CN103308337B - Machine tool loading device and machine tool loading test method based on planar two-linear force mechanism - Google Patents
Machine tool loading device and machine tool loading test method based on planar two-linear force mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN103308337B CN103308337B CN201310211406.XA CN201310211406A CN103308337B CN 103308337 B CN103308337 B CN 103308337B CN 201310211406 A CN201310211406 A CN 201310211406A CN 103308337 B CN103308337 B CN 103308337B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a machine tool loading device based on a planar two-linear force mechanism. The machine tool loading device is composed of a mechanical loading platform and a loading control system, wherein a linear guiderail base of the mechanical loading platform is fixed on a working table of a numerically-controlled machine tool; the mechanical loading platform is connected with a machine tool spindle through a dedicated loading unit, so that the condition that the mechanical loading platform is loaded to the machine tool spindle is realized; the control system is used for controlling the mechanical loading platform; a machine tool loading test method based on the planar two-linear force mechanism comprises the following three steps of: 1, clamping the mechanical loading platform; 2, initializing the mechanical loading platform; and 3, actually loading. The machine tool loading device and the machine tool loading test method based on the planar two-linear force mechanism have certain generality, can be widely applied to loading test of coplanar two-dimensional force and moment of various types of vertical numerically-controlled machine tools, so as to obtain performance parameters of the machine tools in a stimulation working condition, and provide test accordance for further improving the performance of the numerically-controlled machine tool.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lathe charger based on plane two straight line force mechanism and load test method, especially relate to a kind of the Multi-axial Loading device based on plane two straight line force mechanism and the load test method that can be applied to main shaft of numerical control machine tool loading.Belong to simulation loading equipment technical field.
Background technology
Numerically-controlled machine is the visual plant of equipment manufacture, and current China has become the large lathe country of consumption of the first in the world, but external imported product has but dominated domestic middle and high end Machine Tool Market.One of key factor of this phenomenon is caused to be exactly that the reliability of domestic lathe and external product exist larger gap.At present, the reliability of the domestic high-grade, digitally controlled machine tools of China is not high, except the basic link such as key components and parts, manufacturing process, affects another key factor of Cnc ReliabilityintelligeNetwork Network, lacks necessary overall test means exactly.
Loading experiment is an important component part of carrying out complete machine tool test.Namely, under simulated machine tool duty, apply at least to exceed the normal load used to machine tool chief axis, investigate the reliability of lathe with this.Can only uniaxial loading be carried out under current technical conditions, multidirectional loading be carried out to gang tool and not yet realizes, load extremely difficult especially when multi-shaft interlocked for gang tool, be at home and abroad showed no and report for work.Lathe operationally always bears multidirectional forces, and in fact uniaxial loading cannot reappear the real load state of lathe, and the effect of fail-test is had a greatly reduced quality.Some Machine Manufacture factories have to adopt and carry out " test of time " to examine or check its reliability to model machine in production practices both at home and abroad, namely lathe carries out the continuous cutting test of (even some months of a few week) for a long time before dispatching from the factory, the consumption of this method time and materials is very large, and experimentation cost is very high.
The domestic and international equipment realizing multiaxis following loading for lathe for simulated machine tool real load is also little at present.Although existing uniaxial loading Theories and methods, can realize loading machine tool chief axis.But in working angles, usually to bear multidirectional forces and moment of torsion due to lathe, simply carry out single shaft constant speed constant force following loading, the authenticity of its load test data and confidence level are not high.
In order to overcome above shortcoming, the present invention adopt based on the charger of plane two straight line force mechanism come simulated machine tool main shaft in speed change and become and accelerate the coplanar force of bearing or coplanar force add torque load, the confidence level of great raising test figure, provides reliable charger for lathe loads test.The advantages such as the present invention has compact conformation, modular design, and making and installation is easy, are applicable to add moment of torsion following loading for the coplanar force of machine tool chief axis or coplanar force.
Summary of the invention
1, object: the object of this invention is to provide a kind of lathe charger based on plane two straight line force mechanism and load test method, adds the loading experiment of Z-direction moment of torsion for carrying out coplanar two-dimentional power or coplanar two-dimentional power to minitype vertical type numerically-controlled machine.The main shaft that can realize following lathe while the live load applying to specify to main shaft of numerical control machine tool carries out plane motion.This apparatus structure is simple, and installation and adjustment is convenient, and integrated model quality is less, and can ensure higher loading accuracy.This device and loading experimental method provide a kind of high precision and efficient solution for applying multidimensional load when carrying out numerically-controlled machine load test.
2, technical scheme:
(1) a kind of lathe charger based on plane two straight line force mechanism of the present invention, it is made up of mechanical load platform and Loading Control System; This mechanical load platform one end is fixed on the worktable of numerically-controlled machine by the linear electric motors guide rail base in linear motor assembly, and the other end is loaded main shaft of numerical control machine tool by the mechanical interface be connected with main shaft of numerical control machine tool; This Loading Control System manipulation mechanical load platform.
Described mechanical load platform comprises: linear motor assembly, driver element coupling assembling, loads side chain and special loading unit.Its position annexation is: the linear electric motors guide rail base in linear motor assembly is bolted on platen, the linear electric motors slide block of linear motor assembly is connected with driver element coupling assembling by bolt, the driver element coupling shaft of driver element coupling assembling is connected with loading side chain lower end by bolt, load side chain upper end to be connected with machine tool chief axis by special loading unit, Loading Control System is connected each sensor and each electric machine assembly by signal wire with power lead.
This linear motor assembly comprises permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor mover and stator, line slideway, linear electric motors guide rail base and linear electric motors slide block, its position annexation is: permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator is bolted on linear electric motors guide rail base, permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator and line slideway are connected by bolt, and both directions are parallel, permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor mover is by the slippage in permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator of linear electric motors slide block, and linear motor assembly controls to provide power for load maintainer power.This permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor mover is sheet steel plate, covers permeability magnetic material above; Have groove in the middle of this permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator, groove two inside surface is respectively along the uniform permanent magnet of mover direction of motion.This line slideway is strip type platy structure; This linear electric motors guide rail base is platy structure; This linear electric motors slide block is box-shaped structure.
This driver element coupling assembling comprises the horizontal connection card extender of L-type, driver element coupling shaft bearing, bearing and driver element coupling shaft.Its position annexation is: when vertical installation, driver element coupling shaft bearing is bolted on linear electric motors slide block, driver element coupling shaft is connected with driver element coupling shaft bearing by bearing, driver element coupling shaft bearing with between bearing for interference is connected, for interference is connected between bearing with driver element coupling shaft, have through hole in the middle of driver element coupling shaft, be connected with loading side chain lower end by bolt; When horizontal installation, driver element coupling shaft bearing is not directly installed on linear electric motors slide block, but is connected by the horizontal card extender that is connected of bolt and L-type, and the horizontal connection card extender of L-type is connected by bolt and linear electric motors slide block.This bearing is commercial, and this driver element coupling shaft bearing is L-type plate-like piece, and this driver element coupling shaft is cylindrical member; The horizontal connection card extender of this L-type is L-type steel plateelement.
This loading side chain is made up of upper hinge connecting link, lower articulated mast, pull pressure sensor.Its position annexation is: the one end loading side chain is connected with linear electric motors slide block by driver element coupling assembling, and the other end is connected with machine tool chief axis by special loading unit, loads the middle pull pressure sensor that has been installed in series of side chain.This upper hinge connecting link, lower articulated mast are cylindrical rod-like element, and this pull pressure sensor is single shaft force snesor, commercial products.
This special loading unit, comprises for realizing the horizontal loading unit that the coplanar two-dimentional power of XY loads and the vertical loading unit two kinds adding the loading of Z-direction moment of torsion for realizing the coplanar two-dimentional power of XZ, YZ.Described horizontal loading unit props up chain fitting by horizontal loading, horizontal loading unit coupling shaft, horizontal loading unit connection bearing, the horizontal mechanical interface that is connected with main shaft of numerical control machine tool form.Its position annexation is: horizontal loading is propped up chain fitting one end and is connected by horizontal loading unit coupling shaft, bearing, be interference fit between horizontal unit coupling shaft and horizontal loading unit connection bearing, horizontal loading unit connection bearing props up chain fitting by interference fit with horizontal loading and is connected, the other end that chain fitting is propped up in horizontal loading is connected with loading side chain upper end by bolt, and the bottom of horizontal mechanical interface is connected with horizontal loading unit coupling shaft by bolt.It is C type platy structure that chain fitting is propped up in this horizontal loading, and this horizontal loading unit coupling shaft is cylindrical shape, and this horizontal loading unit connection bearing is commercial products.The horizontal mechanical interface that should be connected with main shaft of numerical control machine tool comprises: structural framing, shaft coupling, reduction gear, bearing and cutter holding interface; Relation is therebetween: cutter holding interface one end is connected with main shaft of numerical control machine tool, the other end is connected with one end of reduction gear by shaft coupling, the other end of reduction gear is fixed on structural framing by bearing, and structural framing is fixed on horizontal loading unit coupling shaft.This shaft coupling and bearing are commercial, and this cutter holding interface is cylindrical member; This structural framing is the quadra structure of hollow; This reduction gear is miniature gear reduction gear, commercial.Described vertical loading unit props up chain fitting by vertical loading, vertical loading unit coupling shaft, vertical loading unit connection bearing, the vertical mechanical interface be connected with main shaft of numerical control machine tool, torque motor form.Its position annexation is: vertical loading is propped up chain fitting one end and is connected by vertical loading unit coupling shaft, bearing, be interference fit between vertical loading unit coupling shaft and standing unit connection bearing, vertical loading unit connection bearing props up chain fitting by interference fit with vertical loading and is connected, the other end that chain fitting is propped up in vertical loading is connected with loading side chain upper end by bolt, the bottom of vertical mechanical interface is connected with vertical loading unit coupling shaft by bolt, and torque motor is connected with machine tool chief axis by the shaft coupling of mechanical interface.It is C type platy structure that chain fitting is propped up in this vertical loading; This vertical loading unit coupling shaft is cylindrical shape, and this vertical loading unit connection bearing is commercial.The vertical mechanical interface that should be connected with main shaft of numerical control machine tool comprises: structural framing, shaft coupling and cutter holding interface, relation is therebetween: cutter holding interface one end is connected with main shaft of numerical control machine tool, the other end is connected with one end of reduction gear by shaft coupling, the other end of reduction gear is connected with torque motor axle by shaft coupling, the shell of torque motor and reduction gear is fixed on structural framing, and structural framing is fixed on horizontal loading unit coupling shaft.This shaft coupling is commercial, and this cutter holding interface is cylindrical member.This structural framing is the quadra structural member of hollow;
Described Loading Control System comprises motion controller, linear electric motors, driver, pull pressure sensor and displacement transducer, is commercial products.Its position annexation is that motion controller and driver are arranged in switch board, and linear electric motors itself have displacement transducer, and pull pressure sensor is arranged in movement branched chain; This motion controller comprises industrial control computer, motion control card and subsidiary control software design thereof, and motion controller is calculated by the steering order of input and feedback signal, sends Loading Control instruction to each movement branched chain; This driver is the driver supporting with linear electric motors, and main function is that the control signal of motion controller is carried out power amplification, drives linear electric motors to implement to load; This displacement transducer is the grating scale that commercial linear electric motors carry, and is used for measuring the displacement of linear electric motors, and to motion controller feedback information.
Wherein, the quantity of the linear motor assembly in this mechanical load platform is 2 covers; The quantity of driver element coupling assembling is 2 covers; The quantity loading side chain is 2 covers; The quantity of special loading unit is 2 covers.
Wherein, the quantity of the horizontal connection card extender of L-type in this driver element coupling assembling is 2 covers; The quantity of driver element coupling shaft bearing is 2 covers; The quantity of bearing is 4 covers; The quantity of driver element coupling shaft is 2 covers.
Wherein, the horizontal loading unit in this special loading unit, the quantity that chain fitting is propped up in its horizontal loading is 2 covers; The quantity of horizontal loading unit coupling shaft is 1 cover; The quantity of horizontal loading unit connection bearing is 2 covers; The quantity of the horizontal mechanical interface be connected with main shaft of numerical control machine tool is 1 cover.
Wherein, the vertical loading unit in this special loading unit, the quantity that chain fitting is propped up in its vertical loading is 2 covers; The quantity of vertical loading unit coupling shaft is 1 cover; The quantity of vertical loading unit connection bearing is 2 covers; The quantity of the vertical mechanical interface be connected with main shaft of numerical control machine tool is 1 cover; The quantity of torque motor is 1 cover.
(2) a kind of lathe load test method based on plane two straight line force mechanism of the present invention, the method concrete steps are as follows:
Step one: the clamping of mechanical load platform: be fixed on the worktable of Machine by mechanical load platform, completes the connection of mechanical load platform and machine tool chief axis.
Step 2: initialization mechanical load platform: send chassis initialization instruction by industrial control computer, initialize motion controller, linear electric motors and servo-driver, check and confirm the state of mechanical load platform, for actual loaded is prepared.
Step 3: actual loaded: start lathe, make machine tool chief axis move along intended trajectory simultaneously, under Loading Control System effect, collection force snesor feedback force signal and power instruction loading spectrum signal carry out computing in motion controller, draw the deviation signal of force value and export to servo-driver, ensureing that mechanical load platform carries out load test according to existing loading spectrum Database Requirements to tested lathe.In loading procedure, be provided with charger State Monitoring Program in industrial computer, the motion state current to mechanism detects.Loading procedure is the cyclic process of limited number of times, and concrete loaded cycle number of times needs to determine according to the performance index of tested lathe.
Lathe load test implementation process needs to carry out according to above-mentioned steps.
3, advantage and effect:
A kind of lathe charger based on plane two straight line force mechanism of the present invention and loading experimental method, compared with prior art, it is advantageous that:
1) this charger can while following main shaft of numerical control machine tool motion, realize coplanar two-dimentional power or coplanar two-dimentional power to add moment of torsion and load, obtain the performance parameter of lathe under analog operation situation, for the performance improving numerically-controlled machine further provides test basis;
2) version of the present invention is simple, and Modular Flexible designs, and adopts a set of equipment can realize the multiple value-added tax function to machine tool chief axis by different mounting meanss.
3) the present invention carries out the cutting that lathe reliability loading experiment avoids real material, cost-saving, has the characteristic of green manufacturing; Loading experimental method is reliable, advanced.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 2
Fig. 3 is the horizontal installation diagram of mechanical load platform
Fig. 4 is the vertical installation diagram of mechanical load platform
Fig. 5 is horizontal loading unit structural drawing
Fig. 6 is vertical loading unit structural drawing
Fig. 7 is linear motor assembly schematic diagram
Structural drawing when Fig. 8 is the horizontal installation of driver element coupling assembling
Structural drawing when Fig. 9 is the vertical installation of driver element coupling assembling
Figure 10 is that the horizontal installation of charger loads schematic diagram
Figure 11 is that the vertical installation of charger loads schematic diagram
In figure, concrete label declaration is as follows:
1, linear motor assembly 2, the horizontal connection card extender 3 of L-type, driver element coupling shaft bearing
4, driver element coupling shaft 5, lower articulated mast 6, pull pressure sensor
7, chain fitting 9, machine tool chief axis are propped up in upper hinge connecting link 8, horizontal loading
10, chain fitting 12, horizontal loading unit coupling shaft are propped up in horizontal mechanical interface 11, horizontal loading
13, upper hinge connecting link 14, pull pressure sensor 15, lower articulated mast
16, chain fitting 17, vertical mechanical interface 18, vertical loading unit coupling shaft are propped up in vertical loading
19, chain fitting 21, platen are propped up in torque motor 20, vertical loading
22, the mechanical weighted platform of horizontal installation 23, numerically-controlled machine 24, the mechanical weighted platform of vertical installation
25, switch board 26, linear electric motors slide block 27, permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator
28, line slideway 29, permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor mover 30, linear electric motors guide rail base.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the invention is set forth:
(1) the present invention relates to a kind of charger based on plane two straight line force mechanism, this charger can realize loading the coplanar two-dimentional power of the XY of main shaft of numerical control machine tool in horizontally-mounted situation.This charger is made up of the mechanical weighted platform 22 of horizontal installation and Loading Control System, and mounting structure schematic diagram as shown in Figure 3.Wherein, horizontal installation mechanical weighted platform 22 one end is fixed on the platen 21 of numerically-controlled machine 23 by linear electric motors guide rail base 30, the other end is loaded main shaft of numerical control machine tool 9 by horizontal loading unit, is described in detail as follows by reference to the accompanying drawings to the embodiment of the present invention 1:
As shown in Figure 1, mechanical load platform comprises 2 cover linear motor assemblies 1,2 and overlaps driver element coupling assembling, and 2 covers load side chain, horizontal loading unit composition.
As shown in Figure 7, linear motor assembly 1 comprises permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor mover 29, permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator 27, line slideway 28, linear electric motors guide rail base 30 and linear electric motors slide block 26, position annexation is therebetween: permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator 27 is bolted on linear electric motors guide rail base 30, permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator 27 and line slideway 28 are connected by bolt, and both directions are parallel, permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor mover 29 is by linear electric motors slide block 26 slippage in permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator 27, linear motor assembly 1 for load maintainer power control power is provided.Described permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor mover 29 is sheet steel plate, covers permeability magnetic material above; Have groove in the middle of described permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator 27, groove two inside surface is respectively along the uniform permanent magnet of permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor mover 29 direction of motion.
As shown in Figure 8, driver element coupling assembling comprises: the L-type be bolted with linear electric motors slide block 26 is horizontal is connected that card extender 2, one end and L-type are horizontal is connected driver element coupling shaft bearing 3 that card extender 2 is bolted, bearing, the driver element coupling shaft 4 that is connected by bearing with driver element coupling shaft bearing 3, driver element coupling shaft bearing 3 with between bearing for interference is connected, for interference is connected between bearing with driver element coupling shaft 4.
Described loading side chain comprises the lower articulated mast 5(15 be connected with driver element coupling shaft 4 by bolt one end), the upper hinge connecting link 7(13 that is bolted with horizontal loading unit one end), pull pressure sensor 6(or 14) two ends are respectively by the lower articulated mast 5(15 that is threaded) and upper hinge connecting link 7(13).
As shown in Figure 5, horizontal loading unit props up chain fitting 8(11 by horizontal loading), horizontal loading unit coupling shaft 12, connection bearing, the horizontal mechanical interface 10 that is connected with main shaft of numerical control machine tool forms.The horizontal loading of two covers is propped up chain fitting 8 and is connected by horizontal loading unit coupling shaft 12, bearing with 11 one end, the other end is connected with loading side chain upper hinge connecting link 7 and 13 upper end respectively by bolt, the bottom of horizontal mechanical interface 10 is connected with horizontal loading unit coupling shaft 12 by bolt, be interference fit between horizontal unit coupling shaft 12 and horizontal unit connection bearing, horizontal unit connection bearing props up chain fitting 8 and 11 by interference fit and horizontal loading and is connected.
As shown in Figure 10, the motion controller in described Loading Control System part and driver are arranged in switch board 25, pull pressure sensor 6(14) be arranged on the middle part loading side chain, displacement transducer is arranged on line slideway pedestal.Hardware in switch board 25 mainly comprises servo driver of motor, motion controller and industrial control computer, connects between system hardware mainly through cable.
(2) the present invention relates to a kind of charger based on plane two straight line force mechanism, this charger can realize adding Z-direction moment of torsion to the coplanar two-dimentional power of main shaft of numerical control machine tool or the coplanar two-dimentional power of YZ, XZ and load when vertical installation.This charger is made up of mechanical load platform 24 and Loading Control System, and mounting structure schematic diagram as shown in Figure 4.Wherein, mechanical load platform 24 one end is fixed on the worktable 21 of numerically-controlled machine 23 by the line slideway pedestal 30 of linear electric motors, and the other end is loaded main shaft of numerical control machine tool 9 by horizontal loading unit, is described in detail as follows by reference to the accompanying drawings to the embodiment of the present invention 2:
As shown in Figure 2, mechanical load platform comprises 2 cover linear motor assemblies 1,2 cover driver element coupling assemblings, 2 covers load side chains, vertical loading unit forms.
As shown in Figure 7, linear motor assembly comprises permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor mover 27 and stator 29, line slideway 28, linear electric motors guide rail base 30 and linear electric motors slide block 26, position annexation is therebetween: permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator is bolted on guide rail base 30, permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator and line slideway are connected by bolt, and both directions are parallel, permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor mover by slide block 26 slippage in permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator 29 on line slideway, linear motor assembly for load maintainer power control power is provided.Described linear motor rotor is sheet steel plate, covers permeability magnetic material above; Have groove in the middle of described permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator, groove two inside surface is respectively along the uniform permanent magnet of mover direction of motion.
As shown in Figure 9, driver element coupling assembling comprises the driver element coupling shaft bearing 3, driver element connection bearing, the driver element coupling shaft 4 that is connected by bearing with driver element coupling shaft bearing 3 other end that are bolted with linear electric motors slide block 26, driver element coupling shaft bearing 3 with between bearing for interference is connected, for interference is connected between bearing with driver element coupling shaft 4.
Described loading side chain comprises the lower articulated mast 5(15 be connected with driver element coupling shaft 4 by bolt one end), the upper hinge connecting link 7(13 that is bolted with horizontal loading unit one end), pull pressure sensor 6(or 14) two ends are respectively by the lower articulated mast 5(15 that is threaded) and upper hinge connecting link 7(13)
As shown in Figure 6, vertical loading unit comprises that chain fitting 16 is propped up in the vertical loading be connected with upper hinge connecting link 7 one end, chain fitting 20, vertical loading unit connection bearing, vertical loading unit coupling shaft 18 are propped up in the vertical loading that is connected with upper hinge connecting link 13 one end, be interference fit between standing unit coupling shaft 18 and standing unit connection bearing, standing unit connection bearing props up chain fitting 16 and 20 by interference fit and horizontal loading and is connected.Vertical mechanical interface 17 is fixed on vertical loading unit coupling shaft 18, and one end of vertical connection mechanical interface 17 is connected with machine tool chief axis 9, and the other end is connected with torque motor 19.The function of vertical mechanical interface is the action torque transmitting charger and measure between cutter, reduces the rotating speed that machine tool chief axis passes to torque motor 19 simultaneously, avoids the damage to torque motor 19.
Described loading side chain comprises the lower articulated mast 5(or 15 that one end is connected with driver element coupling shaft 4 by bolt) and the upper hinge connecting link 7(or 13 that is bolted of special loading unit one end of being connected with lathe), pull pressure sensor 6(or 14) two ends are respectively by the lower articulated mast 5(or 15 that is threaded) and upper hinge connecting link 7(or 13).
As shown in figure 11, the motion controller in described Loading Control System part and driver are arranged in switch board 25, pull pressure sensor 6(14) be arranged on the middle part loading side chain, displacement transducer is arranged on line slideway pedestal.Hardware in switch board 25 mainly comprises servo driver of motor, motion controller and industrial control computer, connects between system hardware mainly through cable.
(3) a kind of lathe load test method based on plane two straight line force mechanism of the present invention, the method concrete steps are as follows:
Step one: the clamping of mechanical load platform: mechanical load platform is fixed on the platen 21 of numerically-controlled machine 23, the position of platen 21 of adjustment numerically-controlled machine and the pose of mechanical load platform, make the mechanical interface 10(17 of the special loading unit of mechanical load platform) be connected with machine tool chief axis 9.
Step 2: initialization mechanical load platform: before carrying out actual loaded, first chassis initialization instruction is sent by industrial control computer, initialize motion controller, linear electric motors and servo-driver, check and confirm the state of mechanical load platform, for actual loaded is prepared.
Step 3: actual loaded: start lathe, make machine tool chief axis 8 move along intended trajectory simultaneously, under Loading Control System effect, gathering force snesor 6(14) feedback force signal and power instruction loading spectrum signal carry out computing in motion controller, draw the deviation signal of force value and export to servo-driver, ensureing that mechanical load platform carries out load test according to existing loading spectrum Database Requirements to tested lathe.In loading procedure, be provided with charger State Monitoring Program in industrial computer, the motion state current to mechanism detects.Loading procedure is the cyclic process of limited number of times, and concrete loaded cycle number of times needs to determine according to the performance index of tested lathe.
Claims (5)
1. based on a lathe charger for plane two straight line force mechanism, it is characterized in that: it is made up of mechanical load platform and Loading Control System; This mechanical load platform one end is fixed on the worktable of numerically-controlled machine by the linear electric motors guide rail base in linear motor assembly, and the other end is loaded main shaft of numerical control machine tool by the mechanical interface be connected with main shaft of numerical control machine tool; This Loading Control System manipulation mechanical load platform;
Described mechanical load platform comprises: linear motor assembly, driver element coupling assembling, loading side chain and special loading unit; Linear electric motors guide rail base in linear motor assembly is bolted on platen, linear electric motors slide block in linear motor assembly is connected with driver element coupling assembling by bolt, driver element coupling shaft in driver element coupling assembling is connected with loading side chain lower end by bolt, load side chain upper end to be connected with machine tool chief axis by special loading unit, Loading Control System is connected each sensor and each electric machine assembly by signal wire with power lead;
This linear motor assembly comprises permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor mover and stator, line slideway, linear electric motors guide rail base and linear electric motors slide block, permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator is bolted on linear electric motors guide rail base, permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator and line slideway are connected by bolt, and both directions are parallel, permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor mover is by the slippage in permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator of linear electric motors slide block, and linear motor assembly controls to provide power for load maintainer power; This permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor mover is sheet steel plate, covers permeability magnetic material above; Have groove in the middle of this permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor stator, groove two inside surface is respectively along the uniform permanent magnet of mover direction of motion; This line slideway is strip type platy structure; This linear electric motors guide rail base is platy structure; This linear electric motors slide block is box-shaped structure;
This driver element coupling assembling comprises the horizontal connection card extender of L-type, driver element coupling shaft bearing, bearing and driver element coupling shaft; When vertical installation, driver element coupling shaft bearing is bolted on linear electric motors slide block, driver element coupling shaft is connected with driver element coupling shaft bearing by bearing, driver element coupling shaft bearing with between bearing for interference is connected, for interference is connected between bearing with driver element coupling shaft, have through hole in the middle of driver element coupling shaft, be connected with loading side chain lower end by bolt; When horizontal installation, driver element coupling shaft bearing is not directly installed on linear electric motors slide block, but is connected by the horizontal card extender that is connected of bolt and L-type, and the horizontal connection card extender of L-type is connected by bolt and linear electric motors slide block; This driver element coupling shaft bearing is L-type plate-like piece, and this driver element coupling shaft is cylindrical member; The horizontal connection card extender of this L-type is L-type steel plateelement;
This loading side chain is made up of upper hinge connecting link, lower articulated mast, pull pressure sensor; The one end loading side chain is connected with linear electric motors slide block by driver element coupling assembling, and the other end is connected with machine tool chief axis by special loading unit, loads the middle pull pressure sensor that has been installed in series of side chain; This upper hinge connecting link, lower articulated mast are cylindrical rod-like element, and this pull pressure sensor is commercial single shaft force snesor;
This special loading unit, comprises for realizing the horizontal loading unit that the coplanar two-dimentional power of XY loads and the vertical loading unit two kinds adding the loading of Z-direction moment of torsion for realizing the coplanar two-dimentional power of XZ, YZ; Described horizontal loading unit props up chain fitting by horizontal loading, horizontal loading unit coupling shaft, horizontal loading unit connection bearing, the horizontal mechanical interface that is connected with main shaft of numerical control machine tool form; Horizontal loading is propped up chain fitting one end and is connected by horizontal loading unit coupling shaft, bearing, be interference fit between horizontal unit coupling shaft and horizontal loading unit connection bearing, horizontal loading unit connection bearing props up chain fitting by interference fit with horizontal loading and is connected, the other end that chain fitting is propped up in horizontal loading is connected with loading side chain upper end by bolt, and the bottom of horizontal mechanical interface is connected with horizontal loading unit coupling shaft by bolt; It is C type platy structure that chain fitting is propped up in this horizontal loading, and this horizontal loading unit coupling shaft is cylindrical shape; The horizontal mechanical interface that should be connected with main shaft of numerical control machine tool comprises: structural framing, shaft coupling, reduction gear, bearing and cutter holding interface; Cutter holding interface one end is connected with main shaft of numerical control machine tool, and the other end is connected with one end of reduction gear by shaft coupling, and the other end of reduction gear is fixed on structural framing by bearing, and structural framing is fixed on horizontal loading unit coupling shaft; This cutter holding interface is cylindrical member; This structural framing is the quadra structure of hollow, and this reduction gear is commercial miniature gear reduction gear; Described vertical loading unit props up chain fitting, vertical loading unit coupling shaft, vertical loading unit connection bearing, the vertical mechanical interface be connected with main shaft of numerical control machine tool and torque motor by vertical loading and forms; Vertical loading is propped up chain fitting one end and is connected by vertical loading unit coupling shaft, bearing, be interference fit between vertical loading unit coupling shaft and standing unit connection bearing, vertical loading unit connection bearing props up chain fitting by interference fit with vertical loading and is connected, the other end that chain fitting is propped up in vertical loading is connected with loading side chain upper end by bolt, the bottom of vertical mechanical interface is connected with vertical loading unit coupling shaft by bolt, and torque motor is connected with machine tool chief axis by the shaft coupling of mechanical interface; It is C type platy structure that chain fitting is propped up in this vertical loading; This vertical loading unit coupling shaft is cylindrical shape, the vertical mechanical interface that should be connected with main shaft of numerical control machine tool comprises: structural framing, shaft coupling and cutter holding interface, cutter holding interface one end is connected with main shaft of numerical control machine tool, the other end is connected with one end of reduction gear by shaft coupling, the other end of reduction gear is connected with torque motor axle by shaft coupling, the shell of torque motor and reduction gear is fixed on structural framing, and structural framing is fixed on horizontal loading unit coupling shaft; This cutter holding interface is cylindrical member, and this structural framing is the quadra structural member of hollow;
Described Loading Control System comprises motion controller, linear electric motors, driver, pull pressure sensor and displacement transducer, motion controller and driver are arranged in switch board, linear electric motors itself have displacement transducer, and pull pressure sensor is arranged on and loads in side chain; This motion controller comprises industrial control computer, motion control card and subsidiary control software design thereof, and motion controller is calculated by the steering order of input and feedback signal, sends Loading Control instruction to each loading side chain; This driver is the driver supporting with linear electric motors, and its function is that the control signal of motion controller is carried out power amplification, drives linear electric motors to implement to load; This displacement transducer is the grating scale that linear electric motors carry, and is used for measuring the displacement of linear electric motors, and to motion controller feedback information;
Wherein, the quantity of the linear motor assembly in this mechanical load platform is 2 covers; The quantity of driver element coupling assembling is 2 covers; The quantity loading side chain is 2 covers; The quantity of special loading unit is 2 covers.
2. utilize as claimed in claim 1 based on a load test method for the lathe charger of plane two straight line force mechanism, it is characterized in that: the method concrete steps are as follows:
Step one: the clamping of mechanical load platform: be fixed on the worktable of Machine by mechanical load platform, completes the connection of mechanical load platform and machine tool chief axis;
Step 2: initialization mechanical load platform: send chassis initialization instruction by industrial control computer, initialize motion controller, linear electric motors and servo-driver, check and confirm the state of mechanical load platform, for actual loaded is prepared;
Step 3: actual loaded: start lathe, make machine tool chief axis move along intended trajectory simultaneously, under Loading Control System effect, collection force snesor feedback force signal and power instruction loading spectrum signal carry out computing in motion controller, draw the deviation signal of force value and export to servo-driver, ensureing that mechanical load platform carries out load test according to existing loading spectrum Database Requirements to tested lathe; In loading procedure, charger State Monitoring Program is installed in industrial computer, the motion state current to mechanism detects, loading procedure is the cyclic process of limited number of times, and concrete loaded cycle number of times needs to determine according to the performance index of tested lathe.
3. a kind of lathe charger based on plane two straight line force mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the quantity of the horizontal connection card extender of the L-type in this driver element coupling assembling is 2 covers; The quantity of driver element coupling shaft bearing is 2 covers; The quantity of bearing is 4 covers; The quantity of driver element coupling shaft is 2 covers.
4. a kind of lathe charger based on plane two straight line force mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the horizontal loading unit in this special loading unit, the quantity that chain fitting is propped up in its horizontal loading is 2 covers; The quantity of horizontal loading unit coupling shaft is 1 cover; The quantity of horizontal loading unit connection bearing is 2 covers; The quantity of the horizontal mechanical interface be connected with main shaft of numerical control machine tool is 1 cover.
5. a kind of lathe charger based on plane two straight line force mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the vertical loading unit in this special loading unit, the quantity that chain fitting is propped up in its vertical loading is 2 covers; The quantity of vertical loading unit coupling shaft is 1 cover; The quantity of vertical loading unit connection bearing is 2 covers; The quantity of the vertical mechanical interface be connected with main shaft of numerical control machine tool is 1 cover; The quantity of torque motor is 1 cover.
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| CN104697761B (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2017-06-06 | 中国飞机强度研究所 | A kind of following loading method of movable aerofoil |
| CN104062134B (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2017-06-13 | 西南交通大学 | Simulate the fatigue test of structure method of reciprocating rolling load |
| CN104019986A (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2014-09-03 | 沈阳机床(集团)有限责任公司 | Reliability loading testing device and method for main shaft of numerically controlled lathe |
| CN104406777B (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2016-12-07 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of three dimensions varied angle charger |
| CN109528339B (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2020-09-08 | 乐清市华尊电气有限公司 | Spinal biomechanical measurement loading device |
| CN107271182B (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2023-06-23 | 南京航空航天大学 | Loading experiment device for simulating cutting force and action position of cutter |
| CN110608911A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-24 | 科德数控股份有限公司 | Five-axis machine tool loading test device and method |
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| US7938602B2 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2011-05-10 | Jtekt Corporation | Three degree of freedom parallel mechanism, multi-axis control machine tool using the mechanism and control method for the mechanism |
| CN101323089B (en) * | 2008-07-21 | 2010-06-02 | 西安理工大学 | Three-axis series-multiple connection compound mainshaft head mechanism |
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