CN105081527A - Vertical butt joint automatic welding technological method for medium-thin 5% Ni steel plates - Google Patents
Vertical butt joint automatic welding technological method for medium-thin 5% Ni steel plates Download PDFInfo
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- CN105081527A CN105081527A CN201510319242.1A CN201510319242A CN105081527A CN 105081527 A CN105081527 A CN 105081527A CN 201510319242 A CN201510319242 A CN 201510319242A CN 105081527 A CN105081527 A CN 105081527A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/18—Sheet panels
- B23K2101/185—Tailored blanks
Abstract
The invention relates to a vertical butt joint automatic welding technological method for medium-thin 5% Ni steel plates. The method comprises the following steps that (a) corresponding grooves are formed in singles sides of two medium-thin 5% Ni steel plates required to be welded, and truncated edge thickness is reserved; (2) when the two medium-thin 5% Ni steel plates needing vertical butt joint welding are subjected to pairing spot welding assembly, a Y-shaped groove is formed, and a reversible deformation clamp plate is additionally arranged on the reverse side of the Y-shaped groove; (3) a welding robot is adopted, flux-cored arc welding is used, rectangular track swing welding is carried out in the weld beads of the Y-shaped groove and does not stop in the middle of each weld bead, welding manners are direct-current pulse welding and double-face welding forming, and after the front side of the steel medium-thin plates is welded, reserve-side back chipping processing needs to be carried out, and then reverse side welding is carried out; and (4) the 5% Ni steel medium-thin plates are not preheated before welding, and the interpass temperatures of all the weld beads are controlled below 150 DEG C. It can be guaranteed that weld joints of the front sides and the reverse sides of the medium-thin 5% Ni steel plates at the vertical butt joint position are in full penetration during full-automatic welding, the weld beads are appropriate in thickness, the weld joints on the front sides and the reverse sides are good in forming, and the purpose of efficient welding is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of welding procedure, specifically a kind of thin plate vertical docking automatic soldering technique method in 5%Ni steel.
Background technology
The domestic welding about low-temperature steels such as 5%Ni is main mainly with manual electric arc welding greatly, and the source of welding current is AC power, according to thickness of slab and joint form during welding, adopts the welding of multi-pass welding, string(er) bead, little specification.By the restriction of welding material and weld heat input, do not meet 5%Ni steel under vertical docking location, adopted domestic flux-cored wire to carry out the correlative study report of automatic welding.And traditional manual welding, not only complex operation, simultaneously due to manual operation, product quality exists shortcoming that is uneven, poor stability, but also there are some potential safety hazards.
Under normal circumstances, the mode of metal transfer of the Ni fundamental mode flux-cored wire under direct current weldering pattern mostly is spray transfer, when welding under vertical docking location weld metal viscosity greatly, not easily to sprawl to groove both sides and to pile high situation in the middle part of weld seam very outstanding, tracing it to its cause is because the spray transfer critical electric current value under direct current weldering pattern is bigger than normal, causes heat input excessive; Add the weld metal viscosity that Ni fundamental mode flux-cored wire itself formed large, the droplet metal under vertical docking location does not overcome Action of Gravity Field and lower time or middle part is piled high, finally makes molten bath uncontrollable, even if swing welding also cannot significantly improve.Also there is welding cannot penetration simultaneously, and appearance of weld is not good, easily produces the problem of splashing in welding process.
Summary of the invention
To the object of the present invention is to provide in a kind of 5%Ni steel of improvement thin plate vertical docking automatic soldering technique method, it can overcome in prior art cannot automatic welding, inefficiency, and welding simultaneously cannot penetration, the some shortcomings that appearance of weld is not good.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of thin plate vertical docking automatic soldering technique method in 5%Ni steel, it is characterized in that: described process to comprise the steps: in the 5%Ni steel of a, two pieces of needs welding that thin plate is monolateral and opens corresponding groove, and leaves root face height; In b, two blocks of vertical butt-welded 5%Ni steel of needs, thin plate group to point is welded timing retention gap, forms Y type groove, and corresponding root gap, in 5%Ni steel, the reverse side of thin plate adds contravariant shape code plate; C, employing welding robot, use flux-cored arc welding, the welding of " rectangle " track swing is carried out in Y type groove welding bead, and do not stop in the middle part of each welding bead, welding manner is that DC pulse welds, two-sided welding is shaping, need after the welding of front to carry out back root cleaning process, and then carry out reverse side welding; Not preheating before thin plate weldering in d, 5%Ni steel, each welding bead interlayer temperature controls below 150 DEG C.
During use, groove of the present invention adopts Y type groove, leaving appropriate gap and root face, reverse side add in the groove welding bead of contravariant shape code plate, welding gun is made to carry out the welding of " rectangle " track swing in positive and negative each welding bead welding process, and do not stop in the middle part of each welding bead, to guarantee in the 5%Ni steel under vertical docking location each weld seam of thin plate positive and negative under Full-automatic welding full penetration, that each bead thickness is suitable, positive and negative appearance of weld is good, welding process is splashed is few, all meets related request without undermining mechanics properties testing; Effectively can improve welding efficiency again simultaneously, and then reach efficient welding object.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is slope type schematic diagram in one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is that in one embodiment of the invention, welding bead is arranged and back gouging schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is torch swinging track schematic diagram in one embodiment of the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
In each accompanying drawing, each label is expressed as follows: thin plate in 1 front backing run, 2 front filler pass, 3 front cover cap pass, 4 reverse side welding beads, 5 contravariant shape code plates, 65%Ni steel.
Thin plate vertical docking automatic soldering technique method in a kind of 5%Ni steel of the present invention, its difference with the prior art is: described process comprise the steps: a, two pieces need in the 5%Ni steel of welding that thin plate is monolateral opens corresponding groove, and leave root face height; In b, two blocks of vertical butt-welded 5%Ni steel of needs, thin plate group to point is welded timing retention gap, forms Y type groove, and corresponding root gap, in 5%Ni steel, the reverse side of thin plate adds contravariant shape code plate; C, employing welding robot, use flux-cored arc welding, the welding of " rectangle " track swing is carried out in Y type groove welding bead, and do not stop in the middle part of each welding bead, welding manner is that DC pulse welds, two-sided welding is shaping, need after the welding of thin plate front in steel to carry out back root cleaning process, and then carry out reverse side welding; Not preheating before thin plate weldering in d, 5%Ni steel, each welding bead interlayer temperature controls below 150 DEG C.
In a step, in described 5%Ni steel, thin plate dinger thickness degree is at the steel plate of 10-20mm scope, and the monolateral processing of steel plate leaves the root face height of 1.5-2.5mm; The monolateral angular range opening corresponding groove is 25-35 °.In the mode more optimized, in steel, the monolateral processing of thin plate leaves the root face height of 1.8-2.2mm, and the monolateral angular range opening corresponding groove is 28-32 °.In b step, Y type bevel angle scope is 50-70 °, 5%Ni steel plate wherein in 10-15mm thickness range the groove scope that is suitable for be 50-60 °, and 5%Ni steel plate in 16-20mm thickness range the groove scope that is suitable for be 60-70 °, keep the gap length of 2-3.5mm before weldering during spot welding assembling; In step c, during welding, dry extension of electrode remains between 13-15mm, and welding wire is in each welding bead center and guarantees to aim at, welding wire termination distance striking point 2-3mm.In described Y type groove welding bead, the welding of " rectangle " track swing refers to from backing run to final pass, when ensureing that in each welding bead, torch swinging length is constant, and the rectangular path welding method of corresponding adjustment amplitude of fluctuation and the both sides time of staying.
In step c, after front each welding bead welding is complete, unload contravariant shape code plate and carry out back root cleaning process, back root cleaning process forming width is 11-12mm, the degree of depth is 3-4mm circular groove, described circular groove position is corresponding with gap, after back root cleaning process completes, welding gun continues to carry out the welding of " rectangle " track swing in the reverse side welding bead of circular groove formation immediately, and after reverse side pass weld completes, weld width is 17-18mm, and reinforcement is 3-4mm.
In step c, during welding, welding bead successively superposes, and bottom is backing run, and middle part is filler pass, and top is final pass, needs to carry out scarfing cinder process between welding bead; Also removing surface is carried out after the welding of reverse side welding bead.
Backing run wobble length is 1.5mm, amplitude of oscillation size is 2.5mm, the both sides time of staying is 0.25s, and welding current is 115-125A, weldingvoltage is 16.2-17.5V, speed of welding is 0.32m/min;
Filler pass wobble length is 1.5mm, amplitude of oscillation size is 4.5mm, the both sides time of staying is 0.25s, and welding current is 125-140A, weldingvoltage is 16.2-17.5V, speed of welding is 0.35m/min;
Final pass wobble length is 2mm, amplitude of oscillation size is 5.5mm, the both sides time of staying is 0.2s, and welding current is 130-140A, weldingvoltage is 16.2-17.5V, speed of welding is 0.5m/min;
Reverse side welding bead wobble length 1.5mm, amplitude of oscillation size are 5mm, the both sides time of staying is 0.25s, and welding current is 130-140A, weldingvoltage is 16.2-17.5V, speed of welding is 0.45m/min;
Ф 1.2mm flux-cored wire is selected in each welding bead welding above, and joins 98%Ar+2%O
2gaseous mixture is protective gas, throughput is 18-19L/min.
During welding, DC pulse weldering and existing Ni fundamental mode (Ni-Cr-Mo system alloy) flux-cored wire, model TMS-5T is adopted to be welding material, 98%Ar+2%O
2gaseous mixture is protective gas.DC pulse weldering is namely on original DC mode basis, the different heat input rates of pulse shaping are utilized to make deeply to melt and solidify to carry out alternately, final with overall average electric current lower than in critical electric current value (being become the current value of spray transfer from drop-wise transition) situation, obtain the spray transfer that molten bath is controlled.Pulse Width Control transitional technology has the advantage improving thermal weld stress and spray transfer, while can guaranteeing that the Ni fundamental mode flux-cored wire droplet metal in vertical docking situation effectively can overcome gravity, sprawling to groove both sides and depth, can improve deposition efficiency again.The 98%Ar+2%O matched with Pulse Width Control transitional technology in addition
2gaseous mixture protection advantage is, adds a small amount of oxygen, due to O in argon gas
2be surface active element, can reduce the surface tension of liquid metal, the critical current of generation spray transfer is reduced, and refinement droplet size, improves melt-extracted steel fibre.In addition; because gaseous mixture has certain oxidisability; therefore can stablize and control the position of arc cathode spot, can avoid like this due to cathode protection travelling and electric arc is produced wave, the droplet transfer is unstable, gas shield effect is destroyed and appearance of weld is irregular and generate the problem such as undercut, incomplete fusion.
Corresponding butt welded seam makes Liquid penetrant testing and ray detection does not all find excessive defect, meets the evaluation requirement of CB3958/-2004/ II grade and CB/T3558-2011B II grade respectively; Welding point tensile strength is 576MPa, during test temperature-115 DEG C, weld impingement merit is 117J, melt run ballistic work is 311J, the outer 2mm ballistic work of melt run is 292J, and the outer 5mm ballistic work of melt run is 301J, and welding point bending property is good, face is curved, carry on the back curved D=4t, and 180 ° do not occur any defect.Joint welding and the surface, heat affected area of amplifying 800 times of observation macrocorrosion samples after corrosion test all do not find the defects such as macroscopic crackle, incomplete fusion.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of thin plate vertical docking automatic soldering technique method in 5%Ni steel, in described 5%Ni steel, lamella thickness is 15mm:
1) the monolateral bevel of test plate (panel) 30 °, leaves the root face height of 1.5-2.5mm;
2) timing that is welded of test plate (panel) group to point leaves the gap length of 2-3.5mm;
3) reverse side adds contravariant shape code plate, to ensure gap length.
Keep the gap length of 2-3mm during spot welding assembling before test plate (panel) processing root face height mismachining tolerance is no more than 1mm, weldering and rely on test plate (panel) reverse side adding contravariant shape code plate and maintaining.Test plate (panel) group to point is welded to join and also completes with Ni fundamental mode welding wire, keeps the gap length of 2-3mm and rely on test plate (panel) reverse side adding contravariant shape code plate and maintaining before weldering during spot welding assembling.
Shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, comprise the welding step that described test plate (panel) is concrete:
1) during welding, dry extension of electrode remains between 13-15mm, and welding wire is in each welding bead center and guarantees to aim at, welding wire termination distance striking point 2-3mm;
2) make welding gun carry out the welding of " rectangle " track swing along welding bead in each welding bead welding process, and do not stop in the middle part of each welding bead;
3) production domesticization Ni fundamental mode (Ni-Cr-Mo system alloy) Ф 1.2mm flux-cored wire is selected in each welding bead welding more than, and joins 98%Ar+2%O
2gaseous mixture is protective gas, throughput is 18-19L/min.Not preheating before steel plate weldering, each welding bead interlayer temperature all controls below 150 DEG C, needs to carry out scarfing cinder process between welding bead.
4) welding bead at the neutral banjo fixing butt jointing place of welding process arrange and each technological parameter as shown in Figures 2 and 3, each welding bead technological parameter is as shown in the table.
In robot welding process, operating personnel call the program that writes in advance or write new program by teaching, and programming carries out subscription procedure setting after having debugged, and are controlled the operation of welding robot by starting drive.
Be in each welding bead in the 5%Ni steel test plate (panel) groove under vertical docking location, controlled, in conjunction with DC pulse weldering, 98%Ar+2%O by gap assembling guarantee, the reversible deformation in advance of welding front test plate (panel)
2the Rational choice of the lower each technological parameter of gaseous mixture protection; under finally guaranteeing to carry out scarfing cinder disposition between two-sided welding, back root cleaning, welding bead; welding line joint root full penetration, each welding bead of positive and negative are shaping excellent; automatic welding simplifies workflow, effectively improves low-temperature steel welding quality and production efficiency.
The DC pulse weldering adopted utilizes the different heat input rates of pulse shaping to make deeply to melt and solidify to carry out alternately, final with overall average electric current lower than in critical electric current value (being become the current value of spray transfer from drop-wise transition) situation, obtain the spray transfer that molten bath is controlled.Selected 98%Ar+2%O
2o in gaseous mixture protection
2have surface active element, can reduce the surface tension of liquid metal, the critical current of generation spray transfer is reduced, and refinement droplet size, improves melt-extracted steel fibre.The phenomenons such as the Welder's artistic skill adopted is dropped down under obviously slowing down the liquid metals of Ni fundamental mode wlding under spray transfer form, excessive; Impel it more effectively to sprawl to welding bead both sides and depth, the Fast Filling realizing deposited metal can ensure quality of weld joint again simultaneously.It is few that each weld seam full penetration, each bead thickness are suitable, positive and negative appearance of weld is good, welding process is splashed, and all meets related request without undermining mechanics properties testing.Make thin plate 5%Ni steel under vertical docking location, use production domesticization Ni fundamental mode flux-cored wire to carry out automatic welding and apply becoming possibility.
Embodiment 2
A kind of thin plate vertical docking automatic soldering technique method in 5%Ni steel, in described 5%Ni steel, lamella thickness is 13mm:
1) the monolateral bevel of test plate (panel) 28 °, leaves the root face height of 1.8mm;
2) timing that is welded of test plate (panel) group to point leaves the gap length of 2.8mm;
3) reverse side adds contravariant shape code plate, to ensure gap length.
Keep the gap length of 2.8mm during spot welding assembling before test plate (panel) processing root face height mismachining tolerance is no more than 1mm, weldering and rely on test plate (panel) reverse side adding contravariant shape code plate and maintaining.Test plate (panel) group to point is welded to join and also completes with Ni fundamental mode welding wire, keeps the gap length of 2.5mm and rely on test plate (panel) reverse side adding contravariant shape code plate and maintaining before weldering during spot welding assembling.
The welding step that in described steel, thin plate is concrete:
1) during welding, dry extension of electrode remains between 13-15mm, and welding wire is in each welding bead center and guarantees to aim at, welding wire termination distance striking point 3mm;
2) make welding gun carry out the welding of " rectangle " track swing along welding bead in each welding bead welding process, and do not stop in the middle part of each welding bead;
3) production domesticization Ni fundamental mode (Ni-Cr-Mo system alloy) Ф 1.2mm flux-cored wire is selected in each welding bead welding more than, and joins 98%Ar+2%O
2gaseous mixture is protective gas, throughput is 18-19L/min.Not preheating before steel plate weldering, each welding bead interlayer temperature all controls below 150 DEG C, needs to carry out scarfing cinder process between welding bead.
Thin plate vertical docking automatic soldering technique method in 5%Ni steel of the present invention, have the following advantages: the DC pulse weldering 1) adopted utilizes the different heat input rates of pulse shaping to make deeply to melt and solidify to carry out alternately, final with overall average electric current lower than in critical electric current value (being become the current value of spray transfer from drop-wise transition) situation, obtain the spray transfer that molten bath is controlled.2) 98%Ar+2%O selected by
2o in gaseous mixture protection
2have surface active element, can reduce the surface tension of liquid metal, the critical current of generation spray transfer is reduced, and refinement droplet size, improves melt-extracted steel fibre.3) phenomenons such as the Welder's artistic skill adopted is dropped down under obviously slowing down the liquid metals of Ni fundamental mode wlding under spray transfer form, excessive; Impel it more effectively to sprawl to welding bead both sides and depth, the Fast Filling realizing deposited metal can ensure quality of weld joint again simultaneously.4) each weld seam full penetration, that each bead thickness is suitable, positive and negative appearance of weld good, welding process is splashed is few, all meets related request without undermining mechanics properties testing.5) make thin plate in 5%Ni steel under vertical docking location, use production domesticization Ni fundamental mode flux-cored wire to carry out automatic welding and become possibility.
Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred embodiment further description made for the present invention, can not assert that the present invention specifically implements to be confined to these explanations above-mentioned.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some simple deduction or replace can also be made, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a thin plate vertical docking automatic soldering technique method in 5%Ni steel, is characterized in that: in the 5%Ni steel that described process comprises the steps: a, two pieces of needs weld, thin plate is monolateral opens corresponding groove, and leaves root face height; In b, two blocks of vertical butt-welded 5%Ni steel of needs, thin plate group to point is welded timing retention gap, forms Y type groove, and corresponding root gap, in 5%Ni steel, the reverse side of thin plate adds contravariant shape code plate; C, employing welding robot, use flux-cored arc welding, " rectangle " track swing welding in Y type groove welding bead, and do not stop in the middle part of each welding bead, welding manner is that DC pulse welds, two-sided welding is shaping, need after the welding of front to carry out back root cleaning process, and then carry out reverse side welding; Not preheating before thin plate weldering in d, 5%Ni steel, each welding bead interlayer temperature controls below 150 DEG C.
2. thin plate vertical docking automatic soldering technique method in a kind of 5%Ni steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in a step, in described 5%Ni steel, thin plate dinger thickness degree is at the steel plate of 10-20mm scope, and in steel, the monolateral processing of thin plate leaves the root face height of 1.5-2.5mm; The monolateral angular range opening corresponding groove is 25-35 °.
3. thin plate vertical docking automatic soldering technique method in a kind of 5%Ni steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in b step, Y type bevel angle scope is 50-70 °, 5%Ni steel plate wherein in 10-15mm thickness range the groove scope that is suitable for be 50-60 °, and 5%Ni steel plate in 16-20mm thickness range the groove scope that is suitable for be 60-70 °, keep the gap length of 2-3.5mm before weldering during spot welding assembling; In step c, during welding, dry extension of electrode remains between 13-15mm, and welding wire is in each welding bead center and guarantees to aim at, welding wire termination distance striking point 2-3mm.
4. thin plate vertical docking automatic soldering technique method in a kind of 5%Ni steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step c, after front each welding bead welding is complete, unload contravariant shape code plate and carry out back root cleaning process, back root cleaning process forming width is 11-12mm, the degree of depth is 3-4mm circular groove, described circular groove position is corresponding with gap, and after back root cleaning process completes, welding gun continues to carry out the welding of " rectangle " track swing in the reverse side welding bead of circular groove formation immediately; During welding, adopt existing Ni fundamental mode (Ni-Cr-Mo system alloy) flux-cored wire, model TMS-5T is welding material, 98%Ar+2%O
2gaseous mixture is protective gas.
5. thin plate vertical docking automatic soldering technique method in a kind of 5%Ni steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step c, during welding, welding bead successively superposes, and bottom is backing run, and middle part is filler pass, top is final pass, needs to carry out scarfing cinder process between welding bead; Also removing surface is carried out after the welding of reverse side welding bead; Backing run wobble length is 1.5mm, amplitude of oscillation size is 2.5mm, the both sides time of staying is 0.25s, and welding current is 115-125A, weldingvoltage is 16.2-17.5V, speed of welding is 0.32m/min; Filler pass wobble length is 1.5mm, amplitude of oscillation size is 4.5mm, the both sides time of staying is 0.25s, and welding current is 125-140A, weldingvoltage is 16.2-17.5V, speed of welding is 0.35m/min; Final pass wobble length is 2mm, amplitude of oscillation size is 5.5mm, the both sides time of staying is 0.2s, and welding current is 130-140A, weldingvoltage is 16.2-17.5V, speed of welding is 0.5m/min; Reverse side welding bead wobble length 1.5mm, amplitude of oscillation size are 5mm, the both sides time of staying is 0.25s, and welding current is 130-140A, weldingvoltage is 16.2-17.5V, speed of welding is 0.45m/min; Ф 1.2mm flux-cored wire is selected in each welding bead welding above, and joins 98%Ar+2%O
2gaseous mixture is protective gas, throughput is 18-19L/min.
6. thin plate vertical docking automatic soldering technique method in a kind of 5%Ni steel according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: in steel, the monolateral processing of thin plate leaves the root face height of 1.8-2.2mm, the monolateral angular range opening corresponding groove is 28-32 °.
7. thin plate vertical docking automatic soldering technique method in a kind of 5%Ni steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step c, in described Y type groove welding bead, the welding of " rectangle " track swing refers to from backing run to final pass, when ensureing that in welding bead, torch swinging length is constant, the rectangular path welding method of corresponding adjustment amplitude of fluctuation and the both sides time of staying.
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