CN103308977B - Fiber grating carving and writing method that a kind of bandwidth is controlled and device - Google Patents
Fiber grating carving and writing method that a kind of bandwidth is controlled and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103308977B CN103308977B CN201310228540.0A CN201310228540A CN103308977B CN 103308977 B CN103308977 B CN 103308977B CN 201310228540 A CN201310228540 A CN 201310228540A CN 103308977 B CN103308977 B CN 103308977B
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Abstract
The invention discloses the controlled fiber grating carving and writing method of a kind of bandwidth and device, wherein, the method includes: optical fiber carries out carry hydrogen and processes, and remove its coat；The laser beam of the predetermined wavelength of laser transmitter projects is carried out Shape correction, and regulates the exposure area of this optical fiber after removing coat according to the laser data after shaping；By after the laser focusing of Shape correction through phase mask plate, the exposure area of this optical fiber is inscribed, it is thus achieved that fiber grating；Said method can be realized with phase mask plate by corresponding generating laser, exposure area adjustment module, cylindrical lens.The fiber grating bandwidth that method and device disclosed by the invention is inscribed can be not only restricted to inscribe Ultra-Violet Laser spot size and the degree of warbling of phase mask, is effectively reduced cost of manufacture；And the efficiency of the method inscription is higher, repeatability is stronger.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of optical fiber, particularly relate to the controlled fiber grating carving and writing method of a kind of bandwidth and device.
Background technology
Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (abbreviation fiber grating), as one of 21st century of paramount importance photonic device, with
The advantages such as its volume is little, highly sensitive, Wavelength-encoding, electromagnetism interference and optical fiber seamless link, Fibre Optical Sensor,
The fields such as communication and optical fiber laser are widely applied.
And along with optic communication and the development of laser technology, corresponding different concrete application, the bandwidth of fiber grating is wanted
Ask the most different.For 10GHz DWDM(intensity multiplexed optical wave with) in communication system, needed for fiber grating
Carry a width of 0.05nm-0.07nm；In normal light sensor-based system, fiber grating bandwidth scope is 0.1nm-0.2nm；And
Its bandwidth range of fiber grating needed for resonant cavity of fibre-optical laser is 0.5nm-2nm.The most how to design a kind of easy,
The controlled fiber grating carving and writing method of bandwidth economic, efficient becomes the focus of research.
Bandwidth currently for fiber grating controls mainly there is a following two method:
1) chirp phase mask plate method (mask plate method of warbling is to make phase mask plate initially): corroded by electron beam
Method, produces the phase mask plate of difference degree of warbling, then by optical fiber as phase mask plate after, use Ultra-Violet Laser
To exposed optical fiber, thus draw the fiber grating of different bandwidth.But, the cost of manufacture of the method is fairly expensive, often makes
The fiber grating making a kind of bandwidth then needs to configure one piece of corresponding phase mask plate.
2) spot shaping method: the method, by expanding method to ultraviolet laser shaping, can control the exposure length of hot spot；From
And reach to control the purpose of its bandwidth inscribing fiber grating with chirp phase mask plate.But, the Ultra-Violet Laser after expanding
Beam quality, uniformity all decline, cause recording quality to decline.Expanded it addition, expand rear spot size by Ultra-Violet Laser
Shu Jing and the restriction of template length, so, when making the fiber grating of big bandwidth, carved bandwidth is also limited.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the controlled fiber grating carving and writing method of a kind of bandwidth and device, its cost of manufacture is relatively low, carves
Write efficiency higher, and reusable.
It is an object of the invention to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The fiber grating carving and writing method that a kind of bandwidth is controlled, the method includes:
Optical fiber carries out carry hydrogen process, and remove its coat；
The laser beam of the predetermined wavelength of laser transmitter projects is carried out Shape correction, and adjusts according to laser data after shaping
Joint removes the exposure area of this optical fiber after coat；
By after the laser focusing of Shape correction through phase mask plate, the exposure area of this optical fiber is inscribed, it is thus achieved that light
Fine grating.
The fiber grating Written Device that a kind of bandwidth is controlled, this device includes: generating laser (213), beam shaping mould
Block (208), cylindrical lens (207), reflecting mirror (212) and phase mask plate (206)；
Wherein, described generating laser (213) is for launching the laser of predetermined wavelength；
Described light beam shaping module (208), for the laser beam to the predetermined wavelength that generating laser (213) is launched
Carry out Shape correction, and regulate the exposure area of the optical fiber after removing coat according to the feature of the laser after shaping；
Described cylindrical lens (207), for being focused processing to the laser of Shape correction；
Described reflecting mirror (212), is used for changing laser optical path and being finely adjusted laser optical path
Described phase mask plate (206), the exposure area of this optical fiber is carved by the laser after utilizing focusing
Write.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, first pass through and carry out optical fiber carrying hydrogen process, remove its coating
After Ceng, it is installed on the fiber grating Written Device that this bandwidth is controlled；The fiber grating Written Device that this bandwidth is controlled
By using laser beam analyzer that the beam quality of incident laser is analyzed, further according to analysis result, laser is carried out whole
Shape processes and is controlled being installed on device exposure area through the optical fiber of pretreatment, and based on phase mask plate
Optical fiber is inscribed so that the fiber grating bandwidth inscribed can be not only restricted to inscribe Ultra-Violet Laser spot size and phase place
The degree of warbling of template, i.e. can reach the purpose that grating bandwidth is controlled, is effectively reduced what cost of manufacture and the method were inscribed
Efficiency is higher, and repeatability is stronger.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, required use in embodiment being described below
Accompanying drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawing in describing below is only some embodiments of the present invention, for
From the point of view of those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to obtain according to these accompanying drawings
Other accompanying drawings.
The flow chart of the fiber grating carving and writing method that a kind of bandwidth that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention one is controlled；
The schematic diagram of the fiber grating Written Device that a kind of bandwidth that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention two is controlled.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clearly and completely
Describe, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiments.Based on
Embodiments of the invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under not making creative work premise
Embodiment, broadly falls into protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one
The flow chart of the fiber grating carving and writing method that a kind of bandwidth that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention one is controlled.Such as Fig. 1 institute
Show, mainly comprise the steps:
Step 11: optical fiber is carried out carries hydrogen and processes, and remove its coat.
Optical fiber is placed in preset air pressure (such as, be placed in by optical fiber through load hydrogen after a while with carrying in hydrogen pond of temperature
60 ° of C, hydrogen gas pressure environment is the airtight load hydrogen pond of 100atm), make this optical fiber is formed hydrogen-germanium (H-Ge) chemistry
Key, in order to the quick inscription of fiber grating；Recycling optical fiber wire stripper remove the coat of this optical fiber, normal conditions
Under, go the length in coat region no less than 20cm.
Step 12: the laser beam of the predetermined wavelength of laser transmitter projects is carried out Shape correction, and according to shaping after
The exposure area of this optical fiber after coat is removed in laser data regulation.
For reducing the cost that fiber grating is inscribed in the embodiment of the present invention, it is ensured that the bandwidth inscribing fiber grating is controlled, need
Laser transmitter projects laser beam is carried out shaping, regulates further according to the laser facula data after shaping after removing coat
The exposure area of this optical fiber；Concrete: utilize the laser beam analyzer being arranged in turntable to this laser transmitter projects
The laser of predetermined wavelength (such as, the Ultra-Violet Laser of 248nm) is acquired and analyzes, and analysis result (is mainly wrapped
Include spot size and Energy distribution) send to computer；After turntable half-twist, by the micro machine in this turntable
Tuning diaphragm receives the laser through this laser beam analyzer；And from computer, read described transmitting laser analysis result, and
Shaping is carried out (such as, according to spot size and the Energy distribution of laser beam according to this result laser beam to receiving
Regulation micro machine tuning diaphragm shapes and sizes, thus change through micro machine tuning diaphragm laser beam shape and
Size)；Control the current potential moving stage below described turntable according to the laser data after shaping and regulate the exposure region of described optical fiber
Territory.
Further, it is also possible to 99% high reflection of a surface coating is set between generating laser and laser beam analyzer
Mirror, and this reflecting mirror and this laser transmitter projects direction be 45 ° of angles, is used for changing laser optical path and to laser optical path
It is finely adjusted.
Step 13: by after the laser focusing of Shape correction through phase mask plate, the exposure area of this optical fiber is carved
Write, it is thus achieved that the fiber grating of desire bandwidth.
Hot spot, through cylindrical lens focus, is focused on and becomes line light speckle by the laser of Shape correction；Then, cover through phase place
Lamina membranacea (such as, chirp phase mask plate) is divided into diffraction pattern, is alternatively formed interference fringe, carves exposure area
Write, it is thus achieved that fiber grating.
Further, it is also possible to the light pricker two ends after described removal coat are respectively provided with wideband light source (such as ASE width
Band light source) and spectrogrph, band light source can be connected (two of three-dB coupler with spectrogrph by three-dB coupler with optical fiber
Port, a port access band light source, spectrogrph is accessed in one end), scribing process can be detected in real time and (include
Its bandwidth when the characteristic spectral lines of detection fiber, the splice loss, splice attenuation made in fiber grating scribing process and fiber grating make
Actual value), it is thus achieved that the fiber grating of desire bandwidth.
The fiber grating carving and writing method controlled for the ease of understanding bandwidth that the embodiment of the present invention is provided, below in conjunction with specifically
Numerical value, the method is described in detail.
The present embodiment can use standard single-mode fiber or double clad single-mode fiber, this optical fiber will carry out carry hydrogen and process, and
Being fixed on fiber clamp after removing its coat, one end of this optical fiber is by three-dB coupler and with a width of 400-1600nm's
Ultra-continuous wideband light source connects, and the other end is connected with spectrogrph, for the characteristic spectral lines of detection fiber, making when inscribing
The actual value of its bandwidth when splice loss, splice attenuation in fiber grating scribing process and fiber grating make.
It is then possible to the KrF quasi-molecule that to utilize output wavelength be 248nm, spot size is 6mm*3mm (long * width) swashs
Light device transmitting laser, after 45 ° of surface coating 99% high reflection mirrors, enters the laser beam analyzer on turntable, by light beam
The beam data (Energy distribution and spot size etc.) of laser is acquired and analyzes by analyser, and analysis result is deposited
Storage is in a computer；Then, by turntable half-twist, the micro machine on turntable diaphragm is tuned according in computer
Laser beam is done corresponding shaping by beam data, then control current potential moving stage below described turntable (optional stepping away from for
Micron-sized current potential moving stage) regulate described optical fiber exposure area (can by current potential moving stage is write motor drive journey
Sequence, controls its movement locus so that Laser beam energy distribution is Gaussian, in order to increase the limit mould of fiber grating, suppress by
The secondary lobe produced in the sharp change of refractive index of fiber grating two ends)；
Being focused on by this laser vertical direction through cylindrical lens, being focused on by hot spot becomes line light speckle, light in the present embodiment again
The a length of 6mm of speckle maximum linear, then through phase mask plate, is divided into ± 1 order diffraction hot spot, is alternatively formed interference bar
Stricture of vagina, is irradiated on optical fiber；Meanwhile, the spectrogrph that one end of optical fiber connects, inscription situation is monitored in real time,
Until completing to inscribe work, obtain the fiber grating of appropriate bandwidth.
Using laser beam analyzer to analyze laser beam data in the embodiment of the present invention, more traditional method detected by an unaided eye is compared
Can accurately obtain the spot size of scribe laser, Energy distribution, and can the situation of change of real-time monitored laser beam.It is excellent
If point is because extraneous or laser instrument self reason, produce scribe laser device light-beam position and Energy distribution change,
By the driving data of the collection of computer synchronizing laser beam analyser with micro machine tuning diaphragm, can accurately ensure to inscribe optical fiber
Beam quality during grating is optimum.
It addition, the embodiment of the present invention uses, including by controlling width adjustable micro machine tuning diaphragm and can move
Dynamic current potential moving stage reaches the bandwidth controlling to inscribe fiber grating.For chirp phase lamina membranacea, the band of fiber grating
Wide linear with the size of its hot spot.This have the advantage that and only need one piece of chirp phase template to carve
Write the fiber grating of any bandwidth.The fiber grating bandwidth inscribed is not restricted to the spot size of scribe laser and and gives
The degree of warbling of phase mask.For the phase mask of given degree of warbling, when fiber grating desire bandwidth is maximum less than hot spot
During straight length (maximum hot spot is 6mm after cylindrical lens in the embodiment of the present invention), micro machine tuned light can be passed through
Door screen is to scribe laser shaping so that the spot linear length of vertical irradiation to post lens diminishes, thus it is wide to obtain smaller strip
Fiber grating, when fiber grating desire bandwidth is more than hot spot maximum linear length, can tune micro machine diaphragm width and adjust
To in the same size with launching spot, and migration potential moving stage expands the exposure area of optical fiber, thus produces required big width
The fiber grating of band.
Embodiment two
The schematic diagram of the fiber grating Written Device that a kind of bandwidth that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention two is controlled.Such as Fig. 2 institute
Show, this device specifically include that generating laser 213, light beam shaping module 208, cylindrical lens 207, reflecting mirror 212 with
Phase mask plate 206；
Wherein, described generating laser 213, for launching the laser of predetermined wavelength；
Described light beam shaping module 208, for carrying out shaping to the laser beam of the predetermined wavelength that generating laser 213 is launched
Process, and regulate the exposure area of the optical fiber after removing coat according to the feature of the laser after shaping；
Described cylindrical lens 207, for being focused processing to the laser of Shape correction；
Described reflecting mirror (212), is used for changing laser optical path and being finely adjusted laser optical path
Described phase mask plate 206, the exposure area of this optical fiber is inscribed by the laser after utilizing focusing.
Described light beam shaping module 208 includes: laser beam analyzer 216, micro machine tuning diaphragm 217, turntable 210 and electricity
Displacement platform 211；Wherein, described turntable 210 is as in described current potential moving stage 211；Described laser beam analyzer 216 and micro-electricity
Machine tuning diaphragm 217 is sequentially placed in described turntable 210；
Described laser beam analyzer 216, for being acquired the laser data of the predetermined wavelength that this generating laser 213 is launched
With analysis, and by analysis result send to computer 215；
Described laser beam analyzer 216 and micro machine tuning diaphragm 217 are connected with computer 215 respectively；
Described micro machine tuning diaphragm 217, for by after turntable 210 half-twist, receiving through this laser beam analyzer
The laser of 216；And read the analysis result of described transmitting laser data from computer 215, and according to this result to laser
Light beam carries out shaping；
Described current potential moving stage 211, for regulating the exposure area of described optical fiber according to the laser data after shaping.
It is 45 ° of angles that described reflecting mirror 212 launches direction with generating laser 213, is placed in this generating laser 213 and light
Between beam analysis instrument 216；And 99% high reflection mirror that this reflecting mirror 212 is surface coating.
This device also includes: be respectively arranged at wideband light source 201 and the spectrogrph 205 at the optical fiber two ends after removing coat；
Detect in real time for scribing process, it is thus achieved that the fiber grating of desire bandwidth.
Described optical fiber 203 is double clad single-mode fiber, is set in parallel in the lower section of phase mask plate 206；And this optical fiber 203
Remove the length length more than described phase mask plate 206 in coat region 204.
Further, the optical fiber 203 in the embodiment of the present invention can be fixed by fiber clamp 214, wideband light source 201 with
Spectrogrph 205 can be connected with optical fiber 203 by three-dB coupler 202；Two ports of three-dB coupler 202, an end
Mouth access band light source 201, spectrogrph 205 is accessed in one end.
Further, turntable 210 and dielectric displacement platform 211 can be connected with current potential moving stage controller 209；Pass through
Current potential moving stage controller 209 controls described turntable 210 and dielectric displacement platform 211 moves in the horizontal direction.
Further, can be by described reflecting mirror 212, turntable 210, laser beam analyzer 216, micro machine tuning diaphragm
217 and cylindrical lens 207 be arranged in a dovetail slide bearing；And dovetail type slide rail is placed in stepping away from for micron-sized current potential
In moving stage.
It should be noted that the specific implementation of function that each functional module comprised in said apparatus is realized is front
The embodiment in face has a detailed description, therefore has here repeated no more.
Those skilled in the art is it can be understood that arrive, for convenience and simplicity of description, only with above-mentioned each function mould
The division of block is illustrated, and in actual application, can distribute above-mentioned functions by different function moulds as desired
Block completes, and the internal structure of device will be divided into different functional modules, with complete described above in whole or in part
Function.
The above, the only present invention preferably detailed description of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any those familiar with the art in the technical scope of present disclosure, the change that can readily occur in or replace
Change, all should contain within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with claims
Protection domain is as the criterion.
Claims (8)
1. the fiber grating carving and writing method that a bandwidth is controlled, it is characterised in that the method includes:
Optical fiber carries out carry hydrogen process, and remove its coat；
The laser beam of the predetermined wavelength of laser transmitter projects is carried out Shape correction, and adjusts according to laser data after shaping
Joint removes the exposure area of this optical fiber after coat；Its step includes: utilize the laser beam analyzer being arranged in turntable
The laser data of the predetermined wavelength of this laser transmitter projects is acquired and analyzes, and analysis result is sent to calculating
Machine；After this turntable half-twist, the micro machine in this turntable tune diaphragm and receive through this laser beam analyzer
Laser；And the analysis result of laser data is launched in reading from computer, and according to this result laser beam to receiving
Carry out shaping；Control the current potential moving stage below described turntable according to the laser data after shaping and regulate the exposure of described optical fiber
Region；
By after the laser focusing of Shape correction through phase mask plate, the exposure area of this optical fiber is inscribed, it is thus achieved that light
Fine grating.
Carving and writing method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described optical fiber carries out carrying hydrogen process and includes:
Optical fiber is placed in the load hydrogen pond of preset air pressure and temperature, makes this optical fiber is formed hydrogen-germanium chemical bond.
Carving and writing method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the laser of described laser transmitter projects passes through
Vertically inject in described laser beam analyzer after 99% high reflection mirror of surface coating；Described reflecting mirror is sent out with this generating laser
Penetrating direction is 45 ° of angles.
Carving and writing method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the described exposure area to this optical fiber is carved
Write, it is thus achieved that fiber grating includes:
Optical fiber two ends after described removal coat are respectively provided with wideband light source and spectrogrph, inspection real-time to scribing process
Survey, it is thus achieved that the fiber grating of desire bandwidth.
5. the fiber grating Written Device that a bandwidth is controlled, it is characterised in that this device includes: generating laser
(213), light beam shaping module (208), cylindrical lens (207), reflecting mirror (212) and phase mask plate
(206)；
Wherein, described generating laser (213) is for launching the laser of predetermined wavelength；
Described light beam shaping module (208), for the laser beam to the predetermined wavelength that generating laser (213) is launched
Carry out Shape correction, and regulate the exposure area of the optical fiber after removing coat according to the feature of the laser after shaping；Described
Light beam shaping module (208) including: laser beam analyzer (216), micro machine tuning diaphragm (217), turntable
(210) with current potential moving stage (211)；Wherein, described turntable is placed on described current potential moving stage (211)；Described light
Beam analysis instrument (216) is sequentially placed in described turntable (210) with micro machine tuning diaphragm (217)；Described light beam
Analyser (216), for being acquired the laser data of the predetermined wavelength that this generating laser (213) is launched and dividing
Analysis, and analysis result is sent to computer (215)；Described micro machine tuning diaphragm (217), for by turntable
(210), after half-twist, the laser through this laser beam analyzer (216) is received；And read from computer (215)
Take the analysis result of described transmitting laser data, and according to this result, laser beam is carried out shaping；Described current potential moving stage
(211), for regulating the exposure area of described optical fiber according to the laser data after shaping；
Described cylindrical lens (207), for being focused processing to the laser of Shape correction；
Described reflecting mirror (212), is used for changing laser optical path and being finely adjusted laser optical path；
Described phase mask plate (206), the exposure area of this optical fiber is carved by the laser after utilizing focusing
Write.
Written Device the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described reflecting mirror (212) and generating laser
Launching direction is 45 ° of angles, is placed between this generating laser (213) and laser beam analyzer (216)；And this reflection
Mirror is 99% high reflection mirror of surface coating.
Written Device the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that this device also includes: be respectively arranged at removal
The wideband light source (201) at the optical fiber two ends after coat and spectrogrph (205)；Detect in real time for scribing process, obtain
Obtain the fiber grating of desire bandwidth.
8. according to the Written Device described in any one of claim 5-7, it is characterised in that described optical fiber is double clad single mode
Optical fiber or standard single-mode fiber, be set in parallel in the lower section of phase mask plate (206)；And this optical fiber removal coat region
(204) length is more than the length of described phase mask plate (206).
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| CN103412360A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2013-11-27 | 南开大学 | Method for preparing asymmetric wave-shaped long-period optical fiber grating by means of high-frequency carbon dioxide laser-assisted wet-etching |
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| CN109828327B (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2020-06-12 | 北京信息科技大学 | Method for writing fiber bragg grating with any grating area length based on adjustable diaphragm |
| CN106684675A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-17 | 合肥脉锐光电技术有限公司 | Single-frequency fiber laser and preparation method thereof |
| CN108732677A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-11-02 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of carving and writing method of the low anti-fiber grating of wide bandwidth Gaussian |
| CN111221072A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-02 | 南京聚科光电技术有限公司 | Device and method for writing fiber grating by femtosecond laser |
| CN111856643A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-30 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Ultra-wideband chirped inclined fiber grating writing device, writing method and laser system |
| CN112886374A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-01 | 苏州创鑫激光科技有限公司 | Fiber laser for inhibiting stimulated Raman scattering effect and manufacturing method thereof |
| WO2022165960A1 (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2022-08-11 | 深圳大学 | Fiber grating manufacturing method and manufacturing device capable of regulating birefringence |
| CN113671621B (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2023-12-12 | 南京邮电大学 | Linear movable fiber bragg grating continuous inscription system and method |
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