CN103317218A - Double-sided dual-narrow-gap non-back-gouging welding method for large thick plates - Google Patents
Double-sided dual-narrow-gap non-back-gouging welding method for large thick plates Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-sided dual-narrow-gap non-back-gouging welding method for large thick plates. The double-sided dual-narrow-gap non-back-gouging welding method comprises the steps as follows: splicing large thick plates into a double-sided narrow-gap groove, wherein the groove angle is 0-1 degree, the truncated edge at the root part of the groove is 2-4 mm, and the gap of the groove is 10-20 mm, performing double-sided backing welding in a staggered manner, wherein a first welding gun and a second welding gun are crossed at the front part and the back part of double sides, and the welding arc interval f of the first welding gun and the second welding gun is 20-50 mm, performing simultaneous vertical position welding and filling on the double sides, wherein the first welding gun and the second welding gun perform synchronous welding on the front side and the back side, and perform double-sided filling at the same time, and performing slow-cooling and postheat treatment, wherein in the processes of double-sided backing welding in a staggered manner and simultaneous double-sided vertical position welding and filling, gun heads of the first welding gun and the second welding gun swing to control the swinging width and the side wall retention time, so as to ensure good fusion of the side wall, and control the welding heat input through controlling the welding speed and welding parameters. According to the invention, compared with traditional welding, the production efficiency is improved by more than 10-15 times, the welding filling amount is reduced to 0.7-0.8 times, back gouging by carbon is not needed, and the manner of one layer for one welding without angular deformation is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the manufacture of steel structure field, more particularly, relate to the welding technology field of large slab.
Background technology
Large slab high-strength steel structure extensive use in the ocean weight equipments such as marine engineering equipment, bridge spanning the sea, naval vessel, Wind Power Plant at Sea.As: drilling platforms, wind turbine installation vessel and jackstone leveling ship spud leg tooth bar Steel material are Q690 or A514 steel, thickness of slab 120～170mm etc.The large thick plates of tradition adopts manual electric arc welding and semi-automatic welding more, multi-pass welding, and welding efficiency is low; In design and construction for asymmetric groove, weld preheating, first weld front groove, from the negative carbon arc air gouging back chipping, channeling, polishing, weld after the preheating again.Operation is many, and the production cycle is long, and production efficiency is low, and labor strength is large, and production environment is abominable; The rigidity of large-scale steel structure is large, and residual stress and stress relief annealing that Produced after Welding is very high are had any problem, and somewhat expensive is in case distortion is difficult to proofread and correct.
In order to solve the shortcomings such as large thick plates inefficiency, welding deformation, welding material consumption be large; at present large slab narrow gap welding progressively begins to use; such as narrow-clearance submerged arc welding, the active gas shielded arc welding of narrow gap etc., narrow gap welding has improved welding production efficiency, saves welding material.
CN102275029A, it is vertical to welding method that the Chinese patent application that is entitled as " rocking arc narrow clearance melting electrode gas shield vertical to welding method " has disclosed a kind of rocking arc narrow clearance melting electrode gas shield, with the metalwork slab be assembled into the I type, the gap is that 12～16mm stands to groove to be welded; Different according to the gap of groove to be welded and weld seam passage, select first gas shielding condition, setting electric arc shakes frequency, electric arc shakes amplitude, the electric arc sidewall time of staying, pulse welding average arc electric current, average arc voltage, speed of welding, dry extension of electrode, and matches the little curved conducting rod of suitable bending angle; Welding torch makes progress with the speed of welding integral vertical or vertical moving down, and under weld seam free forming state, realizes that in every layer of single track multilayer welding mode the rocking arc narrow clearance melting electrode gas shield is vertical to automatic welding.
CN1481961, the Chinese patent application that is entitled as " the efficient single-filament narrow-gap active gas shielded arc welding connects method " has disclosed a kind of efficient single-filament narrow-gap active gas shielded arc welding and has connect method, belongs to welding technology field.The ternary protective gas that the present invention adopts oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon gas to form; welding wire is arranged between two parties; obtain stable rotating spray transfer mode by controlling large electrode extension, wire feed rate and voltage, realize the good fusion between the interior welding bead of certain interval groove and the workpiece sidewall.
But distortion is difficult to control for large slab in the prior art, the back side needs carbon to dig back chipping, problem that the weld metal loading is large still fails effectively to be overcome.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to propose a kind of large thick plates method of efficient, high-quality, energy-conservation, low-material-consumption.
According to one embodiment of the invention, propose the unclear root bead in the two-sided two narrow gaps of a kind of large slab and connect method, comprising:
Large slab is spliced into two-sided Narrow sloping-glot, and bevel angle is 0 °～1 °, and groove root root face is 2mm～4mm, and groove gap is 10mm～20mm;
Two-sided staggered backing welding, the first welding gun and the second welding gun intersect in two-sided front and back, and the welding arc spacing f of the first welding gun and the second welding gun is 20mm～50mm;
Two-sided while vertical position welding is filled, and the first welding gun and the second welding gun be two-sided while synchronous welding in front and back, carries out simultaneously two-sided filling;
Slow cooling and after-baking;
In two-sided staggered backing welding and two-sided while vertical position welding filling process, the rifle head of the first welding gun and the second welding gun swings, and control swing width and the sidewall time of staying, control speed of welding and welding parameter were with the input of control sweating heat so that sidewall fusion is good.
In one embodiment, the groove root does not stay the gap, removes groove and reaches interior iron rust and the greasy dirt of 20mm scope on every side, and preheat 180 ° of C.
In one embodiment, two-sided staggered backing welding adopts gas metal-arc welding GMAW technique, solid welding wire welding, 85%Ar+15%CO
2Mixed gas protected.In the process of two-sided staggered backing welding, the first welding gun begins first welding in front, and fusion length is 20mm approximately, and the second welding gun welds in the back, and the welding arc spacing f of the first welding gun and the second welding gun is 20～30mm; Welding parameter is: electric current 110-120A, voltage 27-29V, the rifle head amplitude of fluctuation 350～380mm/min of the first welding gun and the second welding gun, rifle head swing width 9.5～10mm, weldering speed 75～90mm/min, the sidewall time of staying 1.5～1.8s.
In one embodiment, two-sided while vertical position welding is filled and is adopted gas metal-arc welding GMAW technique, solid welding wire welding, 85%Ar+15%CO
2Mixed gas protected.In the process that the vertical position welding of two-sided while is filled, the first welding gun and the second welding gun in front with back synchronous welding simultaneously, fill weld seam, adopt one welding manner of one deck; Welding parameter is: 180 ℃ of interlayer temperatures, electric current 125～135A, voltage 27～29V, the rifle head swing speed 400～450mm/min of the first welding gun and the second welding gun, rifle head swing width 9.5～10mm, weldering speed 70～80mm/min, the sidewall time of staying 1.6～1.8s.
In one embodiment, slow cooling and after-baking comprise: with 280 ℃ of insulations 2 hours, slow cooling was to room temperature afterwards.
The thickness of slab that the unclear root bead in the two-sided two narrow gaps of this large slab connects the applicable large slab of method is 50mm～170mm.
Two-sided pair of unclear root bead in narrow gaps of large slab of the present invention connects method and solved the problems such as large thick plates inefficiency, distortion are difficult to control in the conventional art, the back side needs carbon plane back chipping, the weld metal loading is large, production efficiency improves more than 10～15 times than traditional welding, the welding loading is reduced to 0.7～0.8 times, and the back side does not need carbon to dig back chipping, realize without angular deformation, one deck welding manner together.
Description of drawings
It is more obvious that the above and other feature of the present invention, character and advantage will become by the description below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, and identical Reference numeral represents identical feature all the time in the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 has disclosed the flow chart that connects method according to the unclear root bead in the two-sided two narrow gaps of the large slab of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 has disclosed the structure of two-sided pair of Narrow sloping-glot of the present invention's use.
Fig. 3 has disclosed the schematic diagram that connects two-sided staggered backing welding in the method according to the unclear root bead in the two-sided two narrow gaps of the large slab of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 has disclosed according to the unclear root bead in the two-sided two narrow gaps of the large slab of one embodiment of the invention and has connect the schematic diagram that two-sided while vertical position welding is filled in the method.
The specific embodiment
With reference to shown in Figure 1, the present invention has disclosed the unclear root bead in the two-sided two narrow gaps of a kind of large slab and has connect method 100, and the method comprises following step:
102. large slab is spliced into two-sided Narrow sloping-glot, and bevel angle is 0 °～1 °, groove root root face t is 2mm～4mm, and groove gap δ is 10m m～20mm.Thickness of slab T is at 50mm～170mm.Fig. 2 has disclosed the structure of two-sided pair of Narrow sloping-glot.In one embodiment, the groove root does not stay the gap.In step 102, also comprise iron rust and greasy dirt in the 20mm scope around removing groove reaches, and preheat 180 ° of C.
104. two-sided staggered backing welding, the first welding gun G1 and the second welding gun G2 intersect in two-sided front and back, and the welding arc spacing f of the first welding gun G1 and the second welding gun G2 is 20mm～50mm.The rifle head of the first welding gun G1 and the second welding gun G2 swings in the two-sided staggered backing welding process, and control swing width and the sidewall time of staying, control speed of welding and welding parameter were with the input of control sweating heat to guarantee that sidewall fusion is good.In one embodiment, two-sided staggered backing welding adopts gas metal-arc welding GMAW technique, solid welding wire welding, 85%Ar+15%CO
2Mixed gas protected.In the process of two-sided staggered backing welding, the first welding gun G 1 begins first welding in front, and fusion length is 20mm approximately, and the second welding gun G2 welds in the back, and the welding arc spacing f of the first welding gun G 1 and the second welding gun G2 is 20～30mm in one embodiment.Welding parameter is: electric current 110-120A, voltage 27-29V, the rifle head amplitude of fluctuation 350～380mm/min of the first welding gun and the second welding gun, rifle head swing width 9.5～10mm, weldering speed 75～90mm/min, the sidewall time of staying 1.5～1.8s.Fig. 3 has disclosed the schematic diagram of two-sided staggered backing welding.Two-sided staggered backing welding is by the spacing of control welding gun, and after the welding gun bottoming, the another side welding gun keeps a staggered determining deviation, with root fuse fully, penetration, and guarantee root pore, be mingled with emersion, thereby realize that unclear root bead connects.
106. two-sided while vertical position welding is filled, the first welding gun G1 and the second welding gun G2 be two-sided while synchronous welding in front and back, carries out simultaneously two-sided filling.The rifle head of the first welding gun G1 and the second welding gun G2 swings in the two-sided while vertical position welding filling process, and control swing width and the sidewall time of staying, control speed of welding and welding parameter were with the input of control sweating heat with the fusion sidewall.In one embodiment, two-sided while vertical position welding is filled and is adopted gas metal-arc welding GMAW technique, solid welding wire welding, 85%Ar+15%CO
2Mixed gas protected.In the process that the vertical position welding of two-sided while is filled, the first welding gun G1 and the second welding gun G2 in front with back synchronous welding simultaneously, fill weld seam based on backing run B1, form filler pass B2, adopt one welding manner of one deck.Welding parameter is: 180 ℃ of interlayer temperatures, electric current 125～135A, voltage 27～29V, the rifle head swing speed 400～450mm/min of the first welding gun and the second welding gun, rifle head swing width 9.5～10mm, weldering speed 70～80mm/min, the sidewall time of staying 1.6～1.8s.Fig. 4 has disclosed the schematic diagram that two-sided while vertical position welding is filled, and has wherein disclosed backing run B1 and filler pass B2.Through behind the two-sided staggered backing welding of step 104, adopt simultaneously synchronous welding of two-sided pair of welding gun of gas metal-arc welding GMAW, reduce residual stress and welding deformation on the one hand, be conducive on the other hand control interlayer temperature, save time.
108. slow cooling and after-baking.In one embodiment, slow cooling and after-baking comprise: with 280 ℃ of insulations 2 hours, slow cooling was to room temperature afterwards.
The thickness of slab that the unclear root bead in the two-sided two narrow gaps of this large slab connects the applicable large slab of method 100 is 50mm～170mm.
The below introduces the concrete application example that a unclear root bead in the two-sided two narrow gaps of large slab of the present invention connects method: the high-strength steel Q690E of welding thickness of slab 152mm.
Basic parameter: thickness of slab 152mm, 85%Ar+15%CO
2Mixed gas protected, adopt Φ 1.2mm high-strength steel solid welding wire.Bevel angle is approximately zero, gap 10mm, and two-sided while vertical position welding, one deck welding manner together, the back side need not carbon and digs back chipping.
Prepare before the weldering: finished edge, during assembling, root does not stay the gap.Iron rust, greasy dirt around the removal groove reaches before the weldering in the 20mm scope.Weld preheating to 180 ℃.
Adopt the two-sided staggered backing welding of gas metal-arc welding GMAW: a welding gun begins first weldering, and approximately about 20mm, the another side welding gun begins welding to fusion length, and two welding gun spacings are 20～30mm.Welding parameter is: electric current 110～120A, voltage 27～29V, amplitude of fluctuation 350～380mm/min, swing width 9.5～10mm, weldering speed 75～90mm/min, the sidewall time of staying 1.5～1.8s.
Adopt the two-sided while vertical position welding of gas metal-arc welding GMAW: two-sided rush-harvesting and rush-planting is synchronous welding simultaneously; fill weld seam; one welding manner of one deck; welding parameter is: 180 ℃ of interlayer temperatures, electric current 125～135A, voltage 27～29V; swing speed 400～450mm/min; swing width 9.5～10mm, weldering speed 70～80mm/min, the sidewall time of staying 1.6～1.8s.
The postwelding after-baking: 280 ℃ of postweldings+insulation is after 2 hours, and slow cooling is to room temperature.
The unclear root bead in two-sided two narrow gaps for the high-strength steel Q690E of thickness of slab 152mm connects, and welding process is stable, and appearance of weld is good, and postwelding nondestructive inspection MT, UT are all qualified, realize that unclear root bead connects.Postwelding can effectively guarantee the welding precision of high-strength steel Q 690E test plate (panel) almost without angular deformation.The macroscopic view metallographic is without any defective, and root, sidewall all fuse well, realizes together welding of one deck.Weld seam is totally 18 roads, and welding bead quantity only is 1/10(stick electrode arc welding 180～190 roads of stick electrode weld seam), the weld metal filling area only is 1/4 of stick electrode arc welding.
Table 1 has disclosed traditional double manual arc welding and the welding efficiency of two-sided pair of narrow gap welding of the present invention compares.
Table 1
Two-sided pair of unclear root bead in narrow gaps of large slab of the present invention connects method and solved the problems such as large thick plates inefficiency, distortion are difficult to control in the conventional art, the back side needs carbon plane back chipping, the weld metal loading is large, production efficiency improves more than 10～15 times than traditional welding, the welding loading is reduced to 0.7～0.8 times, and the back side does not need carbon to dig back chipping, realize without angular deformation, one deck welding manner together.
Above-described embodiment provides to being familiar with the person in the art and realizes or use of the present invention; those skilled in the art can make various modifications or variation to above-described embodiment and not break away from invention thought of the present invention; thereby protection scope of the present invention do not limit by above-described embodiment, and should be the maximum magnitude that meets the inventive features that claims mention.
Claims (8)
1. the unclear root bead in the two-sided two narrow gaps of large slab connects method, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Large slab is spliced into two-sided Narrow sloping-glot, and bevel angle is 0 °～1 °, and groove root root face is 2mm～4mm, and groove gap is 10mm～20mm;
Two-sided staggered backing welding, the first welding gun and the second welding gun intersect in two-sided front and back, and the welding arc spacing f of the first welding gun and the second welding gun is 20mm～50mm;
Two-sided while vertical position welding is filled, and the first welding gun and the second welding gun be two-sided while synchronous welding in front and back, carries out simultaneously two-sided filling;
Slow cooling and after-baking;
In two-sided staggered backing welding and two-sided while vertical position welding filling process, the rifle head of the first welding gun and the second welding gun swings, and control swing width and the sidewall time of staying, control speed of welding and welding parameter were with the input of control sweating heat so that sidewall fusion is good.
2. the unclear root bead in the two-sided two narrow gaps of large slab as claimed in claim 1 connects method, it is characterized in that, the groove root does not stay the gap, removes groove and reaches interior iron rust and the greasy dirt of 20mm scope on every side, and preheat 180 ° of C.
3. the unclear root bead in the two-sided two narrow gaps of large slab as claimed in claim 1 connects method, it is characterized in that, described two-sided staggered backing welding adopts gas metal-arc welding GMAW technique, solid welding wire welding, 85%Ar+15%CO
2Mixed gas protected.
4. the unclear root bead in the two-sided two narrow gaps of large slab as claimed in claim 3 connects method, it is characterized in that, in the process of two-sided staggered backing welding, the first welding gun begins first welding in front, fusion length is 20mm approximately, the second welding gun welds in the back, and the welding arc spacing f of the first welding gun and the second welding gun is 20～30mm;
Welding parameter is: electric current 110-120A, voltage 27-29V, the rifle head amplitude of fluctuation 350～380mm/min of the first welding gun and the second welding gun, rifle head swing width 9.5～10mm, weldering speed 75～90mm/min, the sidewall time of staying 1.5～1.8s.
5. the unclear root bead in the two-sided two narrow gaps of large slab as claimed in claim 1 connects method, it is characterized in that, described two-sided while vertical position welding is filled and adopted gas metal-arc welding GMAW technique, solid welding wire welding, 85%Ar+15%CO
2Mixed gas protected.
6. the unclear root bead in the two-sided two narrow gaps of large slab as claimed in claim 1 connects method, it is characterized in that, in the process that the vertical position welding of two-sided while is filled, the first welding gun and the second welding gun in front with back synchronous welding simultaneously, fill weld seam, adopt one welding manner of one deck;
Welding parameter is: 180 ℃ of interlayer temperatures, electric current 125～135A, voltage 27～29V, the rifle head swing speed 400～450mm/min of the first welding gun and the second welding gun, rifle head swing width 9.5～10mm, weldering speed 70～80mm/min, the sidewall time of staying 1.6～1.8s.
7. the unclear root bead in the two-sided two narrow gaps of large slab as claimed in claim 1 connects method, it is characterized in that, described slow cooling and after-baking comprise: with 280 ℃ of insulations 2 hours, slow cooling was to room temperature afterwards.
8. the unclear root bead in the two-sided two narrow gaps of large slab as claimed in claim 1 connects method, it is characterized in that, the thickness of slab of described large slab is 50mm～170mm.
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