in dotted line frame Existing circuit part.

[detailed description of the invention]

The present invention can be explained in more detail by the following examples, the invention is not limited in the following examples, The open purpose of the present invention is intended to all changes and improvements in the protection scope of the invention.

A kind of defectoscope possessing alternating current-direct current longitudinally closed circuit magnetizing function, including: the magnetization chuck of the length of axial stretching Guide rail 5 that the mild steel that 2a with 2b, remanent magnetism are low is made, exchange circumferential magnetization transformator 7, direct current longitudinal magnetization coil 4a and 4b and Magnetization iron core 3a and 3b, transmission and Workpiece clamping mechanical mechanism, control electricity cabinet, described transmission and Workpiece clamping mechanical mechanism, bag Include: have and make workpiece 1 coarse positioning and the right magnetization chuck base mechanically moving drive mechanism 2d of pre-clamping, have and make workpiece 1 Fine positioning and the right Magnetization clip head clamping precision positioning control mechanism 2c of final clamping；Also include: two exchange longitudinal magnetization coil, The longitudinal transformator of exchange, exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer, described two exchange longitudinal magnetization coil 14a and 14b overlap respectively Put on the axle journal magnetizing chuck 2a and 2b mandrel front and back, and be separately fixed on the mandrel of magnetization chuck 2a and 2b front and back； The induction coil of described exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer is enclosed within exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer secondary output wherein one On the copper bar of end, and copper bar is positioned at the induction coil center of exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer, and is fixed on lathe bed； Described exchange longitudinal magnetization transformator 13 outfan is connected by insulated cable and two exchange longitudinal magnetization coils connected in series；Exchange Longitudinal magnetization transformator 13 input is connected with the outfan exchanging longitudinal magnetization control system controlled in electricity cabinet；Exchange is longitudinally Magnetizing current transformer outfan is connected with the feedback end exchanging longitudinal magnetization control system controlled in electricity cabinet by cable；

Wherein, the mandrel axially extended a length of 70～80mm of described magnetization chuck 2a and 2b, magnetization chuck 2a's and 2b Axle diameter is 100～180mm；And it is provided with buffer insulation between the mandrel of exchange longitudinal magnetization coil endoporus and magnetization chuck Pad.

Buffer insulation pad between the mandrel of described exchange longitudinal magnetization coil endoporus and magnetization chuck is rubber pad, rubber Rubber gross thickness is 10mm.

Described exchange longitudinal magnetization coil 14a and 14b, prevents the red copper material copper coin that coil is overheated when using energising, Copper coin sectional area is 50mm × 5mm, 60mm × 6mm or 60mm × 8mm；The coiling number of turn of every exchange longitudinal magnetization coil: be 2 ～5 circles；Longitudinal magnetization coil total number of turns is set to 4～10 circles, maximum operating currenbt 3000～5000A, magnetic potential be 10000～ 30000AT；And exchange longitudinal magnetization coil is by the insulation crust of insulant sealing molding；The insulation of exchange longitudinal magnetization coil The diameter of bore of shell is 110～190mm, and exchange longitudinal magnetization coil insulation shell axial width dimension is 60～70mm.

Described exchange longitudinal magnetization control system, including: exchange longitudinal magnetization main circuit, control current circuit, protection electricity Road, feedback indicating circuit, described exchange longitudinal magnetization controls current circuit and uses control of silicion controlled voltage regulator circuit, silicon-controlled voltage regulation The exchange longitudinal magnetization main circuit that control circuit controls is connected with exchanging longitudinal transformator, and the longitudinal transformator outfan of exchange passes through Exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer is connected with the ammeter of feedback indicating circuit.

Described control electricity is cashier's office in a shop provided with electrical control panel, including: exchange circumferential magnetization ammeter, direct current longitudinal magnetization Ammeter, exchange longitudinal magnetization ammeter, magnetization control knob, demagnetization control knob, SR, emergency stop push button, magnetic Change mode selects switch, the method for inspection to select switch, alternating current-direct current to select switch, exchange circumferential magnetization current adjusting knob, direct current Longitudinal magnetization current adjusting knob, exchange longitudinal magnetization current adjusting knob, power supply indicator.

A kind of possess the collocation method exchanging closed circuit magnetizing function, and step is as follows:

1), an alternating current-direct current magnaflux is selected, including: having can the magnetization chuck of axial stretching, low-carbon (LC) steel The low guide rail of the good remanent magnetism of magnetic conduction, exchange circumferential magnetization transformator, direct current longitudinal magnetization coil and magnetization iron core, transmission and the work become Part clamping mechanical mechanism；

2), the exchange longitudinal magnetization transformator used is:

A. primary voltage is 220V or 380V

The most secondary level floating voltage is 11V～19V；

C. capacity: determine friendship according to the specification capacity of former alternating current-direct current magnaflux, detection range, actually used demand The capacity of stream longitudinal magnetization transformator；Circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 1000～3000A, the appearance of exchange longitudinal magnetization transformator Amount is defined as 15～50kVA, and circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 4000～6000A, and the capacity of exchange longitudinal magnetization transformator is true Being set to 40～80kVA, circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 6000～10000A, and the capacity of exchange longitudinal magnetization transformator is defined as 70～110kVA；

D. install: exchange longitudinal magnetization transformator is mounted on inside equipment lathe bed structure, and make output copper bar court On rear side of equipment；

3), the exchange longitudinal magnetization coil used is:

A. the quantity of exchange longitudinal magnetization coil is 2；

B. the material of coil copper coin and specification: the material selection red copper of copper coin, copper used by exchange longitudinal magnetization coil winding Plate sectional area is 50mm × 5mm, 60mm × 6mm or 60mm × 8mm；

C. determine the coiling number of turn of every coil according to the maximum output load current of exchange longitudinal magnetization transformator, be 2 ～5 circles；

D. with insulant sealing molding, the insulation crust internal diameter size of coil after exchange longitudinal magnetization coil winding is good Being 110～190mm, coil insulation shell axial width dimension is 60～70mm；

E. install；Pull down magnetizing chuck before and after defectoscope, by two exchange longitudinal magnetization coils according to correct outlet Direction？It is respectively fitted on the axle journal of magnetization chuck mandrel front and back；Magnetization chuck is reinstalled defectoscope, and will by the way of suitable Two exchange longitudinal magnetization coils are separately fixed on the mandrel front and back magnetizing chuck safely and reliably；

4), the electric control circuit of employing realization exchange longitudinally closed circuit magnetizing function:

A. power supply load capacity needed for there is exchange longitudinally closed circuit magnetization control circuit: circumferential magnetization electric current be 1000～ The equipment of 3000A, needed for exchanging longitudinal closed circuit magnetization control circuit, power supply load capacity is defined as 15～50kVA, circumferential magnetization Electric current is the equipment of 4000～6000A, and needed for exchange longitudinally closed circuit magnetization control circuit, power supply load is defined as 40～80kVA, Circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 6000～10000A, and needed for exchange longitudinally closed circuit magnetization control circuit, power supply load is defined as 70 ～110kVA；

B. there is magnetizing current regulation circuit: exchange longitudinal magnetization current regulating circuit uses control of silicion controlled voltage regulator skill Art；Exchange longitudinal magnetization electric current indicator current table carries out current sample by exchange longitudinal current transformer；

C. the setting of protection circuit: including: system overvoltage crosses stream and short-circuit fault protection circuit；Control the short circuit guarantor in loop Protection circuit；Exchange longitudinal magnetization and the function selecting inter-lock circuit of direct current longitudinal magnetization；Controllable silicon current foldback circuit；Can Control silicon overvoltage crowbar；

D. electrical control panel, electric mounting disc and the design of installation cabinet and making: meet the demand for control of what's new；

E. electric control theory figure and electric mounting disc layout drawing are drawn；

4) wiring of defectoscope lathe bed increase electrical equipment:

5) electric control system is installed, and installs and electrically joins dish, electrical control panel:

A. complete electrically to join dish according to electrical schematic diagram, electrical equipment mounting disc layout drawing.

Electrical control panel electrical equipment is installed fixing；The connection between electrical equipment is completed, with electricity according to schematic diagram The output wiring terminal connecting through distribution board of gas distribution board element is attached；

6) exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer is installed: make the induction coil of exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer through handing over Stream longitudinal magnetization current transformer secondary exports the copper bar of wherein one end, and makes copper bar be positioned at hub of a spool position, adjusts position Postpone, current transformer is fixed on lathe bed；

7) debugging: the performance put with first wife of checking exchange longitudinal magnetization function；

A., before debugging, check the wiring of circuit, the insulation of electrical equipment, ground protection and fuse the most comprehensively；

B. control handle is placed in initial position or zero-bit；

C. power transmission, checks that voltage is normal；

D. input programmable logic controller PLC program；

E. the mode of magnetization is verified, including:

I. exchange axially energising circumferential magnetization adds the overall closed circuit magnetized resultant magnetization of direct circuit harness；

II. exchange axially energising circumferential magnetization adds the resultant magnetization of the overall closed circuit longitudinal magnetization of indirect current harness；

III. exchange the circumferential magnetization that is axially energized；

IV. the overall closed circuit longitudinal magnetization of direct circuit harness；

V. the overall closed circuit longitudinal magnetization of indirect current harness；

After energising, exchange longitudinal magnetization coil can produce the magnetic field along workpiece longitudinal direction, and workpiece realizes exchange closed magnetic Road longitudinal magnetization, this magnetic field is by left magnetization chuck, workpiece, right magnetization chuck, right iron-core coil, magnetic conduction guide rail, left coil ferrum Core, left Magnetization clip capitiform become closed magnetic circuit；There is the magnetic efficiency improving length compared with elongated workpieces, increase effective magnetic of magnetizing coil Change region；And under the Kelvin effect effect of alternating current, it is possible to structure is complicated, changes of section is many to make longitudinal magnetic field be distributed in Surface of the work, its flux loss is little, and magnetic efficiency is good, detection sensitivity is high；And it is little to have the magnetization degree of depth, and workpiece remanent magnetism is little, Demagnetization is simple.

Below in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 4 and Fig. 6, illustrate enforcement step as follows:

1) a selected alternating current-direct current magnaflux, model is CEW-4000 type, and this defectoscope is that the eighties in last century is former The product that Shanghai machinery factory manufactures, its magnetizing function forms structure and sees Fig. 1, and this defectoscope should have following basic bar Part:

1-1) have and can have magnetization chuck 2a and 2b of certain length by axial stretching；

1-2) there is the guide rail 5 that the mild steel that magnetic conduction is effective and remanent magnetism is low is made；

1-3) there is exchange circumferential magnetization transformator 7；

1-4) there is direct current longitudinal magnetization coil 4a and 4b and magnetization iron core 3a and 3b；

Transmission and Workpiece clamping mechanical mechanism: the 2d 1-5) with necessity are right magnetization chuck base mechanically moving driver Structure, uses wheel and rack engaged transmission, makes right magnetization chuck base move left and right by operated by handwheel, it is achieved workpiece 1 thick Location and pre-clamping, 2c is right Magnetization clip head clamping precision positioning control mechanism, uses feed screw nut to coordinate transmission, is grasped by handwheel Right magnetization chuck is made to stretch out or retract, it is achieved the fine positioning of workpiece 1 and final clamping；

2), design, make exchange longitudinal magnetization transformator:

As shown in Figure 4, according to specification capacity, detection range and the demand of use of former alternating current-direct current magnaflux, increase Design, the exchange longitudinal magnetization transformator 13 of making appropriate size:

2-1) determine primary voltage: primary voltage is 380V；

2-2) determine secondary voltage: secondary floating voltage is 19V；

2-3) determine exchange longitudinal magnetization transformer capacity: according to specification capacity, the detection of former alternating current-direct current magnaflux Scope, actually used demand, be defined as 3000A by exchange longitudinal magnetization transformator output maximum current, and capacity is defined as 57KVA；

2-4) make: carry out exchanging the making of longitudinal magnetization transformator according to parameter request；

3) design, make exchange longitudinal magnetization coil:

As shown in Figure 4, according to specification capacity, detection range and the demand of use of former alternating current-direct current magnaflux, and The transformation ratio of the exchange longitudinal magnetization transformator 13 of design alternative and load capacity, increase design, make exchange longitudinal magnetization line Circle 14a and 14b；

3-1) determine number of coils: the design quantity of exchange longitudinal magnetization coil is 2, respectively in order to be arranged on magnetization On the iron core of chuck 2a and 2b；

3-2) determine material and the specification of coil copper coin: exchange the material selection of copper coin used by longitudinal magnetization coil winding Red copper, copper coin sectional area is 50mm × 5mm, overheated when can prevent coil electricity；

3-3) determine coil turn: according to the maximum output load current of fixed exchange longitudinal magnetization transformator 3000A, determines that the coiling number of turn of every coil is 3 circles, and so, longitudinal magnetization coil total number of turns is 6 circles, coil maximum functional electricity Flowing by the exchange 3000A that provided of longitudinal magnetization transformator, the maximum magnetic potential making the exchange longitudinal magnetization coil finally obtained is 18000AT；

3-4) determine coil installation dimension: exchange longitudinal magnetization coil 14a and 14b uses insulant sealing after making Molding, in determining the insulation crust of coil according to the axle diameter size of former alternating current-direct current magnaflux magnetization chuck 2a Yu 2b Footpath size, axle diameter a size of 140mm, after molding, the hole size of the insulation crust of coil is defined as 150mm, vertical to ensure The mandrel of magnetization chuck 2a with 2b can be made to pass through to its insulation crust internal diameter size of magnetizing coil 14a and 14b, and be line Between circle endoporus and mandrel, cushioning buffer insulation pad reserves the gap of about 10mm；Mandrel according to magnetization chuck 2a with 2b is axial Extension elongation determines coil insulation shell axial width dimension, and the mandrel of magnetization chuck axially maximum extension elongation is 70mm, For making mounting structure compact, after coil molding, axial width dimension is defined as 60mm；

3-5) coil makes: carry out exchanging the making of longitudinal magnetization coil according to parameter request；

4) electric control circuit of design realization exchange longitudinally closed circuit magnetizing function:

4-1) determine that power supply load capacity is 57KVA needed for exchange longitudinally closed circuit magnetization control circuit.Due to former defectoscope Control power supply load total capacity 32KVA, newly-increased power supply load capacity 57KVA, such station load is about 90KVA；

4-2) determine that magnetizing current regulates and realize circuit:

Exchange longitudinal magnetization current regulating circuit uses control of silicion controlled voltage regulator technology, as shown in Figure 6, is installed on electric-controlled The exchange longitudinal current indicator current table of panel processed carries out current sample by the longitudinal transformer of exchange, and by electrical control face Control handle and the switch of plate realize；

4-3) determine the setting of protection circuit:

The setting of a, electrical system main power control switch:

Selecting the air-break mated with electrical system total capacity to control switch as main power, the present embodiment selects dynamic Be the automatic air circuit breaker of 250A as electric current, it is ensured that system generation overvoltage, cross stream and during short trouble can action message, Cut off the electricity supply, it is ensured that equipment and the safety of operator；

B, the short-circuit protection in control loop:

The fuse of appropriate action electric current is installed additional in control loop；

C, exchange longitudinal magnetization and the function selecting inter-lock circuit of direct current longitudinal magnetization；

Use two interlock protections selecting switch to realize exchange longitudinal magnetization and direct current longitudinal magnetization function selecting, it is ensured that Exchange longitudinal magnetization can not be chosen with direct current longitudinal magnetization simultaneously；

D, controllable silicon current foldback circuit:

Quick fuse is used to insure as controllable silicon overcurrent protection；

E, controllable silicon overvoltage crowbar:

Resistor-Capacitor Unit is used to carry out in parallel as controllable silicon overvoltage protection with controllable silicon；

4-4) electrical control panel, electric mounting disc and the design of installation cabinet and making: design and the electrical control face of making Plate, meets the demand for control of what's new；

Described electric control system: have the control system of PLC programmable controller, exchange longitudinal magnetization controls electric current Regulation circuit, exchange circumferential magnetization current regulating circuit, direct current longitudinal magnetization current regulating circuit, magnetic flaw detection ink stirring and spray control Circuit processed；And the protection circuit of electric control system；

Exchange longitudinal magnetization current regulating circuit, exchange circumferential magnetization current regulating circuit, direct current longitudinal magnetization electric current are adjusted Economize on electricity road all uses control of silicion controlled voltage regulator circuit；The wherein protection circuit of control system, including:

A, electrical system main power control the setting of switch: select the air-break mated with electrical system total capacity to make For main power control switch, it is achieved system overvoltage, cross stream and short trouble protection；

B, each short-circuit protection controlling loop: install the fuse of appropriate action electric current in each control loop additional；

C, exchange longitudinal magnetization and the function selecting inter-lock circuit of direct current longitudinal magnetization: use two to select switch real Now exchange longitudinal magnetization and the interlock protection of direct current longitudinal magnetization function selecting；

D, controllable silicon current foldback circuit: use quick fuse to insure as controllable silicon overcurrent protection；

E, controllable silicon overvoltage crowbar: use Resistor-Capacitor Unit to carry out in parallel as controllable silicon overvoltage protection with controllable silicon.

5) electric control system is installed

5-1) electrically join dish:

Complete electrically to join dish according to electrical schematic diagram, electrical equipment mounting disc layout drawing.

5-2) electrical control panel is installed:

Electrical control panel electrical equipment is pressed design attitude and installs fixing；Lead according to the insulation of schematic diagram design specification Line completes the connection between electrical equipment, carries out even with the output wiring terminal connecting through distribution board of electrical power distribution disc elements Connect；

6) the longitudinal transformator of installation exchange:

Exchange longitudinal magnetization transformator is installed on defectoscope lathe bed correct position, make output copper bar towards on rear side of equipment just In outgoing cable so that cable arrangements is in the region not affecting equipment operation；

7) installation exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer:

Make the induction coil of exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer through exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer secondary output The wherein copper bar of one end, and make copper bar be positioned at hub of a spool position, make adjusting pole with angle steel after determining position, by electric current Transformer is fixed on lathe bed by support；

8) installation exchange longitudinal magnetization coil:

8-1) pull down magnetizing chuck before and after defectoscope；

8-2) two exchange longitudinal magnetization coils are respectively fitted over magnetization chuck mandrel front and back according to correct outlet direction On axle journal；

8-3) magnetization chuck being reinstalled defectoscope, between magnetizing coil endoporus and mandrel, cushioning rubber peel is as insulation Cushion pad.By this mode two exchange longitudinal magnetization coils are separately fixed at safely and reliably and front and back magnetize the mandrel of chuck On, prevent between them, producing axial and circumferential relative motion；

9) defectoscope lathe bed part wiring:

10) electricity cabinet main power and the installation of earthed system are controlled:

11) debugging:

The situation that realizes of checking exchange longitudinal magnetization function and effect, by transformation, except retaining all of former defectoscope Beyond function, it is achieved that the purpose of closed circuit yoke magnetization function of increasing exchanges, see Fig. 5, exchange longitudinal magnetization coil 14a and 14b After energising, producing the magnetic field along workpiece 1 longitudinal direction, workpiece 1 realizes exchange longitudinally closed circuit yoke magnetization, this magnetic field is by left magnetization Chuck 2a, workpiece 1, right magnetization chuck 2b, right iron-core coil 3b, magnetic conduction guide rail 5, left coil iron core 3a, left magnetization chuck 2a shape Become closed magnetic circuit.

Hereinafter this beneficial effect of the invention is further illustrated by 2 correctional effects checking examples again:

Correctional effect checking example 1:

Certain live axle, its total length is 925mm, and diameter maximum is φ 100mm.

Use the flaw detection of alternating current-direct current magnaflux before transformation, there are 2 outstanding problems:

(1) longer due to part length, in the middle part of part, magnetic efficiency is poor, A₁-30/100 normal sensibility test piece shows Fuzzy.

(2) owing to using direct current longitudinal magnetization, the magnetization degree of depth is relatively deep, and workpiece size is relatively big in addition, causes workpiece remanent magnetism relatively Greatly, demagnetization difficulty, need to be demagnetized by special demagnetizer.

Use improved defectoscope that this part is detected a flaw, efficiently solve above-mentioned 2 problems:

(1) because increase design 2 exchange longitudinal magnetization coils be directly mounted at magnetization chuck mandrel on, than former directly Stream longitudinal magnetization coil is more nearly workpiece, by increasing capacitance it is possible to increase the effective magnetizing region of magnetizing coil, is effectively improved length longer by zero The magnetic efficiency of part；Plus due to the Kelvin effect of alternating current, longitudinal magnetic field can be made effectively to be distributed in surface of the work, to its tooth Defect in bar and spline structure has higher Sensitivity.A is pasted in the middle part of part₁-30/100 normal sensibility examination Sheet, uses circumference 1200A, after the magnetizing current of longitudinal 2600A magnetizes, and artificial slot magnetic particle indications complete display.Through criticizing Amount detection checking, it was demonstrated that improved defectoscope can effectively detect the surface defect being distributed in this kind of each position of part, right The piece test ability longer in length is significantly increased.

(2) simultaneously, exactly because the longitudinal magnetization coil increased uses alternating current, due to the Kelvin effect of alternating current, magnetic Changing the degree of depth little, workpiece remanent magnetism reduces, and substantially reduces the demagnetization difficulty of workpiece, and in the machine, demagnetization can make remanent magnetism drop to work Skill greatly reduces detection labor intensity in the range of requiring.

Correctional effect checking example 2:

Certain connecting rod, its a length of 310mm, big end hole diameter phi 76mm, microcephaly's bore dia is φ 40mm, maximum cross-section director Footpath is 120mm, and at smallest cross-sectional, major diameter is 30mm, and big end hole uses Split type structure, fastens with bolt.

Using the flaw detection of alternating current-direct current magnaflux before transformation, there are the following problems: owing to piece surface structure is complicated, major part Hole uses Split type structure, and changes of section is more, and sectional dimension changes greatly, and between end and magnetic conduction chuck, contact area is little, makes Becoming the magnetic conduction weak effect of longitudinal magnetization, flux loss is serious, and the detection sensitivity in the middle part of part is the lowest, by the spirit of c-type 8/50 standard Sensitivity test piece is affixed on middle part, part bar portion, magnetizes by the normal magnetization specification of Theoretical Calculation, horizontal artificial cutting Display is fuzzy.Strengthen longitudinal magnetization electric current for making horizontal artificial cutting show clear, then cause workpiece remanent magnetism to become big, demagnetization Difficulty, and circumferential magnetization magnetic field can be produced interference effect, the artificial cutting magnetization display effect that impact is longitudinal.

Use improved defectoscope that this part is detected a flaw, efficiently solve the problems referred to above:

The exchange closed circuit yoke magnetization function of the present invention, in the Kelvin effect of alternating current, can make longitudinal magnetic field effectively divide Be distributed in surface of the work, adapt to the complicated change of surface of the work, so complicated for piece surface structure, changes of section more zero Part, its detection sensitivity is greatly improved, and uses circumference 600A, after the magnetizing current of longitudinal 1500A magnetizes, is affixed on bar portion C-type 8/50 normal sensibility test piece, the most horizontal or longitudinal artificial slot magnetic trace all shows complete display.And after magnetizing Workpiece remanent magnetism is less, and demagnetization is easily.

The transformation embodiment selected in this article for the open purpose of the present invention, it is suitable to be presently considered to be, but It is to be understood that it is contemplated that include that all belong to all changes of this design and the embodiment in the scope of the invention and change Enter.Part not in the detailed description of the invention is prior art.

Claims (7)

1. possess the configuration equipment exchanging closed circuit magnetizing function, including: the first magnetization chuck of the length of axial stretching (2a) He the second magnetization chuck (2b), the guide rail (5) that the mild steel that remanent magnetism is low is made, exchange circumferential magnetization transformator (7), first Direct current longitudinal magnetization coil (4a) and the second direct current longitudinal magnetization coil (4b) and the first magnetization iron core (3a) and second magnetize ferrum Core (3b), transmission and Workpiece clamping mechanical mechanism and control electricity cabinet；Described transmission and Workpiece clamping mechanical mechanism, including: have Make workpiece (1) coarse positioning and right magnetization chuck base mechanically moving drive mechanism (2d) of pre-clamping, there is the essence making workpiece (1) Location and right Magnetization clip head clamping precision positioning control mechanism (2c) of final clamping；It is characterized in that: also include: the first exchange is vertical Longitudinal magnetization coil (14b), exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer, exchange longitudinally electricity is exchanged with second to magnetizing coil (14a) Current transformer, described first exchange longitudinal magnetization coil (14a) exchanges longitudinal magnetization coil (14b) and is nested with respectively the with second One magnetization chuck (2a) and second magnetizes chuck (2b) mandrel axle journal on, and be separately fixed at the first magnetization chuck (2a) and On the mandrel of the second magnetization chuck (2b)；The induction coil of described exchange longitudinal current transformer is enclosed within exchange longitudinal magnetization electricity Convertor transformer secondary exports on the copper bar of wherein one end, and copper bar is positioned at the induction coil centre bit of exchange longitudinal current transformer Put, and be fixed on lathe bed；Described exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer (13) outfan is exchanged with described by insulated cable Longitudinal magnetization coils connected in series connects；Exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer (13) input with control to exchange longitudinal flux in electric cabinet The outfan of networked control systems is connected；Exchange longitudinal current transformer outfan is by cable and exchanging longitudinally in control electricity cabinet The feedback end of magnetization control system is connected；

Wherein, described first magnetization chuck (2a) is axially extended with the mandrel of the second magnetization chuck (2b) exchanges longitudinal magnetization coil A length of 70～80 mm, first magnetization chuck (2a) and second magnetize chuck (2b) axle diameter be 100～180mm；And It is provided with buffer insulation pad between the mandrel of exchange longitudinal magnetization coil endoporus and magnetization chuck.

The most according to claim 1 a kind of possess the configuration equipment exchanging closed circuit magnetizing function, it is characterised in that: described Buffer insulation pad between the mandrel of exchange longitudinal magnetization coil endoporus and magnetization chuck is rubber pad.

The most according to claim 1 a kind of possess the configuration equipment exchanging closed circuit magnetizing function, it is characterised in that: described First exchange longitudinal magnetization coil (14a) exchanges longitudinal magnetization coil (14b) with second, prevents coil overheated when using energising Red copper material copper coin, copper coin sectional area is more than 50mm × 5mm；The coiling number of turn of every exchange longitudinal magnetization coil is 2～5 circles； Exchange longitudinal magnetization coil total number of turns be set to 4～10 circles, maximum operating currenbt 3000～5000A, magnetic potential be 10000～ 30000AT；And exchange longitudinal magnetization coil has the insulation crust of insulant sealing molding；The insulation of exchange longitudinal magnetization coil The diameter of bore of shell is 110～190mm, and exchange longitudinal magnetization coil insulation shell axial width dimension is 60～70mm.

The most according to claim 1 a kind of possess the configuration equipment exchanging closed circuit magnetizing function, it is characterised in that: described friendship Stream longitudinal magnetization control system, including: exchange longitudinal magnetization main circuit, control current circuit, protection circuit, feedback instruction electricity Road, exchange longitudinal magnetization controls current circuit and uses control of silicion controlled voltage regulator circuit, the friendship that control of silicion controlled voltage regulator circuit controls Stream longitudinal magnetization main circuit is connected with exchanging longitudinal magnetization current transformer, and exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer outfan passes through Exchange longitudinal current transformer is connected with the ammeter of feedback indicating circuit.

The most according to claim 1 a kind of possess the configuration equipment exchanging closed circuit magnetizing function, it is characterised in that: described control The electrical control panel that system electricity is cashier's office in a shop arranged, by exchange circumferential magnetization ammeter, direct current longitudinal magnetization ammeter, exchange longitudinal flux Galvanic current table, magnetization control knob, demagnetization control knob, SR, emergency stop push button, the mode of magnetization select switch, inspection Test method choice switch, alternating current-direct current selects switch, exchange circumferential magnetization current adjusting knob, direct current longitudinal magnetization electric current regulate rotation Button, exchange longitudinal magnetization current adjusting knob, power supply indicator composition.

6. one kind possesses the collocation method exchanging closed circuit magnetizing function, it is characterised in that: step is as follows:

1), a selected alternating current-direct current magnaflux, including: have and can the magnetization chuck of axial stretching, mild steel make Guide rail, exchange circumferential magnetization transformator, direct current longitudinal magnetization coil and magnetization iron core, transmission and the workpiece clamp that the good remanent magnetism of magnetic conduction is low Tight mechanical mechanism；

2), the exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer used is:

A. primary voltage is 220V or 380V；

The most secondary level floating voltage is 11V～19V；

C. capacity: determine that exchange is vertical according to the specification capacity of former alternating current-direct current magnaflux, detection range, actually used demand Capacity to magnetizing current transformator；Circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 1000～3000A, exchanges longitudinal magnetization current transformer Capacity be defined as 15～50kVA, circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 4000～6000A, exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer Capacity be defined as 40～80kVA, circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 6000～10000A, exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer Capacity be defined as 70～110kVA；

D. install: exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer is mounted on inside equipment lathe bed structure, and make output copper bar court On rear side of equipment；

3), the exchange longitudinal magnetization coil used is:

A. the quantity of exchange longitudinal magnetization coil is 2；

B. the material of coil copper coin and specification: the material selection red copper of copper coin used by exchange longitudinal magnetization coil winding, copper coin cuts Area is 50mm × 5mm, 60mm × 6mm or 60mm × 8mm；

C. determine the coiling number of turn of every coil according to the maximum output load current of exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer, be 2 ～5 circles；

D. with insulant sealing molding after exchange longitudinal magnetization coil winding is good, the insulation crust internal diameter size of coil is 110 ～190mm, coil insulation shell axial width dimension is 60～70mm；

E. install；The left magnetization chuck of defectoscope, right magnetization chuck are pulled down, two exchange longitudinal magnetization coils are respectively fitted over Left magnetization chuck, right magnetization chuck mandrel axle journal on；Left magnetization chuck, right magnetization chuck are reinstalled defectoscope, and by adding Pad rubber peel eliminates the gap between the mandrel of exchange longitudinal magnetization coil endoporus and magnetization chuck as buffer insulation pad, by two Individual exchange longitudinal magnetization coil is separately fixed on the mandrel of left magnetization chuck, right magnetization chuck safely and reliably；

4), the electric control circuit of employing realization exchange longitudinally closed circuit magnetizing function:

A. have and exchange longitudinally closed circuit magnetization control circuit, power supply load capacity needed for exchange longitudinally closed circuit magnetization control circuit: Circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 1000～3000A, and needed for exchange longitudinally closed circuit magnetization control circuit, power supply load capacity determines Being 15～50kVA, circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 4000～6000A, power supply needed for exchange longitudinally closed circuit magnetization control circuit Load is defined as 40～80kVA, and circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 6000～10000A, exchange longitudinally closed circuit magnetization control circuit Required power supply load is defined as 70～110kVA；

B. there is exchange longitudinal magnetization current regulating circuit: exchange longitudinal magnetization current regulating circuit uses thyristor regulating voltage-controlled Technology processed；Exchange longitudinal magnetization electric current indicator current table carries out current sample by exchange longitudinal current transformer；

C. the setting of protection circuit: including: system overvoltage crosses stream and short-circuit fault protection circuit；Control the short-circuit protection electricity in loop Road；Exchange longitudinal magnetization and the function selecting inter-lock circuit of direct current longitudinal magnetization；Controllable silicon current foldback circuit；Controllable silicon Overvoltage crowbar；

D. electrical control panel, electric mounting disc and the design of installation cabinet and making: meet the demand for control of what's new；

E. electric control theory figure and electric mounting disc layout drawing are drawn；

5) defectoscope lathe bed increases the wiring of electrical equipment；

6) electric control system is installed, and installs and electrically joins dish, electrical control panel:

A. complete electrically to join dish according to electrical schematic diagram, electrical equipment mounting disc layout drawing.

The most according to claim 6 a kind of possess the collocation method exchanging closed circuit magnetizing function, it is characterised in that: will be electrically Control panel electrical equipment is installed fixing；The connection between electrical equipment is completed, with electrical power distribution disc elements according to schematic diagram The output wiring terminal connecting through distribution board is attached；

1) exchange longitudinal current transformer is installed: make the induction coil of exchange longitudinal current transformer through exchange longitudinal magnetization electricity Convertor transformer secondary exports the copper bar of wherein one end, and makes copper bar be positioned at hub of a spool position, after adjusting position, exchange is indulged It is fixed on lathe bed to current transformer；

2) debugging: the performance that checking exchange longitudinal magnetization function is put with first wife；

A., before debugging, check the wiring of circuit, the insulation of electrical equipment, ground protection and fuse the most comprehensively；

B. control handle is placed in initial position or zero-bit；

C. power transmission, checks that voltage is normal；

D. input programmable logic controller PLC program；

E. verifying the mode of magnetization, exchange axially energising circumferential magnetization adds the compound magnetic of the overall closed circuit longitudinal magnetization of indirect current harness Change；

After energising, two exchange longitudinal magnetization coils can produce the magnetic field along workpiece longitudinal direction, and workpiece realizes exchange closed magnetic Road longitudinal magnetization, this magnetic field is by left magnetization chuck, workpiece, right magnetization chuck, right iron-core coil, magnetic conduction guide rail, left coil ferrum Core, left Magnetization clip capitiform become closed magnetic circuit；Under the Kelvin effect effect of alternating current, longitudinal magnetization field homogeneity is made to be distributed in knot The surface of the work that structure is complicated, changes of section is many, length is longer.