CN103311938A - Control method for synchronous casting and cutting of three-phase capacitive load in three-phase circuit - Google Patents
Control method for synchronous casting and cutting of three-phase capacitive load in three-phase circuit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a control technology of capacitive casting and cutting compound switches, in particular to a control method for synchronous casting and cutting of three-phase capacitive load in a three-phase circuit, and aims to achieve, during the synchronous casting and cutting of the three-phase capacitive load, that two adjacent casting and cutting time is free of restrictions, casting moment is not accompanied with surge flows and current waveforms in the casting moment are sine waves, and thoroughly overcome the defects of the existing domestic capacitive casting and cutting compound switches. The control method includes steps of self-defining to access to a three-phase phase sequence of a three-phase source inside; setting a reference phase; subjecting two ends of a main contact of a contactor to equipotential sampling; judging uniformity of real-time phase sequence of the three-phase source and the self-defined phase sequence; controlling the contactor in a crisscrossed manner and the like. Compared with the prior art, the control method has synchronous precision superior to 50 microseconds and response time less than 40 milliseconds; triggering time is unaffected by capacitor residual-voltage, and time intervals of continuous and repeated casting and cutting can be cut down to 0.5 second in the crisscrossed manner; besides, severe accidents of device blasting during device failure are avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the control technology of capacitor switching combination switch, particularly a kind of control method for the synchronous switching of three-phase circuit three-phase capacitive load.
Background technology
Domestic capacitor switching combination switch (0.4kV) all uses magnetic latching relay and the compound mode in parallel with thyristor to do the switched capacitor operation at present.Its basic principle is to bear the break-make excessively Z-operation of moment by thyristor, during stable state by relay work, capacitor access and excision moment no-flashy-flow have been realized and without switching overvoltage, yet, because excision moment thyristor two ends will be born line voltage more than 3 times (electrical network without background harmonics time) even be reached voltage (during background harmonics) more than 5 times, and when the repeat switch time interval is in 5 seconds, situation is even more serious, its result causes thyristor moment puncture, causes thyristor to burst.In addition, because the thyristor zero passage drops into the variable effect that is subjected to capacitor residual voltage, the input immediate current is spike, and this is the common fault that present combination switch exists.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to design a kind of control method for the synchronous switching of three-phase circuit three-phase capacitive load, make adjacent twice input mute time unrestricted, drop into the moment no-flashy-flow, it is sinusoidal wave dropping into the immediate current waveform, thoroughly eliminates the defective of at present domestic capacitor switching combination switch.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical solution: a kind of control method for the synchronous switching of three-phase circuit three-phase capacitive load is characterized in that it comprises following steps:
(1) three-phase phase-sequence of inner self-defining access three phase mains: the three-phase of inner definition three phase mains be X phase, Y phase and Z mutually, three-phase main-frequency voltage is U
x, U
y, U
z, this definition is irrelevant with the phase sequence of the three phase mains reality of access, and supposition Y phase power-frequency voltage Uy hysteresis X phase power-frequency voltage Ux phase place
Z phase power-frequency voltage U
zLeading X phase power-frequency voltage U
xPhase place
Y directly connects any phase of described three-phase capacitive load mutually, and the X phase connects other any two-phases of described three-phase capacitive load with Z by contactor;
(2) set reference phase, gather reference phase signal, the output Shaping synchronization pulse: get X phase and Z mutually the voltage of two-phase power-frequency voltage after step-down as reference phase U
Xz, to described reference phase U
XzGather, collection signal is through the shaping circuit shaping, the output Shaping synchronization pulse;
(3) main noddle on contactor two terminal potentials are sampled: adopt X equal potentials circuit and Z equal potentials circuit respectively the potential difference Δ U at X phase contact and Z phase contact main contact two ends to be carried out synchronized sampling, when described potential difference Δ U was zero, described X equal potentials circuit and Z equal potentials circuit were exported respectively the equipotential pulse signal;
(4) judge the phase sequence homogeny of the real-time phase sequence of three phase mains and self-defining: XOR processing and phase sequence cognition are made in described equipotential pulse and described shaping lock-out pulse, drawn the real-time phase sequence of three phase mains of access and the phase sequence homogeny of self-defining;
(5) set each phase control order, determine the making time point of each contactor: when setting described three-phase capacitive load and devoting oneself to work, by controlling first the X phase, rear control Z phase sequence, when setting described three-phase capacitive load excision work, by controlling first the Z phase, rear control X phase sequence;
According to the judgement of the phase sequence homogeny of the real-time phase sequence of three phase mains and self-defining, simultaneously in conjunction with described three-phase capacitive load need of work, determine the making time point of each phase contact:
1. when the phase sequence of access three phase mains and self-defining is identical, and when described three-phase capacitive load need be devoted oneself to work, at described shaping lock-out pulse rising edge, 210 ° of phase shifts, described X phase contact main contact both end voltage is the zero passage moment, trigger the described X phase contact closed action of control, carry out simultaneously the control of positive phase sequence intersection, through time-delay t
α, described Z phase contact main contact both end voltage is the zero passage moment, triggers the described Z phase contact closed action of control, wherein, and described t
α, during for three phase mains positive phase sequence, in the cycle, the blanking time between second potential pulse that first potential pulse that described X equal potentials circuit produces and described Z equal potentials circuit produce,
F is mains frequency, and unit is hertz;
2. when the phase sequence of access three phase mains and self-defining is identical, and when described three-phase capacitive load need excise work, since 90 ° of voltage delay current phases, therefore, at described shaping lock-out pulse rising edge, through 120 ° of phase shifts, at this moment, the electric current that described Z phase contact passes through is the zero passage moment, triggers the described Z phase contact disjunction action of control, carry out simultaneously the control of positive phase sequence intersection, and through time-delay t
1, the electric current that described X phase contact passes through is the zero passage moment, triggers the described X phase contact disjunction action of control, wherein, and described t
1Be delay time,
Chronomere is second;
3. when the phase sequence of access three phase mains and self-defining is opposite, and when described three-phase capacitive load need be devoted oneself to work, at described shaping lock-out pulse rising edge, 330 ° of phase shifts, described X phase contact main contact both end voltage is the zero passage moment, trigger the described X phase contact closed action of control, carry out simultaneously the control of negative-phase sequence intersection, through time-delay t
β, described Z phase contact main contact both end voltage is the zero passage moment, triggers the described Z phase contact closed action of control, wherein, and described t
βDuring for the three phase mains negative-phase sequence, in the cycle, the blanking time between first potential pulse that second potential pulse that described X equal potentials circuit produces and described Z equal potentials circuit produce,
4. when the phase sequence of access three phase mains and self-defining is opposite, and when described three-phase capacitive load need excise work, because 90 ° of voltage delay current phases, therefore, at described shaping lock-out pulse rising edge, through 60 ° of phase shifts, the electric current that described Z phase contact passes through is the zero passage moment, trigger the described Z phase contact disjunction action of control, carry out simultaneously the control of negative-phase sequence intersection, and through time-delay t
2, trigger the described X phase contact disjunction action of control, wherein, described t
2Be delay time,
Chronomere is second.
The present invention has current potential for the contactor that guarantees synchronous switching and the tie point of described three-phase capacitive load, make the current potential of described three-phase capacitive load be promoted to maximum, technical scheme is further arranged: also be provided with the three-phase capacitive load is carried out precharge step: at the beginning of the initialization of described three-phase capacitive load, three phase mains carries out precharge by charging circuit to described capacitive load, make the current potential of described capacitive load be promoted to maximum, guarantee that the contactor of synchronous switching and the tie point of described capacitive load have current potential.
The present invention is applicable to the application scenario of the single-phase contactor of Synchronization Control (containing magnetic latching relay) operating passing zero capacitive load in the three-phase circuit.It is fast to have a response time, and adjacent to drop into the mute time for twice unrestricted, drops into the moment no-flashy-flow, and dropping into the immediate current waveform be sine wave.
The attainable advantage of the present invention: synchronization accuracy is better than 50 microseconds (0.9 electrical degree), and the response time is less than 40 milliseconds.Under cross-mode, the triggered time is not subjected to the impact of capacitor residual voltage, and the switching time interval shortens to 0.5 second thereby make continuously repeatedly, and the input immediate current is sinusoidal waveform; Under the equipotential pattern, the triggered time is subjected to the impact of capacitor residual voltage, and adjacent twice making time interval is approximately in 5 seconds.The preferential cross-mode of carrying out when cross-mode lost efficacy, transfers equipotential pattern (at this moment dropping into immediate current is impulse form) to automatically during operation.The serious accident that can not burst during failure of apparatus.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, synchronous operation/cutting method of the present invention is elaborated.
Fig. 1 is the functional-block diagram of control method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 a is three phase mains positive sequence reference voltage U
XzPhase diagram.
Fig. 2 b is the positive sequence reference voltage U of shaping circuit output
XzShaping figure.
X phase contact main contact both end voltage oscillogram when Fig. 2 c is the access of three phase mains positive sequence.
The zero potential pulse diagram of X equal potentials circuit output when Fig. 2 d is the access of three phase mains positive sequence.
Z phase contact main contact both end voltage oscillogram when Fig. 2 e is the access of three phase mains positive sequence.
The zero potential pulse diagram of Z equal potentials circuit output when Fig. 2 f is the access of three phase mains positive sequence.
Fig. 3 a is three phase mains inverted sequence U
XzThe reference voltage phase diagram.
Fig. 3 b is the inverted sequence reference voltage U of shaping circuit output
XzShaping figure.
X phase contact main contact both end voltage oscillogram when Fig. 3 c is the access of three phase mains inverted sequence.
The zero potential pulse diagram of X equal potentials circuit output when Fig. 3 d is the access of three phase mains inverted sequence.
Z phase contact main contact both end voltage oscillogram when Fig. 3 e is the access of three phase mains inverted sequence.
The zero potential pulse diagram of Z equal potentials circuit output when Fig. 3 f is the access of three phase mains inverted sequence.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment comprises following steps:
(1) three-phase phase-sequence of inner self-defining access three phase mains: the three-phase of inner definition three phase mains be X phase, Y phase and Z mutually, three-phase main-frequency voltage is U
x, U
y, U
z, this definition is irrelevant with the phase sequence of the three phase mains reality of access, and supposition Y phase power-frequency voltage Uy hysteresis X phase power-frequency voltage Ux phase place
Z phase power-frequency voltage U
zLeading X phase power-frequency voltage U
xPhase place
Y directly connects any phase of described three-phase capacitive load mutually, and the X phase connects other any two-phases of described three-phase capacitive load with Z by contactor.
(2) described three-phase capacitive load is carried out precharge: at the beginning of the initialization of described three-phase capacitive load, three phase mains by X phase charging circuit 5 and Z mutually 7 pairs of described three-phase capacitive loads of charging circuit carry out precharge, make the current potential of described three-phase capacitive load be promoted to maximum, guarantee that the contactor of synchronous switching and the tie point of described three-phase capacitive load have current potential.
Described X phase pre-charge circuit 5 or Z phase charging circuit 7 are constituted by a diode, and it and X phase contact or two main contacts of Z phase contact are connected in parallel, and wherein upper contact head connects power supply, and lower contact connects load.When it act as the three phase mains access, power supply made the current potential of lower contact be promoted to maximum by the charging of diode pair capacitive load.Simultaneously pre-charge circuit provides the direct current constant potential between for contact when electric capacity excises.
(3) set reference phase, gather reference phase signal, the output Shaping synchronization pulse: get X phase and Z mutually the voltage of two-phase power-frequency voltage after step-down as reference phase U
Xz(phase diagram is seen Fig. 2 a or Fig. 3 a), to described reference phase U
XzGather, collection signal is through the shaping circuit shaping, output Shaping lock-out pulse b signal (the pulsion phase bitmap is seen Fig. 2 b or Fig. 3 b).
(4) X phase contact 11 and Z phase contact 10 main contacts two terminal potentials are sampled: adopt X equal potentials circuit 4 and Z equal potentials circuit 6 respectively the potential difference Δ U at X phase contact 11 and Z phase contact 10 main contact two ends to be carried out synchronized sampling.At this moment, the oscillogram of X phase contact 11 and Z phase contact 10 main contacts two terminal potentials is different according to the three-phase power supply phase sequence access, has corresponding oscillogram:
During the access of three phase mains positive sequence, X phase contact 11 main contact both end voltage oscillograms are seen Fig. 2 c, and Z phase contact 10 main contact both end voltage oscillograms are seen Fig. 2 e.
When accessing during the three phase mains inverted sequence, X phase contact 11 main contact both end voltage oscillograms are seen Fig. 3 c, and Z phase contact 10 main contact both end voltage oscillograms are seen Fig. 3 e.
When described potential difference Δ U was zero, X equal potentials circuit 4 and Z equal potentials circuit 6 were exported respectively equipotential pulse d, f signal.When three phase mains positive sequence accessed, described equipotential pulsion phase bitmap was seen Fig. 2 d and Fig. 2 f, and when the three phase mains inverted sequence accessed, described equipotential pulsion phase bitmap was seen Fig. 3 d and Fig. 3 f.
Described X equal potentials circuit or Z equal potentials circuit are comprised of current-limiting resistance, bridge rectifier and optocoupler, and it and two main contacts of contactor are connected in parallel.But the potential difference of its real-time tracking contactor two contact obtains the equipotential pulse, makes simultaneously triggering reference phase for subsequent use, only when pre-charge circuit lost efficacy, substitutes the said reference phase place.
(5) judge the phase sequence homogeny of the real-time phase sequence of three phase mains and self-defining: described equipotential pulse d, f and described shaping lock-out pulse b are made XOR processing and phase sequence cognition 3, draw the real-time phase sequence of three phase mains of access and the phase sequence homogeny of self-defining;
(6) set each phase control order, determine the making time point of each contactor: when setting described three-phase capacitive load and devoting oneself to work, by controlling first the X phase, rear control Z phase sequence, when setting described three-phase capacitive load excision work, by controlling first the Z phase, rear control X phase sequence;
1. when the phase sequence of access three phase mains and self-defining is identical, and when described three-phase capacitive load need be devoted oneself to work, at described shaping lock-out pulse b rising edge, 210 ° of phase shifts (seeing Fig. 2 b), described X phase contact 11 main contact both end voltage are zero passage constantly (seeing A point among Fig. 2 c), trigger described X phase contact 11 closed action of control, carry out simultaneously positive phase sequence intersection control 8, through time-delay t
α, described Z phase contact 10 main contact both end voltage are zero passage constantly (seeing B point among Fig. 2 e), trigger described Z phase contact 10 closed action of control, wherein, and described t
α, during for three phase mains positive phase sequence, in the cycle, the blanking time between second potential pulse that first potential pulse that described X equal potentials circuit produces and described Z equal potentials circuit produce,
F is mains frequency, and unit is hertz;
2. when the phase sequence of access three phase mains and self-defining is identical, and when described three-phase capacitive load need excise work, since 90 ° of voltage delay current phases, therefore, at described shaping lock-out pulse b rising edge (seeing Fig. 2 b), through 120 ° of phase shifts, at this moment, the electric current that described Z phase contact 10 passes through is the zero passage moment, triggers the described Z phase contact 10 disjunctions action of control, carry out simultaneously positive phase sequence intersection control 8, and through time-delay t
1, the electric current that described X phase contact 11 passes through is the zero passage moment, triggers the described X phase contact 11 disjunctions action of control, wherein, and described t
1Be delay time,
Chronomere is second;
3. when the phase sequence of access three phase mains and self-defining is opposite, and when described three-phase capacitive load need be devoted oneself to work, at described shaping lock-out pulse b rising edge, 330 ° of phase shifts (seeing Fig. 3 b), described X phase contact 11 main contact both end voltage are zero passage constantly (seeing C point among Fig. 3 c), trigger described X phase contact 11 closed action of control, carry out simultaneously negative-phase sequence intersection control 9, through time-delay t
β, described Z phase contact 10 main contact both end voltage are zero passage constantly (seeing D point among Fig. 3 e), trigger described Z phase contact 10 closed action of control, wherein, and described t
βDuring for the three phase mains negative-phase sequence, in the cycle, the blanking time between first potential pulse that second potential pulse that described X equal potentials circuit produces and described Z equal potentials circuit produce,
4. when the phase sequence of access three phase mains and self-defining is opposite, and when described three-phase capacitive load need excise work, because 90 ° of voltage delay current phases, therefore, at described shaping lock-out pulse b rising edge (seeing Fig. 3 b), through 60 ° of phase shifts, the electric current that described Z phase contact 11 passes through is the zero passage moment, trigger the described Z phase contact 11 disjunctions action of control, carry out simultaneously negative-phase sequence intersection control 9, and through time-delay t
2, trigger the described X phase contact 10 disjunctions action of control, wherein, described t
2Be delay time,
Chronomere is second.
When mains frequency f is 50 hertz, t
α=0.015 second, t
β=0.005 second, t
1=0.005 second, t
2=0.015 second.
The present invention adopts phase place to intersect and two kinds of synchronized samplings of equipotential, drops into when guaranteeing between magnetic latching relay two contacts zero potential, realizes the no-flashy-flow connection.During excision, guarantee that by the synchronizing voltage phase place condenser current is zero constantly excision.And when phase place is intersected inefficacy, automatically transfer the equipotential method of synchronization to.
The present invention is applicable to the application scenario of the single-phase contactor of Synchronization Control (containing magnetic latching relay) operating passing zero capacitive load in the three-phase circuit.It is fast to have a response time, and adjacent to drop into the mute time for twice unrestricted, drops into the moment no-flashy-flow, and dropping into the immediate current waveform be sine wave.
The attainable advantage of the present invention: synchronization accuracy is better than 50 microseconds (0.9 electrical degree), and the response time is less than 40 milliseconds.Under cross-mode, the triggered time is not subjected to the impact of capacitor residual voltage, and the switching time interval shortens to 0.5 second thereby make continuously repeatedly, and the input immediate current is sinusoidal waveform; Under the equipotential pattern, the triggered time is subjected to the impact of capacitor residual voltage, and adjacent twice making time interval is approximately in 5 seconds.The preferential cross-mode of carrying out when cross-mode lost efficacy, transfers equipotential pattern (at this moment dropping into immediate current is impulse form) to automatically during operation.The serious accident that can not burst during failure of apparatus.
Claims (2)
1. control method that is used for the synchronous switching of three-phase circuit three-phase capacitive load is characterized in that it comprises following steps:
(1) three-phase phase-sequence of inner self-defining access three phase mains: the three-phase of inner definition three phase mains be X phase, Y phase and Z mutually, three-phase main-frequency voltage is U
x, U
y, U
z, this definition is irrelevant with the phase sequence of the three phase mains reality of access, and supposition Y phase power-frequency voltage Uy hysteresis X phase power-frequency voltage Ux phase place
Z phase power-frequency voltage U
zLeading X phase power-frequency voltage U
xPhase place
Y directly connects any phase of described three-phase capacitive load mutually, and the X phase connects other any two-phases of described three-phase capacitive load with Z by contactor;
(2) set reference phase, gather reference phase signal, the output Shaping synchronization pulse: get X phase and Z mutually the voltage of two-phase power-frequency voltage after step-down as reference phase U
Xz, to described reference phase U
XzGather, collection signal is through shaping circuit (2) shaping, output Shaping lock-out pulse (b) signal;
(3) main noddle on contactor two terminal potentials are sampled: adopt X equal potentials circuit (4) and Z equal potentials circuit (6) respectively the potential difference Δ U at X phase contact (11) and Z phase contact (10) main contact two ends to be carried out synchronized sampling, when described potential difference Δ U was zero, described X equal potentials circuit (4) and Z equal potentials circuit (6) were exported respectively equipotential pulse (d), (f) signal;
(4) judge the phase sequence homogeny of the real-time phase sequence of three phase mains and self-defining: described equipotential pulse (d), (f) are made XOR processing and phase sequence cognition (3) with described shaping lock-out pulse (b), draw the real-time phase sequence of three phase mains of access and the phase sequence homogeny of self-defining;
(5) set each phase control order, determine the making time point of each contactor: when setting described three-phase capacitive load and devoting oneself to work, by controlling first the X phase, rear control Z phase sequence, when setting described three-phase capacitive load excision work, by controlling first the Z phase, rear control X phase sequence;
According to the judgement of the phase sequence homogeny of the real-time phase sequence of three phase mains and self-defining, simultaneously in conjunction with described three-phase capacitive load need of work, determine the making time point of each phase contact:
1. when the phase sequence of access three phase mains and self-defining is identical, and when described three-phase capacitive load need be devoted oneself to work, at described shaping lock-out pulse (b) rising edge, 210 ° of phase shifts, described X phase contact (11) main contact both end voltage is the zero passage moment, trigger control described X phase contact (11) closed action, carry out simultaneously positive phase sequence intersection control (8), through time-delay t
α, described Z phase contact (10) main contact both end voltage is the zero passage moment, triggers control described Z phase contact (10) closed action, wherein, and described t
α, during for three phase mains positive phase sequence, in the cycle, the blanking time between second potential pulse that first potential pulse that described X equal potentials circuit produces and described Z equal potentials circuit produce,
F is mains frequency, and unit is hertz;
2. when the phase sequence of access three phase mains and self-defining is identical, and when described three-phase capacitive load need excise work, since 90 ° of voltage delay current phases, therefore, at described shaping lock-out pulse (b) rising edge, through 120 ° of phase shifts, at this moment, the electric current that described Z phase contact (10) passes through is the zero passage moment, triggers control described Z phase contact (10) disjunction action, carry out simultaneously positive phase sequence intersection control (8), and through time-delay t
1, the electric current that described X phase contact (11) passes through is the zero passage moment, triggers control described X phase contact (11) disjunction action, wherein, and described t
1Be delay time,
Chronomere is second;
3. when the phase sequence of access three phase mains and self-defining is opposite, and when described three-phase capacitive load need be devoted oneself to work, at described shaping lock-out pulse (b) rising edge, 330 ° of phase shifts, described X phase contact (11) main contact both end voltage is the zero passage moment, trigger control described X phase contact (11) closed action, carry out simultaneously negative-phase sequence intersection control (9), through time-delay t
β, described Z phase contact (10) main contact both end voltage is the zero passage moment, triggers control described Z phase contact (10) closed action, wherein, and described t
βDuring for the three phase mains negative-phase sequence, in the cycle, the blanking time between first potential pulse that second potential pulse that described X equal potentials circuit produces and described Z equal potentials circuit produce,
4. when the phase sequence of access three phase mains and self-defining is opposite, and when described three-phase capacitive load need excise work, because 90 ° of voltage delay current phases, therefore, at described shaping lock-out pulse (b) rising edge, through 60 ° of phase shifts, the electric current that described Z phase contact (10) passes through is the zero passage moment, trigger control described Z phase contact (10) disjunction action, carry out simultaneously negative-phase sequence intersection control (9), and through time-delay t
2, trigger control described X phase contact (11) disjunction action, wherein, described t
2Be delay time,
Chronomere is second.
2. a kind of control method for the synchronous switching of three-phase circuit three-phase capacitive load according to claim 1, it is characterized in that also being provided with the three-phase capacitive load is carried out precharge step: at the beginning of the initialization of described three-phase capacitive load, three phase mains carries out precharge by charging circuit to described capacitive load, make the current potential of described capacitive load be promoted to maximum, guarantee that the contactor of synchronous switching and the tie point of described capacitive load have current potential.
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| CN201310268297.5A CN103311938B (en) | 2013-06-25 | 2013-06-25 | Control method for synchronous casting and cutting of three-phase capacitive load in three-phase circuit |
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| CN201310268297.5A CN103311938B (en) | 2013-06-25 | 2013-06-25 | Control method for synchronous casting and cutting of three-phase capacitive load in three-phase circuit |
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| CN108111151A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-01 | 广州广电计量检测股份有限公司 | Method of controlling switch and system, switching control device and test device |
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| CN108111151B (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2021-05-28 | 广州广电计量检测股份有限公司 | Switch control method and system, switch control equipment and test device |
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| CN103311938B (en) | 2015-03-25 |
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