CN103323521A - Collocation method with AC-DC longitudinal closed-circuit magnetization function and flaw detection machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of nondestructive test and discloses a collocation method with AC-DC longitudinal closed-circuit magnetization function and a flaw detection machine. The flaw detection machine comprises axial telescoping magnetizing chucks, an AC circumferential magnetizing transformer, a DC longitudinal magnetizing coil and a magnetizing iron core, two AC longitudinal magnetizing coils, an AC longitudinal transformer and an AC longitudinal magnetizing current transformer. The two AC longitudinal magnetizing coils are respectively sleeved on journals of front and back magnetizing chunk mandrels and are respectively fixed on mandrels of the front and back magnetizing chunks. An output end of the AC longitudinal magnetizing transformer is connected in series with the two AC longitudinal magnetizing coils through insulated cables. According to the invention, multiple magnetizing modes can be realized on a flaw detection machine. The flaw detection machine has advantages of high detection sensitivity, low magnetic flux loss and good magnetization effect, can be adopted to reduce labor intensity of workers during detection of large-scale parts, is convenient to operate, has high detection efficiency, is simple to refit, requires low manufacturing cost, and is suitable for reconstruction of present equipment and popularization.

Description

A kind of collocation method and defectoscope that possesses the vertical closed circuit magnetizing function of alternating current-direct current

[technical field]

The invention belongs to technical field of nondestructive testing, refer more particularly to a kind of collocation method and defectoscope that possesses the vertical closed circuit magnetizing function of alternating current-direct current.

[background technology]

It is the generally acknowledged a kind of economically viable detection ferromagnetic metal component surface of present Non-Destructive Testing industry and the method for near surface flaw that magnetic detects, it is the ferromagnetic metal parts to be magnetized with magnaflux according to electromagnetic principle, under the effect of the remanent magnetism that possesses behind the direct effect of defectoscope magnetizing field or the workpiece magnetizing to being applied to the magnetic generation effect of surface of the work, if surface of the work exists defective will produce stray field, make the effect of magnetic generation aggregately stacked, form defective magnetic trace, the reviewer can assess defective and judges according to magnetic trace feature and acceptance criteria.

The core key technology that magnetic detects is exactly Magnitizing method, realize required Magnitizing method by developing suitable magnetizing assembly, utilize magnetizing assembly to make surface of the work produce effective magnetic field, guarantee to have the stray field of the rejected region of harmfulness to possess the ability of reliable absorption magnetic, guarantee the final effect of detection, preventing undetected generation, is the ultimate aim of magnaflux design.

In China, at present common can realize the compound magnetizer for magnetic particle inspection that the stationary magnetic particle detector of circumferential magnetization and longitudinal magnetization adopts to workpiece simultaneously, and version mainly contains following several:

1, " exchange axially energising circumferential magnetization device " and add " the vertical Overall magnetization of direct current yoke ", structure is seen Fig. 1.The magnetization principle of this version is: the realization to workpiece 1 circumferential magnetization is by magnetizing chuck 2a and 2b along the alternating current that axially passes to a certain size according to the detection code requirement of workpiece, because the electromagnetic induction effect is in the magnetic field of surface of the work generation along the workpiece circumferencial direction; Longitudinal magnetization to workpiece belongs to closed circuit yoke magnetization, after direct current longitudinal magnetization coil 4a and the 4b energising, generation is along workpiece 1 magnetic field longitudinally, workpiece is realized longitudinal magnetization, and this magnetic field forms closed magnetic circuit by front magnetization chuck 2a, workpiece 1, back magnetization chuck 2b, rear iron-core coil 3b, magnetic conduction guide rail 5, front iron-core coil 3a, front magnetization chuck 2a.

The characteristics of the compound magnetizer for magnetic particle inspection of this version are: the longitudinal magnetization flux loss is little, and is effective to workpiece magnetizing; Adopt the equipment of this magnetization technology, longitudinal magnetization coil 4a and 4b place respectively magnetization chuck 2a and 2b both sides, are convenient to the quick-clamping of workpiece and unload, and easy to operate, detection efficiency is high, is applicable to the detection of workpiece in enormous quantities.Owing to adopting direct current to carry out longitudinal magnetization, so the magnetization degree of depth is darker, be conducive to find apart from the darker nearly surface of surface of the work the not defective of opening.Therefore the compound magnetizer for magnetic particle inspection of this version is at the middle-size and small-size part for machining, and during especially the magnetic of foundry part detected, it is better that it detects effect, and obtain widely promotion and application.

Yet, its weak point is: because the longitudinal magnetization coil places magnetization chuck 2a and 2b both sides, far away apart from workpiece, magnetization effect to the workpiece middle part is relatively poor, increase along with part length, equipment Inspection sensitivity significantly descends, and therefore this magnetizing assembly is only applicable to the detection of medium and small part, and is not enough for the detectability of the large-scale workpiece more than the length 1000mm; Because direct current is adopted in longitudinal magnetization, the magnetic field infiltration workpiece degree of depth is darker, and workpiece remanent magnetism is larger, causes the demagnetization difficulty to increase; The most key a bit is, for surface structure complexity and the more part of changes of section, its magnetic conduction effect is relatively poor, and part length is when increasing, and the detection sensitivity of the transverse defect at part middle part obviously descends; Because the magnetic conduction guide rail structure being arranged, manufacturing cost is higher.

2, " exchange axially energising circumferential magnetization device " and add " exchanging or the dc coil magnetization ", structure is seen Fig. 2.The magnetization principle of the equipment of this magnetization technology is: the realization to workpiece 1 circumferential magnetization is by magnetizing chuck 2a and 2b along the alternating current that axially passes to a certain size according to the detection code requirement of workpiece, because the electromagnetic induction effect is in the magnetic field of surface of the work generation along the workpiece circumferencial direction; The longitudinal magnetization of workpiece is belonged to the open circuit magnetization, after longitudinal magnetization coil 8a and the 8b energising, produce along workpiece 1 magnetic field longitudinally, owing to not having the magnetic conduction guide rail in the lathe bed structure, can't form closed magnetic circuit, only produce under the effect in magnetic field at longitudinal coil, workpiece is carried out longitudinal magnetization.

The characteristics of this compound magnetizer for magnetic particle inspection structure are: longitudinal magnetization coil 8a and 8b place respectively magnetization chuck 2a and 2b two ends, are convenient to the quick-clamping of workpiece and unload, and easy to operate, detection efficiency is high, is suitable for the detection of workpiece in enormous quantities; Owing to there not being the magnetic conduction guide rail, so this apparatus structure is simple, manufacturing cost is lower.Based on above some, using at present maximum in the production inspection of enterprise is this compound magnetizer for magnetic particle inspection.

Yet, its weak point is: do not have the magnetic conduction guide rail in the lathe bed structure, can't form closed magnetic circuit, workpiece is carried out longitudinal magnetization belong to the open circuit magnetization, so flux loss is larger, when coil diameter is larger than chuck iron core, reduce in the magnetic field that imports iron core, the magnetization deleterious, this structure is because coil at the chuck two ends, makes the magnetization effect at workpiece middle part relatively poor, therefore not good greater than the detectability of the part of 500mm for length in addition, and along with the increase of part length, equipment Inspection sensitivity meeting significantly descends.

3, " exchange axially energising circumferential magnetization device " and add " mid-removable interchange or dc magnetization coil magnetizing ", structure is seen Fig. 3.Adopt the magnetization principle of the equipment of this magnetization technology to be: the realization to workpiece 1 circumferential magnetization is by magnetizing chuck 2a and 2b along the alternating current that axially passes to a certain size according to the detection code requirement of workpiece, because the electromagnetic induction effect is in the magnetic field of surface of the work generation along the workpiece circumferencial direction; The longitudinal magnetization of workpiece is belonged to the open circuit magnetization, after 12 energisings of longitudinal magnetization coil, produce along workpiece 1 magnetic field longitudinally, owing to not having the magnetic conduction guide rail in the lathe bed structure, can't form closed magnetic circuit, only produce the effective coverage in magnetic field at longitudinal coil, workpiece is carried out longitudinal magnetization.

The characteristics of this compound magnetizer for magnetic particle inspection structure are: longitudinal magnetization coil 12 is installed in the middle of two chuck 2a and the 2b, can move axially along workpiece, can carry out the local detection of segmentation to workpiece, is suitable for the detection to major axis class or complex-shaped part.Owing to there not being the magnetic conduction guide rail, so this apparatus structure is simple, manufacturing cost is lower.

Yet, its weak point is: do not have magnetic conduction guide rail and conducting magnet core in the lathe bed structure, can't form closed magnetic circuit, the longitudinal magnetization that workpiece is carried out belongs to the open circuit magnetization, flux loss is larger, and the inductive action of the workpiece that places one's entire reliance upon itself, when coil diameter during much larger than diameter of work, the magnetization poor effect; Because longitudinal magnetization coil 12 is mid-, thereby causes clamping workpiece and take off operation inconvenience, flaw detection efficient is low, is not suitable for carrying out the detection of part in enormous quantities.Therefore, the compound magnetizer for magnetic particle inspection structure of this version only is applied to the detection of macrotype axes series parts and the sampling observation of parts in small batch.

From the design feature of above various magnetizing assemblys as can be known:

A: although existing various compound magnetizer for magnetic particle inspection all have certain applicability and beneficial effect, but because the weak point that above-mentioned various devices all exist respectively some to be difficult to overcome, so that there is certain limitation in each comfortable practical application, even the undetected of part defect occurs in testing process.

B: in order to realize that the magnetic of dissimilar workpiece and same workpiece different parts is detected, often need to adopt different magnetizing assemblys, certainly will add like this investment of large equipment and increase testing process and required time of back work, cause detection efficiency to reduce.

Therefore, producing, developing the more enterprise of product component kind, especially the less enterprise of scale, how can utilize limited fund input to realize that various dissimilar parts are carried out effective magnetic to be detected, guarantee product quality, and the raising detection efficiency, be badly in need of seeking a kind of effective magnetizing equipment solution.

[summary of the invention]

In order to overcome the deficiency in the background technology, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of collocation method and defectoscope that possesses the vertical closed circuit magnetizing function of alternating current-direct current, method of the present invention not only can realize the original all functions of alternating current-direct current magnaflux, keep its original detection advantage, and can realize exchanging closed circuit yoke magnetization function, namely satisfy the needs of realizing multiple Magnitizing method Combination application at same magnaflux, the magnetic that adapts to dissimilar workpiece detects, and can reach and reduce equipment purchasing expense, the purpose of Effective Raise plant factor; Needs are equipped with the situation of the magnaflux more than two for the magnetic that satisfies dissimilar workpiece and same workpiece different parts detects with respect to present in the present invention, have a cost low, the plant factor advantages of higher.

In order to realize goal of the invention of the present invention, the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

A kind of defectoscope that possesses the vertical closed circuit magnetizing function of alternating current-direct current, comprise: the guide rail that the magnetization chuck of the length of axial stretching, the mild carbon steel that remanent magnetism is low are made, exchange circumferential magnetization transformer, direct current longitudinal magnetization coil and magnetization iron core, transmission and Workpiece clamping mechanical mechanism and control electric cabinet, described transmission and Workpiece clamping mechanical mechanism, comprise: have and make workpiece coarse positioning and the pre-right magnetization chuck base mechanically moving gear train that clamps, have the fine positioning that makes workpiece and the final right Magnetization clip head clamping precision positioning control mechanism that clamps; Also comprise: two exchange the longitudinal magnetization coil, exchange vertical transformer, interchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer, described two interchange longitudinal magnetization coils are nested with respectively on the axle journal of front and back magnetization chuck mandrel, and magnetize before and after being separately fixed on the mandrel of chuck; The inductive coil of described interchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer is enclosed within and exchanges the secondary output of longitudinal magnetization current transformer wherein on the copper bar of an end, and copper bar is positioned at the inductive coil center that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization current transformer, and is fixed on the lathe bed; Described interchange longitudinal magnetization transformer output terminal exchanges the longitudinal magnetization coil by insulated cable with two and is connected in series; Exchange longitudinal magnetization transformer input end continuous with the output terminal that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization control system in the electric cabinet of control; Exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer output terminal continuous with the feedback end that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization control system in the electric cabinet of control by cable;

Wherein, the axial extension elongation of the mandrel of described magnetization chuck is 70～80mm, and the axle diameter of magnetization chuck is 100～180mm; And be provided with the buffer insulation pad between the mandrel of interchange longitudinal magnetization coil endoporus and magnetization chuck.

A kind of defectoscope that possesses the vertical closed circuit magnetizing function of alternating current-direct current, the buffer insulation pad between the mandrel of described interchange longitudinal magnetization coil endoporus and magnetization chuck is rubber pad.

A kind of defectoscope that possesses the vertical closed circuit magnetizing function of alternating current-direct current, described interchange longitudinal magnetization coil prevents the red copper material copper coin that coil is overheated when adopting energising, the copper coin sectional area is greater than 50mm * 5mm; Every coiling number of turn that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization coil: be 2～5 circles; Longitudinal magnetization coil total number of turns is set to 4～10 circles, maximum operating currenbt 3000～5000A, and magnetic potential is 10000～30000AT; And exchange the longitudinal magnetization coil and admittedly sealed the insulation crust of moulding by insulating material; The diameter of bore that exchanges the insulation crust of longitudinal magnetization coil is 110～190mm, and exchanging longitudinal magnetization coil insulation shell axial width dimension is 60～70mm.

A kind of defectoscope that possesses the vertical closed circuit magnetizing function of alternating current-direct current; described interchange longitudinal magnetization control system; comprise: exchange longitudinal magnetization main circuit, control current circuit, holding circuit, feedback indicating circuit; described interchange longitudinal magnetization control current circuit adopts the control of silicion controlled voltage regulator circuit; the interchange longitudinal magnetization main circuit of control of silicion controlled voltage regulator circuit control with exchanges vertical transformer and links to each other, exchange vertical transformer output terminal and link to each other with the reometer that feeds back indicating circuit by exchanging the longitudinal magnetization current transformer.

A kind of defectoscope that possesses the vertical closed circuit magnetizing function of alternating current-direct current, described control electricity is provided with electrical control panel cashier's office in a shop, comprising: exchange circumferential magnetization reometer, direct current longitudinal magnetization reometer, interchange longitudinal magnetization reometer, magnetization control knob, demagnetization control knob, reset button, emergency stop push button, mode of magnetization selector switch, method of inspection selector switch, alternating current-direct current selector switch, exchange circumferential magnetization current adjusting knob, direct current longitudinal magnetization current adjusting knob, exchange longitudinal magnetization current adjusting knob, power light.

A kind of collocation method that possesses the closed circuit magnetizing function of interchange, step is as follows:

1), selected alternating current-direct current magnaflux, comprising: have magnetization chuck that can axial stretching, guide rail that the good remanent magnetism of magnetic conduction that mild carbon steel is made is low, exchange circumferential magnetization transformer, direct current longitudinal magnetization coil and magnetization iron core, transmission and Workpiece clamping mechanical mechanism;

2) the interchange longitudinal magnetization transformer that, adopts is:

A. primary voltage is 220V or 380V

B. time level no-load voltage is 11V～19V;

C. capacity: the capacity of determining to exchange the longitudinal magnetization transformer according to specification capacity, sensing range, the actual user demand of former alternating current-direct current magnaflux: the circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 1000～3000A, the capacity that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization transformer is defined as 15～50kVA, the circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 4000～6000A, the capacity that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization transformer is defined as 40～80kVA, the circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 6000～10000A, and the capacity that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization transformer is defined as 70～110kVA;

D. install: will exchange the longitudinal magnetization transformer and be mounted on equipment lathe bed structure inside, and make the output copper bar towards the equipment rear side;

3) the interchange longitudinal magnetization coil that, adopts is:

A. the quantity that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization coil is 2;

B. the material of coil copper coin and specification: exchange the material selection red copper of the used copper coin of longitudinal magnetization coil winding, the copper coin sectional area is 50mm * 5mm, 60mm * 6mm or 60mm * 8mm;

C. determining the coiling number of turn of every coil according to the maximum output load current that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization transformer, is 2～5 circles;

D. exchange the longitudinal magnetization coil winding and well admittedly seal moulding with insulating material afterwards, the insulation crust internal diameter size of coil is 110～190mm, and coil insulation shell axial width dimension is 60～70mm;

E. install; The front and back magnetization chuck of defectoscope is pulled down, magnetized on the axle journal of chuck mandrel before and after two interchange longitudinal magnetization coils are enclosed within respectively; To magnetize chuck and reinstall defectoscope, and pass through the cushioning rubber peel as the gap between the mandrel of buffer insulation pad elimination interchange longitudinal magnetization coil endoporus and magnetization chuck, two interchange longitudinal magnetization coils are separately fixed at front and back safely and reliably magnetize on the mandrel of chuck;

4), adopt the electric control circuit of realizing exchanging vertical closed circuit magnetizing function:

A. have the required power supply load capacity of vertical closed circuit magnetization control circuit of interchange: the circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 1000～3000A, exchange the required power supply load capacity of vertical closed circuit magnetization control circuit and be defined as 15～50kVA, the circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 4000～6000A, exchange the required power supply load of vertical closed circuit magnetization control circuit and be defined as 40～80kVA, the circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 6000～10000A, exchanges the required power supply load of vertical closed circuit magnetization control circuit and is defined as 70～110kVA;

B. has the magnetization current regulating circuit: exchange the longitudinal magnetization current regulating circuit and adopt the control of silicion controlled voltage regulator technology; Exchange longitudinal magnetization electric current indicator current table and carry out current sample by exchanging the longitudinal current mutual inductor;

C. the setting of holding circuit: comprising: system's over-voltage and over-current and short-circuit fault protection circuit; The short-circuit protection circuit of control loop; The function that exchanges longitudinal magnetization and direct current longitudinal magnetization is selected inter-lock circuit; The controllable silicon current foldback circuit; The controllable silicon overvoltage crowbar;

D. electrical control panel, electric mounting disc and the designing and making of cabinet is installed: the demand for control that satisfies what's new;

E. draw electric control theory figure and electric mounting disc arrangenent diagram;

4) the defectoscope lathe bed increases the wiring of electrical equipment:

5) electric control system is installed, and mounting electrical is joined dish, electrical control panel:

A. finish the electric dish of joining according to electrical schematic diagram, electrical equipment mounting disc arrangenent diagram.

The electrical control panel electrical equipment is installed fixing; Finish connection between the electrical equipment according to schematic diagram, connect with the output wiring terminal that is connected by switchboard of electrical power distribution disc elements;

6) interchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer is installed: the inductive coil that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization current transformer is passed exchange the wherein copper bar of an end of the secondary output of longitudinal magnetization current transformer, and make copper bar be positioned at the hub of a spool position, after adjusting the position, current transformer is fixed on the lathe bed;

7) debugging: checking exchange longitudinal magnetization function with performance former configuration;

A. before debugging, the wiring of at first comprehensive check circuit, insulation, ground protection and the fuse of electrical equipment;

B. control handle is placed initial position or zero-bit;

C. send electricity, check that voltage is normal;

D. input programmable logic controller PLC program;

E. verify the mode of magnetization, exchange the resultant magnetization that the circumferential magnetization of axially switching on adds the whole closed circuit longitudinal magnetization of alternating current yoke;

After the energising, two exchange the longitudinal magnetization coil and can produce along workpiece magnetic field longitudinally, workpiece is realized exchanging the closed magnetic circuit longitudinal magnetization, and this magnetic field becomes closed magnetic circuit by left magnetization chuck, workpiece, right magnetization chuck, right iron-core coil, magnetic conduction guide rail, left coil iron core, left Magnetization clip capitiform; Under the skin effect effect of alternating current, make longitudinal magnetization magnetic field be uniformly distributed in the surface of the work that complex structure, changes of section are many, length is long, flux loss is little, magnetize effective, detection sensitivity is high; And it is little to have the magnetization degree of depth, and workpiece remanent magnetism is little, and demagnetization is simple.

Owing to having adopted technique scheme, the present invention to have following beneficial effect:

1, the defectoscope of method transformation of the present invention or manufacturing can freely be selected to realize the multiple mode of magnetization flexibly according to the feature that detects part and the type of defective on same defectoscope, comprising:

(1) " exchanges axially energising circumferential magnetization " and add " the whole closed circuit magnetization of direct current yoke " resultant magnetization;

(2) " exchange axially energising circumferential magnetization " and add " the whole closed circuit magnetization of alternating current yoke " resultant magnetization;

(3) exchange axially energising circumferential magnetization;

(4) the whole closed circuit longitudinal magnetization of direct current yoke;

(5) the whole closed circuit longitudinal magnetization of alternating current yoke;

2, the present invention adopts and exchanges closed circuit yoke magnetization, 2 that increase exchange the longitudinal magnetization coil and directly are installed on the magnetization chuck mandrel, the principle of the magnetic field distribution rule that produces according to hot-wire coil, magnetic field intensity increases along with the distance with distance magnetizing coil center and reduces, since exchange the longitudinal magnetization coil than former direct current longitudinal magnetization coil more near workpiece, thereby can increase the effective magnetizing zone of magnetizing coil, effectively improve length than the magnetization effect of elongated workpieces;

3, the closed circuit yoke magnetization function of interchange of the present invention's increase, skin effect principle according to alternating current, than the closed circuit yoke magnetization of former direct current, its magnetization degree of depth is little, and workpiece remanent magnetism reduces, can greatly reduce the demagnetization difficulty of workpiece, generally speaking, in the machine demagnetization remanent magnetism is dropped in the scope of technological requirement, not demagnetize on the special demagnetizer and need not be maneuvered into, like this, can greatly reduce the labour intensity of workman when detecting heavy parts;

4, the present invention adopts and exchanges closed circuit yoke magnetization, after making the interchange longitudinal magnetization coil electricity of increase, generation is along workpiece magnetic field longitudinally, workpiece is realized exchanging longitudinal magnetization, this magnetic field is by left magnetization chuck, workpiece, right magnetization chuck, right iron-core coil, the magnetic conduction guide rail, the left coil iron core, left Magnetization clip capitiform becomes closed magnetic circuit, simultaneously, because the skin effect of alternating current, can make longitudinal magnetic field effectively be distributed in surface of the work, the complexity that adapts to surface of the work changes, so for the piece surface complex structure, the part that changes of section is more, than the closed circuit yoke magnetization of former direct current, its detection sensitivity can significantly improve;

5, the present invention has adopted and has exchanged closed circuit yoke magnetization, after making the interchange longitudinal magnetization coil electricity of increase, generation is along workpiece magnetic field longitudinally, workpiece is realized exchanging the closed magnetic circuit longitudinal magnetization, the closed circuit yoke magnetization function of interchange that the present invention increases, there is flux loss little than the interchange open circuit magnetization of generally adopting at present, magnetizes effective advantage, can the Effective Raise detection sensitivity;

6, the present invention has increased on the basis of alternating current-direct current magnaflux to exchange closed circuit yoke magnetization function, so kept all advantages of former defectoscope, still applicable to the flaw detection of middle-size and small-size foundry part, and newly-increased interchange longitudinal magnetization coil places respectively magnetization chuck two ends, still have the quick-clamping of being convenient to workpiece and unload, easy to operate, the advantage that detection efficiency is high;

7, the present invention improves one's methods simplely, and low cost of manufacture can satisfy in the situation that limited fund but needs increase detects the part kind and detect the position, and existing equipment is transformed, and does not need to purchase other equipment again, can save investment, the suitable popularization.

[description of drawings]

Energising circumferential magnetization device adds direct current yoke Overall magnetization schematic diagram to Fig. 1 in order to exchange axially;

Energising circumferential magnetization device adds interchange or dc coil magnetization schematic diagram to Fig. 2 in order to exchange axially;

Energising circumferential magnetization device adds mid-removable interchange or dc coil magnetization schematic diagram to Fig. 3 in order to exchange axially;

Fig. 4 is that the method for the invention realizes improved defectoscope magnetizing function one-piece construction schematic diagram;

Fig. 5 is the interchange longitudinal magnetization illustrative view of functional configuration that the method for the invention increases;

In the drawings: 1, workpiece; 2a, left magnetization chuck; 2b, right magnetization chuck; 2c, right Magnetization clip head clamping precision positioning control mechanism; 2d, right magnetization chuck base mechanically moving gear train; 3a, left coil iron core; 3b, right iron-core coil; 4a, direct current longitudinal magnetization left coil; 4b, the right coil of direct current longitudinal magnetization; 5, magnetic conduction guide rail; 6, direct supply; 7, exchange the circumferential magnetization transformer; 8a, friendship (directly) stream is open circuit magnetization left coil vertically; 8b, friendship (directly) stream is the right coil of open circuit magnetization vertically; 9a, left magnetization chuck base; 9b, right magnetization chuck base; 10, vertically the open circuit magnetization is used and is handed over (directly) stream power supply; 11, mid-movable coil is vertically opened a way magnetization with handing over (directly) stream power supply; 12, mid-removable longitudinal magnetization coil; 13, exchange the longitudinal magnetization transformer; 14a, interchange longitudinal magnetization left coil; 14b, the right coil of interchange longitudinal magnetization;

Fig. 6 is electric control circuit logic diagram of the present invention, the interior realization circuit part for the closed circuit magnetizing function of increasing exchanges of dotted line frame.

[embodiment]

Can explain in more detail the present invention by the following examples, the present invention is not limited to the following examples, discloses purpose of the present invention and is intended to protect all changes and improvements in the scope of the invention.

A kind of defectoscope that possesses the vertical closed circuit magnetizing function of alternating current-direct current, comprise: magnetization chuck 2a and the 2b of the length of axial stretching, the guide rail 5 that the mild carbon steel that remanent magnetism is low is made, exchange circumferential magnetization transformer 7, direct current longitudinal magnetization coil 4a and 4b and magnetization iron core 3a and 3b, transmission and Workpiece clamping mechanical mechanism, control electric cabinet, described transmission and Workpiece clamping mechanical mechanism, comprise: have the right magnetization chuck base mechanically moving gear train 2d that makes workpiece 1 coarse positioning and pre-clamping, have the fine positioning and the final right Magnetization clip head clamping precision positioning control 2c of mechanism that clamps that make workpiece 1; Also comprise: two exchange the longitudinal magnetization coil, exchange vertical transformer, interchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer, described two interchange longitudinal magnetization coil 14a and 14b are nested with respectively on the axle journal of front and back magnetization chuck 2a and 2b mandrel, and magnetize before and after being separately fixed on the mandrel of chuck 2a and 2b; The inductive coil of described interchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer is enclosed within and exchanges the secondary output of longitudinal magnetization current transformer wherein on the copper bar of an end, and copper bar is positioned at the inductive coil center that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization current transformer, and is fixed on the lathe bed; Described interchange longitudinal magnetization transformer 13 output terminals exchange the longitudinal magnetization coil by insulated cable with two and are connected in series; Exchange longitudinal magnetization transformer 13 input ends continuous with the output terminal that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization control system in the electric cabinet of control; Exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer output terminal continuous with the feedback end that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization control system in the electric cabinet of control by cable;

Wherein, the axial extension elongation of mandrel of described magnetization chuck 2a and 2b is 70～80mm, and the axle diameter of magnetization chuck 2a and 2b is 100～180mm; And be provided with the buffer insulation pad between the mandrel of interchange longitudinal magnetization coil endoporus and magnetization chuck.

Buffer insulation pad between the mandrel of described interchange longitudinal magnetization coil endoporus and magnetization chuck is rubber pad, and the rubber peel gross thickness is 10mm.

Described interchange longitudinal magnetization coil 14a and 14b prevent the red copper material copper coin that coil is overheated when adopting energising, and the copper coin sectional area is 50mm * 5mm, 60mm * 6mm or 60mm * 8mm; Every coiling number of turn that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization coil: be 2～5 circles; Longitudinal magnetization coil total number of turns is set to 4～10 circles, maximum operating currenbt 3000～5000A, and magnetic potential is 10000～30000AT; And exchange the longitudinal magnetization coil and admittedly sealed the insulation crust of moulding by insulating material; The diameter of bore that exchanges the insulation crust of longitudinal magnetization coil is 110～190mm, and exchanging longitudinal magnetization coil insulation shell axial width dimension is 60～70mm.

Described interchange longitudinal magnetization control system; comprise: exchange longitudinal magnetization main circuit, control current circuit, holding circuit, feedback indicating circuit; described interchange longitudinal magnetization control current circuit adopts the control of silicion controlled voltage regulator circuit; the interchange longitudinal magnetization main circuit of control of silicion controlled voltage regulator circuit control with exchanges vertical transformer and links to each other, exchange vertical transformer output terminal and link to each other with the reometer that feeds back indicating circuit by exchanging the longitudinal magnetization current transformer.

Described control electricity is provided with electrical control panel cashier's office in a shop, comprising: exchange circumferential magnetization reometer, direct current longitudinal magnetization reometer, interchange longitudinal magnetization reometer, magnetization control knob, demagnetization control knob, reset button, emergency stop push button, mode of magnetization selector switch, method of inspection selector switch, alternating current-direct current selector switch, exchange circumferential magnetization current adjusting knob, direct current longitudinal magnetization current adjusting knob, exchange longitudinal magnetization current adjusting knob, power light.

A kind of collocation method that possesses the closed circuit magnetizing function of interchange, step is as follows:

1), selected alternating current-direct current magnaflux, comprising: have magnetization chuck that can axial stretching, guide rail that the good remanent magnetism of magnetic conduction that mild carbon steel is made is low, exchange circumferential magnetization transformer, direct current longitudinal magnetization coil and magnetization iron core, transmission and Workpiece clamping mechanical mechanism;

2) the interchange longitudinal magnetization transformer that, adopts is:

A. primary voltage is 220V or 380V

B. time level no-load voltage is 11V～19V;

C. capacity: the capacity of determining to exchange the longitudinal magnetization transformer according to specification capacity, sensing range, the actual user demand of former alternating current-direct current magnaflux; The circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 1000～3000A, the capacity that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization transformer is defined as 15～50kVA, the circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 4000～6000A, the capacity that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization transformer is defined as 40～80kVA, the circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 6000～10000A, and the capacity that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization transformer is defined as 70～110kVA;

D. install: will exchange the longitudinal magnetization transformer and be mounted on equipment lathe bed structure inside, and make the output copper bar towards the equipment rear side;

3) the interchange longitudinal magnetization coil that, adopts is:

A. the quantity that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization coil is 2;

B. the material of coil copper coin and specification: exchange the material selection red copper of the used copper coin of longitudinal magnetization coil winding, the copper coin sectional area is 50mm * 5mm, 60mm * 6mm or 60mm * 8mm;

C. determining the coiling number of turn of every coil according to the maximum output load current that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization transformer, is 2～5 circles;

D. exchange the longitudinal magnetization coil winding and well admittedly seal moulding with insulating material afterwards, the insulation crust internal diameter size of coil is 110～190mm, and coil insulation shell axial width dimension is 60～70mm;

E. install; The front and back magnetization chuck of defectoscope is pulled down, exchange the longitudinal magnetization coil according to correct outlet direction with two? magnetize on the axle journal of chuck mandrel before and after being enclosed within respectively; To magnetize chuck and reinstall defectoscope, and by suitable mode two interchange longitudinal magnetization coils will be separately fixed on the mandrel of front and back magnetization chuck safely and reliably;

4), adopt the electric control circuit of realizing exchanging vertical closed circuit magnetizing function:

A. have the required power supply load capacity of vertical closed circuit magnetization control circuit of interchange: the circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 1000～3000A, exchange the required power supply load capacity of vertical closed circuit magnetization control circuit and be defined as 15～50kVA, the circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 4000～6000A, exchange the required power supply load of vertical closed circuit magnetization control circuit and be defined as 40～80kVA, the circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 6000～10000A, exchanges the required power supply load of vertical closed circuit magnetization control circuit and is defined as 70～110kVA;

B. has the magnetization current regulating circuit: exchange the longitudinal magnetization current regulating circuit and adopt the control of silicion controlled voltage regulator technology; Exchange longitudinal magnetization electric current indicator current table and carry out current sample by exchanging the longitudinal current mutual inductor;

C. the setting of holding circuit: comprising: system's over-voltage and over-current and short-circuit fault protection circuit; The short-circuit protection circuit of control loop; The function that exchanges longitudinal magnetization and direct current longitudinal magnetization is selected inter-lock circuit; The controllable silicon current foldback circuit; The controllable silicon overvoltage crowbar;

D. electrical control panel, electric mounting disc and the designing and making of cabinet is installed: the demand for control that satisfies what's new;

E. draw electric control theory figure and electric mounting disc arrangenent diagram;

4) the defectoscope lathe bed increases the wiring of electrical equipment:

5) electric control system is installed, and mounting electrical is joined dish, electrical control panel:

A. finish the electric dish of joining according to electrical schematic diagram, electrical equipment mounting disc arrangenent diagram.

The electrical control panel electrical equipment is installed fixing; Finish connection between the electrical equipment according to schematic diagram, connect with the output wiring terminal that is connected by switchboard of electrical power distribution disc elements;

6) interchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer is installed: the inductive coil that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization current transformer is passed exchange the wherein copper bar of an end of the secondary output of longitudinal magnetization current transformer, and make copper bar be positioned at the hub of a spool position, after adjusting the position, current transformer is fixed on the lathe bed;

7) debugging: checking exchange longitudinal magnetization function with performance former configuration;

A. before debugging, the wiring of at first comprehensive check circuit, insulation, ground protection and the fuse of electrical equipment;

B. control handle is placed initial position or zero-bit;

C. send electricity, check that voltage is normal;

D. input programmable logic controller PLC program;

E. verify the mode of magnetization, comprising:

I. exchanging axially, the energising circumferential magnetization adds the whole closed circuit magnetized resultant magnetization of direct current yoke;

II. exchange the resultant magnetization that the circumferential magnetization of axially switching on adds the whole closed circuit longitudinal magnetization of alternating current yoke;

III. exchange axially energising circumferential magnetization;

IV. the whole closed circuit longitudinal magnetization of direct current yoke;

V. the whole closed circuit longitudinal magnetization of alternating current yoke;

After the energising, exchanging the longitudinal magnetization coil can produce along workpiece magnetic field longitudinally, workpiece is realized exchanging the closed magnetic circuit longitudinal magnetization, and this magnetic field becomes closed magnetic circuit by left magnetization chuck, workpiece, right magnetization chuck, right iron-core coil, magnetic conduction guide rail, left coil iron core, left Magnetization clip capitiform; Have and improve length than the magnetization effect of elongated workpieces, increase the effective magnetizing zone of magnetizing coil; And under the skin effect effect of alternating current, can make longitudinal magnetic field be distributed in the many surface of the works of complex structure, changes of section, its flux loss is little, magnetize effective, detection sensitivity is high; And it is little to have the magnetization degree of depth, and workpiece remanent magnetism is little, and demagnetization is simple.

Below in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 4 and Fig. 6, specify implementation step as follows:

1) selected alternating current-direct current magnaflux, model is the CEW-4000 type, and this defectoscope is the product that machinery factory, the former Shanghai eighties in last century makes, and its magnetizing function forms structure and sees Fig. 1, and this defectoscope should have following pacing items:

1-1) have magnetization chuck 2a and the 2b that can axial stretching has certain-length;

1-2) has the guide rail 5 that magnetic conduction mild carbon steel effective and that remanent magnetism is low is made;

1-3) has the circumferential magnetization of interchange transformer 7;

1-4) have direct current longitudinal magnetization coil 4a and 4b and magnetization iron core 3a and 3b;

1-5) having necessary transmission and Workpiece clamping mechanical mechanism: 2d is right magnetization chuck base mechanically moving gear train, adopt the wheel and rack engaged transmission, make right magnetization chuck base move left and right by operated by handwheel, realize coarse positioning and pre-clamping of workpiece 1,2c is right Magnetization clip head clamping precision positioning control mechanism, adopt the feed screw nut to cooperate transmission, right magnetization chuck is stretched out or retracts by operated by handwheel, realize fine positioning and the final clamping of workpiece 1;

2), design, making exchange the longitudinal magnetization transformer:

As shown in Figure 4, according to specification capacity, sensing range and the user demand of former alternating current-direct current magnaflux, increase design, make the interchange longitudinal magnetization transformer 13 of appropriate size:

2-1) determine primary voltage: primary voltage is 380V;

2-2) determine secondary voltage: secondary no-load voltage is 19V;

2-3) determine to exchange the longitudinal magnetization transformer capacity: according to specification capacity, sensing range, the actual user demand of former alternating current-direct current magnaflux, will exchange longitudinal magnetization transformer output maximum current and be defined as 3000A, capacity is defined as 57KVA;

2-4) make: exchange the making of longitudinal magnetization transformer according to parameter request;

3) design, making exchange the longitudinal magnetization coil:

As shown in Figure 4, according to specification capacity, sensing range and the user demand of former alternating current-direct current magnaflux, and transformation ratio and the load capacity of the interchange longitudinal magnetization transformer 13 of design alternative, increase design, make interchange longitudinal magnetization coil 14a and 14b;

3-1) determine coil quantity: the design quantity that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization coil is 2, respectively in order on the iron core that is installed in magnetization chuck 2a and 2b;

3-2) determine material and the specification of coil copper coin: exchange the material selection red copper of the used copper coin of longitudinal magnetization coil winding, the copper coin sectional area is 50mm * 5mm, and is overheated in the time of can preventing coil electricity;

3-3) determine coil turn: according to the maximum output load current 3000A of fixed interchange longitudinal magnetization transformer, the coiling number of turn of determining every coil is 3 circles, like this, longitudinal magnetization coil total number of turns is 6 circles, the 3000A that the coil maximum operating currenbt provides for exchanging the longitudinal magnetization transformer, making the maximum magnetic potential of the interchange longitudinal magnetization coil of final acquisition is 18000AT;

3-4) determine the coil installation dimension: admittedly seal moulding with insulating material after exchanging longitudinal magnetization coil 14a and 14b coiling well, determine the insulation crust internal diameter size of coil according to the axle diameter size of former alternating current-direct current magnaflux magnetization chuck 2a and 2b, axle diameter is of a size of 140mm, the endoporus of the insulation crust of coil is sized to 150mm after the moulding, guaranteeing that longitudinal magnetization coil 14a and its insulation crust internal diameter size of 14b can make magnetization chuck 2a and the mandrel of 2b pass smoothly, and be that cushioning buffer insulation pad reserves gap about 10mm between coil endoporus and the mandrel; The axial extension elongation of mandrel according to magnetization chuck 2a and 2b is determined coil insulation shell axial width dimension, and the axial maximum extension elongation of mandrel of magnetization chuck is 70mm, and compact for making mounting structure, axial width dimensions is defined as 60mm behind the coil molding;

3-5) coil is made: exchange the making of longitudinal magnetization coil according to parameter request;

4) design realizes exchanging the electric control circuit of vertical closed circuit magnetizing function:

4-1) determine that exchanging the required power supply load capacity of vertical closed circuit magnetization control circuit is 57KVA.Since the control power supply of former defectoscope load total volume 32KVA, newly-increased power supply load capacity 57KVA, and station load is about 90KVA like this;

4-2) determine that the magnetization current adjusting realizes circuit:

Exchange the longitudinal magnetization current regulating circuit and adopt the control of silicion controlled voltage regulator technology, as shown in Figure 6, the interchange longitudinal current indicator current table that is installed on electrical control panel carries out current sample by exchanging vertical mutual inductor, and realizes by control handle and the switch of electrical control panel;

4-3) determine the setting of holding circuit:

The setting of a, electrical system general supply gauge tap:

The air-break of selecting to mate with the electrical system total volume is as the general supply gauge tap, it is the automatic air circuit breaker of 250A that the present embodiment is selected action current, guaranteeing when system's generation overvoltage, overcurrent and short trouble can action message, cut off the electricity supply, guarantee equipment and operating personnel's safety;

The short-circuit protection of b, control loop:

Install the fuse of appropriate action electric current additional at control loop;

The function of c, interchange longitudinal magnetization and direct current longitudinal magnetization is selected inter-lock circuit;

The interlock protection that adopts two selector switch realization interchange longitudinal magnetizations and direct current longitudinal magnetization function to select guarantees to exchange longitudinal magnetization and the direct current longitudinal magnetization can not be selected simultaneously;

D, controllable silicon current foldback circuit:

Adopt the quick fuse insurance as the controllable silicon overcurrent protection;

E, controllable silicon overvoltage crowbar:

Adopt Resistor-Capacitor Unit to carry out in parallel as the controllable silicon overvoltage protection with controllable silicon;

4-4) electrical control panel, electric mounting disc and the designing and making of cabinet is installed: the designing and making electrical control panel, satisfy the demand for control of what's new;

Described electric control system: have the control system of PLC programmable controller, exchange longitudinal magnetization control current regulating circuit, interchange circumferential magnetization current regulating circuit, direct current longitudinal magnetization current regulating circuit, magnetic flaw detection ink stirring and spray control circuit; And the holding circuit of electric control system;

Interchange longitudinal magnetization current regulating circuit, interchange circumferential magnetization current regulating circuit, direct current longitudinal magnetization current regulating circuit all adopt the control of silicion controlled voltage regulator circuit; The holding circuit of control system wherein comprises:

The setting of a, electrical system general supply gauge tap: the air-break of selecting to mate with the electrical system total volume is realized system's overvoltage, overcurrent and short trouble protection as the general supply gauge tap;

The short-circuit protection of b, each control loop: the fuse that installs the appropriate action electric current at each control loop additional;

C, interchange longitudinal magnetization are selected inter-lock circuit with the function of direct current longitudinal magnetization: adopt two selector switch to realize exchanging the interlock protection of longitudinal magnetization and the selection of direct current longitudinal magnetization function;

D, controllable silicon current foldback circuit: adopt the quick fuse insurance as the controllable silicon overcurrent protection;

E, controllable silicon overvoltage crowbar: adopt Resistor-Capacitor Unit to carry out in parallel as the controllable silicon overvoltage protection with controllable silicon.

5) electric control system is installed

5-1) the electric dish of joining:

Finish the electric dish of joining according to electrical schematic diagram, electrical equipment mounting disc arrangenent diagram.

5-2) mounting electrical control panel:

The electrical control panel electrical equipment is pressed design attitude to be installed fixing; Finish connection between the electrical equipment according to schematic diagram with the insulated conductor of design specification, connect with the output wiring terminal that is connected by switchboard of electrical power distribution disc elements;

6) the vertical transformer of interchange is installed:

To exchange the longitudinal magnetization transformer and be installed on defectoscope lathe bed correct position, make output copper bar towards the equipment rear side be convenient to outgoing cable so that cable arrangements in the zone that does not affect equipment operating;

7) interchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer is installed:

The inductive coil that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization current transformer is passed exchange the wherein copper bar of an end of the secondary output of longitudinal magnetization current transformer, and make copper bar be positioned at the hub of a spool position, make adjusting pole with angle steel after determining the position, current transformer is fixed on the lathe bed by support;

8) interchange longitudinal magnetization coil is installed:

8-1) the front and back magnetization chuck of defectoscope is pulled down;

8-2) exchanging the longitudinal magnetization coil with two is enclosed within respectively on the axle journal of front and back magnetization chuck mandrel according to correct outlet direction;

8-3) will magnetize chuck and reinstall defectoscope, the cushioning rubber peel is as the buffer insulation pad between magnetizing coil endoporus and mandrel.By this mode two interchange longitudinal magnetization coils are separately fixed on the mandrel of front and back magnetization chuck safely and reliably, prevent from producing between them the axial circumferential relative motion that reaches;

9) the defectoscope lathe bed partly connects up:

10) installation of the electric cabinet general supply of control and earthed system:

11) debugging:

Checking exchanges realization situation and the effect of longitudinal magnetization function, by transforming, except all functions that keep former defectoscope, the purpose of closed circuit yoke magnetization function has realized increasing exchanges, see Fig. 5, after exchanging longitudinal magnetization coil 14a and 14b energising, generation is along workpiece 1 magnetic field longitudinally, workpiece 1 is realized exchanging vertical closed circuit yoke magnetization, and this magnetic field has formed closed magnetic circuit by left magnetization chuck 2a, workpiece 1, right magnetization chuck 2b, right iron-core coil 3b, magnetic conduction guide rail 5, left coil iron core 3a, left magnetization chuck 2a.

Below further specify this beneficial effect of the invention by 2 correctional effect checking examples again:

Correctional effect checking example 1:

Certain live axle, its total length are 925mm, and the diameter maximum is φ 100mm.

Use the flaw detection of alternating current-direct current magnaflux before transforming, have 2 outstanding problems:

(1) because part length is longer, magnetization effect in part middle part is relatively poor, A ₁-30/100 normal sensibility test piece shows fuzzy.

(2) owing to adopting the direct current longitudinal magnetization, the magnetization degree of depth is darker, and workpiece size is larger in addition, causes workpiece remanent magnetism larger, and the demagnetization difficulty need to be demagnetized by special demagnetizer.

Use improved defectoscope that this part is detected a flaw, efficiently solve above-mentioned 2 problems:

(1) directly is installed on the magnetization chuck mandrel because increase by 2 interchange longitudinal magnetization coils of design, than former direct current longitudinal magnetization coil more near workpiece, can increase the effective magnetizing zone of magnetizing coil, effectively improve length than the magnetization effect of elongated workpieces; Add because the skin effect of alternating current can make longitudinal magnetic field effectively be distributed in surface of the work, the defective in its tooth bar and the spline structure is had higher Sensitivity.Paste A at the part middle part ₁Circumferential 1200A is adopted in-30/100 normal sensibility test piece, after vertically the magnetization current of 2600A magnetizes, and artificial slot magnetic particle indications complete display.Through the batch detection checking, prove that improved defectoscope can effectively detect the surface imperfection that is distributed in each position of this kind part, the piece test ability long for length is significantly increased.

(2) simultaneously, exactly because the longitudinal magnetization coil that increases adopts alternating current, because the skin effect of alternating current, the magnetization degree of depth is little, workpiece remanent magnetism reduces, greatly reduce the demagnetization difficulty of workpiece, in the machine demagnetization remanent magnetism has been dropped in the scope of technological requirement, greatly reduced detection labour intensity.

Correctional effect checking example 2:

Certain connecting rod, its length are 310mm, and big end hole diameter phi 76mm, microcephaly's bore dia are φ 40mm, and the maximum cross-section director directly is 120mm, and smallest cross-sectional director directly is 30mm, and big end hole adopts Split type structure, uses bolted.

Use the flaw detection of alternating current-direct current magnaflux before transforming, there are the following problems: because the piece surface complex structure, big end hole adopts Split type structure, changes of section is more, and sectional dimension changes greatly, contact area is little between end and the magnetic conduction chuck, cause the magnetic conduction weak effect of longitudinal magnetization, flux loss is serious, the detection sensitivity at part middle part is very low, the 8/50 normal sensibility test piece of C type is affixed on part bar section middle part, magnetizes with the theoretical normal magnetization standard of calculating, horizontal artificial cutting shows fuzzy.For making horizontal artificial cutting clear display strengthen the longitudinal magnetization electric current, then cause workpiece remanent magnetism to become large, the demagnetization difficulty, and can produce interference effect to circumferential magnetization magnetic field, impact is artificial cutting magnetization display effect longitudinally.

Use improved defectoscope that this part is detected a flaw, efficiently solve the problems referred to above:

The closed circuit yoke magnetization function of interchange of the present invention, skin effect at alternating current, can make longitudinal magnetic field effectively be distributed in surface of the work, the complexity that adapts to surface of the work changes, so for the piece surface complex structure, the part that changes of section is more, its detection sensitivity significantly improves, and adopts circumferential 600A, after vertically the magnetization current of 1500A magnetizes, no matter be affixed on the C type 8/50 normal sensibility test piece of bar section, be that laterally or longitudinally the equal clear display of artificial slot magnetic trace is complete.And workpiece remanent magnetism is less after the magnetization, and demagnetization easily.

The transformation embodiment that selects in this article in order to disclose purpose of the present invention currently thinks to suit, but will be appreciated that, the present invention is intended to comprise that all belong to all changes and the improvement of the interior embodiment of this design and the scope of the invention.Part not in the detailed description of the invention is prior art.

Claims (7)

1. one kind possesses the configuration device that exchanges closed circuit magnetizing function, comprise: magnetization chuck 2a and the 2b of the length of axial stretching, the guide rail 5 that the mild carbon steel that remanent magnetism is low is made, exchange circumferential magnetization transformer 7, direct current longitudinal magnetization coil 4a and 4b and magnetization iron core 3a and 3b, transmission and Workpiece clamping mechanical mechanism and the electric cabinet of control: described transmission and Workpiece clamping mechanical mechanism, comprise: have the right magnetization chuck base mechanically moving gear train 2d that makes workpiece 1 coarse positioning and pre-clamping, have the fine positioning and the final right Magnetization clip head clamping precision positioning control 2c of mechanism that clamps that make workpiece 1; It is characterized in that: also comprise: two exchange the longitudinal magnetization coil, exchange vertical transformer, interchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer, described two interchange longitudinal magnetization coil 14a and 14b are nested with respectively on the axle journal of front and back magnetization chuck 2a and 2b mandrel, and magnetize before and after being separately fixed on the mandrel of chuck 2a and 2b; The inductive coil of described interchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer is enclosed within and exchanges the secondary output of longitudinal magnetization current transformer wherein on the copper bar of an end, and copper bar is positioned at the inductive coil center that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization current transformer, and is fixed on the lathe bed; Described interchange longitudinal magnetization transformer 13 output terminals exchange the longitudinal magnetization coil by insulated cable with two and are connected in series; Exchange longitudinal magnetization transformer 13 input ends continuous with the output terminal that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization control system in the electric cabinet of control; Exchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer output terminal continuous with the feedback end that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization control system in the electric cabinet of control by cable;

Wherein, it is 70～80 mm that the mandrel of described magnetization chuck 2a and 2b axially stretches out the length that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization coil, and the axle diameter of magnetization chuck 2a and 2b is 100～180mm; And be provided with the buffer insulation pad between the mandrel of interchange longitudinal magnetization coil endoporus and magnetization chuck.

2. a kind of configuration device that exchanges closed circuit magnetizing function that possesses according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described interchange longitudinal magnetization coil endoporus is rubber pad with buffer insulation pad between the mandrel that magnetizes chuck.

3. a kind of configuration device that exchanges closed circuit magnetizing function that possesses according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described interchange longitudinal magnetization coil 14a and 14b, prevent the red copper material copper coin that coil is overheated when adopting energising, the copper coin sectional area is greater than 50mm * 5mm; Every coiling number of turn that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization coil: be 2～5 circles; Longitudinal magnetization coil total number of turns is set to 4～10 circles, maximum operating currenbt 3000～5000A, and magnetic potential is 10000～30000AT; And exchange the longitudinal magnetization coil and admittedly sealed the insulation crust of moulding by insulating material; The diameter of bore that exchanges the insulation crust of longitudinal magnetization coil is 110～190mm, and exchanging longitudinal magnetization coil insulation shell axial width dimension is 60～70mm.

4. a kind of configuration device that exchanges closed circuit magnetizing function that possesses according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: described interchange longitudinal magnetization control system; comprise: exchange longitudinal magnetization main circuit, control current circuit, holding circuit, feedback indicating circuit; described interchange longitudinal magnetization control current circuit adopts the control of silicion controlled voltage regulator circuit; the interchange longitudinal magnetization main circuit of control of silicion controlled voltage regulator circuit control with exchanges vertical transformer and links to each other, exchange vertical transformer output terminal and link to each other with the reometer that feeds back indicating circuit by exchanging the longitudinal magnetization current transformer.

5. a kind of configuration device that exchanges closed circuit magnetizing function that possesses according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described control electricity is provided with electrical control panel cashier's office in a shop, comprising: exchange the circumferential magnetization reometer, direct current longitudinal magnetization reometer, exchange the longitudinal magnetization reometer, the magnetization control knob, the demagnetization control knob, reset button, emergency stop push button, mode of magnetization selector switch, method of inspection selector switch, the alternating current-direct current selector switch, exchange the circumferential magnetization current adjusting knob, direct current longitudinal magnetization current adjusting knob, exchange the longitudinal magnetization current adjusting knob, power light.

6. one kind possesses the collocation method that exchanges closed circuit magnetizing function, and it is characterized in that: step is as follows:

1), selected alternating current-direct current magnaflux, comprising: have magnetization chuck that can axial stretching, guide rail that the good remanent magnetism of magnetic conduction that mild carbon steel is made is low, exchange circumferential magnetization transformer, direct current longitudinal magnetization coil and magnetization iron core, transmission and Workpiece clamping mechanical mechanism;

2) the interchange longitudinal magnetization transformer that, adopts is:

A. primary voltage is 220V or 380V

B. time level no-load voltage is 11V～19V;

C. capacity: the capacity of determining to exchange the longitudinal magnetization transformer according to specification capacity, sensing range, the actual user demand of former alternating current-direct current magnaflux; The circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 1000～3000A, the capacity that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization transformer is defined as 15～50kVA, the circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 4000～6000A, the capacity that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization transformer is defined as 40～80kVA, the circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 6000～10000A, and the capacity that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization transformer is defined as 70～110kVA;

D. install: will exchange the longitudinal magnetization transformer and be mounted on equipment lathe bed structure inside, and make the output copper bar towards the equipment rear side;

3) the interchange longitudinal magnetization coil that, adopts is:

A. the quantity that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization coil is 2;

B. the material of coil copper coin and specification: exchange the material selection red copper of the used copper coin of longitudinal magnetization coil winding, the copper coin sectional area is 50mm * 5mm, 60mm * 6mm or 60mm * 8mm;

C. determining the coiling number of turn of every coil according to the maximum output load current that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization transformer, is 2～5 circles;

D. exchange the longitudinal magnetization coil winding and well admittedly seal moulding with insulating material afterwards, the insulation crust internal diameter size of coil is 110～190mm, and coil insulation shell axial width dimension is 60～70mm;

E. install; The front and back magnetization chuck of defectoscope is pulled down, magnetized on the axle journal of chuck mandrel before and after two interchange longitudinal magnetization coils are enclosed within respectively; To magnetize chuck and reinstall defectoscope, and pass through the cushioning rubber peel as the gap between the mandrel of buffer insulation pad elimination interchange longitudinal magnetization coil endoporus and magnetization chuck, two interchange longitudinal magnetization coils are separately fixed at front and back safely and reliably magnetize on the mandrel of chuck;

4), adopt the electric control circuit of realizing exchanging vertical closed circuit magnetizing function:

A. have the required power supply load capacity of vertical closed circuit magnetization control circuit of interchange: the circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 1000～3000A, exchange the required power supply load capacity of vertical closed circuit magnetization control circuit and be defined as 15～50kVA, the circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 4000～6000A, exchange the required power supply load of vertical closed circuit magnetization control circuit and be defined as 40～80kVA, the circumferential magnetization electric current is the equipment of 6000～10000A, exchanges the required power supply load of vertical closed circuit magnetization control circuit and is defined as 70～110kVA;

B. has the magnetization current regulating circuit: exchange the longitudinal magnetization current regulating circuit and adopt the control of silicion controlled voltage regulator technology; Exchange longitudinal magnetization electric current indicator current table and carry out current sample by exchanging the longitudinal current mutual inductor;

C. the setting of holding circuit: comprising: system's over-voltage and over-current and short-circuit fault protection circuit; The short-circuit protection circuit of control loop; The function that exchanges longitudinal magnetization and direct current longitudinal magnetization is selected inter-lock circuit; The controllable silicon current foldback circuit; The controllable silicon overvoltage crowbar;

D. electrical control panel, electric mounting disc and the designing and making of cabinet is installed: the demand for control that satisfies what's new;

E. draw electric control theory figure and electric mounting disc arrangenent diagram;

4) the defectoscope lathe bed increases the wiring of electrical equipment:

5) electric control system is installed, and mounting electrical is joined dish, electrical control panel:

A. finish the electric dish of joining according to electrical schematic diagram, electrical equipment mounting disc arrangenent diagram.

7. the electrical control panel electrical equipment is installed fixing; Finish connection between the electrical equipment according to schematic diagram, connect with the output wiring terminal that is connected by switchboard of electrical power distribution disc elements;

6) interchange longitudinal magnetization current transformer is installed: the inductive coil that exchanges the longitudinal magnetization current transformer is passed exchange the wherein copper bar of an end of the secondary output of longitudinal magnetization current transformer, and make copper bar be positioned at the hub of a spool position, after adjusting the position, current transformer is fixed on the lathe bed;

7) debugging: checking exchange longitudinal magnetization function with performance former configuration;

A. before debugging, the wiring of at first comprehensive check circuit, insulation, ground protection and the fuse of electrical equipment;

B. control handle is placed initial position or zero-bit;

C. send electricity, check that voltage is normal;

D. input programmable logic controller PLC program;

E. verify the mode of magnetization, exchange the resultant magnetization that the circumferential magnetization of axially switching on adds the whole closed circuit longitudinal magnetization of alternating current yoke;

After the energising, two exchange the longitudinal magnetization coil and can produce along workpiece magnetic field longitudinally, workpiece is realized exchanging the closed magnetic circuit longitudinal magnetization, and this magnetic field becomes closed magnetic circuit by left magnetization chuck, workpiece, right magnetization chuck, right iron-core coil, magnetic conduction guide rail, left coil iron core, left Magnetization clip capitiform; Under the skin effect effect of alternating current, make longitudinal magnetization magnetic field be uniformly distributed in the surface of the work that complex structure, changes of section are many, length is long, flux loss is little, magnetize effective, detection sensitivity is high; And it is little to have the magnetization degree of depth, and workpiece remanent magnetism is little, and demagnetization is simple.

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