CN103309265A - Small-sized nuclear magnetic resonance equipment controller used for one-dimensional spectrum analysis - Google Patents
Small-sized nuclear magnetic resonance equipment controller used for one-dimensional spectrum analysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN103309265A CN103309265A CN2013101890701A CN201310189070A CN103309265A CN 103309265 A CN103309265 A CN 103309265A CN 2013101890701 A CN2013101890701 A CN 2013101890701A CN 201310189070 A CN201310189070 A CN 201310189070A CN 103309265 A CN103309265 A CN 103309265A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a small-sized nuclear magnetic resonance equipment controller, which is used for petroleum exploitation and the analysis of oilseeds and capable of analyzing the oil-water content and distribution of oil-water mixtures and the oilseeds. The small-sized nuclear magnetic resonance equipment controller enables the nuclear magnetic resonance equipment to be miniaturized, is designed on the basis of a DSP (digital signal processor) and an FPGA (field programmable gate array), is assisted with a radio frequency front-and-rear end circuit, is subjected to data interaction with a computer by a USB (universal serial bus) 2.0 and is controlled by the computer. All electronic elements of the small-sized nuclear magnetic resonance equipment controller are integrated on a 100mm*220mm circuit board. The small-sized nuclear magnetic resonance equipment controller is successfully verified through the analysis on canola oil and oilseeds in a small-sized nuclear magnetic resonance system smaller than 0.7T.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of small cores magnetic resonance device controller that is applied to petroleum prospecting and oilseed analysis, be mainly used in nuclear magnetic resonance one dimension relaxation spectrum in the petroleum exploration and development research, also be used for simultaneously the directions such as oil-containing water cut component analysis of oilseed.
Technical background
Nuclear magnetic resonance technique is mainly used in two fields, is respectively Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectral analysis of the nuclear magnetic resonance (MRS).The MRS technology is the spectral line characteristic according to NMR signal, mainly be to utilize the line structure of material inside and the relaxation time of material at the inner diverse location of this material this relation of different values to be arranged, to molecular structure, the interior something content of object etc. carries out analysis to measure.Because nuclear magnetic resonance technique is the method for non-intervention type, can not cause any physical hazard to testee, so the MRS technology not only is applied in the physics and chemistry area research, and also obtained in fields such as biology, agricultural, petroleum detection analyses using very widely.MRS is mainly used in the relaxation spectrum of spectrum analysis and a peacekeeping two dimension and analyzes two aspects.In spectrum analysis, rely on to measure chemical shift to NMR signal different impact on frequency, analyze by the frequency spectrum to NMR signal, obtain the information such as concrete structure of the molecule of the material that will study.Scientific research institution mainly is applied to the MRS technology in the spectrum analysis.The relaxation spectrum analysis mainly is to utilize the varying environment at the difference of the content of something in the object and molecule place can cause different impacts on the amplitude of NMR signal with the relaxation time, by analyzing NMR signal amplitude and the relaxation time of this material, measure the content of this material in this object, the amalyzing substances inner structure.At present relaxation spectrum analysis is widely used in fields such as petroleum prospecting analysis and oilseed analyses.
For this situation, the present invention has designed a kind of low-cost controller of small cores magnetic resonance device that relaxation spectrum is analyzed that is exclusively used in, this controller is with the signal emission and reception of nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer, carry out data interaction and sequence control integration in same controller with computing machine, and link to each other with the small cores magnetic resonance device by core bus, then communicate by communication interface and computing machine.Because the communication between spectrometer and the computing machine only needs a usb data line to get final product, therefore this multi-functional acquisition module has improved level of integrated system greatly, save hardware resource, also greatly facilitated the upgrading of operation, maintenance and the software and hardware of system equipment simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of cheaply small cores magnetic resonance device controller, make it under the prerequisite that guarantees nuclear magnetic resonance analyser corresponding function and experimental analysis quality, compare with other like products and have more competitive power.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides signal emission and reception with nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer, carry out data interaction and the sequence control integration controller to the same circuit board with computing machine, it mainly comprises: numerical frequency source circuit, Digital Down Convert circuit and sequence manager three parts.
At first, the numerical frequency source circuit is that it mainly is comprised of phase accumulator, sine lookup table, digital to analog converter and low-pass filter according to the needed waveform of the Composition of phase place and amplitude.The conventional practice is to adopt special-purpose numerical frequency source chip, and we are for better integrated level and save cost, mainly rely on the digital controlled oscillator of FPGA inside.Digital controlled oscillator is realized based on coordinate rotation digital computer algorithm.Compare with other digital controlled oscillator generation methods, the coordinate rotation digital computer algorithm main advantage is that it can be issued at hardware resource still less high phase place and frequency accuracy and high travelling speed.The high-precision programmable element of digital controlled oscillator inside is comprised of phase accumulator, frequency control register, phase control register and amplitude modulation(PAM) register.The hardware design of DDS mainly is comprised of FPGA, digital to analog converter, operational amplifier, numerical-control attenuator and low-pass filter.FPGA adopts the EP3C55F484C8 chip of the CYCLONE II worker series of altera corp, and rear three chips and other electronic devices and components are as the analog front circuit in numerical frequency source.Waveform signal changes simulating signal into through digital to analog converter AD9742 after being produced by FPGA, via operational amplifier OPA680 signal is amplified, and comes the shutoff of control signal by it; Then come control signal gain size through digital pad MAATSS0015, excited afterwards radio-frequency coil finally by crossing low-pass filter filtering.
The second, Digital Down Convert refers to quadrature carrier signal multiplication and the filtering of intermediate-freuqncy signal through producing with digital controlled oscillator after the A/D sampling is obtained baseband digitized signal.Digital Down Convert is comprised of digital controlled oscillator, digital multiplier, digital filter three parts.Realize that at present the Digital Down Convert mode has software to realize the integrated three kinds of methods of proprietary hardware chip and FPGA.We take full advantage of the FPGA internal resource, at the inner integrated DDC of FPGA.At first radio-frequency input signals is inputted from AFE (analog front end), at first through the radio-frequency (RF) switch SW-239 of two-stage by FPGA control, the shutoff of control signal; Then pass through two-stage gain amplifier SGA-4586 (Z) and a digital pad MAATSS0015, so that the gain of signal receive section is controlled, controlled range is; 0-15dB, precision is 1dB.Then pass through after low-pass filter and the radio-frequency transformer (RFT), the single channel simulating signal is become differential analog signal, enter analog to digital converter AD9629.Sampled signal enters Digital Down Convert (DDC) module of FPGA afterwards.The DDC processing procedure comprises following several stages: (1) quadrature demodulation; (2) carry out multistage program control filtering by cascaded integrator-comb (CIC) decimation filter, CIC compensation and user configured FIR wave filter; (3) gain modulation.Multiplexer in the control core can be walked around certain one-level wave filter according to practical application.Because embed the effect of the DDC module of FPGA, the bandwidth of receiver is all adjustable from 3.9KHz to 10MHz.
The 3rd, sequence controller is one of core component of small cores magnetic resonance device control module, be responsible for to carry out the required pulse train of nuclear magnetic resonance experiment, and the parts such as receiving unit, frequency source in the control module are carried out Real Time Monitoring, makes each parts can co-ordination.The dsp chip TMS320LF2407 of Texas Instruments is as sequence controller, and it links to each other by 16 external memory interface with FPGA, so that sequence controller can be configured the register of FPGA inside and and can carry out data interaction with PFGA.During the sequence controller operation, at first the BOOTLAOD program of loadingsequence controller configures internal register and FPGA.FPGA can receive one 16 order and it is translated as various control signals in FPGA inside, controls in order to Digital Down Convert, numerical frequency source and outside gain control circuit to FPGA inside; After configuration is finished, wait for that computing machine sends interrupt instruction, after receiving interrupt instruction, begin to carry out corresponding interruption subroutine.In addition, DSP communicates by USB2.0 interface and computing machine, and computing machine sends the correlation parameter of various instructions, the sequence that will move and sequence to small cores magnetic resonance device controller by the USB2.0 interface.The USB2.0 control chip adopts the CYC768013 chip of Cypress company, and it is a kind of function admirable, and USB chip with low cost.It has 8/16 multiplexed data transmission line, and transmission speed can reach more than the 53M/s.Owing to having the operation of parallel interface and external interrupt, and supporting address bus and data multiplex.So in design, CY7C68013 can be regarded as an external storage controller with 8/16 bit data bus and address bus of DSP outside.So namely can simplified design, can realize again the function of USB high-speed transfer.
From the above mentioned, compare with traditional technology, the present invention has following technical advance:
A) the numerical frequency source is integrated among the FPGA, makes frequency source have the fast modulation function of amplitude, frequency and phase place, and improved the integrated level of equipment, saved hardware resource.
B) advance among the FP6A Digital Down Convert is integrated, can be according to the requirement of distinct device, flexible design, to realize different functions, can be not limited to data transfer speed like this, can reduce cost again, have very large dirigibility, also be conducive to Function Extension and the upgrading of system when being convenient to design.
C) adopt the CYC768013 chip to link to each other with computing machine, improved small cores magnetic resonance device controller compatibility and with communication speed and the quality of computing machine.
Description of drawings
From referring to the accompanying drawing detailed description of the preferred embodiment, the structure and characteristics of multi-functional acquisition module is more clear with making.
Fig. 1 is the global design scheme block diagram of small cores magnetic resonance device controller.Wherein the part in the dotted line frame is the logic diagram of circuit of small cores magnetic resonance device controller, and the outer part of dotted line frame is magnet, radio-frequency coil and the computing machine that is connected with type nuclear magnetic resonance analyser controller.
The small-sized nmr controller pictorial diagram of Fig. 2.
Fig. 3 sequence controller workflow diagram.
Fig. 4 numerical frequency source hardware block diagram
Fig. 5 Digital Down Convert hardware block diagram
The rapeseed oil that Fig. 6 controller employing free induction (FID) method obtains ' H free induction decay (FID) signal.
Fig. 7 is that controller adopts water and the oily content in the Hahn echo-location oilseed.
Embodiment
The embodiment that realizes the small-sized nmr controller of the present invention is described referring to accompanying drawing.
Small cores magnetic resonance device controller is on the small cores magnetic resonance system of packing into, and after powering on, its work is carried out according to flow process shown in Figure 1:
One, computing machine passes down the correlation parameter of sequence and the required operation of sequence to sequence controller by communication interface.
Two, after sequence controller received the instruction of computing machine and correlation parameter that computing machine sends, bringing into operation write the sequence of sequence controller, and the work of command number word signal processor.
Three, the numerical frequency source module of digital signal processor inside produces digital pulse signal.
Four, digital pulse signal carries out digital-to-analog conversion and radio frequency output front-end circuit through AFE (analog front end), gives radio-frequency coil after then being amplified by the radio frequency amplifier of outside, is used for excite magnetic resonance signals.
Five, after radio-frequency coil received radio-frequency (RF) pulse signal, the sample that is placed on radio-frequency coil inside was gone out NMR signal by magnetic field induction.Meanwhile the radio-frequency (RF) switch of small cores magnetic resonance device controller is opened, and NMR signal is amplified through prime amplifier, delivers to afterwards rf analog front-end and carries out gain-adjusted and analog to digital conversion.
Six, digital signal processor receives the digital signal through the analog to digital converter conversion, delivers to the Digital Down Converter Module of digital signal processor, and carries out filtering and process, and then data is delivered to sequence controller.
Seven, sequence controller by communication interface the data back that receives to computing machine, carry out follow-up digital signal processing and figure and show.
In example shown in Figure 3, the specific works flow process of sequence controller is
One, to the sequence controller electrification reset, sequence controller begins to carry out self check and initialization procedure;
Two, wait for to interrupt, if interrupt occuring, download sequence and configure correlation parameter then, when sequence download finish after End of Interrupt;
Three, enter idle condition, begin such as the infructescence outage this moment, and the correlated series that then brings into operation if do not begin, then continues to wait for;
Four, running process pulse and judge whether train pulse finishes does not finish if train pulse, and then continues operation;
Five, train pulse end of run is then got back to idle condition.
In example shown in Figure 4, the workflow in numerical frequency source is that phase accumulator at first carries out linear superposition to frequency control word, output valve after process is cumulative is as the phase value coherent signal, by the input as sine lookup table, begin amplitude is carried out addressing, synthesize digitized wave forms after finding corresponding output amplitude, be converted into simulating signal corresponding to digital waveform through analog to digital converter again, obtain continuous sinusoidal waveform finally by crossing after low-pass filter is processed.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 5, the workflow of Digital Down Convert is the quadrature carrier signal multiplication of input signal through producing with NCO after the analog to digital conversion, then filters unwanted frequency in the inner mode of filtering that adopts of digital signal processor.Concrete processing procedure comprises following several stages: (1) quadrature demodulation; (2) by cascaded integrator-comb decimation filter (CIC), CIC compensation with can carry out multistage program control filtering by the user configured limit for length's of having unit impulse response wave filter (FIR); (3) gain modulation.Wherein quadrature demodulation, namely digital mixing is comprised of two multipliers and digital controlled oscillator.The signal x (n) that at first inputs certain frequency enters after the DDC, and the orthogonal signal of the fixed frequency that at first will produce with NCO multiply each other, and become two-way orthogonal signal I (n) and Q (n).Then carrying out filtering through digital filter processes.Digital filter has limit for length's unit impulse response wave filter (FIR) to form by a cascaded integrator-comb decimation filter (CIC) and two.Behind signal sampling, pass through again orthogonal transformation, input frequency signal becomes baseband frequency signal.But through frequency conversion, the speed of data itself does not change, and remains the sampling rate of analog to digital converter, and this speed substantially exceeds nyquist frequency, and decimation filter carries out filtering extraction to data, has realized the sampling reduction of speed.
Can see by above 5 embodiment, realized that take DSP and FPGA as the small-sized nmr controller of core NMR signal transmits and receives function, and can carry out data transmission by USB2.0 interface and computing machine, and computing machine is controlled the operation of small-sized nmr controller by this interface.This design has improved the integrated level of equipment, and has saved hardware resource and design cost.Small-sized nmr controller is integrated in the small cores magnetic resonance device by core bus, is convenient to maintenance and operation.Along with the development of nuclear magnetic resonance analyser correlation technique, small cores magnetic resonance device controller can add gradient generation module, can do the experiment of two-dimensional spectrum related fields, expands its function.
Claims (4)
1. controller that is used for the small cores magnetic resonance device comprises: the numerical frequency source circuit, and the emission sine wave signal exciting radio-frequency coil after amplifying through power amplifier; The Digital Down Convert circuit, the AFE (analog front end) received RF signal, and the Digital Down Converter Module that the signal after will processing through AFE (analog front end) is delivered to FPGA by analog to digital converter is done digital processing; A DSP as sequence controller, be used for to carry out the required various sequences of nuclear magnetic resonance experiment, and controls in real time the co-ordination of the parts such as receiver in the small cores magnetic resonance device controller, frequency source.
2. numerical frequency source circuit according to claim 1, it comprises three parts.At first be based on the numerical frequency source of FPGA, it mainly is comprised of phase accumulator, sine lookup table look-up table.Wherein FPGA adopts the EP3C55F484C8 chip of the CYCLONE III series of altera corp, in order to synthetic digitized sine wave; Next is digital to analog converter DAC, adopts the AD9742 of ADI company, and it changes the digitized sine wave of FPGA into analog sine; Then be the AFE (analog front end) part, comprise operational amplifier, numerical-control attenuator and low-pass filter, wherein operational amplifier adopts OPA680, and digital pad adopts MAATSS0015.
3. Digital Down Convert circuit according to claim 1, its analog input end receives simulating signal process radio-frequency (RF) switch, gain amplifier, digital pad and the wave filter from radio-frequency coil, be divided into differential signal finally by crossing transformer, after sending into analog to digital converter, carry out quadrature demodulation, digital filtering and gain modulation via FPGA and process.
4. sequence controller according to claim 1 is that the model that Texas Instruments produces is the DSP of TMS320LF2407, be responsible for carrying out the required pulse train of nuclear magnetic resonance experiment, the parts such as receiving unit, frequency source in the control module are carried out Real Time Monitoring, make each parts can co-ordination; And carry out data interaction by USB interface and computing machine, and the mountain computing machine sends instruction and loads the sequence that will move to DSP by the USB2.0 interface.
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| CN110618159A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2019-12-27 | 湖北民族大学 | LF-NMR determination method for water content of nanmu seeds |
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| CN112379317A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2021-02-19 | 武汉中科牛津波谱技术有限公司 | Nuclear magnetic resonance pulse sequence controller |
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