CN103323212A - Experimental device and method for simulating wellbore annulus drilling fluid flow characteristics - Google Patents
Experimental device and method for simulating wellbore annulus drilling fluid flow characteristics Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an experimental device and method for simulating wellbore annulus drilling fluid flow characteristics. The method includes the steps of simulating an wellbore annulus through an outer cylinder and a simulating drill rod and fixing the wellbore annulus on a supporting platen, driving the simulating drill rod to rotate through a rotating motor, controlling the rotating speed of the simulating drill rod, injecting mud into the wellbore annulus between the outer cylinder and the simulating drill rod through a mud pump, controlling the flow of the mud, controlling a lifting motor to adjust the angle between the supporting platen and the horizontal line, and controlling the drill rod eccentricity through a specially-made eccentric hole flange plate. According to the experimental device and method, the wellbore annulus drilling fluid flow characteristics can be simulated under different drill rod rotating speeds, different types of flow, different hole drift angles and different eccentric distances, requirements of different working conditions are met, the mud used for experiments can be repeatedly pumped into the wellbore annulus and recycled, and cost is saved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to drilling condition experimental study field, be specifically related to a kind of experimental provision and method of wellbore hole simulator annular space drilling liquid flow dynamic characteristic.
Background technology
Drilling fluid is the blood of drilling well, and very important effect is arranged in drilling engineering.Except cooling with lubricated drill bit and drill string, balance rock of borehole wall pressure, equilibrium strata pressure, effectively transmit the hydraulic power, its topmost effect is that landwaste is carried into ground from the shaft bottom, thereby keeps the shaft bottom cleaning, avoids the drill bit Repeated Cutting, reduce wear, raise the efficiency.And the flow state of the lifting of cutting grain and drilling fluid is closely related, and pressure and the velocity distribution of drilling fluid in mineshaft annulus determined whether can smoothly landwaste be carried into ground.In the actual engineering, return on can be smoothly in order to ensure landwaste, usually by increasing pump pressure, improving mud flow rate and realize.But at this moment, the pressure loss of drilling fluid in pit shaft increased; For the drilling fluid that belongs to non-Newtonian fluid, transformation has also taken place in its nowed forming, namely is transformed into turbulent flow from laminar flow, under the effect of drilling rod rotation, the eddy flow of mixed and disorderly turbulent fluctuation also may occur.Therefore, correctly grasping the flow characteristics of drilling fluid in pit shaft, rationally control pump pressure and flow, is to determine safe and efficient prerequisite of creeping into.
The foreign scholar has been flowed to the fluid in the annulus and has been done a lot of researchs, and people such as Nouri in 1993 have researched and analysed turbulent fluctuation eccentric and the aerial fluid of perpendicular rings with one heart by experiment and flowed, but does not consider the influence of annular space inner core rotation fluid flow.Nineteen ninety-five, Escudier and Gouldson experimental study have been analyzed central tube and have been rotated Newtonian fluid and the mobile influence of pseudoplastic fluid, have obtained the velocity profile under the different mobility status, point out that the fluid friction factor is the function of rate of flow of fluid.Domestic in the research aspect this generally by means of mathematical theory model or CFD simulation, experimental research achievements is less.
Drilling rod rotation, off-centre take place often in the actual well drilled process, and they are very remarkable to the influence of drilling liquid flow dynamic characteristic.In addition, inclined shaft, horizontal well also are common now hole structures, and different hole drift angles also can produce significant impact to the flow state of pit shaft inner fluid.Consider rod rotation speed, drilling rod off-centre, hole drift angle simultaneously, the hydraulic performance of drilling fluid in mineshaft annulus during appraisal drilling operation correctly.Therefore, provide a kind of experimental provision and the method that can simulate the mineshaft annulus drilling liquid flow dynamic characteristic under different hole drift angles, different eccentric throw, different rod rotation speed, the different flow condition to seem particularly necessary.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is, propose a kind of experimental provision and method of wellbore hole simulator annular space drilling liquid flow dynamic characteristic.
To achieve these goals, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
The present invention relates to a kind of experimental provision of wellbore hole simulator annular space drilling liquid flow dynamic characteristic, comprise urceolus, the simulation drilling rod, the hole ring flange, the support roller bearing, rotation motor, preceding pressure gauge, back pressure gauge, preceding shunt, back shunt, support platen, support bar, expansion link, lifter motor, flowmeter, steam piano, mud tank, the mud circulation valve, the mud transfer valve, the mud delivery valve, front wheel, rear wheel, wire rope, card is embraced, other hole, axis hole, the hole flange seat, the eccentric orfice ring flange, inclined to one side flange axis hole, the other hole of inclined to one side flange, inclined to one side flange seat, the rotation motor seat, the support roller shaft seat.Urceolus is made by transparent toughened glass, pressure gauge and back pressure gauge before two ends are provided with; Be provided with the simulation drilling rod in the middle of the urceolus, the simulation two ends of drill links to each other with the support roller bearing with rotation motor respectively; Shunt and back shunt before the urceolus two ends are connected with respectively by flange, and the two ends flange connections is provided with hole ring flange or eccentric orfice ring flange; Preceding shunt links to each other with steam piano by flexible pipe, and preceding shunt front end is provided with a flowmeter, is provided with a mud transfer valve between flowmeter and the steam piano; Back shunt links to each other by flexible pipe with mud tank, is provided with a mud delivery valve between the two; Mud tank links to each other with steam piano by flexible pipe, is provided with a mud circulation valve between the two; Hole ring flange or eccentric orfice ring flange lower end, rotation motor lower end and support roller bearing lower end are respectively equipped with hole flange seat or partially flange seat, rotation motor seat, support roller shaft seat, hole flange seat or flange seat, rotation motor seat, support roller shaft seat all are connected and fixed on by screw and support on the platen partially; Support the platen two ends and be provided with front wheel and rear wheel, wire rope is fixedly arranged on the rear wheel, wire rope is fixed on the lifter motor by behind the front wheel; Support the platen bottom and be provided with support bar and expansion link.
The experimental provision of described a kind of wellbore hole simulator annular space drilling liquid flow dynamic characteristic can provide a kind of experimental technique of wellbore hole simulator annular space drilling liquid flow dynamic characteristic, its detailed process is as follows: at first, eccentric throw δ selecting hole ring flange or the eccentric orfice ring flange required according to experiment, in urceolus, place the simulation drilling rod, and be equipped with package unit; Then, control lifter motor and expansion link are regulated and are supported platen and horizontal line angulation; Open mud circulation valve, mud transfer valve and mud delivery valve, open steam piano and in the annular space between simulation drilling rod and the urceolus, pump into mud; Mud enters annular space after via preceding shunt rectification, by being compiled by the back shunt again behind the annular space, drains in the mud tank by flexible pipe then; Regulate control mud input flow rate by the mud transfer valve, read the mud stream value from flowmeter, and record; After treating that mud forms stable circulation, open rotation motor, drive the rotation of simulation drilling rod, adjust rotation motor with control simulation rod rotation speed, and the record rotating speed; Pressure gauge and back pressure gauge reading before observing are treated the stable back of reading record force value.
The support platen of described device and horizontal line angulation range of adjustment are 0 °～90 °.
Have axis hole and other hole on the hole ring flange of described device, have inclined to one side flange axis hole and the other hole of inclined to one side flange on the eccentric orfice ring flange.
The eccentric throw δ at the relative opening ring flange axis hole center, inclined to one side flange axis hole center on the eccentric orfice ring flange of described device is according to the eccentric degree processing and manufacturing of actual experiment needs.
The outer drum outer wall of described device is provided with a card and embraces, and is connected in by screw and supports on the platen.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1, the present invention is workable, and can experimental simulation different hole drift angles, different eccentric throw, different rod rotation speed, different flow well-sinking annular space drilling liquid flow dynamic characteristic have satisfied the requirement of different operating modes.
2, the used mud of experiment can circulate and pump into, uses repeatedly, saves cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention integral layout synoptic diagram
Fig. 2 is hole ring flange and eccentric orfice ring flange synoptic diagram
Fig. 3 is preceding shunt and rotation motor relative tertiary location synoptic diagram
Fig. 4 is back shunt and support roller bearing relative tertiary location synoptic diagram
Fig. 5 is preceding shunt and outer drum flange connection diagram
Wherein, 1. urceolus, 2. simulation drilling rod, 3. hole ring flange, 4. support roller bearing, 5. rotation motor, 6. preceding pressure gauge, 7. pressure gauge after, 8. preceding shunt, 9. shunt after, 10. support platen, 11. support bar, 12. expansion link, 13. lifter motor, 14. flowmeter, 15. steam piano, 16. mud tank, 17. mud circulation valve, 18. mud transfer valve, 19. mud delivery valve, 20. front wheel, 21. rear wheel, 22. wire rope, 23. card is embraced, 24. other hole, 25. axis hole, 26. hole flange seat, 27. eccentric orfice ring flange, 28. inclined to one side flange axis hole, 29. the other hole of inclined to one side flange, 30. inclined to one side flange seat, 31. rotation motor seat, 32. support roller shaft seat.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, concrete enforcement of the present invention is further described.
The present invention relates to a kind of experimental provision of wellbore hole simulator annular space drilling liquid flow dynamic characteristic, comprise urceolus 1, simulation drilling rod 2, hole ring flange 3, support roller bearing 4, rotation motor 5, preceding pressure gauge 6, back pressure gauge 7, preceding shunt 8, back shunt 9, support platen 10, support bar 11, expansion link 12, lifter motor 13, flowmeter 14, steam piano 15, mud tank 16, mud circulation valve 17, mud transfer valve 18, mud delivery valve 19, front wheel 20, rear wheel 21, wire rope 22, card embraces 23, other hole 24, axis hole 25, hole flange seat 26, eccentric orfice ring flange 27, inclined to one side flange axis hole 28, the other hole 29 of inclined to one side flange, inclined to one side flange seat 30, rotation motor seat 31, support roller shaft seat 32.
As shown in Figure 1, urceolus 1 is made by transparent toughened glass, and pressure gauge 6 and back pressure gauge 7 before two ends are provided with are used for measuring the force value after the mud steady flow; Be provided with simulation drilling rod 2 in the middle of the urceolus 1, simulation drilling rod 2 two ends link to each other with support roller bearing 4 with rotation motor 5 respectively, drive simulation drilling rod 2 by rotation motor 5 and rotate, and support roller bearing 4 provides support for simulation drilling rod 2; Shunt 8 and back shunt 9 before urceolus 1 two ends are connected with respectively by flange, and shunt 8 was connected as shown in Figure 5 with urceolus 1 flange before the two ends flange connections was provided with hole ring flange 3 or eccentric orfice ring flange 27(, back shunt 9 is connected similar with preceding shunt 8 with urceolus 1 with urceolus 1 flange connection), the locus that connects the preceding shunt 8 in back and rotation motor 5, and the locus of back shunt 9 and support roller bearing 4 is respectively shown in Fig. 3 and 4; Preceding shunt 8 links to each other with steam piano 15 by flexible pipe, preceding shunt 8 front ends are provided with a flowmeter 14, be provided with a mud transfer valve 18 between flowmeter 14 and the steam piano 15, import mud flow rates by regulating 18 controls of mud transfer valve, and read the mud stream value by flowmeter 14; Back shunt 9 and mud tank 16 link to each other by flexible pipe, are provided with a mud delivery valve 19 between the two; Mud tank 16 links to each other with steam piano 15 by flexible pipe, is provided with a mud circulation valve 17 between the two; Hole ring flange 3 or eccentric orfice ring flange 27 lower ends, rotation motor 5 lower ends and support roller bearing 4 lower ends are respectively equipped with hole flange seat 26 or partially flange seat 30, rotation motor seat 31, support roller shaft seat 32, hole flange seat 26 or flange seat 30, rotation motor seat 31, support roller shaft seat 32 all are connected and fixed on by screw and support on the platen 10 partially; Support platen 10 two ends and be provided with front wheel 20 and rear wheel 21, wire rope 22 is fixedly arranged on the rear wheel 21, wire rope 22 is fixed on the lifter motor 13 by behind the front wheel 20, drives lifting and the decline of supporting platen 10 by lifter motor 13; Support platen 10 bottoms and be provided with support bar 11 and expansion link 12; By the cooperation of lifter motor 13 and expansion link 12, can realize supporting the multi-angle adjusting of platen 10; Support platen 10 and the horizontal line angulation range of adjustment of described device are 0 °～90 °; Shown in Fig. 2 (A), have axis hole 25 and other hole 24 on the hole ring flange 3, shown in Fig. 2 (B), have inclined to one side flange axis hole 28 and the other hole 29 of inclined to one side flange on the eccentric orfice ring flange 27; As shown in Figure 2, the eccentric throw δ at the 28 center relative opening ring flanges of the inclined to one side flange axis hole on the eccentric orfice ring flange 27 of described device, 3 axis holes, 25 centers is according to the eccentric degree processing and manufacturing of actual experiment needs; Described device urceolus 1 outer wall is provided with a card and embraces 23, is connected in by screw and supports on the platen 10.
The experimental provision of described a kind of wellbore hole simulator annular space drilling liquid flow dynamic characteristic can provide a kind of experimental technique of wellbore hole simulator annular space drilling liquid flow dynamic characteristic, its detailed process is as follows: at first, eccentric throw δ selecting hole ring flange 3 or the eccentric orfice ring flange 17 required according to experiment, in urceolus 1, place simulation drilling rod 2, and be equipped with package unit; Then, control lifter motor 13 and expansion link 12 are regulated and are supported platen 10 and horizontal line angulation; Open mud circulation valve 17, mud transfer valve 18 and mud delivery valve 19, open steam piano 15 and in the annular space between simulation drilling rod 2 and the urceolus 1, pump into mud; Mud enters annular space after via preceding shunt 8 rectifications, by being compiled by back shunt 9 again behind the annular space, drains in the mud tank 16 by flexible pipe then; Regulate control mud input flow rate by mud transfer valve 18, read the mud stream value from flowmeter 14, and record; After treating that mud forms stable circulation, open rotation motor 5, drive 2 rotations of simulation drilling rod, adjust rotation motor 5 with control simulation drilling rod 2 rotating speeds, and the record rotating speed; Pressure gauge 6 and back pressure gauge 7 readings before observing are treated the stable back of reading record force value.
During Simulated Water horizontal well section drilling condition well-sinking annular space drilling liquid flow dynamic characteristic, at first, regulating support platen 10 by control lifter motor 13 and expansion link 12 is 0 ° with the horizontal line angulation; Then, open mud circulation valve 17, mud transfer valve 18 and mud delivery valve 19, open steam piano 15 and in the annular space between simulation drilling rod 2 and the urceolus 1, pump into mud; Mud enters annular space after via preceding shunt 8 rectifications, by being compiled by back shunt 9 again behind the annular space, drains in the mud tank 16 by flexible pipe then; Regulate control mud input flow rate by mud transfer valve 18, read the mud stream value from flowmeter 14, and record; After treating that mud forms stable circulation, open rotation motor 5, drive 2 rotations of simulation drilling rod, adjust rotation motor 5 with control simulation drilling rod 2 rotating speeds, and the record rotating speed; Pressure gauge 6 and back pressure gauge 7 readings before observing are treated the stable back of reading record force value.Simulate the rotating speed of drilling rods 2 by regulating rotation motor 5 controls, and the aperture control mud input flow rate of regulating mud transfer valve 18, the simulated experiment of lateral segment mineshaft annulus drilling liquid flow dynamic characteristic under different rod rotation speeds, the different flow condition can be carried out.
During simulation perpendicular hole section drilling condition well-sinking annular space drilling liquid flow dynamic characteristic, at first, regulating support platen 10 by control lifter motor 13 and expansion link 12 is 90 ° with the horizontal line angulation; Then, open mud circulation valve 17, mud transfer valve 18 and mud delivery valve 19, open steam piano 15 and in the annular space between simulation drilling rod 2 and the urceolus 1, pump into mud; Mud enters annular space after via preceding shunt 8 rectifications, by being compiled by back shunt 9 again behind the annular space, drains in the mud tank 16 by flexible pipe then; Regulate control mud input flow rate by mud transfer valve 18, read the mud stream value from flowmeter 14, and record; After treating that mud forms stable circulation, open rotation motor 5, drive 2 rotations of simulation drilling rod, adjust rotation motor 5 with control simulation drilling rod 2 rotating speeds, and the record rotating speed; Pressure gauge 6 and back pressure gauge 7 readings before observing are treated the stable back of reading record force value.Simulate the rotating speed of drilling rods 2 by regulating rotation motor 5 controls, and the aperture control mud input flow rate of regulating mud transfer valve 18, the simulated experiment of perpendicular hole section mineshaft annulus drilling liquid flow dynamic characteristic under different rod rotation speeds, the different flow condition can be carried out.
During simulation lower curved section drilling condition well-sinking annular space drilling liquid flow dynamic characteristic, at first, regulating support platen 10 by control lifter motor 13 and expansion link 12 is a certain acute angle angle with the horizontal line angulation; Then, open mud circulation valve 17, mud transfer valve 18 and mud delivery valve 19, open steam piano 15 and in the annular space between simulation drilling rod 2 and the urceolus 1, pump into mud; Mud enters annular space after via preceding shunt 8 rectifications, by being compiled by back shunt 9 again behind the annular space, drains in the mud tank 16 by flexible pipe then; Regulate control mud input flow rate by mud transfer valve 18, read the mud stream value from flowmeter 14, and record; After treating that mud forms stable circulation, open rotation motor 5, drive 2 rotations of simulation drilling rod, adjust rotation motor 5 with control simulation drilling rod 2 rotating speeds, and the record rotating speed; Pressure gauge 6 and back pressure gauge 7 readings before observing are treated the stable back of reading record force value.By regulating the rotating speed of rotation motor 5 control simulation drilling rods 2, and the aperture control mud input flow rate of regulating mud transfer valve 18, can carry out the simulated experiment of a certain acute angle angle lower curved section mineshaft annulus drilling liquid flow dynamic characteristic under different rod rotation speeds, the different flow condition.
Specific embodiment 4
Mineshaft annulus drilling liquid flow dynamic characteristic when there is off-centre in drilling rod under the simulation drilling condition, at first, the eccentric throw δ required according to experiment selects eccentric orfice ring flange 27, and original hole ring flange 3 is replaced by eccentric orfice ring flange 27 in will installing; Then, according to the well bore angle of requirement of experiment reflection, regulate support platen 10 and horizontal line angulation by control lifter motor 13 and expansion link 12; Then, open mud circulation valve 17, mud transfer valve 18 and mud delivery valve 19, open steam piano 15 and in the annular space between simulation drilling rod 2 and the urceolus 1, pump into mud; Mud enters annular space after via preceding shunt 8 rectifications, by being compiled by back shunt 9 again behind the annular space, drains in the mud tank 16 by flexible pipe then; Regulate control mud input flow rate by mud transfer valve 18, read the mud stream value from flowmeter 14, and record; After treating that mud forms stable circulation, open rotation motor 5, drive 2 rotations of simulation drilling rod, adjust rotation motor 5 with control simulation drilling rod 2 rotating speeds, and the record rotating speed; Pressure gauge 6 and back pressure gauge 7 readings before observing are treated the stable back of reading record force value.By regulating the rotating speed of rotation motor 5 control simulation drilling rods 2, and the aperture control mud input flow rate of regulating mud transfer valve 18, can carry out the simulated experiment of the mineshaft annulus drilling liquid flow dynamic characteristic when there is off-centre in drilling rod under different rod rotation speeds, the different flow condition.
Claims (5)
1. the experimental provision of a wellbore hole simulator annular space drilling liquid flow dynamic characteristic comprises urceolus (1), simulation drilling rod (2), hole ring flange (3), support roller bearing (4), rotation motor (5), preceding pressure gauge (6), back pressure gauge (7), preceding shunt (8), back shunt (9), support platen (10), support bar (11), expansion link (12), lifter motor (13), flowmeter (14), steam piano (15), mud tank (16), mud circulation valve (17), mud transfer valve (18), mud delivery valve (19), front wheel (20), rear wheel (21), wire rope (22), card is embraced (23), other hole (24), axis hole (25), hole flange seat (26), eccentric orfice ring flange (27), inclined to one side flange axis hole (28), the other hole (29) of inclined to one side flange, inclined to one side flange seat (30), rotation motor seat (31), support roller shaft seat (32); It is characterized in that urceolus (1) is made by transparent toughened glass, two ends are provided with preceding pressure gauge (6) and back pressure gauge (7); Be provided with simulation drilling rod (2) in the middle of the urceolus (1), simulation drilling rod (2) two ends link to each other with support roller bearing (4) with rotation motor (5) respectively; Urceolus (1) two ends are connected with preceding shunt (8) and back shunt (9) respectively by flange, and the two ends flange connections is provided with hole ring flange (3) or eccentric orfice ring flange (27); Preceding shunt (8) links to each other with steam piano (15) by flexible pipe, and preceding shunt (8) front end is provided with a flowmeter (14), is provided with a mud transfer valve (18) between flowmeter (14) and the steam piano (15); Back shunt (9) links to each other by flexible pipe with mud tank (16), is provided with a mud delivery valve (19) between the two; Mud tank (16) links to each other with steam piano (15) by flexible pipe, is provided with a mud circulation valve (17) between the two; Hole ring flange (3) or eccentric orfice ring flange (27) lower end, rotation motor (5) lower end and support roller bearing (4) lower end are respectively equipped with hole flange seat (26) or partially flange seat (30), rotation motor seat (31), support roller shaft seat (32), hole flange seat (26) or flange seat (30), rotation motor seat (31), support roller shaft seat (32) all are connected and fixed on by screw and support on the platen (10) partially; Support platen (10) two ends and be provided with front wheel (20) and rear wheel (21), rear wheel (21) is gone up fixedly wire rope (22), and wire rope (22) is fixed on the lifter motor (13) by behind the front wheel (20); Support platen (10) bottom and be provided with support bar (11) and expansion link (12).
2. the experimental technique of a wellbore hole simulator annular space drilling liquid flow dynamic characteristic, its detailed process is as follows: at first, eccentric throw δ selecting hole ring flange (3) or the eccentric orfice ring flange (27) required according to experiment place simulation drilling rod (2), and are equipped with package unit in urceolus (1); Then, control lifter motor (13) and expansion link (12) are regulated and are supported platen (10) and horizontal line angulation; Open mud circulation valve (17), mud transfer valve (18) and mud delivery valve (19), open steam piano (15) and in the annular space between simulation drilling rod (2) and the urceolus (1), pump into mud; Mud enters annular space after via preceding shunt (8) rectification, by being compiled by back shunt (9) again behind the annular space, drains in the mud tank (16) by flexible pipe then; Regulate control mud input flow rate by mud transfer valve (18), read the mud stream value from flowmeter (14), and record; After treating that mud forms stable circulation, open rotation motor (5), drive simulation drilling rod (2) rotation, adjust rotation motor (5) with control simulation drilling rod (2) rotating speed, and the record rotating speed; Pressure gauge (6) and back pressure gauge (7) reading before observing are treated the stable back of reading record force value.
3. the experimental provision of a kind of wellbore hole simulator annular space drilling liquid flow dynamic characteristic according to claim 1 is characterized in that, supporting platen (10) is 0 °～90 ° with horizontal line angulation range of adjustment.
4. the experimental provision of a kind of wellbore hole simulator annular space drilling liquid flow dynamic characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, have axis hole (25) and other hole (24) on the hole ring flange (3), have inclined to one side flange axis hole (28) and the other hole (29) of inclined to one side flange on the eccentric orfice ring flange (27).
5. according to the experimental provision of claim 1 or 4 described a kind of wellbore hole simulator annular space drilling liquid flow dynamic characteristics, it is characterized in that the eccentric throw δ at inclined to one side flange axis hole (28) center relative opening ring flange (3) axis hole (25) center on the eccentric orfice ring flange (27) of described device is according to the eccentric degree processing and manufacturing of actual experiment needs.
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| CN104863541B (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2017-07-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Cemented experimental method in one kind simulation well cementing process |
| CN104863541A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-08-26 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Experimental method of simulating cementing in well cementation process |
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Application publication date: 20130925 |