CN102305021B - Experimental method for simulating dynamic mechanics characteristic of underground drilling rig of air well drilling - Google Patents
Experimental method for simulating dynamic mechanics characteristic of underground drilling rig of air well drilling Download PDFInfo
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- CN102305021B CN102305021B CN 201110221662 CN201110221662A CN102305021B CN 102305021 B CN102305021 B CN 102305021B CN 201110221662 CN201110221662 CN 201110221662 CN 201110221662 A CN201110221662 A CN 201110221662A CN 102305021 B CN102305021 B CN 102305021B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental method for simulating dynamic mechanics characteristic of underground drilling rig of air well drilling, which is characterized in that a rotary system is arranged on the upper part of a derrick to provide rotary torque and drilling torque for a drill stem; the bottom of a drill is provided with an excitation system to provide drilling pressure and a random vibration excitation signal; the sizes of the drill stem, a shaft and the drill are selected according to on-site common well body structure size by the similarity principle; the shaft is provided with a monitoring system, drilling well fluid medium flow state observation and the dynamic mechanical behavior measurement while drilling of the drilling rig can be carried out in a simulated drilling process; each system is fixed on a positioned derrick with a rotatable angle to regulate the inclining angle of the derrick, and thus the dynamic mechanics characteristic simulation experiment of the drilling rig can be realized at different well inclining angles. The experimental method is suitable for the dynamics research of underground drilling rigs of petroleum and natural gas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates in a kind of simulated air drilling process the down-hole equipment Dynamic mechanical property experimental technique under the real well operating mode.
Background technology
Air drilling refers to air or the gas drilling technology as the circulatory mediator cutting carring, is mainly used in the rate of penetration and the non-Reservoir Section generation leakage of control that improve non-Reservoir Section.It is a practical drilling technology that improves bit speed, shortening drilling period, reduces drilling cost that this technology is known as by drilling well circle both at home and abroad.But with respect to the drilling fluid drilling well, serious drilling tool failure is one of serious problems of air drilling initiation.
The damping vibration attenuation function of gas is less during air drilling, and drill string vibration is more violent, during resonance the collision of drilling tool and the borehole wall also more serious, cross-bending stress exceeds its fatigue strength in the drilling tool, finally causes the drilling tool fatigue failure.Therefore, the air drilling tool inefficacy is a system dynamics problem that relates to drill string, drill bit, rock and drilling well circulatory mediator.Carry out the drill string dynamics research under the air drilling environment, help to understand fully the air drilling tool failure mechanism, find out the concrete measure of prevention drilling tool failure.
To the dynamic (dynamical) research of drilling tool, mainly be to carry out from both direction at present: the one, by down-hole equipment being set up suitable kinetic model and with Mathematical Method it being carried out theoretical research; Study in conjunction with laboratory experiment by field data exactly on the other hand.Mathematical Modeling can obtain each kinetic parameter accurately by analytic method, but Mathematical Modeling is to be based upon on certain assumed condition, and finds the solution by the definition fringe conditions, so that result of calculation and physical presence relatively large deviation.Because each oil well cylinder size is different, and the excursion of drilling parameter is large, the data of actual measurement certainly will vary, and can't mutually compare.And existing simulating lab test device, to adopt engineering plastics simulation drill string and the easy device set up mostly, can't simulate the dynamics of drill string under air, water or the landwaste acting in conjunction of reality, also can't simulate drill string at the dynamics of horizontal well or high angle hole lower drill, especially can not simulate the erosion corrosion of drill string under gas, liquid and the solids mixing fluid of true annular space.
Therefore, simulated experiment how to carry out the down-hole equipment Dynamic mechanical property is spudder author institute problems of concern with gearing to actual circumstances.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is, propose a kind of experimental technique of simulating dynamic mechanics characteristic of underground drilling rig of air well drilling.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
Adopt the derrick of an angle rotatable and location, in order to realize the simulation of creeping under the different hole angles (0-90 °); At derrick pit shaft is set, drill string is placed among the pit shaft, link at drill bit bottom arrangement excitation system and with pit shaft, excitation system and pit shaft are installed on the guide rail of derrick and can slide up and down along guide rail, not only for the pressure of the drill of certain limit is provided in the analogic drilling process, and provide the random vibration signal that produces in the simulation downhole drill bit course of work; The size of drill string, pit shaft and drill bit all designs by similarity principle by scene casing programme size commonly used, consists of the real system of energy simulated field air drilling; On derrick top one motor is set, motor and gear link, by the gear drive drill string rotating; The circulating system comprises drill string, pit shaft and ground medium feed system, ground medium feed system is comprised of slush pump, compressor, gas-liquid mixing machine and sand-filling device etc., the circulatory mediator that the gas, liquid or solid of different proportion of can providing and delivering mixes is with the different component of simulated field drilling well circulatory mediator; Be mounted with monitoring system on the pit shaft, make in the analogic drilling process and can carry out drilling tool dynamic characteristic measurement while drilling, various data finally transfer to the data collecting system on ground in the monitoring system; The Surface power drive system provides power for the rotation of derrick.
Advantage of the present invention is:
(1) derrick can be adjusted different angle of inclination and fixing, realizes creeping under the different hole angles, but the down-hole equipment Dynamic mechanical property under the analog directional well, horizontal well operating mode;
(2) can apply the combined loads such as axial load, moment of flexure, moment of torsion, oscillating load, and the Dynamic mechanical property of simulation drill string under air, water or the landwaste acting in conjunction of reality;
(3) excitation system provides different the pressure of the drill also can measure the extensional vibration pumping signal of drill bit;
(4) be provided with monitoring system on the pit shaft, can realize the measurement while drilling of the observation of drilling medium fluidised form and drill string Dynamic mechanical property;
(5) can the provide and deliver gas of different proportion, the circulatory mediator of liquid or solid fluid-mixing of ground medium feed system is with the drilling well circulatory mediator of simulated field different component;
(6) pit shaft and drill string are detachable, can carry out fatigue damage detection and corrosion detection to drilling tool after the finishing drilling dismounting.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is excitation system schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is monitoring system front view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is monitoring system top view of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, describe the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, adopt the derrick 11 of an angle rotatable and location, in order to realize the simulation of creeping under the different hole angles (0-90 °); At derrick 11 pit shaft 5 is set, drill string 4 is placed among the pit shaft 5, link at drill bit 7 bottoms arrangement excitation system 8 and with pit shaft 5, excitation system 8 and pit shaft 5 are installed on the guide rail of derrick 11 and can slide up and down along guide rail, not only for the pressure of the drill of certain limit is provided in the analogic drilling process, and provide the random vibration signal that produces in the simulation downhole drill bit course of work; The size of drill string 4, pit shaft 5 and drill bit 7 all designs by similarity principle by scene casing programme size commonly used, consists of the real system of energy simulated field air drilling; On derrick 11 tops one motor 2 is set, motor 2 links with gear 3, drives drill string 4 rotations by gear 3; The circulating system comprises drill string 4, pit shaft 5 and ground medium feed system 9, ground medium feed system 9 is comprised of slush pump, compressor, gas-liquid mixing machine and sand-filling device etc., the circulatory mediator that the gas, liquid or solid of different proportion of can providing and delivering mixes is with the different component of simulated field drilling well circulatory mediator; Be mounted with monitoring system 6 on the pit shaft 5, make in the analogic drilling process and can carry out drilling tool dynamic characteristic measurement while drilling, various data finally transfer to the data collecting system 10 on ground in the monitoring system 6; Surface power drive system 12 provides power for the rotation of derrick 11.
Referring to Fig. 2, drill string 4 connects with drill bit 7; 14 are positioned over steel cylinder 13 inside at the bottom of the simulation well, drill bit 7 lower ends; The pressure of the drill that vibrator 16 produces is applied at the bottom of the simulation well on 14 by pressure sensor 15, and passes to drill bit 7 and drill string 4, for drill string 4 provides the pressure of the drill.14 materials that adopt are true rock, Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste or steel plate at the bottom of the described simulation well.
Referring to Fig. 3,4, at pit shaft 5 side windowing 17 is set, with the drilling medium flow regime in the observation pit shaft 5; Place four vortex induction devices 18 at side windowing 17 diverse locations, in order to measure vertical, horizontal vibration and the twisting vibration of drill string 4.Vortex induction device 18 is with horizontal two, vertical two combining structure setting.The opening angle of side windowing 17 is α, and its span is: 45～80 °.The material that side windowing 17 adopts is organic glass.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention arranges pit shaft 5 at derrick 11 in use, and drill string 4 is placed among the pit shaft 5, settle excitation system 8 in drill bit 7 bottoms and link with pit shaft 5, excitation system 8 and pit shaft 5 are installed on the guide rail of derrick 11 and can slide up and down along guide rail; Drill string 4, pit shaft 5 and ground medium feed system 9 are connected, consist of the circulating system; On derrick 11 tops one motor 2 is set, motor 2 links with gear 3, drives drill string 4 rotations by gear 3; Open again Surface power drive system 12, adjust the angle of inclination of derrick 11 according to requirement of experiment.
Can observe easily drilling medium flow regime in the pit shaft 5 by side windowing 17, oscillation crosswise, extensional vibration and twisting vibration that the vortex induction device 18 of settling on the side windowing 17 can record drill string 4, the measured value of vortex induction device 18 is passed ground data gathering system 10 back and is carried out Treatment Analysis.
After experiment finishes, adopt the opposite step of said process to take off drill string 4 and pit shaft 5, can carry out the fatigue damage detection and corrode detecting to drill string 4 and drill bit 7.
Claims (3)
1. the experimental technique of a simulating dynamic mechanics characteristic of underground drilling rig of air well drilling is characterized in that: adopt the derrick (11) of an angle rotatable and location, in order to realize the simulation of creeping under 0-90 ° the different hole angles; At derrick (11) pit shaft (5) is set, drill string (4) is placed among the pit shaft (5), link at drill bit (7) bottom arrangement excitation system (8) and with pit shaft (5), excitation system (8) and pit shaft (5) are installed on the guide rail of derrick (11) and can slide up and down along guide rail, not only for the pressure of the drill of certain limit is provided in the analogic drilling process, and provide the random vibration signal that produces in the simulation downhole drill bit course of work; The size of drill string (4), pit shaft (5) and drill bit (7) all designs by similarity principle by scene well depth physical dimension commonly used, consists of the real system of energy simulated field air drilling; On derrick (11) top one motor (2) is set, motor (2) links with gear (3), drives drill string (4) rotation by gear (3); The circulating system comprises drill string (4), pit shaft (5) and ground medium feed system (9), and the gas of ground medium feed system (9) dispensing different proportion, the circulatory mediator that liquid or solid mixes are with the different component of simulated field drilling well circulatory mediator; Being mounted with monitoring system (6) on the pit shaft (5), is can carry out drilling tool Dynamic mechanical property measurement while drilling in the analogic drilling process, and various data finally transfer to the data collecting system (10) on ground in the monitoring system (6); Surface power drive system (12) provides power for the rotation of derrick (11).
2. the experimental technique of a kind of simulating dynamic mechanics characteristic of underground drilling rig of air well drilling as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described derrick (11) can be realized 0-90 ° rotation and fixing.
3. the experimental technique of a kind of simulating dynamic mechanics characteristic of underground drilling rig of air well drilling as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: monitoring system (6) comprises side windowing (17), vortex induction device (18), side windowing (17) is arranged on the pit shaft (5), vertical, horizontal in side windowing (17) respectively arranges two vortex induction devices (18).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201110221662 CN102305021B (en) | 2011-08-04 | 2011-08-04 | Experimental method for simulating dynamic mechanics characteristic of underground drilling rig of air well drilling |
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| CN 201110221662 CN102305021B (en) | 2011-08-04 | 2011-08-04 | Experimental method for simulating dynamic mechanics characteristic of underground drilling rig of air well drilling |
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| CN102305021A CN102305021A (en) | 2012-01-04 |
| CN102305021B true CN102305021B (en) | 2013-04-10 |
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