CN103314168A - Protective system for walls of buildings or containers - Google Patents

Protective system for walls of buildings or containers Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103314168A
CN103314168A CN2011800643566A CN201180064356A CN103314168A CN 103314168 A CN103314168 A CN 103314168A CN 2011800643566 A CN2011800643566 A CN 2011800643566A CN 201180064356 A CN201180064356 A CN 201180064356A CN 103314168 A CN103314168 A CN 103314168A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
grid
protection system
elementary cell
described protection
wall
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Pending
Application number
CN2011800643566A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
弗拉基米尔·特鲁布尼科夫
瑟奇·纳波士科夫
马可·席佩斯
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Areva GmbH
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Areva NP GmbH
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Publication of CN103314168A publication Critical patent/CN103314168A/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/04—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against air-raid or other war-like actions
    • E04H9/10—Independent shelters; Arrangement of independent splinter-proof walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
    • E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional extent, e.g. lattice girders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24628—Nonplanar uniform thickness material
    • Y10T428/24669—Aligned or parallel nonplanarities

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a protective system for protecting a wall of a building or container from impact loads, having a buffer layer (3) which is arranged on the impact side of the wall of the building or container and absorbs the impact energy of the impact load predominantly by plastic deformation, wherein the buffer layer (3) comprises a deformation lattice which is formed by a substantially regular arrangement of unit cells (5) and has a number of lattice layers (6) and the intermediate spaces in which are filled with a deformable damping material (9), and wherein each unit cell (5) is composed of a plurality of lattice struts (4) which form the edges of a pyramid.

Description

The protection system that is used for building wall or chamber wall
The present invention relates to a kind of protection system of collision load or the impact load at building wall or chamber wall, this system preferably also is suitable for being installed on existing building wall or the chamber wall afterwards.
In principle, in building design or when container construct, except self load and designed Payload, also the extra duty of the interim appearance expected of consideration is for example avenged load, ice load, wind load and collision load or impact load.In some cases, for example owing to change regulation or standard, carry out the rebuilding to building or container afterwards in addition.In these situations, for example the load limit that makes building or container can surpass original design by enlarging or reconstruction bears further load.
In this case, term collision load or impact load have been summarized all following events: the material that wherein is accelerated and building or container bump against.Under the situation of civil building or container, the object that described collision load or impact load especially accelerate by storm and not the motor vehicle of guide properly cause.And if building or container be when being considered as military target by potential assailant, for example then also can reckon with collision load or impact load that the flying body by emitting substance or guidance causes.
In order to protect building or container to avoid the high energy impact effects of load, mainly use simple and firm steel plate or armored concrete slab at present.In this disadvantageously big deadweight of these plates and big size.
Accordingly, the present invention based on task be, develop a kind of system or structure that reduces weight and/or reduce size, can protect building and transmission container especially to resist collision load or the impact load of high energy by it.
This task uses mode according to the present invention to solve by the described feature combination of claim 1.Dependent claims comprise part of the present invention conform with purpose and partly for creative improvement project itself.
The protection system corresponding with instruction of the present invention is as the protection thing at single building wall, complete building, single chamber wall or complete container antagonism collision load or impact load.Design is for this reason, arranges cushion coat in collision side or the impact side in the zone that will protect, and it mainly absorbs by plastic strain because the kinetic energy that collision or impact cause.The elementary cell that the basic framework of this cushion coat or skeleton form is identical, made up by grid supporter (Gitterstreben), these elementary cells arrange basically regularly, so and cover the zone that will protect fully as the distortion grid.Thus, the basic framework of the cushion coat that is formed by one decks at least of these elementary cells has the basic structure of similar crystal.The shape of single elementary cell is pyramid-type, and wherein the grid supporter makes up the edge of pyramid.This basic framework replenishes by deformable distortion material, and this distortion material is filled the gap in the distortion grid and finished cushion coat thus.
Following form of implementation preferably: the pyramid of the grid supporter formation rule of elementary cell wherein, because this configuration by basic framework has been realized favourable deformability and has been guaranteed technical can the realization simply.In this case, what conform with purpose in addition is that the bottom surface of pyramid is tetragonal and especially square.
In addition advantageously, yet the distortion grid has at least two preferred four to eight grid layers that are made of elementary cell, because along with the grid layer number that increases, maximum absorbable collision energy or impact energy also increase.On the other hand, the thickness of protection system and deadweight also increase along with the number of plies that increases certainly.Under the situation of eight grid layers, simulation calculation shows that the emitting substance with the big of high flying speed and weight also is positively stopped in the cushion coat, and is not advanced to building wall or the chamber wall that is positioned under it.
If be provided with a plurality of grid layers, then in addition advantageously, directly two grid layers folding are mutually laterally relative to each other passed cornerwise half length in elementary cell bottom surface respectively on cornerwise direction.In brief, the grid layer of namely directly folding is mutually relative to each other passed the elementary cell of half on diagonal.Thus, formed replace pile up sequence A BAB, the tip that wherein forms the pyramid of bottom grid layer leans against on the angle of bottom surface of the pyramid that forms the grid layer that is located thereon.The X-shaped supporter of Gou Jianing is as the additional reinforcing element in the distortion grid thus.
As the material of grid supporter, the steel that preferred use can highly be extended.This steel can obtain in various standards, makes to have provided good mutability, can realize according to the characteristic of cushion coat of the present invention and different regulation or matches criteria by it.
Possible is that the grid supporter only interconnects by the distortion material, and relative to each other remains in its relative position in principle.Yet following form of implementation preferably: wherein the grid supporter of elementary cell and elementary cell and grid layer are connected to each other respectively each other securely, namely for example tighten, bonding or the welding, make that basic framework itself has been the structure that can absorb collision energy or impact energy by plastic strain.
If cushion coat for example needs as also at the building protection device of flying body of collision, what then conform with purpose is, designs about 0.5 meter to 4.0 meters horizontal expansion for elementary cell, and thus not necessarily identical 0.5 meter to 4.0 meters height extend.For the grid supporter, correspondingly use square steel or the round steel of suitably cutting in this case, its edge length or diameter are about 10mm to 50mm.
According to another preferred form of implementation, use concrete, especially so-called foam concrete or porous light concrete (PLB) as the decay material.Foam concrete is a kind of concrete that has the air vent content that in a planned way improves, and air vent content is usually greater than 30 percents by volume, and this is usually by the interpolation blowing agent or by prefabricated foams mix is wherein made.This material can bear big pressure on the one hand, and low weight (low-density) and good fluidity on the other hand.In addition, it has good heat fade characteristic.Preferably, the fiber of sneaking into additional fiber, for example being made of steel or plastics for employed concrete or foam concrete is in order to improve its ductility and improve its validity with respect to cushion coat thus.Can pass through keyword " UHPC " (English: Ultra High Performance Concrete, translation: ultra-high performance concrete) find in the literature for the details of this material type.
In addition advantageously, cushion coat finishes with covering layer on collision side or impact side, and this covering layer for example is made of steel or composite material, especially is made of fibrous composite.Especially under the situation of collision body sharp-pointed or sharp edges or impact body, this is used for better on the bigger zone that compression shock with point-like is distributed to the distortion grid and increases the effective function face thus.During making up protection system, covering layer also can be as the formwork when pouring into a mould the decay material.
In this case, by anchoring element covering layer is fixed on to be considered to be on the cushion coat and conforms with very much purpose, because for example can change easily thus.Also possible alternatively is that covering layer and cushion coat are bonding in large area.
At first be designed to protective device at the plane according to protection system of the present invention.Correspondingly advantageously, select the following layout of elementary cell: wherein the bottom surface of the elementary cell of each grid layer is arranged in common plane, and wherein these plane parallel in the building wall that will protect or the surface orientation of chamber wall.Yet, also can realize the coupling of cushion coat and curved surface (such as domes, dome, cylindrical etc.).For this reason, the distortion grid twists according to bending, perhaps uses the amended distortion grid that has the cell structure of change.
The advantage that realizes by the present invention especially is, " combination " structure that constitutes by the decay material by the bar supporting arrangement of the solid of (ductile) three-dimensional, lightweight, yielding and preferred multilayer and cast, realized that the kinetic energy with impact load (for example aircraft, storm cause emitting substance, shock wave) is converted into the plastic strain of supporting arrangement especially well, the material of wherein decaying is as having the stable matrix of very high attenuation degree.Nonlinear deformation and extruding by the decay material preferably made by fiber strengthened foam concrete (fibrous foam concrete) absorb impact energy extraly.In traditional solution; surge protection is realized by the raising intensity (bigger wall thickness) of relevant bar-reinforced concrete member and the armouring content (for example passing armouring, armouring connecting portion) that improves; different with it, the formation of vibrations in impact protection system according to the present invention, concussion and elastic wave and propagating is suppressed significantly or decays and away from the object that will protect or building.
Thus, also guaranteed Additional Protection at earthquake loading.So seismic stimulation or impact are decayed equally effectively.
Can be simply and set up rapidly according to protection system of the present invention, especially under the preassembled cell cases of using the distortion grid, described unit is installed on the object that will protect and then in the mode of layer and pours into a mould with the decay material.The wall construction that installs additional afterwards and form is possible.
Particularly advantageously be; under the situation of the building of atomic power device, especially nuclear power station, use according to protection system of the present invention; yet also can be under traditional power station and chemical device situation, and under the cask situation that is used for nuclear material or material and discarded object, use.
Further describe the present invention by embodiment.Wherein respectively in view that simplify and schematic:
Fig. 1 there is shown elementary cell according to cushion coat of the present invention in perspective;
Fig. 2 there is shown grid layer according to the distortion grid of cushion coat of the present invention in perspective;
Fig. 3 there is shown in the perspective dissectd of part on the building top cover that is illustrating with cutting according to cushion coat of the present invention; Perhaps
Fig. 4 shows the outline portion of distortion grid.
Corresponding components is provided with identical Reference numeral in institute's drawings attached mutually.
Exemplarily observe the part section (referring to Fig. 3) of building top cover 1 in an embodiment.The smooth outer surface 2 of this part section will make to protect opposing collision load or impact load by adding afterwards.For this reason, be positioned with cushion coat 3 on surface 2.Cushion coat 3 is being fixed on this and being undertaken by connecting portion that do not specifically illustrate, material fit on 2 on the surface, perhaps carries out by other means.
The structure that the grid supporter 4 that is welded to each other constitutes is as the basis of cushion coat 3.Also to be pointed out that the mode that the ways of connecting that can not unclamp between grid supporter 4 is not limited to select again here at this.The alternative scheme that close by twisting, riveted joint, clamping or bonding connection is considered as conforming with equally purpose.Per eight in these grid supporters 4 that are made of the round steel that cuts have formed one in the elementary cell 5 shown in Fig. 1.Arrange that according to its space the grid supporter 4 of elementary cell 5 has formed the edge of the orthopyramid that has square bottom surface.Ratio between the height of the edge length of square bottom surface and pyramid is approximately 1.7 in this situation example.
By arranging being connected of elementary cell 5 and these elementary cells 5 can not unclamping to each other regularly, made up the distortion grid of lenticular.This distortion grid is made up by a plurality of grid layers 6 equally, and they are layering stackedly in stacking direction 7.Being arranged in this and being configured to of elementary cell 5 in each grid layer 6; make the square base of elementary cell 5 look like like that seamlessly mutual to putting under the chessboard situation, the grid layer 6 of foot covers the smooth surface 2 that will protect fully on stacking direction 7 thus.In Fig. 2, can see the schematic diagram of the layout of grid layer 6.
Directly two grid layers 6 folding are mutually laterally relative to each other passed cornerwise half length ground layout of elementary cell bottom surface on cornerwise direction.Owing to should alternately pile up sequence A BAB, the tip of the pyramid of formation bottom grid layer 6 and the angle of the bottom surface of the pyramid that forms the grid layer 6 that is located thereon contact.On these contact points, each grid layer 6 can not connect mutually with unclamping just, i.e. welding.Simultaneously, realized additional X-shaped supporter 8 in this way.They are being used as the additional reinforcing element that is out of shape grid like that for similar under the situation of jib or under the situation of steel bridge construction.When observing the distortion grid, can in profile, see X-shaped supporter 8.Fig. 4 shows corresponding part.
The distortion grid works according to the mode of basic framework or skeleton under the situation of cushion coat 3 according to the present invention.This basic framework is surrounded by the decay material 9 that fiber strengthened foam concrete constitutes.It is square cushion coat 3 that those foam concrete will be out of shape grid additional, and is filled in the gap that is out of shape in the grid at this.
Two parts--decay material 9 and distortion grid--can itself absorb impact energy or collision energy.Under the situation of distortion grid, this mainly realizes by plastic strain, and the energy absorption under the situation of decay material 9 at first realizes by compressing.Be combined into cushion coat 3 by two kinds of parts, as with respect to the damping capacity of shock wave or concussion, surpassed the absorptive capacity of single parts.
The Reference numeral table
1 building top cover
2 external surfaces
3 cushion coats
4 grid supporters
5 elementary cells
6 grid layers
7 stacking directions
8 supporters
9 decay materials

Claims (15)

1. one kind for the protection of building wall or the chamber wall protection system to anti-shock loading; have on the impact side that is arranged in building wall or chamber wall; mainly absorb the cushion coat (3) of the impact energy of impact load by plastic strain; wherein this cushion coat (3) comprises that the layout of rule basically by elementary cell (5) forms; distortion grid with a plurality of grid layers (6); fill with the decay material (9) that can be out of shape in the gap of described distortion grid; and wherein each elementary cell (5) is made up of a plurality of grid supporters (4), and described grid supporter forms the edge of pyramid.
2. protection system according to claim 1 is orthopyramid by the pyramid that the grid supporter (4) of elementary cell (5) forms wherein.
3. protection system according to claim 2, wherein the pyramid that is formed by the grid supporter (4) of elementary cell (5) has quadrangle, especially square bottom surface.
4. according to the described protection system of one of claim 1 to 3, wherein be provided with at least two grid layers (6), preferred four to eight grid layers (6) at the distortion grid.
5. according to the described protection system of one of claim 1 to 4, wherein two grid layers (6) of directly folding are mutually laterally relative to each other passed cornerwise half length ground layout in bottom surface of elementary cell (5) respectively on cornerwise direction.
6. according to the described protection system of one of claim 1 to 5, wherein said grid supporter (4) is formed from steel.
7. according to the described protection system of one of claim 1 to 6, wherein said grid supporter (4) interconnects on its contact point securely, especially welding.
8. according to the described protection system of one of claim 1 to 7, wherein elementary cell (5) has the horizontal expansion of about 0.5m to 4.0m, and has the height extension of about 0.5m to 4.0m.
9. according to the described protection system of one of claim 1 to 8, wherein use concrete, especially foam concrete as decay material (9).
10. according to the described protection system of one of claim 1 to 9, wherein said decay material (9) is by fibre strengthening.
11. according to the described protection system of one of claim 1 to 10, wherein said damping layer (3) impacts side and is provided with covering layer.
12. protection system according to claim 11, wherein said covering layer is by steel or composite material manufacturing.
13. according to claim 11 or 12 described protection systems, wherein said covering layer is secured on the described cushion coat (3) by anchoring element.
14. according to the described protection system of one of claim 1 to 12, wherein the bottom surface of the elementary cell (5) of each grid layer (6) is arranged in common plane, and wherein these plane parallel are arranged in the surface of building wall or chamber wall.
15. building, container or industrial facility that have wall, described wall is provided with in desired shock zone at least partly according to the described protection system of one of claim 1 to 14.
CN2011800643566A 2011-01-07 2011-12-16 Protective system for walls of buildings or containers Pending CN103314168A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011008067A DE102011008067A1 (en) 2011-01-07 2011-01-07 Protection system for building or container walls
DE102011008067.8 2011-01-07
PCT/EP2011/006377 WO2012092949A2 (en) 2011-01-07 2011-12-16 Protective system for walls of buildings or containers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN103314168A true CN103314168A (en) 2013-09-18

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Country Status (8)

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US (1) US20130295340A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2661527B1 (en)
CN (1) CN103314168A (en)
BR (1) BR112013017015A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2824408A1 (en)
DE (1) DE102011008067A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2012092949A2 (en)
ZA (1) ZA201303907B (en)

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CN103966980A (en) * 2014-05-21 2014-08-06 湖南大学 Steel-concrete combined ship-bridge-collision preventing device of bridge and ship-bridge- collision preventing bridge
CN108252510A (en) * 2018-03-28 2018-07-06 中铁十局集团第二工程有限公司 A kind of concrete divides storehouse to obstruct grid
CN108487490A (en) * 2018-04-16 2018-09-04 太原理工大学 The composite protection structure of explosion-proof impact
CN111677976A (en) * 2020-07-09 2020-09-18 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 Water supply pipeline protection structure capable of being used for hydroelectric engineering side slope region in canyon region

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US20130295340A1 (en) 2013-11-07
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