CN103316668B - 可见光响应的光催化剂Ba3MoTiO8及其制备方法 - Google Patents

可见光响应的光催化剂Ba3MoTiO8及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN103316668B
CN103316668B CN201310253953.4A CN201310253953A CN103316668B CN 103316668 B CN103316668 B CN 103316668B CN 201310253953 A CN201310253953 A CN 201310253953A CN 103316668 B CN103316668 B CN 103316668B
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方亮
唐莹
韦珍海
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Dongtai Chengdong science and Technology Pioneer Park Management Co.,Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种可见光响应的钼酸盐光催化剂Ba3MoTiO8及其制备方法。该钼酸盐光催化剂的化学组成式为Ba3MoTiO8。本发明还公开了上述材料的制备方法。本发明制备方法简单、成本低,制备的光催化剂具有优良的催化性能,在可见光照射下具有分解有害化学物质的作用,且稳定性好,具有良好的应用前景。

Description

可见光响应的光催化剂Ba3MoTiO8及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种可见光响应的光催化剂Ba3MoTiO8及其制备方法,属于无机光催化材料领域。 
背景技术
随着社会经济的发展, 人们对于能源和生态环境越来越关注, 解决能源短缺和环境污染问题是实现可持续发展、提高人民生活质量和保障国家安全的迫切需要。 
从20世纪70年代末期,人们提出了利用光催化剂分解水中和大气中的农药以及恶臭物质等有机物,以及涂有光催化剂的固体表面的自我清洁等应用实例。光催化反应的原理是光催化剂在吸收了高于其带隙能量的光子后,生成了空穴和电子,这些空穴和电子分别进行氧化反应和还原反应,达到分解有害化学物质、有机生物质和杀菌的目的。光催化剂有许多种, 其中最有代表性的是二氧化钛(TiO2),已经利用二氧化钛对水中和大气中的农药和恶臭物质等有机物进行分解,然而二氧化钛的带隙是3.2eV,只有在比400nm短的紫外线的照射下才能显现出活性,只能在室内或者有紫外灯的地方工作,几乎不能利用可见光,这大大的限制了二氧化钛光催化剂的使用。 
考虑到光催化剂在分解有害物质中的实用性,利用太阳光作为光源是不可缺少的。照射向地表的太阳光中波长在500nm附近可见光的强度最大,波长为400nm~750nm的可见光区的能量大约是太阳光总能量的43%,所以为了高效的利用,铋系光催化剂的开发和研究已经取得了一系列重大的成果,三价铋的复合物如BiVO4、Bi2MoO6、Bi2Mo2O9、Bi2Mo3O12和Bi2WO4被报道在可见光下具有良好的吸收。一系列铌(钽)酸盐光催化剂由于具有较高的光催化活性而被广泛研究。例如,铌酸盐光催化剂Pb3Nb4O13、BiNbO4和Bi2MNbO7(M=Al、Ga、In、Y、稀土元素或Fe)等和铌钾复合氧化物光催化剂如KNbO3、KNb3O8、K4Nb6O17和K6Nb10.6O30等都具有较好的光催化性能。 
虽然光催化研究已进行了若干年,但目前报道的具有可见光响应的光催化剂种类仍很有限,仍存在着光转换效率低、稳定性差和光谱相应范围窄等问题,所以研究和开发新的具有可见光响应的高效光催化剂是非常必要。已有文献报道了类钙钛矿结构化合物Ba3MoTiO8的合成与晶体结构,但目前尚未见有关该类化合物光催化性能的研究报道,我们对结构相似的钼酸盐Ba3MoTiO8和Sr3MoTiO8进行了光催化性能研究,结果发现Ba3MoTiO8具有优异的可见光响应的光催化性能,但Sr3MoTiO8却不具有可见光响应的光催化性能。 
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有可见光响应的光催化剂Ba3MoTiO8及其制备方法。 
本发明涉及的具有可见光响应的钼酸盐光催化剂的化学组成式为: Ba3MoTiO8。 
上述可见光响应的钼酸盐光催化剂的制备方法具体步骤为: 
(1)将99.9%分析纯的化学原料BaCO3、MoO3和TiO2,按Ba3MoTiO8化学式称量配料。
(2)将步骤(1)配好的原料混合,放入球磨罐中,加入氧化锆球和无水乙醇,球磨8小时,混合磨细,取出烘干,过200目筛。 
(3)将步骤(2)混合均匀的粉料在800~820℃预烧,并保温6小时,自然冷却至室温,然后通过球磨机等粉碎手段使粒子直径变小,低于2μm,即得到钼酸盐Ba3MoTiO8粉末。 
本发明制备方法简单、成本低,制备的光催化剂具有优良的催化性能, 在可见光照射下具有分解有害化学物质、有机生物质和杀菌的作用。 
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明进行具体说明: 
1、为了得到本发明中所使用的复合氧化物,首先使用固相合成法制备粉末,即把作为原料的各种氧化物或碳酸盐按照目标组成化学计量比进行混合,再在常压下于空气气氛中合成。
2、为了能够有效利用光,本发明中的光催化剂的尺寸最好在微米级别,甚至是纳米粒子,且比表面积较大。用固相合成法制备的氧化物粉末,其粒子较大而表面积较小,但是可以通过球磨机等粉碎手段使粒子直径变小。 
3、本发明的光催化实验以甲基橙作为模拟有机污染物,其浓度为20mg/L;钼酸盐光催化剂Ba3MoTiO8的加入量为1g/L;光源使用300W的氙灯,反应槽使用硼硅酸玻璃制成的器皿,通过滤波器得到波长大于420nm长波长的光,然后照射光催化剂;催化时间设定为120分钟。 
实施例1: 
(1)将99.9%分析纯的化学原料BaCO3、MoO3和TiO2,按Ba3MoTiO8化学式称量配料。
(2)将步骤(1)配好的原料混合,放入球磨罐中,加入氧化锆球和无水乙醇,球磨8小时,混合磨细,取出烘干,过200目筛。 
(3)将步骤(2)混合均匀的粉料在800℃预烧,并保温6小时,自然冷却至室温,然后通过球磨机粉碎手段使粒子直径变小,低于2μm,即得到钼酸盐Ba3MoTiO8粉末。 
所制备的光催化剂,在波长大于420nm的可见光照射下,120分钟对甲基橙去除率达到98.1%。 
实施例2: 
(1)将99.9%分析纯的化学原料BaCO3、MoO3和TiO2,按Ba3MoTiO8化学式称量配料。
(2)将步骤(1)配好的原料混合,放入球磨罐中,加入氧化锆球和无水乙醇,球磨8小时,混合磨细,取出烘干,过200目筛。 
(3)将步骤(2)混合均匀的粉料在810℃预烧,并保温6小时,自然冷却至室温,然后通过球磨机粉碎手段使粒子直径变小,低于2μm,即得到钼酸盐Ba3MoTiO8粉末。 
所制备的光催化剂,在波长大于420nm的可见光照射下,120分钟对甲基橙去除率达到98.6%。 
实施例3: 
(1)将99.9%分析纯的化学原料BaCO3、MoO3和TiO2,按Ba3MoTiO8化学式称量配料。
(2)将步骤(1)配好的原料混合,放入球磨罐中,加入氧化锆球和无水乙醇,球磨8小时,混合磨细,取出烘干,过200目筛。 
(3)将步骤(2)混合均匀的粉料在820℃预烧,并保温6小时,自然冷却至室温,然后通过球磨机粉碎手段使粒子直径变小,低于2μm,即得到钼酸盐Ba3MoTiO8粉末。 
所制备的光催化剂,在波长大于420nm的可见光照射下,120min对甲基橙去除率达到99.2%。 
本发明决不限于以上实施例。各温度的上下限、区间取值都能实现本发明,在此不一一列举实施例。 
以上发明实施例所制的光催化剂粉末可负载于多种基体表面上。基体可以是玻璃、陶瓷、活性炭或石英砂等,光催化剂可以以薄膜的形式负载于基体表面。 

Claims (1)

1.一种钼酸盐作为可见光响应的光催化剂的应用,其特征在于所述钼酸盐的化学组成式为:Ba3MoTiO8
所述钼酸盐的制备方法具体步骤为:
(1)将99.9%分析纯的化学原料BaCO3、MoO3和TiO2,按Ba3MoTiO8化学式称量配料;
(2)将步骤(1)配好的原料混合,放入球磨罐中,加入氧化锆球和无水乙醇,球磨8小时,混合磨细,取出烘干,过200目筛;
(3)将步骤(2)混合均匀的粉料在800~820℃预烧,并保温6小时,自然冷却至室温,然后通过球磨机粉碎手段使粒子直径变小,低于2μm,即得到钼酸盐Ba3MoTiO8粉末。
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